EthanolToxicityFormaldehydeMetabolicEnergy metabolismOxidativeCarbonAlcoholConcentrationsRatsDifferencesProteinHumansBloodProductsClearCommonCancerCarcinogenicityDifferences in metabolismCarcinogensAccumulationDisulfiramCarcinogenicParticipatesPharmacokineticsLiverMutagenicityEnzymesEffectiveGrowthEffects
Ethanol7
- Metabolism of chloroform occurs primarily by cytochrome p-450-dependent pathways, with CYP2E1 (ethanol-inducible) being the primary isozyme responsible (Wang et al. (cdc.gov)
- Metabolism of ethanol in the human body is a two-step process (Equation 1), mediated by the enzymes alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH). (justia.com)
- It can be seen from Equation 1 that when the rate of the ALDH-catalyzed reaction (k 2 ) is not high enough to keep pace with the rate of the ALD-catalyzed dehydrogenation of ethanol (k 2 ), acetaldehyde will accumulate. (justia.com)
- Another means by which ethanol consumption may result in acetaldehydemia is by excessively rapid metabolism of ethanol (i.e., by increasing k 1 in Equation 1). (justia.com)
- The links between ethanol, both dietary and endogenous, and the liver are self-apparent, while acetaldehyde is involved in the alcohol dehydrogenase metabolic pathway. (owlstonemedical.com)
- 17 The ultimate electron acceptor in the fermentation of glucose to ethanol is: A) acetaldehyde. (mo-mag.cz)
- Alternatively, oxidation can proceed on removing hydrogen atoms from a molecule, such as when ethanol from toper beverages is converted to acetaldehyde nearby the bottle dehydrogenase. (yawatax.com)
Toxicity2
- Another unfortunate result of acute acetaldehyde toxicity, well known to heavy drinkers, is the hangover. (justia.com)
- [9] 4-hydroxybutaldehyde, even though it is an aldehyde, does not have the same organ toxicity associated with acetaldehyde. (psychonautwiki.org)
Formaldehyde1
- Soffritti M, Belpoggi F, Lambertin L, Lauriola M, Padovani M, Maltoni C. Results of long- term experimental studies on the carcinogenicity of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde in rats. (who.int)
Metabolic3
- The liver is at the heart of many key metabolic pathways in the body and, as such, the products of metabolism offer an ideal target for monitoring liver function and to detect the early signs of disease. (owlstonemedical.com)
- Combining experimental results from batch fermentations with genome analysis, reconstruction of central carbon metabolism and metabolic flux analysis (MFA), this study shed light on glucose catabolism of the thermophilic alkalitolerant bacterium C. celer . (biomedcentral.com)
- C. celer possesses a flexible fermentative metabolism that allows redistribution of fluxes at key metabolic nodes to simultaneously control redox state and efficiently harvest energy from substrate even under unfavorable conditions (i.e. low pH and high P H2 ). (biomedcentral.com)
Energy metabolism2
- Gradually, it became obvious that I was merely supplying the missing components of energy metabolism and that these children were simply repairing their own tissues with the extra energy that was available to their cells. (vitality101.com)
- 1980). Details of the anaerobic energy metabolism during ambient lack of oxygen have been excellently dealt with in two recent reviews by Schöttler (1980) and Zandee et al. (mo-mag.cz)
Oxidative1
- Many tumors have a low capacity for oxidative metabolism, so that much of the energy-yielding metabolism in the tumor is anaerobic. (mo-mag.cz)
Carbon2
- Regardless of the route of exposure, chloroform is excreted from the body primarily as expired carbon dioxide, although at higher concentrations, where metabolism is saturated, appreciable levels of parent compound may be exhaled as well (Brown et al. (cdc.gov)
- Based on Glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis Pathways at SGD and on Kruckeberg, AL and Dickinson, JR (2004) Carbon Metabolism in The Metabolism and Molecular Physiology of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Dickinson, JR and Schweizer, M, eds, CRC Press. (wikipathways.org)
Alcohol4
- It is well established that acetaldehyde is the culprit in hangovers and in alcohol-induced facial flushing, and it is the principal suspect in alcohol-associated cancers as well vide infra. (justia.com)
- Metabolism of ethanolamine and 1-aminopropan-2-ol in species of Erwinia and the roles of amino alcohol kinase and amino alcohol o- phosphate phospho-lyase in aldehyde formation. (qmul.ac.uk)
- It is a drug that modifies the metabolism of alcohol, which causes a considerable increase in the level of acetaldehyde in the blood. (essentialhospitals.org)
- The Disulfiram effect is due to the accumulation of acetaldehyde in the body (one of the components resulting from the metabolism of alcohol). (essentialhospitals.org)
Concentrations1
- High acute concentrations of acetaldehyde in vivo (acetaldehydemia) can lead to undesirable effects such as cardiovascular complications, drowsiness, nausea, headache, asthma and facial flushing, while chronic acetaldehydemia can lead to cirrhosis and esophageal cancer. (justia.com)
Rats1
- 1990). Interspecies differences in the rate of chloroform conversion were observed in mice, rats, and squirrel monkeys, with species differences in metabolism being highly dose-dependant. (cdc.gov)
Differences1
- Always start with lower doses due to differences between individual body weight, tolerance, metabolism, and personal sensitivity. (psychonautwiki.org)
Protein1
- Acetaldehyde decreases the ability of the protein tubulin to assemble into microtubules. (naturalhealthprotocol.com)
Humans1
- 1974). Similarly, chloroform metabolism was calculated to be slower in humans than in rodents. (cdc.gov)
Blood1
- In both cases, there is a reduction of k 2 in Equation 1, resulting in a failure to clear acetaldehyde from the blood as rapidly as it is formed, allowing its concentration to reach toxic levels. (justia.com)
Products1
- Acetaldehyde is produced in many fermented products. (naturalhealthprotocol.com)
Clear1
- Limonene is also known to have a clear link to liver metabolism and health as it is typically processed by the enzymes CYP2C9 and CYP2C19, predominantly found in the liver. (owlstonemedical.com)
Common1
- Other names in common use include indoleacetaldehyde oxidase, IAAld oxidase, AO1, and indole-3-acetaldehyde:oxygen oxidoreductase. (wikipedia.org)
Cancer1
- Interest in targeting polyamine metabolism as a potential strategy for cancer chemotherapy was stimulated in the early 1970s. (justia.com)
Carcinogenicity2
- The purpose of this bulletin is to disseminate recent information about the potential carcinogenicity of acetaldehyde and malonaldehyde. (cdc.gov)
- Soffritti M, Belpoggi F, Lambertin L, Lauriola M, Padovani M, Maltoni C. Results of long- term experimental studies on the carcinogenicity of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde in rats. (who.int)
Differences in metabolism2
- 1990). Interspecies differences in the rate of chloroform conversion were observed in mice, rats, and squirrel monkeys, with species differences in metabolism being highly dose-dependant. (cdc.gov)
- 1978), which implies that the greater carcinogenic potency of VB, may be related to kinetic differences in metabolism. (nih.gov)
Carcinogens3
- Acetaldehyde and malonaldehyde both meet the criteria of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) for classifying substances as potential occupational carcinogens [ Title 29 of the Code of Federal Regulations, Part 1990 ]. (cdc.gov)
- NIOSH therefore considers acetaldehyde and malonaldehyde to be potential occupational carcinogens and recommends that exposures to each be reduced to the lowest feasible concentration. (cdc.gov)
- It is possible that other occupational carcinogens remain undetected because they involve only a small increase in risk or because they simply have not been studied (Doll and Peto 1981). (iloencyclopaedia.org)
Accumulation2
- Disulfiram (dye sul' fi ram) is tetraethylthiuram disulfide and is a potent inhibitor of aldehyde dehydrogenase activity, which interferes with the oxidative metabolism of alcohol resulting in accumulation of acetaldehyde. (nih.gov)
- Accumulation of acetaldehyde in aldh2.1 -/- zebrafish causes increased retinal angiogenesis and impaired glucose metabolism. (nih.gov)
Disulfiram1
- The elevations in serum acetaldehyde levels cause the aversive symptoms of disulfiram which include flushing, headache, nausea, vomiting and sweating and can result in dizziness, blurred vision, dyspnea, palpitations, hypotension, chest pain and syncope. (nih.gov)
Carcinogenic2
- The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) has determined that acetaldehyde and malonaldehyde are potentially carcinogenic to occupationally exposed workers. (cdc.gov)
- Recent experiments suggest that acetaldehyde, the most common carcinogenic compound in tobacco smoke ( 17 , 18 ), enhances behavioral, endocrine and neuronal responses to nicotine in animals, most likely mediated by harman and salsolinol ( 19 - 21 ). (iiarjournals.org)
Participates2
- This enzyme participates in tryptophan metabolism. (wikipedia.org)
- Serine is important in metabolism in that it participates in the biosynthesis of purines and pyrimidines. (iiab.me)
Pharmacokinetics1
- Relevant information includes, but is not limited to dose response, route of exposure, chemical structure, metabolism, pharmacokinetics, sensitive sub populations, genetic effects, or other data relating to mechanism of action or factors that may be unique to a given substance. (nih.gov)
Liver1
- Acetaldehyde is a probable metabolite in the metabolism of malonaldehyde by rat liver mitochondria. (cdc.gov)
Mutagenicity1
- However, some studies indicate that their chemical reactivity and mutagenicity are similar to those of acetaldehyde and malonaldehyde. (cdc.gov)
Enzymes1
- Immune defects or immunosuppression, defects of carcinogen metabolism, or defects in DNA-repair enzymes underlie some cases of SCC. (medscape.com)
Effective1
- To confirm in an adequately-powered study the results of the previous RCT implicating that effective elimination of acetaldehyde in saliva by slow-release L-cysteine (Acetium® lozenge, Biohit Oyj, Helsinki), would assist in smoking cessation by reducing acetaldehyde-enhanced nicotine addiction. (iiarjournals.org)
Growth1
- During a growing season, crop plants are subjected to abiotic and biotic stresses that adversely affect growth, metabolism and yield. (springeropen.com)
Effects1
- Therefore, these data suggest that DKE exerts beneficial effects on high-fat diet-induced obesity by modulating lipid metabolism in mice fed a high-fat diet. (pnfs.or.kr)