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Polymerase Chain ReactionReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionBase SequenceMolecular Sequence DataDNA-Directed DNA PolymeraseRNA, MessengerDNA PrimersReal-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionRNA Polymerase IISensitivity and SpecificityDNA, ViralAmino Acid SequenceDNA, BacterialDNACloning, MolecularDNA-Directed RNA PolymerasesTranscription, GeneticGenotypeDNA Polymerase IBlotting, SouthernOligonucleotide ProbesMutationGene ExpressionDNA Polymerase IIMultiplex Polymerase Chain ReactionPolymorphism, Restriction Fragment LengthDNA Polymerase IIISequence Analysis, DNADNA, ProtozoanElectrophoresis, Agar GelGene AmplificationDNA, ComplementaryPolymorphism, GeneticDNA ProbesAllelesRNA, ViralTemplates, GeneticRNA Polymerase IRNA Polymerase IIIImmunohistochemistryImmunoglobulin Heavy ChainsEscherichia coliRNA-Directed DNA PolymeraseDNA Polymerase betaPromoter Regions, GeneticSequence Homology, Nucleic AcidCells, CulturedExonsRestriction MappingDNA, NeoplasmCell LineSequence Homology, Amino AcidDNA Mutational AnalysisNucleic Acid HybridizationIn Situ HybridizationGene Expression RegulationPhylogenyRNASequence AlignmentCattleSpecies SpecificityGene Expression ProfilingCase-Control StudiesGene FrequencyBlotting, WesternTime FactorsPoint MutationOligodeoxyribonucleotidesGene RearrangementEvaluation Studies as TopicKineticsImmunoglobulin Light ChainsPolymorphism, Single-Stranded ConformationalNucleic Acid Amplification TechniquesEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayParaffin EmbeddingFecesBlotting, NorthernRecombinant ProteinsTranscription FactorsPhenotypeTumor Virus InfectionsRNA, NeoplasmTaq PolymeraseDNA ReplicationTranslocation, GeneticRNA ReplicasePapillomaviridaeDog DiseasesGenetic VariationReproducibility of ResultsOligonucleotide Array Sequence AnalysisDNA-Binding ProteinsGenes, BacterialBiopsyElectrophoresis, Polyacrylamide GelBinding SitesTumor Cells, CulturedBacterial ProteinsDNA, Fungal

DetectionAssayKary MullisNucleotide1992AmplificationHumansSmearsInfectionNobel PrizeStreptococcusMycoplasmaSequencesAssaysQuantitativeDetectMolecular biologyMethodGeneStudyReversePracticesGenesVirusTestTechnologySpecificMake

Detection7

• Nucleic acid hybridization techniques, exploited by colony hybridizations or polymerase chain reaction (PCR), apply a single detection method to a diversity of organisms. (cdc.gov)
• We have investigated the use of a nested polymerase chain reaction assay for the detection of a fetal-specific Y-chromosomal sequence (DYS14) from DNA extracted from unsorted maternal peripheral blood. (ox.ac.uk)
• et al Use of immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction for detection of oncornaviruses in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded fibrosarcomas from cats. (thieme-connect.de)
• Immunocapture polymerase chain reaction for the detection and characterization of cacao swollen shoot virus 1A isolates. (plantprotection.pl)
• By utilizing a secondary detection system in concert with the initial PCR reaction, perfect specificity can be assured. (openophthalmologyjournal.com)
• The present study reports the use of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detection of Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) infection in poultry using tissues directly. (nexusacademicpublishers.com)
• Bacterial detection by culture was low which showed that Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) test should be encouraged to improve bacterial detection. (bvsalud.org)

Assay3

• A comparison of polymerase chain reaction and an infectivity assay for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 titration during virus inactivation of blood components. (ox.ac.uk)
• HIV-1 infectivity was measured by a syncytial infectivity assay in C8166 cells and then compared with levels determined by nested HIV polymerase chain reaction (PCR). (ox.ac.uk)
• A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was developed to rapidly detect and identify West Nile (WN) virus. (usuhs.edu)

Kary Mullis1

• It was discovered in 1993 by Kary Mullis (An Introduction to Genetic Engineering. (firebaseapp.com)

Nucleotide3

• During the early 1990s, breakthroughs in cloning and sequencing of Norwalk virus and Southampton virus ( 15--18 ) led to the development of sensitive molecular assays (e.g., reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction [RT-PCR]), nucleotide hybridization probes, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) that used baculovirus-expressed viral antigens ( 19--33 ). (cdc.gov)
• Hantavirus-specific nucleotide sequences were amplified from specimens of organs using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). (cdc.gov)
• It begins with the initial sample containing the target DNA and mixes in the appropriate primers, DNA polymerase, nucleotide triphosphates, and buffered salts. (openophthalmologyjournal.com)

19921

• To enable an evidence-based risk assessment, From 1992 to 1993, RESTV was detected in an literature reviews were conducted on articles with RESTV NHP quarantine facility in Sienna, Italy, and infected data. (who.int)

Amplification5

• Methods that directly detect bacteria from clinical specimens include acid fast and fluorescent smears, culture, and nucleic acid amplification such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR). (vin.com)
• Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a technique involving enzymatic amplification of nucleic acid sequences in repeated cycles of denaturation, oligonucleotide annealing and DNA polymerase extension. (openophthalmologyjournal.com)
• Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a technique involving enzymatic amplification of nucleic acid sequences in repeated cycles of denaturation, oligonucleotide annealing and DNA polymerase extension [ 3 ].The PCR uses in vitro enzymatic synthesis to amplify specific DNA sequence within few hours. (openophthalmologyjournal.com)
• Identification of alternatively spliced mRNAs and localization of 5' ends by polymerase chain reaction amplification. (utsouthwestern.edu)
• Polymerase smears, and IFA and rK39 strip tests on chain reaction (PCR) amplification testing serum samples. (who.int)

Humans1

• To demonstrate the presence of components of local RASs in humans we used the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) after reverse transcription to detect renin- angiotensinogen-, and angiotensin-converting enzyme-mRNA in small quantities of human tissues. (jci.org)

Smears1

• The prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes in relation to age was investigated by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method in cytologically normal smears from 4 different groups of women. (nih.gov)

Infection2

• A confirmed case is now defined as unexplained adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) or acute bilateral pulmonary interstitial infiltrates and/or prodromal symptoms in a person who had onset during 1993 and who has laboratory evidence of recent hantavirus infection. (cdc.gov)
• Occasionally, large foodborne and waterborne outbreaks of intestinal protozoan infection have occurred in the US (eg, the multi-state outbreak of Cyclospora cayetanensis infection attributed to contaminated fresh vegetable trays in 2018 and the massive waterborne Cryptosporidium outbreak in Milwaukee in 1993). (msdmanuals.com)

Nobel Prize3

• Awarded the Nobel Prize in chemistry in 1993, Mullis received the only Nobel Prize for a discovery made by a biotech company. (canadianmanufacturing.com)
• Mullis is the biochemist who won the 1993 Nobel Prize in chemistry for his development of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which revolutionized the study of genetics. (maps.org)
• Kary B. Mullis from USA received a Nobel Prize in 1993 for inventing this technique. (openophthalmologyjournal.com)

Streptococcus1

• The commonest bacteria identified by CSF culture and Polymerase Chain Reaction was Streptococcus pneumonia (SPN). (bvsalud.org)

Mycoplasma1

• Using polymerase chain reaction Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum were detected in cervical secretions of 19.2% and 13.7% of infertile women, and the presence of mycoplasma was significantly correlated with the presence of AZP-Ab and ASA. (who.int)

Sequences2

• Lowering the temperature allowed the Taq DNA polymerase to copy and extend sequences along the DNA strands. (canadianmanufacturing.com)
• Polymerase Chain Reaction is a lab technique used to amplify DNA sequences. (firebaseapp.com)

Assays1

• The use of highly reproducible and accurate SYBR-based real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays instead of performing Taqman-type assays allows low-cost, high-throughput analysis of viral mRNA expression. (biomedcentral.com)

Quantitative1

• Quantitative analysis by the polymerase chain reaction. (jci.org)

Detect2

• We developed a single multiplex PCR reaction to detect ETEC, EPEC, EIEC, and STEC, using specific previously described ( 4 - 6 ) or new primers (GIBCO-BRL, Gaithersburg, MD) for diverse virulence traits ( Table 1 ). (cdc.gov)
• The former question has been applied to by new studies using the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique that claim to detect very large quantities of virus in HIV+ patients at all stages of disease progression. (researchgate.net)

Molecular biology1

• A real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR, or qPCR when used quantitatively) is a laboratory technique of molecular biology based on the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). (wikipedia.org)

Method4

• The method used globally to test for the presence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus that causes COVID-19 is known as the polymerase chain reaction or PCR. (canadianmanufacturing.com)
• His insight was to design a method to do this using Taq DNA polymerase. (canadianmanufacturing.com)
• Molecular epidemiology of human hepatisis A virus defined by an antigen-captured polymerase chain reaction method. (plantprotection.pl)
• In order to accomplish this goal, we needed to develop a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method that would allow us to make direct comparisons between patients in terms of amount of mRNA expressed in cervical specimens. (biomedcentral.com)

Gene1

• Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing and size analysis for an expanded number of cytosine-adenine-guanine (CAG) trinucleotide repeats in the HTT gene may be performed for both symptomatic individuals and asymptomatic individuals with a family history of HD. (arupconsult.com)

Study1

• The basis for assessing the quantity and quality of extracted DNA was the Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) reaction since the analysis of soil DNA often relies on the use of PCR to study soil microorganisms. (peerj.com)

Reverse1

• The acronym "RT-PCR" commonly denotes reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and not real-time PCR, but not all authors adhere to this convention. (wikipedia.org)

Practices1

• World Wide Web-based survey of vaccination practices, postvaccinal reactions, and vaccine site-associated sarcomas in cats. (thieme-connect.de)

Genes1

• Subsequent differentiation allows for rear- analysis of a set of mouse B lineage cell lines rep- rangements of the Ig light-chain (IgL) genes that replace the resenting defined stages of B cell development us- surrogate light-chain genes on the surface of the B cell [8]. (lu.se)

Virus2

• However, many scientists now question the role of the virus (Root-Bernstein, 1993). (researchgate.net)
• Furthermore, members agreed that advances in polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology have now made it possible to recover fragments of variola virus DNA from inactivated material such as (-irradiated, killed virus or formalin-treated, infected tissue. (who.int)

Test1

• Le test sur bandelette au rK39 est fiable en l'absence de moyens de laboratoire. (who.int)

Technology1

• The inclusion of reactions and conditions that apply to a variety of virulence loci so that multiple candidate pathogens can be sought in a single reaction makes this technology more efficient and economical. (cdc.gov)

Specific1

• In order to amplify small amounts of DNA, the same methodology is used as in conventional PCR using a DNA template, at least one pair of specific primers, deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates, a suitable buffer solution and a thermo-stable DNA polymerase. (wikipedia.org)

Make1

• With Cetus, Mullis designed a machine, the thermocycler, to enable the repeating of such cycles to make exponential amounts of DNA, much like a nuclear chain reaction - hence the term polymerase chain reaction. (canadianmanufacturing.com)