• The corneal epithelium is composed of stratified squamous epithelial cells on the outer surface of the eye, which acts as a protective barrier and is critical for clear and stable vision. (wjgnet.com)
  • Ocular toxicology is dependent on the concentration of the drug, frequency of application, speed of removal, and whether the drug reaches sensitive cells such as the corneal endothelium, lens epithelium or macula in toxic concentrations. (entokey.com)
  • D. Goldberg , H. Ghandehari and P. Swaan, Cellular entry of G3.5 PAMAM dendrimers by clathrin- and dynamin- dependent endocytosis is required for tight junctional opening in intestinal epithelia, Pharm Res , 27(8) (2010), 1547-57. (umd.edu)
  • Solute absorption across the intestinal epithelium can be transcellular [i.e. through the intestinal cell (enterocyte), crossing the apical and basolateral membranes] or paracellular (i.e. crossing the epithelium between cells) ( Fig. 1 ). (silverchair.com)
  • The epidermis of the annelids consists of a monolayered epithelium, which contains glandular, supporting, ciliated, and sensory cells. (hindawi.com)
  • The distinct pattern of innervation of the glans emphasizes the role of the glans as a sensory structure. (cirp.org)
  • In 1971, Goldberg proposed a classification for sickle cell retinopathy. (medscape.com)
  • In the annelids, this mucous secretion also plays a fundamental role in the formation of the ground substance of tubes, protection from dehydration, absorption of metabolites, and protection against parasites [ 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Transcellular absorption: glucose from the lumen (top of the figure) can move across the epithelium by uptake via the Na + -coupled glucose transporter (SGLT1) in the brush border membrane (bbm), and then exit through the basolateral membrane (blm) via glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2). (silverchair.com)
  • Despite having increased acrolein UE, GSH concentrations in the respiratory epithelium of acrolein preexposed rats were higher at the end of the 80 min acrolein uptake experiment than their in naive rat counterparts, suggesting that an adaptive response in GSH metabolism occurred following acrolein preexposure. (cdc.gov)
  • Histopathologically, VX is characterized by papillary or verrucous projections associated with the proliferation of pavimentous stratified epithelium with hyperparakeratosis and numerous foamy cells (histiocytes) 1 . (bvsalud.org)
  • However, Tamoxifen Z isomer enters into the cell, competitively binding with ER to form receptor complexes, inhibiting that estrogen plays an role, and inhibiting proliferation of breast cancer cells. (lookchem.com)
  • It is believed that this local regulatory system plays an important role in the complex mechanisms governing the timing of folliculogenesis and whether a follicle becomes dominant or atretic. (glowm.com)
  • During inner ear development programmed cell death occurs in specific areas of the otic epithelium but the significance of it and the molecules involved have remained unclear. (biologists.com)
  • However, the physiologic significance of prostaglandin production did not unfold until 1971, when Vane, Smith, and Willis discovered that aspirin and indomethacin inhibited prostaglandin biosynthesis. (medscape.com)
  • The glandular cells in the surface epithelia secrete mucus that is rich in glycans, glycoproteins, and sialic acid residues [ 5 - 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • To date, the functional role of this specialized synapse remains elusive. (jneurosci.org)
  • In this context, the different staining patterns observed in epidermal mucous cells hinted at their functional roles with respect to production of mucus with different physical properties. (hindawi.com)
  • The encoded protein localizes to the basement membrane, forming a ternary complex that plays a role in epidermal-dermal interactions. (utsouthwestern.edu)
  • It also plays a key role in maintaining vision and might have effects against viruses. (medlineplus.gov)
  • If you'd like to increase your tear production naturally, you can't ignore the role of the parasympathetic nervous system! (vagusnervesupport.com)
  • Histologically, classic lesions such as necrosis of crypt epithelium, the shortening of villi and villous atrophy (Figure 1), giant cell formation as a sign of crypt regeneration and lymphatic depletions are found. (laboklin.com)
  • These findings suggest a prominent role for glutamate spillover in integration of inputs and synaptic transmission in the vestibular periphery. (jneurosci.org)
  • This protein is important for the integrity of skin and renal epithelia. (utsouthwestern.edu)
  • pylori and the acceptance of its role in the Susceptibility to metronidazole was deter- pathogenesis of peptic ulcer disease (PUD) (2), mined by disk diffusion in 1993 and the Epilipso- different regimens to eradicate this micro- meter-test (E-test) in 1994-1996. (cdc.gov)
  • Disruption of the Apaf1 gene led to a dramatic decrease in apoptosis in the inner ear epithelium, severe morphogenetic defects and a significant size reduction of the membranous labyrinth, demonstrating that an Apaf1-dependent apoptotic pathway is necessary for normal inner ear development. (biologists.com)
  • In contrast, decreased apoptosis was observed in specific locations that suffered from developmental deficits, indicating that proapoptotic isoform(s) produced from Bcl2l might have roles in inner ear development. (biologists.com)
  • Parvoviruses play a significant role as infectious agents in various species. (laboklin.com)
  • We propose that similar to other brain areas, such as the cerebellum and hippocampus, glutamate spillover may play a role in gain control of calyx afferents and contribute to their high-pass properties. (jneurosci.org)
  • 1 Most patients with AMD have only minor visual disturbances due to dry or non-exudative AMD (drusen and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) mottling or hyperplasia), however, approximately 10 % of AMD patients develop severe vision loss due to wet or exudative AMD. (touchophthalmology.com)
  • In this study, we investigated the expression of the gene encoding β-galactosidase (Glb)-1-like protein 3 (Glb1l3), a member of the glycosyl hydrolase 35 family, during retinal degeneration in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)-specific 65-kDa protein knockout ( Rpe65 −/− ) mouse model of Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA). (molvis.org)
  • Despite having increased acrolein UE, GSH concentrations in the respiratory epithelium of acrolein preexposed rats were higher at the end of the 80 min acrolein uptake experiment than their in naive rat counterparts, suggesting that an adaptive response in GSH metabolism occurred following acrolein preexposure. (cdc.gov)
  • Upon pneumococcal colonization or infection, the respiratory epithelium controls the bacterium through antimicrobial peptides, such as LL-37 and defensins ( Bals and Hiemstra, 2004 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • The epidermis of the annelids consists of a monolayered epithelium, which contains glandular, supporting, ciliated, and sensory cells. (hindawi.com)
  • The glandular cells in the surface epithelia secrete mucus that is rich in glycans, glycoproteins, and sialic acid residues [ 5 - 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Major light microscopic alterations observed were proliferation and hypertrophy of the terminal bronchiolar cells, consisting of ciliated and Clara cells, hypersecretion of the epithelial mucin in the goblet cells of both the bronchial and the proximal bronchiolar epithelium, hyperplasia of alveolar epithelium, mobilization of alveolar macrophages and occasional presence of peribronchial or bronchiolar chronic inflammation. (cdc.gov)
  • 9. MDM2 amplification in malignant Brenner tumors may play a role in progression to malignancy and aid in separation from urothelial and other ovarian carcinomas. (nih.gov)
  • 11. [Brenner tumor and tumors of transitional epithelium in the Müllerian system]. (nih.gov)
  • Our results support the dual origin hypothesis of HG-SOC, as we demonstrate that both epithelia can give rise to ovarian tumors with high-grade pathology. (nature.com)
  • Mouse models that enable targeted mutagenesis in oviduct epithelium (the equivalent of human FT) via the use of tissue-specific gene promoters (such as Pax8 or Ovgp1 ) have shown the ability of oviductal cells to transform into ovarian tumors 14 , 15 , 16 . (nature.com)
  • In this review, we summarize the current knowledge concerning the roles of Cd in tumor angiogenesis, with a focus on molecular mechanisms underlying the dose dependent effects of Cd on various EC phenotypes. (oncotarget.com)
  • Here, we summarize the current knowledge about AHR's role in skin carcinogenesis and focus on its impact on defense mechanisms, such as DNA repair, apoptosis and anti-tumor immune responses. (frontiersin.org)
  • Including the epithelia cells, these cells perform immunosurveillance, detecting pathogens and changes in the cytokine milieu. (nih.gov)
  • Minor epithelial cell types such as enteroendocrine, tuft, and cup cells may be scattered throughout epithelium but are not well visualized here. (comprehensivephysiology.com)
  • In 1962 researcher John Bertrand Gurdon at the University of Oxford in Oxford, England, conducted a series of experiments on the developmental capacity of nuclei taken from intestinal epithelium cells of feeding tadpoles. (asu.edu)
  • It is suggested that the neoplastic cells were transformed from type II alveolar epithelium via its hyperplastic form. (cdc.gov)
  • In this context, the different staining patterns observed in epidermal mucous cells hinted at their functional roles with respect to production of mucus with different physical properties. (hindawi.com)
  • The fallopian tube (murine oviduct) and ovarian surface epithelium (OSE) are considered the main candidate tissues of origin of this cancer. (nature.com)
  • This document explores the role of ETS in the etiology of cancers, including lung cancer and cancers other than lung, in nonsmokers. (druglibrary.net)
  • Second, we discuss the evidence on the role of ETS in the etiology of specific cancer sites. (druglibrary.net)
  • The evidence on ETS and cancer sites where the role of active smoking is equivocal ( e.g. , cancers of the breast, stomach, brain, and hematopoeitic system) is discussed in Section 7.4. (druglibrary.net)
  • Premalignant epithelium and microinvasive cancer of the vocal fold: the evolution of phonomicrosurgical management. (ijopl.com)
  • Background/Aim: Few studies have examined the genetic role of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) to early detection or prediction in gastric cancer development. (iiarjournals.org)
  • From the epidemiological viewpoint, dietary habits ( 5 , 6 ), Helicobacter pylori infection status ( 7 ), alcohol consumption ( 8 , 9 ), occupational exposures ( 10 - 12 ), obesity ( 13 ), and inherited genomic variations ( 14 ) may interact to play an important role in gastric cancer initiation and development but their contributions are largely unknown. (iiarjournals.org)
  • Moreover, a better understanding of the physiology of pancreatic acinar cell secretion and the role played by ZG in this process seems to be a prerequisite to comprehend the pathogenesis of pancreatic disorders, such as pancreatitis, cystic fibrosis or cancer (65). (pancreapedia.org)
  • The role of chemotherapy in the management of cancer of the oral tongue is still unclear. (medscape.com)
  • In the annelids, this mucous secretion also plays a fundamental role in the formation of the ground substance of tubes, protection from dehydration, absorption of metabolites, and protection against parasites [ 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • The advent of the post-genomic era had raised hopes that - similar to other areas of cell biology - a large number of ZG transport proteins would be identified and their role in pancreatic secretion would be elucidated. (pancreapedia.org)
  • In the following paragraphs, I first review significant advances in the characterization of ZG channels and transporters in the last decade and discuss their putative role in pancreatic acinar secretion ( Figure 1 ). (pancreapedia.org)
  • Aim1: Determine the roles and underlying mechanisms of PDE1C in the regulation of oxLDL accumulation and lysosomal permeabilization in synthetic SMCs in vitro. (rochester.edu)
  • pylori and the acceptance of its role in the Susceptibility to metronidazole was deter- pathogenesis of peptic ulcer disease (PUD) (2), mined by disk diffusion in 1993 and the Epilipso- different regimens to eradicate this micro- meter-test (E-test) in 1994-1996. (cdc.gov)
  • Recent epidemiological studies have suggested a role for hyperglycemia in the pathogenesis of a number of cancers. (hindawi.com)
  • According to Dr. Grant, "Clearly, scientific evidence supports most of what Quinn and colleagues consider misleading information ," and "Redoing their analysis would be worthwhile for Quinn and colleagues, armed with a better understanding of what is known about vitamin D's role in reducing risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 incidence, severity, and mortality. (grassrootshealth.net)
  • Indeed, recent studies have combined functional and molecular approaches to characterize ZG channels and transporters and their role in pancreas physiology. (pancreapedia.org)
  • Anything discussing the role of vitamin D in boosting immune health or helping to reduce inflammation. (grassrootshealth.net)
  • Learn more about the scientifically-proven roles of vitamin D in immune health and inflammation . (grassrootshealth.net)
  • Characteristics of these stages include: the role of olfactory plume and sniffing, the continuous renewal of Glomerulus receptors throughout the life cycle, and the relationship between the olfactory neuron and the glomerulus, and finally, the synthetic nature of glomerulus coding. (wikipedia.org)
  • During the late stages of cranial neurulation in mammalian embryos, the neural epithelium becomes concave. (silverchair.com)
  • The results suggest that contraction .of apical microfilament bundles plays an essential role in elevation of the neural folds and in the generation of concave curvature during the later stages of cranial neurulation. (silverchair.com)
  • function (Dalhamn & Rosengren, 1971). (cdc.gov)
  • Channels and Transporters in Zymogen Granule Membranes and their Role in Granule Function: Recent Progress and a Critical Assessment. (pancreapedia.org)
  • This extraskeletal calcium plays an essential role in such vital functions as nerve conduction, muscle contraction, blood clotting, and membrane permeability. (nih.gov)
  • Cellularization of the Drosophila embryo is a specialized form of cytokinesis that results in the formation of a polarized epithelium. (rupress.org)
  • 7. Daisley B.A., Monachese M., Trinder M., Bisanz J.E., Chmiel J.A., Burton J.P., Reid G. Immobilization of cadmium and lead by Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 mitigates apical-to-basolateral heavy metal translocation in a Caco-2 model of the intestinal epithelium. (nuu.uz)
  • Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a central role in the development of several chorioretinal vascular disorders including exuda-tive age-related macular degeneration (AMD). (touchophthalmology.com)
  • Folkman (1971) 5 first proposed that tumor growth depended on a soluble angiogenesis factor and Senger (1983) 6 subsequently discovered the vasopermeability factor. (touchophthalmology.com)
  • If hyperglycemia contributes to tumour growth and progression, then it is intuitive that antihyperglycemic drugs may also have an important antitumour role. (hindawi.com)
  • Two epidemiologists, scientists who study occurrence and distribution of disease, Richard Doll and Austin Bradford Hill, initiated the study, and statistician Richard Peto joined the team in 1971. (asu.edu)
  • It also plays a key role in maintaining vision and might have effects against viruses. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Here, we review bacterial and host factors, focusing on the role of neutrophils and their elastase, which contribute to the progression of pneumococcal pneumonia. (frontiersin.org)