• Their tiny size, rapid growth by clonal propagation, and facile uptake of labeled compounds from the media were attractive features that made them a well-known model for plant biology from 1950 to 1990. (osti.gov)
  • He was a plant molecular biologist, studying tree biology and the genes responsible for lignin in plant cell walls. (ubc.ca)
  • Dennis RLH, Hodgson JG, Grenyer R, Shreeve TG, Roy DB (2004) Host plants and butterfly biology: Do host-plant strategies drive butterfly status? (springer.com)
  • Gene ontology: tool for the unification of biology. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • For their leading research work in molecular biology which now enables foreign genes to be transferred to plants. (rankprize.org)
  • Plant Molecular Biology, 10(4), 303–310. (ncsu.edu)
  • Department of Plant Biology Carnegie Institute of Washington 290 Panama Street, Stanford, CA 94305, U.S.A. (ncsu.edu)
  • Molecular biotechnology has made it possible to explore the potential of plants for different purposes. (frontiersin.org)
  • 1989), and has been shown to be involved in the activation of an Arabidopsis CAB gene by light and by the circadian clock (Anderson and Kay, 1995). (wikiversity.org)
  • 310 "A high efficiency method for site-directed mutagen -esis with any plasmid":Gene;1989 (Dec 7);84(1);p153-7.Average yield of mutants was 60% with simple and rapid techniques. (globalchange.com)
  • 1988) Gene 67: 21-30), glutathione-S-transferase (Johnson (1989) Nature 338: 585-587), ubiquitin (Miller et al. (justia.com)
  • 1991), but to date no I-box binding protein has been cloned from plants. (wikiversity.org)
  • LeMYBI is the first isolated I-box binding protein and is a member of a novel class of myb-like proteins which to date is found exclusively in plants. (wikiversity.org)
  • Within the NIP subfamily, the presence of a NIP2 in both genomes supports a conserved ability to absorb Si within plants of the genus. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The mitochondrial genomes of flowering plants exhibit a number of characteristics that distinguish them from the mitochondrial genomes of other eukaryotes [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Angiosperm mitochondrial genomes also contain numerous introns, some of which have been split such that the resulting gene fragments must be transcribed separately and then trans- spliced together [ 7 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The size and complexity of plant mitochondrial genomes, especially when compared with animals and fungi, make them powerful models for exploring the forces affecting eukaryotic genome structure and evolution. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The genomes of plant mitochondria, like any organelle genome, depend on highly integrated functional coordination with the nucleus. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Plant mitochondrial genomes contain genes for their own rRNA subunits as well as for some of the ribosomal proteins and tRNAs required for translation (Figure 1 ), but many necessary ribosomal protein and tRNA genes are located in the nuclear genome, so their gene products must be imported into the mitochondrion [ 15 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • For work showing the collinearity of genes in the genomes of an extensive range of cereal species and for its consequences in accelerating the progress of crop improvement. (rankprize.org)
  • In addition, genes encoding a 40S ribosomal protein and a P23 tumour protein were altered in both these strains. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • After the DNA-coated gold particles have been delivered to the cells, the DNA is used as a template for transcription (transient expression) and sometimes it integrates into a plant chromosome ('stable' transformation) If the delivered DNA construct contains a selectable marker, then stably transformed cells can be selected and cultured using tissue culture methods. (wikipedia.org)
  • It seemed possible that these genes are regulated by transcription factors that are themselves regulated by miRNAs, and at a translational level by a process involving DRB2. (nature.com)
  • binds specifically to the I-box and activates transcription in yeast and plants. (wikiversity.org)
  • During plant growth and development, MYB transcription factors play an important role in responding to abiotic stresses and regulating the synthesis of secondary metabolites. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Important regulators of transcription factors in plant growth and development and secondary metabolism. (biomedcentral.com)
  • To find the shortest length of light-inducible Gacab promoter with strong transcription activity, the full-length Gacab P (pA) and 5' truncations with lengths of 197 bp (pB), 504 bp (pC), and 779 bp (pD) were fused with the gus ( uid A) gene and ligated into plant expression vectors. (chinacrops.org)
  • Transcription of the wheat chloroplast gene that encodes the 32 kd polypeptide. (ncsu.edu)
  • Synthesis of AR1 RNA was dependent on T-DNA transfer and TGMV DNA replication, demonstrating that it is a plant transcription product. (ncsu.edu)
  • One CCGG site 164 base-pairs upstream from the start of transcription is preferentially unmethylated in some genes. (ncsu.edu)
  • It is concluded that cytosine methylation in rDNA is regulated and that the methylation pattern correlates with the transcription potential of an rRNA gene. (ncsu.edu)
  • However, several other routine methods and tools for molecular genetic investigations, including the use of reporter genes for analysis of gene transcription and promoter function, have not yet been developed in Z. mobilis. (moam.info)
  • The selectable marker chosen will depend on the species being transformed, but it will typically be a gene granting cells a detoxification capacity for certain herbicides or antibiotics such as kanamycin, hygromycin B, or glyphosate[page needed]. (wikipedia.org)
  • 130 "Biohazard":110 page document produced by National Anti-vivi -section Society in London in 1987.Quotes over 1000 scien -tific papers relating to deliberate transmission of lethal viruses from species to spe -cies in US primate centres in the 1960's and 1970's. (globalchange.com)
  • Variation in the number of AQP subfamilies specific to different plant species has been reported. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Mitochondrial gene loss and functional transfer to the nucleus is an ongoing process in many lineages of plants, resulting in substantial variation across species in mitochondrial gene content. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The results showed that the nectar resource utilization by adult butterflies was significantly biased to herbaceous plants, especially to perennials, compared to woody species, although most of the study area was in and near a primary woodland. (springer.com)
  • There were greater nectar plant species in sites with greater plant species richness. (springer.com)
  • Among the butterfly community indices analyzed, the strongest correlation was detected between butterfly species richness and nectar plant species richness at each site. (springer.com)
  • Another close correlation was detected between the species richness of nectar plants and herbaceous plants at each site. (springer.com)
  • These results suggest that herbaceous plant species richness in a habitat plays a central role in its nectar plant species richness, and the nectar plant richness is a highly important factor supporting its adult butterfly species richness. (springer.com)
  • Consequently, we propose that the maintenance and management of herbaceous plant species richness in a butterfly habitat, which lead to those of its nectar plant species richness, are very important for conservation of butterfly diversity even in and around woodland landscapes of temperate regions. (springer.com)
  • Fungal and plant gene expression during the colonization of cacao seedlings by endophytic isolates of four Trichoderma species. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Since conducting its first space breeding experiment in 1987, China has sent the seeds of hundreds of plant species into space on dozens of retrievable satellites and Shenzhou spaceships. (cgtn.com)
  • In the predominantly Neotropical tribe Myrteae (Myrtaceae), species of two genera, Acca and Myrrhinium , offer fleshy, sugary petals to the consumption of birds that otherwise eat fruits, thus pollinating the plants in an unusual plant-animal interaction. (peerj.com)
  • Transformation capability will greatly facilitate gene functional studies in C. richardii , more fully realizing the potential of this model fern species. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These protocols may be adapted to other plant species that are recalcitrant to Agrobacterium -mediated transformation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Despite the abundance of fern species and the unique opportunity they offer for investigating the evolution of seeds and vascular systems, arguably the two most important events contributing to land plant expansion, ferns are among the most under-investigated land plant clades. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, P. syringae strain 642 does not cause disease on any tested plant species. (greenhousecanada.com)
  • The ubiquitous presence of many of these species in plants and other natural habitats makes bacterial ice nucleation a common phenomenon in nature and a major factor contributing to frost damage to agronomic crops (reference and references therein). (moam.info)
  • In this work, fresh plant material of seven wild neotropical species of genus Canna , C. ascendens , C. coccinea , C. indica , C. glauca , C. plurituberosa , C. variegatifolia and C. fuchsina sp. (scielo.sa.cr)
  • Increasingly, the collections are also used to extract DNA and thus enable studies of species' relationships, distribution history and population genetics, or to investigate the expression, variation or change of different genes over time. (lu.se)
  • Genetic transformation was demonstrated upon observed expression of the marker gene within onion cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • A gene construct is a DNA cassette containing all required regulatory elements for proper expression within the target organism. (wikipedia.org)
  • Promoter Promoters control the location and magnitude of gene expression and function as "the steering wheel and gas pedal" of a gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • page needed] Promoters precede the gene of interest in the DNA construct and can be changed through laboratory design to fine-tune transgene expression. (wikipedia.org)
  • The 35S promoter from Cauliflower mosaic virus is an example of a commonly used promoter that results in robust constitutive gene expression within plants. (wikipedia.org)
  • Terminator Terminator sequences are required for proper gene expression and are placed after the coding region of the gene of interest within the DNA construct. (wikipedia.org)
  • Figure 1: Expression patterns of DRB1 and DRB2 in wild-type plants, and miRNA target expression in drb1 and drb2 . (nature.com)
  • The 3' regulatory regions have a great diversity of cis -regulatory elements directly involved in polyadenylation, stability, transport and mRNA translation, essential to achieve the desired levels of gene expression. (frontiersin.org)
  • Although a small number of 3' regulatory regions have been identified and validated so far, many studies have shown that plant 3' regulatory regions have a higher potential to regulate gene expression in plants compared to widely used 3' regulatory regions, such as NOS and OCS from Agrobacterium tumefaciens and 35S from cauliflower mosaic virus. (frontiersin.org)
  • In this review, we discuss the role of 3' regulatory regions in gene expression, and the superior potential that plant 3' regulatory regions have compared to NOS, OCS and 35S 3' regulatory regions. (frontiersin.org)
  • Genes whose expression levels rise and fall similarly in a large set of samples, may be considered coexpressed. (mdpi.com)
  • As in the case of the G box sequence, previous [ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase small subunit] RBCS gene expression studies with transgenic plants have failed to demonstrate a requirement for these I box sequences, although mutation of what are likely to be functionally related sequences in CAB genes does affect expression (Gidoni et al. (wikiversity.org)
  • Experiments "show that site-specific mutations in either G or I, but not GT boxes, in the context of the full rbcS-IA promoter, drastically affect the rbcS-IA promoter-dependent expression of Adh and [ β -glucuronidas] GUS reporter genes. (wikiversity.org)
  • Although the RBCS1, RBCS2 and RBCS3A promoters contain closely related cis regulatory sequences, the expression patterns of the genes are different. (wikiversity.org)
  • Gene expression also relies on extensive C-to-U (and sometimes U-to-C) RNA editing, in which substitution of specific pyrimidines in the mRNA sequence restores phylogenetically conserved codons [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Gene expression analysis proved that three of these genes ( VIT_ 13s0019g03040, VIT _17s0000g08960 , VIT_18s0001g15390 ) were actually induced by drought stress. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In planta production of hyperthermophilic hydrolytic enzymes could prevent the detrimental effects often seen resulting from the expression of recombinant mesophilic enzymes to plant hosts. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The early expression profiles of these Trichoderma strains were studied after 20 h of incubation in the presence of tomato plants, using a high-density oligonucleotide (HDO) microarray, and compared to the profiles in the absence of plants. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Out of the total 34 138 Trichoderma probe sets deposited on the microarray, 1077 (3.15 %) showed a significant change of at least 2-fold in expression in the presence of tomato plants. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Systemic modulation of gene expression in tomato by Trichoderma hamatum 382. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • For a subset of five promoters, expression stability was further demonstrated in whole plant transgenics as well as in active nodules. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Treatment of adventitious roots of ginseng with different concentrations of NaCl revealed four up-regulated expression of PgMY B transcripts that can candidate genes for salt resistance studies in ginseng. (biomedcentral.com)
  • RNAi has been used successfully to suppress gene expression in C. richardii by biolistic bombardment of DNA constructs expressing double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) against target genes into gametophyte cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • To determine whether the various promoter constructs confer light-regulated expression to gus , F 1 progeny seeds of transgenic plants containing different Gacab promoter deletion constructs were geminated in either the dark or light. (chinacrops.org)
  • Production of the fusion polypeptide involves the introduction of the hybrid gene into a biological host cell system, for example yeast cells, which permits the expression and accumulation of the fusion polypeptide. (justia.com)
  • The geminivirus transient expression system allows rapid analysis of RNAs transcribed from foreign genes and can serve as a preliminary screen in the construction of transgenic plants. (ncsu.edu)
  • Chromatin structure and expression of plant ribosomal RNA genes. (ncsu.edu)
  • The expression of the ice nucleation gene inaZ from Pseudomonas syringae in Zymomonas mobilis strains under the control of three different promoters was investigated to establish the utility of the gene as a reporter and examine the possible use of the organism as a source of ice nuclei for biotechnological applications. (moam.info)
  • We have investigated the expression of an ice nucleation gene, inaZ, originally cloned from Pseudomonas syringae (5), in Z. mobilis for two reasons. (moam.info)
  • this gene is a very useful reporter in other gram-negative bacteria because its activity can be measured by a very sensitive assay ($105-fold more sensitive than conventional reporters such as b-galactosidase) and its expression can be quantified by very simple methods, such as a droplet-freezing assay (6, 22, 9). (moam.info)
  • In transgenic plants, the 5'-deletion Gacab promoter fragments A, B and D had relative activities of 50.2%, 60.0%, and 51.5% respectively (compared with pC). (chinacrops.org)
  • GWAS detected 24 significant marker-trait associations along the various stages of drought-stress experiment and 13 candidate genes with a feasible role in drought response were identified. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In genetic engineering, a gene gun or biolistic particle delivery system is a device used to deliver exogenous DNA (transgenes), RNA, or protein to cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • By coating particles of a heavy metal with a gene of interest and firing these micro-projectiles into cells using mechanical force, an integration of desired genetic information can be introduced into desired cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Genetic variation of VIT_17s0000g08960 coding for a raffinose synthase was further investigated by resequencing the gene of 85 individuals since a SNP located in the region (chr17_10,497,222_C_T) was significantly associated with stomatal conductance. (biomedcentral.com)
  • By studying the immune systems of these children, Casanova will work to identify genetic lesions that confer this vulnerability and to prove that, as a rule, life-threatening infectious diseases in children are caused by mutations in a single gene. (rockefeller.edu)
  • The genetic studies were achieved according to the model 2 Method 4 of Griffing,(1956) aiming the required variances to calculate the number of genes involved in each cross, according to Wright's (1968) formula. (agrosavia.co)
  • The leaf rust genetic resistance was controlled by two genes in Pavón76 and Hermosillo 77 varieties and by three genes in Nacozari 76, based on Jupateco 73 S does not possess effective genes of resistance. (agrosavia.co)
  • These techniques are based upon the preparation of hybrid genes, i. e. genes comprising genetic material encoding the polypeptide of interest linked to genetic material additional to the gene of interest. (justia.com)
  • The team submitted the genome to GenBank, the National Institutes of Health genetic sequence database, and published its findings in the February 2010 issue of Molecular-Plant Microbe Interactions. (greenhousecanada.com)
  • Genetic variability is based on partial sequencing of the fusion (F) protein gene ( 8,9 ) and of the Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) belongs to the 3 end of the nucleoprotein (N) gene ( 10 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Interactions Between Genetic Risk Score and Healthy Plant Diet Index on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors Among Obese and Overweight Women. (cdc.gov)
  • 2006) it would be good if that future epidemiological studies of relationships between lead exposures and cancer should include evaluation of genetic susceptibility factors, such as the ALAD gene. (who.int)
  • 1987. Physiologically based pharmacokinetics and the risk assessment process for methylene chloride. (cdc.gov)
  • The aim of this study was to characterise the impact of a resistance gene against L. maculans infection on residue microbial communities and to identify micro-organisms interacting with this pathogen during residue degradation. (biorxiv.org)
  • CMEIAS bioimage informatics that define the landscape ecology of immature microbial biofilms developed on plant rhizoplane surfaces. (bashanfoundation.org)
  • Establishment and maintenance of mutualistic plant-microbial interactions in the rhizosphere and within plant roots involve several root cell types. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It is well established that cab promoters in plants are light-inducible and tissue-specific. (chinacrops.org)
  • He was on the executive of the Canadian Society of Plant Biologists for many years, as western regional director from 2000-2002, vice president from 2007-2009 and president from 2009-2010. (ubc.ca)
  • Department of Molecular Genetics AFRC Institute of Plant Science Research (Cambridge Laboratory), Maris Lane, Trumpington Cambridge CB2 2LQ, U.K. (ncsu.edu)
  • DRB2 has been remarkably conserved throughout plant evolution, raising the possibility that translational repression is the ancient form of miRNA-directed gene regulation in plants, and that Dicer partnering proteins, such as human TRBP, might play a similar role in other eukaryotic systems. (nature.com)
  • In primitive land plants, two additional unique classes of AQPs, GlpF-like intrinsic protein (GIPs) and hybrid intrinsic proteins (HIPs) have been described and are presumed to have been lost in the course of evolution [ 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • As observed more broadly in angiosperms, ribosomal proteins have been especially prone to gene loss in the S. latifolia lineage. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Overexpression of hyperthermophilic endoglucanase in feedstock had impacts on plant growth and cell wall composition, especially when the enzyme was highly expressed. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In addition to having a dominant sporophyte generation as in other vascular plants, a salient feature of the ferns is the possession of a free-living, photosynthetic, and macroscopic gametophyte generation that is easily cultured in the laboratory [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, the components and mechanism(s) that determine whether a plant miRNA ultimately regulates its targets by guiding cleavage or translational inhibition are unknown 6 . (nature.com)
  • Widespread translational inhibition by plant miRNAs and siRNAs. (nature.com)
  • These findings suggest a markedly expanded role for nuclear gene products in the translation of mitochondrial genes in S. latifolia and raise the possibility of altered selective constraints operating on the mitochondrial translational apparatus in this lineage. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Fungal community structure differed between the two lines at harvest, but not subsequently, suggesting that the presence/absence of the resistance gene influences the microbiome at the base of the stem whilst the plant is alive, but that this does not necessarily lead to differential colonisation of the residues by fungi. (biorxiv.org)
  • The Trichoderma reesei hydrophobin genes hfb1 and hfb2 have diverse functions in fungal development. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • This raises the exciting possibility that animals and microbes coevolved just as plants and pathogens did. (rockefeller.edu)
  • Biological ice nuclei are produced primarily by certain gram-negative bacteria, most of which are either plant pathogens or nonpathogenic plant epiphytes. (moam.info)
  • 1) "native" tRNAs encoded in the mitochondrial genome and inherited from the α-proteobacterial progenitor of mitochondria, 2) chloroplast-like tRNAs, which are also encoded in the mitochondrial genome but which were acquired by functional gene transfer from the chloroplast genome during land plant evolution, and 3) nuclear-encoded tRNAs imported from the cytosol. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This review details the anatomy, development, physiology, and molecular characteristics of the Lemnaceae to introduce them to the broader plant research community. (osti.gov)
  • Vinatzer, assistant professor of plant pathology, physiology, and weed science in the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences. (greenhousecanada.com)
  • Plant biominerals are not always well characterized, although this information is important for plant physiology and can be useful for taxonomic purposes. (scielo.sa.cr)
  • Divergence in one region of 18S rRNA appears to be the result of a gene conversion event, in which recombination with a homologous gene of chloroplast origin led to the complete replacement of a helix in this ribosomal RNA. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Ferns ( Pteridophyta ) are vascular plants that appeared during evolution before the emergence of seed plants. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The largest collections are vascular plants, but extensive collections also include algae, lichens, bryophytes and fungi. (lu.se)
  • In modern times, significant collections of vascular plants have been made in Greece within the projects Flora Hellenica and Skåne's flora. (lu.se)
  • In addition, genes encoding 18S and, especially, 5S rRNA exhibit exceptional sequence divergence relative to other plants. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cytosine methylation has been studied in wheat rRNA genes at nucleolar organizers displaying different activities. (ncsu.edu)
  • The methylation pattern within a specific multigene locus is influenced by the number and type of rRNA genes in other rDNA loci in the cell. (ncsu.edu)
  • Dominant, very active loci have a higher proportion of rRNA genes with unmethylated cytosine residues in comparison with recessive and inactive loci. (ncsu.edu)
  • It enters the leaves through stomata ( Hammond and Lewis, 1987 ), leading to the development of leaf spots and pycnidia, which produce pycnidiospores dispersed by rain-splash (Travadon et al. (biorxiv.org)
  • page needed] While gene constructs may vary in their design depending on the desired outcome of the transformation procedure, all constructs typically contain a combination a promoter sequence, a terminator sequence, the gene of interest, and a reporter gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • Whereas the RBCS1 and RBCS2 genes are expressed in both leaves and young fruit, the RBCS3A promoter is highly active in leaves, but not in young fruit. (wikiversity.org)
  • We cloned a 1009-bp promoter sequence of the Gossypium arboreum cab gene and clarified that this promoter ( Gacab P) is light inducible. (chinacrops.org)
  • The bacterial genes encoding chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) and beta-glucuronidase (GUS) were transiently expressed in leaf discs from the AR1 promoter in TGMV A. The levels of AR1 and GUS RNAs were similar in leaf discs after adjusting for viral DNA copy number, while CAT RNA was less abundant. (ncsu.edu)
  • and PhrpR, the promoter of hrpR, a regulatory gene from P. syringae pv. (moam.info)
  • Found on a wide variety of plants, many strains of P. syringae cause plant diseases such as bacterial blight, spot, speck, stripes, and canker. (greenhousecanada.com)
  • failed verification] Reporter gene A gene encoding a selectable marker is a common element within DNA constructs and is used to select for properly transformed cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • In order to determine the number of genes involved in the type of leaf rust resistance called "slow rusting" in Pavón76, Hermosillo 77 and Nacozari 76 wheat varieties a study was carried out at the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) located in Texcoco, State of Mexico. (agrosavia.co)
  • All possible single crosses were entered into these three varieties with a susceptible lacking variety genes resistance called Jupateco 73 S .Parents and 74 F 5 families of each cross were planted in a split plot randomized block design with three replications. (agrosavia.co)
  • Heritability and number of genes controlling leaf rust resistance in four cultivars of wheat. (agrosavia.co)
  • Certain human genes exert an almost pathogen-specific effect in protective immunity," says Casanova. (rockefeller.edu)
  • We also found several genes in this bacterium that are similar to genes in a human pathogen, but fortunately know that this bacterium cannot cause disease in humans since it stops growing at 30 degrees Celsius," Vinatzer said. (greenhousecanada.com)
  • Bacteria, protoctista, fungi and plants have well studied compatibility systems. (tripod.com)
  • Carbohydrate metabolism - the chitin degradation enzymes N -acetylglucosamine-6-phosphate deacetylase, glucosamine-6-phosphate deaminase and chitinase - was the most significantly overrepresented process commonly observed in the three Trichoderma strains in early interactions with tomato plants. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Pollination by frugivorous birds represents a special case of mutualism that highlights the evolutionary complexities of plant-animal interactions. (peerj.com)
  • For fundamental studies of plant-pest-natural enemy interactions and the development of practical methods of pest control. (rankprize.org)
  • For pioneering studies of insect chemical ecology, involving the identification of semiochemicals that influence the behaviour of insects and their interactions with crop plants and facilitating new strategies for insect pest control in agricultural practice. (rankprize.org)
  • Gene-respiratory disease interactions for rheumatoid arthritis risk. (cdc.gov)
  • Many of these micro-organisms are considered beneficial (e.g. plant growth-promoting bacteria), whereas others are pathogenic and decrease the yield and quality of agricultural produce. (biorxiv.org)
  • The brush mutant was also unable to form a symbiosis with rhizobia, and structures that allow the bacteria to enter the plant stopped developing before they were complete. (elifesciences.org)
  • Under the supervision of a Virginia Tech plant pathologist, a group of high school, undergraduate, and graduate students isolated and characterized a formerly unknown group of bacteria. (greenhousecanada.com)
  • Maureen Farrell, a sophomore majoring in biological sciences in the College of Science, inoculates tomato plants with P. syringae bacteria in the Vinatzer laboratory. (greenhousecanada.com)
  • He was surprised when he found that the first genetically engineered bacterium ever released into the environment in 1987 belonged to this same group of bacteria. (greenhousecanada.com)
  • The CAREER grant searches for answers about the evolution on plant pathogenic bacteria since the advent of agriculture. (greenhousecanada.com)
  • The microbiome associated with the two types of plant residues was characterised by metabarcoding. (biorxiv.org)
  • Plasmid vectors have been developed, mutants can be isolated by various mutagenic treatments, and various genes have been cloned in heterologous hosts such as Escherichia coli (17). (moam.info)
  • Gene coexpression analysis refers to the en masse discovery of coexpressed genes from a large variety of transcriptomic experiments. (mdpi.com)
  • The seeds will be used for space experiments on the China Space Station (CSS), including a type of corn seed, developed by the Shanxi Agricultural University, that has a planting area of about 266,667 hectares in the province, with high yields and wide adaptability, according to the report. (cgtn.com)
  • The Caryophyllaceae represents one lineage that has experienced a particularly high rate of mitochondrial gene loss relative to other angiosperms. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The genome contains the fewest genes of any angiosperm mitochondrial genome sequenced to date, with intact copies of only 25 of the 41 protein genes inferred to be present in the common ancestor of angiosperms. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The genome has also experienced a major reduction in tRNA gene content, including loss of functional tRNAs of both native and chloroplast origin. (biomedcentral.com)
  • For pioneering research which has enabled plant breeders to exploit cereal genomics to develop improved wheat cultivars. (rankprize.org)
  • For pioneering the understanding of isotope discrimination in plants and its application to breed wheat varieties that use water more efficiently. (rankprize.org)
  • For the application of crop science and plant breeding technology to the improvement of rice and wheat yields so that the food supply to poor people is safeguarded. (rankprize.org)
  • Asian Journal of Plant Pathology, 4(2), 603–610. (ncsu.edu)
  • Number of genes involved in slow-rusting to leaf rust (Puccinia recondita f. sp. (agrosavia.co)
  • The AR1 gene, which encodes the TGMV coat protein, was transcribed transiently in leaf discs after agroinoculation of TGMV A DNA. (ncsu.edu)
  • In contrast, the selection of regulatory mechanisms is independent of the degree of mismatch between a plant miRNA and its target transcript 5 . (nature.com)
  • Here we show that the form of regulatory action directed by a plant miRNA is determined by DRB2, a DICER-LIKE1 (DCL1) partnering protein. (nature.com)
  • This gene was tagged by insertion of the Tc1 transposon, and the wild-type gene was cloned by chromosomal walking 11 kb from ama-1, a cloned gene encoding the large subunit of RNA polymerase II. (ncsu.edu)
  • The type of biological networks that studies gene coexpression, known as Gene Coexpression Networks, consist of an undirected graph depicting genes and their coexpression relationships. (mdpi.com)
  • Strains T7 and T34, which had similar positive effects on plant development in biological assays, showed a significantly overrepresented hexokinase activity in interaction with tomato. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • In the case of plant roots, changes in the concentration of calcium ions herald essential information about soil conditions and the presence of microorganisms, and in turn trigger appropriate responses. (elifesciences.org)
  • Previous studies have identified one mutant version of this plant, called brush , which develops abnormal roots with brush-like arrays of root hairs near the tip. (elifesciences.org)
  • The introduction of a normal, or wild type, copy of the proposed gene - referred to as BRUSH - into the brush mutant did not correct the problems with its roots. (elifesciences.org)
  • In vitro and in vivo assays with Trichoderma harzianum CECT 2413 (T34), Trichoderma virens Gv29-8 (T87) and Trichoderma hamatum IMI 224801 (T7) revealed that these strains affected the growth and development of lateral roots in tomato plants in different ways. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Plant roots are dynamic structures involved in diverse developmental and physiological processes [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Further it was found that not only the berries but also roots, stems and leaves of local plant contain considerable amount of piperine. (who.int)
  • Through APA, a single gene containing multiple PAS can generate a considerable number of transcript isoforms, thereby producing a highly diversified transcriptome ( Tian and Manley, 2013 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • The microarray analysis of drb2 also revealed a large set of gene transcripts that were significantly different from wild-type levels, but which are not thought to be the primary targets of miRNA-directed regulation ( Supplementary Fig. 3 ). (nature.com)
  • This study identified 420 PgMYB transcripts under 117 genes ID in the Jilin ginseng transcriptome database. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Eukaryotes have a mechanism termed alternative polyadenylation (APA), which allows the selective use of PAS in genes containing multiple PAS. (frontiersin.org)
  • However, mammal viruses, PPRV is highly pathogenic for its because the N gene is the most abundantly transcribed virus gene, sensitivity is better achieved with N mRNAs ( 12 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Role and regulation of ACC deaminase gene in Sinorhizobium meliloti: is it a symbiotic, rhizospheric or endophytic gene? (unifi.it)
  • Identification of novel Trichoderma hamatum genes expressed during mycoparasitism using subtractive hybridisation. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • A complex interaction between the cleavage and polyadenylation molecular complex and cis -elements determine the polyadenylation site, which may result in the choice of non-canonical sites, resulting in alternative polyadenylation events, involved in the regulation of more than 80% of the genes expressed in plants. (frontiersin.org)
  • Molecular structure and transformation of the glucose dehydrogenase gene in Drosophila melanogaster. (ncsu.edu)
  • Propelled by rapid advances in genomic technologies, recent studies with duckweed again highlight the potential of these small plants to enable discoveries in diverse fields from ecology to chronobiology. (osti.gov)
  • Removal of some heavy metals from polluted waters by aquatic plants: Studies on duckweed and water velvet. (nature.com)
  • Nitrate is a primary nitrogen source for plant growth, and previous studies have indicated a correlation between nitrogen and browning. (bvsalud.org)
  • Chemical studies on six medicinal plants of Sri Lanka namely Kaempferia galanga, Hibiscus abelmoschus, Piper longum, Anamirta cocculus , Berberis aristata and Coscinium fenestratum are reported in this thesis, Antimicrobial studies on K. galanga, H. abelmoschus, P. longum and A. cocculus were carried out. (who.int)
  • One of the challenges associated with expressing hydrolytic enzymes in plants is the prevention of detrimental effects of the enzymes on the plant host. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The piperine content in various parts of Piper longum (Piperaceae) plant, and its variation with maturity in the berries were studied by HPLC analysis. (who.int)
  • The use of specially selected and engineered metal-accumulating plants for environmental clean-up is an emerging technology called phytoremediation. (nature.com)
  • Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) 2023 9 337 122541. (cdc.gov)
  • Genes and antigens of parasites : a laboratory manual, the proceedings of a course held at the Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 14 November-17 December, 1983 / organized and edited by Carlos M. Morel. (who.int)