1992. Effect of tricresyl phosphate on humoral and cell-mediated immune responses in albino rats. (cdc.gov)
Three groups of 5 male and 5 female Sprague-Dawley albino rats received by stomach intubation with a ball-end stainless steel needle dose levels of 8, 4, 2 ml/kg bw and 4, 2, 1 ml/kg bw, respectively. (europa.eu)
Adult7
We show that activation of Neu3 sialidase, also known as Neuraminidase-3, causing conversion of GD1a and GT1b to GM1 ganglioside, is an essential step in regeneration occurring in PNS (sensory) but not CNS (retinal) axons in adult rat. (jneurosci.org)
Two series of experiments were performed to determine the possible involvement of Ca++ channels in the thermolytic action of ethanol administered at a room temperature of 22 degrees C. In one group of 11 adult female Sprague-Dawley rats, stainless steel guide cannulae were implanted stereotaxically above the lateral cerebral ventricle. (duke.edu)
Genes that are regulated in adult rats displaying neuropathic behaviour were compared to those regulated in young rats (10 days old) that did not show the same neuropathic behaviour. (biomedcentral.com)
The results show, for the first time, a major difference in the neuroimmune response to nerve injury in the dorsal root ganglion of young and adult rats. (biomedcentral.com)
In the present article, we perform cortical type analysis of the neocortex of adult rats, Rhesus macaques, and humans to propose hypotheses on homology of cortical areas applying the principles of the Hypothesis on the Dual Origin of the Neocortex. (springer.com)
These experiments investigate an increase in tumor growth that occurs in adult rats in vivo during an acute fast. (bvsalud.org)
Finally, underfeeding of adult rats raised the blood concentrations of these nutrients to values that were intermediate between those in fasted and fed rats. (bvsalud.org)
Mice5
Multiple studies conducted in rats and mice consistently demonstrate that the oral LD50 for xylene isomers (including mixed xylene) exceeds 2000 mg/kg bw. (europa.eu)
In making the overall evaluation, the Working Group considered the following evidence: (i) although the hypothesis linking the formation of mouse liver tumors with peroxisome proliferation is plausible, trichloroethylene also induced tumors at other sites in mice and rats. (who.int)
This very common change occurs in rats and mice (with rats more frequently affected) and tends to increase in incidence and severity with age. (nih.gov)
Male rodents are more frequently and extensively affected than females, which contributes to the sexual dimorphism (overall relatively larger lacrimal glands) of this organ in mice and especially in rats. (nih.gov)
Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Allyl Glycidyl Ether (CAS No. 106-92-3) in Osborne-Mendel Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Inhalation Studies). (nih.gov)
Stainless steel1
Housing: During the observation period the rats were housed in stainless steel hanging cages with up to two rats of the same sex and dosage group per cage. (europa.eu)
Vivo3
The assumption that in vivo bioavailability correlates with the in vitro bioaccessibility was verified in an in vivo blood kinetics study in rats, using three representative substances. (europa.eu)
To provide in vivo evidence that DJ‑1 is involved in the delayed cardioprotection induced by ischemic preconditioning (IPC) against oxidative stress caused by ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), the present study subjected male Sprague‑Dawley rats to IPC (3 cycles of 5‑min coronary occlusion/5‑min reperfusion) 24 h prior to I/R (30‑min coronary occlusion/120‑min reperfusion). (spandidos-publications.com)
Results: The study rats showed severe bronchoconstriction after allergen challenge compared to the naive rats, and ex vivo TNF-[alpha] and NO production was significantly higher in the sensitized rats. (indexarticles.com)
Initiation1
Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Magnetic Field Promotion (DMBA Initiation) in Female Sprague-Dawley Rats (Whole-Body Exposure/Gavage Studies). (nih.gov)
Consummatory1
2017) Female Sprague-Dawley rats display greater appetitive and consummatory responses to alcohol. (uh.edu)
Absorption, distribution, excretion, and metabolism of a single oral dose of [`"Cl tri-ortho-cresyl phosphate (TOCP) in the male rat. (cdc.gov)
other: Lack of coordination, prostration, loss of hindleg movement, and hunched posture were detected within 24 hours of dosing in male and female rats that received 4,000 or 6,000 mg/kg. (europa.eu)
Male and female rats that received 2,000 mg/kg had rough coats. (europa.eu)
Method: Twelve male, 12-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats were food restricted to 80% of their free-feeding weight. (cdc.gov)
The test substance was administered to groups of male and female Sprague Dawley rats by oral gavage and observed for a period of 14 days. (europa.eu)
In a study conducted in 1979, the test substance, cyclohexyldimethylamine (DMCHA) was evaluated for its ability to induce toxicity when administered to male and female Sprague Dawley rats via oral gavage. (europa.eu)
Final mean body weights (relative to those of the vehicle controls) were depressed 14%-22% for male and female rats that received 200, 400, or 600 mg/kg benzene. (europa.eu)
A dose-related leukopenia was observed for both male and female rats. (europa.eu)
Lymphoid depletion in the B-cell of the spleen was observed in 3/5 male and 4/5 female rats that received 200 mg/kg benzene and 5/5 male and 5/5 female rats that received 600 mg/kg benzene for 60 days and in 10/10 male and 10/10 female rats that received 600 mg/kg for 120 days. (europa.eu)
Increased extramedullary haematopoeisis was observed in the spleen of 4/5 male and 315 female rats that received 600 mg/kg for 120 days. (europa.eu)
Lacrimal gland - Karyomegaly in a male Osborne-Mendel rat from a chronic study. (nih.gov)
The effects of bisphenol A and nonylphenol on pubertal development in the intact juvenile/peripubertal male Sprague-Dawley rats was observed in this study from PND23-52/53. (afpm.org.my)
Male Sprague-Dawley rats aged 9 weeks were divided into sedentary and swimming groups for both 1- and 3-week experiments. (thieme-connect.com)
Induce2
2S flux values will induce similar responses in the ol- factory regions of rats and humans, a no-observed-adverse-effect- activity and increased tissue sulfide concentrations were ob- level human-equivalent concentration was estimated to be 5 ppm. (cdc.gov)
2021) Methamphetamine exposure and its cessation alter gut microbiota and induce depressive-like behavioral effects on rats. (uh.edu)
Tumors2
Fasting increased the rate of growth of the tumors 3 to 4 times over that measured in fed rats. (bvsalud.org)
Tumors from fed or fasted rats were not different in cellularity or dry weight/g wet weight. (bvsalud.org)
Doses1
Based on these composite observations, the doses were selected for rats for the 2-year study. (europa.eu)
LD501
The oral LD50 in rats was 3523 mg/kg/bw for males and greater than 4000 mg/kg/bw for females. (europa.eu)
Study4
This study has characterized the appearance and fate of newly formed oligodendrocytes in developing rat brain. (rupress.org)
However, the vitamin A liver concentration in the study rats was significantly lower compared to the naive rats. (indexarticles.com)
The rats were weighed at the beginning and end of the study, and their food intake was measured every other day. (indexarticles.com)
Allergic bronchitis was induced in the test group rats at the beginning of the study according to a protocol described by Du et al. (indexarticles.com)
Concentration1
We investigated the effect of sustained swimming exercise on the increase in monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) concentration and its ability to regulate pH homeostasis in rat erythrocytes. (thieme-connect.com)
Responses2
These simula- tions showed a good correlation between areas of high flux on treatment, pulp and paper processing, and petroleum and airway walls with olfactory epithelial responses in the rat nasal natural gas drilling and refining operations (ATSDR, 1999). (cdc.gov)
5) The asthmatic rats have early airway responses and late airway response in high prevalence, (6) showing high levels of specific IgE on active immunization (6) and airway eosinophilia. (indexarticles.com)
Laboratory3
1986. Comparison of laboratory and field methods for testing the toxicity of chemicals sorbed to sediments. (cdc.gov)
1988. Cytomegalic changes and "inclusions" in lacrimal glands of laboratory rats. (nih.gov)
In: Anatomy and Embryology of the Laboratory Rat, 2nd ed. (nih.gov)
2018) Naltrexone alters alcohol self-administration behaviors and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity in a sex-dependent manner in rats. (uh.edu)
2017) The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha agonist fenofibrate attenuates alcohol self-administration in rats. (uh.edu)
2015) Differential effects of ghrelin antagonists on alcohol drinking and reinforcement in mouse and rat models of alcohol dependence. (uh.edu)
Incidence1
To assess the global incidence and clinical effects of human trichinellosis, we analyzed outbreak report data for 1986-2009. (cdc.gov)
Acute2
Results and Discussion: All rats voluntarily and repeatedly pulled on a vibrating bar to achieve an acute vibration exposure similar to those studied with other preparations. (cdc.gov)
No stimulation was observed during an acute fast in either immature rats or in mature rats whose weights had been reduced by underfeeding. (bvsalud.org)
Genes1
2014) Sex and litter effects on anxiety and DNA methylation levels of stress and neurotrophin genes in adolescent rats. (uh.edu)
Inhibition2
2006), extrapolated from both lesion and NE data in rats and represents indicating that inhibition of cytochrome oxidase may be a likely a risk estimate that is science based and does not rely on simplified mode of action for toxicity. (cdc.gov)
In the next research, the response of MNU-induced rat mammary adenocarcinomas to vascular endothelial development element (VEGF) signalling inhibition was looked into using intrinsic susceptibility MRI, where image contrast depends on endogenous paramagnetic deoxyhaemoglobin that escalates the MRI transverse rest price R 2* (s?1) of drinking water in bloodstream and cells surrounding arteries. (idplink.net)
Groups1
Spatial learning and memory test revealed that H-Pb exposed animals presented high latency to the target quadrant and escape platform compared to other groups indicating H-Pb alters cognition function in rats. (afpm.org.my)
Increases1
1 Aoi W, Tsuzuki M, Fujie M, Iwashita S, Suzuki M. Sustained voluntary climbing exercise increases erythrocyte monocarboxylate transporter 1 in rats. (thieme-connect.com)
Recommendations1
Methods and Materials Animals, tumours, medication and anaesthesia formulation All tests had been performed relative to the neighborhood honest review -panel, the UK OFFICE AT HOME Animals Scientific Methods Act, 1986 as well as the UKCCCR recommendations (Workman et al , 2010). (idplink.net)
Humans1
Sanides developed this hypothesis based on his observations of the cortex of humans, non-human primates, cats, and rats and on the works of Raymon Dart ( 1934 ) on the cortex of reptiles and Andrew A. Abbie ( 1940 , 1942 ) on the cortex of marsupials and monotremes [see Table 2 in García-Cabezas et al. (springer.com)
Chronic2
Consistent with this, persistent mechanical allodynia does not develop in spared nerve injury (SNI) and chronic constriction injury (CCI) rat models of neuropathic pain, if the injury is performed younger than 4 weeks of age [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Hippocampal full-length dystrophin (Dp427) levels are upregulated in human TLE, but not in AK rats, possibly indicating a compensatory mechanism in the chronic epileptic human brain. (frontiersin.org)
Results1
2016). We extend these results here by showing that the probability of presynaptic vesicular release is reduced when an uncleaved α 2 δ is expressed in rat neurons and that this inhibitory effect is reversed when cleavage of α 2 δ is restored. (elifesciences.org)
Tissue1
Regional and cellular dystrophin distribution was evaluated in both human and rat hippocampi and in rat cerebellar tissue by immunofluorescent colocalization with neuronal (NeuN and calbindin) and glial (GFAP) markers. (frontiersin.org)
Weeks1
After 14 days, repeated allergen inhalation challenges were performed in the sensitized rats for 2 weeks. (indexarticles.com)
Effects3
However, with an adeq battery of necf expsre blmarkers, prospective studies of en- vironmental effects on pregnancy outcomes might be possible. (cdc.gov)
2013) A morphine conjugate vaccine attenuates the behavioral effects of morphine in rats. (uh.edu)
The effects of feeding, fasting, and underfeeding on the growth of Morris hepatomas 5123C and 7288CTC in Buffalo rats and of Walker carcinoma 256 and Jensen sarcoma in Sprague-Dawley rats were studied. (bvsalud.org)
Model5
of rats to 80 ppm resulted in full thickness necrosis of the Scaled kinetic parameters were incorporated into a human CFD model to predict H olfactory mucosa on the dorsal meatus (Brenneman et al. (cdc.gov)
We have performed a microarray analysis of the rat L4/L5 dorsal root ganglia (DRG), 7 days post spared nerve injury , a model of neuropathic pain. (biomedcentral.com)
Objective: To examine whether repeated allergen challenges could increase vitamin A consumption in a rat model. (indexarticles.com)
The Brown Norway (BN) rat model has been extensively characterized and appears to be among the best animal models thus far described. (indexarticles.com)
To elucidate whether allergic bronchitis interferes with vitamin A metabolism, we measured the vitamin A levels in the serum, the lung, and the liver following repeated allergen challenge in a rat model and compared them to normal rats. (indexarticles.com)
Human1
Dystrophin is ubiquitously expressed by astrocytes in the human and rat hippocampus and in the rat cerebellum. (frontiersin.org)
Control3
In addition, hippocampal dystrophin levels were estimated by Western blot analysis in biopsies from TLE patients, post-mortem controls, amygdala kindled (AK)-, and control rats. (frontiersin.org)
In rat hippocampus and cerebellum there were neither differences in dystrophin positive cell types, nor in the regional dystrophin distribution between AK and control animals. (frontiersin.org)
2.1-kb hGFAP promoter or a 1.5-kb rat neuron-speci®c enolase (rNSE) promoter (control vector) has been described elsewhere (Jakobsson et al. (lu.se)
Animals1
Design: Allergic bronchitis was induced in 12 animals, and 12 rats remained naive. (indexarticles.com)
Models1
To test this hypothesis, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models have been de- veloped to describe the uptake of inhaled H2S in rat nasal passages (Moulin et al. (cdc.gov)
Increase2
9) Allergen inhalation in sensitized BN rats causes an increase in production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-[alpha] and nitric oxide (NO) by alveolar macrophage and airways epithelial cells, and it can be inhibited by dexamethasone. (indexarticles.com)
These findings suggest that erythrocyte MCT1 is increased during erythropoiesis in bone marrow and that the increase of the transporter facilitates, at least partly, lactate/proton co-transport due to sustained swimming exercise in rats. (thieme-connect.com)
Areas2
We show that areas in the outer rings of the neocortex have comparable laminar elaboration in rats and primates, while most 6-layer eulaminate areas in the innermost rings of primate neocortex lack homologous counterparts in rats. (springer.com)
We simultaneously recorded local field potentials in the two areas as rats consumed liquid sucrose rewards. (elifesciences.org)
Rate2
Rats were dosed at a rate of 5 mL/kg bw. (europa.eu)
After refeeding tumor growth slowed to the rate in fed rats. (bvsalud.org)
Highly2
Highly inbred BN rats (n = 24) were obtained from Harlan. (indexarticles.com)
For example, a rat might respond in one of two choice ports to produce a highly valued reward, delivered from a separate reward port. (elifesciences.org)
Distribution1
We also represent the topological distribution of cortical types in simplified flat maps of the cerebral cortex of monotremes, rats, and primates. (springer.com)