AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsInformation Science
MumpsMumps virusMumps VaccineMeasles-Mumps-Rubella VaccineParotitisRubellaMeaslesRubella VaccineOrchitisRubulavirusVaccines, CombinedMeasles VaccineAntibodies, ViralMeningitis, AsepticEncyclopedias as TopicEpididymitisParotid Gland
Vaccines1971VaricellaOutbreak of mumps1989Mandated that 2 dosesNeil PappalardoDosesImmunization1972Viral illness causedRespiratory droplets1967CentersMulti-Programming SystemOnsetOutbreaksIllnessInfectionVaccination1969IncidenceInfectiousVirus20191970sSymptomsPersonsChairmanVersusYearAdultsAbstractPeopleChildrenSpreadIncludeDaysDataDirectPatientsTechnologyRiskResearchDevelopment
Vaccines8
  • Vaccines against some of the many viruses causing the common cold, as well as those causing rubella, mumps and other diseases are on the way. (sciencenews.org)
  • In 1971, vaccines against mumps and rubella were combined with the measles vaccine into one MMR shot. (sciencenews.org)
  • Serum Institute of India Ltd. established in the year 1966 is the world's largest producer of Measles and DTP group of vaccines. (biotechnologyforums.com)
  • The company manufactures life-saving Biologicals including Anti-Snake Venom and Tetanus Antitoxin serum, DTP (Diphtheria, Tetanus and Pertussis) and MMR (Measles, Mumps and Rubella) group of vaccines at affordable prices. (biotechnologyforums.com)
  • Ltd. is now the world's largest vaccine manufacturer by number of doses produced and sold globally (more than 1.5 billion doses) which includes Polio vaccine, Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis, Hib, BCG, r-Hepatitis B, Measles, Mumps, Rubella as well as Pneumococcal and Covid-19 vaccines. (avindarou.ir)
  • It should be noted, however, that these vaccines are not necessarily available - at the moment, for example, single-component vaccines against diphtheria, pertussis, measles, rubella and mumps are not authorized in the country - and that the Regions have actually purchased them (generally they cost Moreover). (mymodernparents.com)
  • BACKGROUND: In yellow fever (YF) endemic areas, measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR), and YF vaccines are often co-administered in childhood vaccination schedules. (cdc.gov)
  • Founded in 1966, Serum Institute of India is the top biotech company in the country and is now the world's largest manufacturer of life-saving vaccines by number of doses, thus saving the lives of more than 30 million mostly under-privileged children across the globe, who would have otherwise perished without the availability of affordable vaccines. (seruminstitute.com)
19713
  • Versions of the MUMPS system were rewritten by technical leaders Dennis "Dan" Brevik and Paul Stylos of DEC in 1970 and 1971. (wikipedia.org)
  • In 1971, a combined measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine was licensed for use in the United States. (cdc.gov)
  • Taken between 1966 and 1971, this photograph depicts a Smallpox Eradication Program laboratorian seated in his laboratory conducting a smallpox-related investigation, located in a suburb of Lagos, Nigeria known as Yaba, during that country's Smallpox Immunization Campaign of the 1960s and 1970s. (cdc.gov)
Varicella3
  • Mumps is not as easily transmitted as measles or varicella (i.e., airborne transmission). (cdc.gov)
  • 1 From July 2013, the second dose has been rescheduled to 18 months due to the introduction of the measles-mumps-rubella-varicella vaccine. (who.int)
  • She is an internationally recognized expert in vaccine-preventable diseases including measles, mumps, rubella, varicella, and herpes zoster. (cdc.gov)
Outbreak of mumps2
  • An outbreak of mumps occurred in Iowa, with 219 cases reported in 2006. (medscape.com)
  • Assess the effectiveness of the MMR vaccine as postexposure prophylaxis during an outbreak of mumps. (cdc.gov)
19894
  • [ 7 ] . Since the introduction of the two-dose MMR vaccination in 1989, US mumps cases decreased more than 99%, with only a few hundred cases reported each year. (medscape.com)
  • In 1977, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommended 1 mumps vaccine dose for routine childhood vaccination, and in 1989, the committee recommended that 2 doses of measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine be given to school-aged children and select high-risk groups for improved measles control ( 5 ). (cdc.gov)
  • These revised recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) on measles, mumps, and rubella prevention supersede recommendations published in 1989 and 1990. (cdc.gov)
  • 1 In 1989, measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine was included on the schedule for all infants 12 months of age, with a second dose being included soon after, originally for children aged 10-14 years. (who.int)
Mandated that 2 doses1
Neil Pappalardo3
  • MUMPS was developed by Neil Pappalardo, Robert Greenes, and Curt Marble in Dr. Octo Barnett's lab at the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) in Boston during 1966 and 1967. (wikipedia.org)
  • Octo Barnett and Neil Pappalardo obtained a backward compatible PDP-9, and began using MUMPS in the admissions cycle and laboratory test reporting. (wikipedia.org)
  • The company's origins date back to 1966 when A. Neil Pappalardo began assisting with the development of the Massachusetts General Hospital Utility Multi-Programming System (MUMPS, or more simply M) programming language at that medical center's computer lab. (techtarget.com)
Doses7
  • Persons born during or since 1966 should be encouraged to have measles/mumps/rubella ( MMR ) vaccine before embarking on international travel, if they have not had 2 doses of the vaccine in the past. (welltogo.com.au)
  • Document at least two doses of a measles-containing vaccine for all staff born since 1966. (startnursingservices.com.au)
  • Those born prior to 1966 are considered immune.If in doubt, offer two doses of MMR vaccine a minimum of one month apart. (startnursingservices.com.au)
  • To protect yourself against measles, you need two doses of measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine. (kidsresearch.org.au)
  • Anyone born since 1966 has also been recommended to receive two doses. (who.int)
  • A Victorian Government funded measles-containing vaccine program is available for all adults born during or since 1966 and aged from 20 years without evidence of two documented doses of valid MMR vaccine or without serological evidence of immunity. (vic.gov.au)
  • Anyone in NSW born during or after 1966 who does not have evidence of having received two doses in the past can access free measles vaccine from their GP (all ages) or pharmacies (people over 12 years of age). (outbreaknewstoday.com)
Immunization1
  • During outbreaks, mumps can affect vaccinated individuals, but prior immunization helps to limit the symptoms, duration, and spread of mumps. (medscape.com)
19721
  • In the Fall of 1972, many MUMPS users attended a conference in Boston which standardized the then-fractured language, and created the MUMPS Users Group and MUMPS Development Committee (MDC) to do so. (wikipedia.org)
Viral illness caused2
  • Mumps is an acute viral illness caused by a paramyxovirus that typically presents as swelling of the parotid (parotitis) or other salivary gland[s]. (cdc.gov)
  • Mumps is a contagious viral illness caused by the paramyxovirus. (medscape.com)
Respiratory droplets2
  • Mumps virus is transmitted person to person through direct contact with saliva or respiratory droplets of a person infected with mumps (i.e., droplet transmission). (cdc.gov)
  • The mumps virus is transmitted by respiratory droplets, direct contact, or contaminated fomites. (medscape.com)
19672
  • The mumps vaccine was introduced in 1967, and the disease became nationally reportable in 1968. (medscape.com)
  • As a result of initial demonstration of capabilities, Dr. Barnett's proposal to NIH in 1967 for renewal of the hospital computer project grant took the bold step of proposing that the system be built in MUMPS going forward, rather than relying on the BBN approach. (wikipedia.org)
Centers1
  • In 1966, the US Centers for Disease Control (CDC) announced an effort to end measles. (anthem.com)
Multi-Programming System2
  • MUMPS ("Massachusetts General Hospital Utility Multi-Programming System"), or M, is an imperative, high-level programming language with an integrated transaction processing key-value database. (wikipedia.org)
  • Forty-percent of the U.S. population stores its heath data in an Epic EHR, which is based on the MUMPS (Multi-User Multi-Programming System) database --a technology that was designed in 1966. (huffpost.com)
Onset4
  • A person with mumps is considered infectious from 2 days before through 5 days after parotitis onset. (cdc.gov)
  • 22] Although mumps virus has been isolated from 7 days before through 11-14 days after parotitis onset,[22-24] the highest percentage of RT-PCR positive results and the highest virus loads occur closest to parotitis onset and decrease rapidly thereafter. (cdc.gov)
  • During the 2009-2010 mumps outbreak in the northeastern United States, we assessed effectiveness of PEP with a third dose of MMR vaccine among contacts in Orthodox Jewish households who were given a third dose within 5 days of mumps onset in the household's index patient. (cdc.gov)
  • We compared mumps attack rates between persons who received a third MMR dose during the first incubation period after onset in the index patient and 2-dose vaccinated persons who had not. (cdc.gov)
Outbreaks3
  • Sporadic mumps outbreaks have occurred among susceptible individuals in various settings, including military posts, schools, colleges and universities, and summer camps. (medscape.com)
  • CDC data showed that two large mumps outbreaks occurred in 2009-2010. (medscape.com)
  • ACIP does not recommend administering MMR vaccine during mumps outbreaks as postexposure prophylaxis (i.e., vaccine administered during a brief window after exposure to prevent mumps infection) ( 5 ). (cdc.gov)
Illness2
  • Mumps is an acute, viral illness that classically is manifested as parotitis and can cause severe complications, including encephalitis ( 1 ), deafness ( 2 , 3 ), and orchitis ( 4 ). (cdc.gov)
  • The presence of Beau's lines at the same level in all nails suggests a systemic cause (e.g. severe or febrile illness, cytotoxic drugs, erythroderma, myocardial infarction, measles, mumps or pneumonia). (tangsclinical.com)
Infection4
  • Mumps reinfection in patients who previously had natural infection or recurrent mumps (parotid swelling resolves and then weeks to months later occurs on the same or other side) can also occur. (cdc.gov)
  • Mumps infection may present only with nonspecific or primarily respiratory symptoms or may be asymptomatic. (cdc.gov)
  • The source of the infection was a student who returned from the United Kingdom during a large mumps outbreak in that country. (medscape.com)
  • People born prior to 1966 are likely to have had measles infection and are generally considered immune. (outbreaknewstoday.com)
Vaccination3
  • The variations in the number of persons who receive the mumps vaccination worldwide make it difficult to estimate the numbers affected. (medscape.com)
  • Blood samples obtained pre-vaccination and 28 days post-vaccination were tested for immunoglobulin G antibodies against measles, mumps, and rubella, and for YF virus-specific neutralizing antibodies. (cdc.gov)
  • Marché du vaccin et l' avenir des programmes de vaccination en Afrique : séminaire-atelier, 8-10 décembre 1992, Centre international de l' enfance, Paris / Nicole Guérin, Miloud Kaddar, Antoine de Champeaux. (who.int)
19691
  • When MUMPS became commercially available in 1969, Pappalardo founded Meditech. (techtarget.com)
Incidence2
  • Mumps occurs worldwide, with a peak incidence during late winter to early spring. (medscape.com)
  • U.S. Public Health Service year 2000 objectives include eliminating measles, rubella, and congenital rubella syndrome, and reducing mumps incidence to less than 500 reported cases per year. (cdc.gov)
Infectious1
  • having direct contact with a mumps patient's infectious respiratory secretions by droplet transmission (e.g., kissing, sharing saliva-contaminated objects like water bottles, or being coughed or sneezed on). (cdc.gov)
Virus5
  • The incubation period ranges from 12-25 days, but parotitis typically develops 16 to 18 days after exposure to mumps virus. (cdc.gov)
  • A carrier state of mumps virus in human conjunctiva cells. (wikidata.org)
  • Preparado de virus de la rubéola vivos atenuados que se desarrolla en embrión de pato o en cultivos tisulares de células diploides humanas. (bvsalud.org)
  • Se emplea en la vacunación sistemática de los niños, y en la vacunación de mujeres adolescentes y adultas en edad de procrear que no estén embarazadas, no hayan sido vacunadas previamente y carezcan de anticuerpos contra el virus de la rubéola. (bvsalud.org)
  • Molecular evidence for the role of mumps virus as an etiologic agent. (medscape.com)
20191
  • From January 1 to March 29, 2019, 34 states and the District of Columbia reported mumps infections in 426 people to the CDC. (medscape.com)
1970s1
  • By the early 1970s, there were many and varied implementations of MUMPS on a range of hardware platforms. (wikipedia.org)
Symptoms1
  • 27] No studies have assessed peak infectiousness in mumps patients who do not have parotitis (e.g., patients who only have nonspecific respiratory symptoms or only have complications like orchitis). (cdc.gov)
Persons2
  • Mumps can occur in a person who is fully vaccinated, but vaccinated persons are at much lower risk for mumps and mumps complications. (cdc.gov)
  • The United Kingdom reported an epidemic of mumps in 2005, with 56,390 cases reported in persons aged 15-24 years who were not vaccinated. (medscape.com)
Chairman1
Versus1
  • Mumps attack rates were 0% among third-dose recipients versus 5.2% among 2-dose recipients without PEP (p = 0.57). (cdc.gov)
Year1
  • Lotter (1966) examined eight-to ten-year-olds in Middlesex, UK, and estimated 4.5 per 10,000 children. (vaxxter.com)
Adults1
  • 11-14] Among vaccinated patients, complications of mumps are uncommon but occur more frequently among adults than children, mainly due to higher rates of orchitis among post-pubertal males. (cdc.gov)
Abstract1
  • MUMPS was then an interpreted language, yet even then, incorporated a hierarchical database file system to standardize interaction with the data and abstract disk operations so they were only done by the MUMPS language itself. (wikipedia.org)
People2
  • People aged in their 20s to early 50s (those born from 1966 and 1994) are most likely to have only had one dose of MMR vaccine. (kidsresearch.org.au)
  • Offer free measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine to all eligible people born during or since 1966. (emphn.org.au)
Children3
  • Prior to the vaccine about 50% of children contracted mumps. (medscape.com)
  • The measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine is safe and is included on the National Immunisation Program for children at 12 and 18 months of age. (outbreaknewstoday.com)
  • Children are usually immunized with measles-mumps-rubella combination vaccine. (bvsalud.org)
Spread2
  • Mumps typically requires close contact to spread, especially among vaccinated populations. (cdc.gov)
  • Word about MUMPS spread mostly through the medical community, and was in widespread use, often being locally modified for their own needs. (wikipedia.org)
Include2
  • The MUMPS team chose to include portability between machines as a design goal. (wikipedia.org)
  • Subsequently, the goals of the initiative were extended to include reducing the number of reported mumps cases to less than or equal to 1600 by 1996. (cdc.gov)
Days1
  • MUMPS was also used in its earliest days in an experimental clinical progress note entry system and a radiology report entry system. (wikipedia.org)
Data3
  • Although the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine is not recommended for mumps postexposure prophylaxis (PEP), data on its effectiveness are limited. (cdc.gov)
  • MUMPS was soon ported to a number of other systems including the popular DEC PDP-8, the Data General Nova and on DEC PDP-11 and the Artronix PC12 minicomputer. (wikipedia.org)
  • Survey: NHES II * Years: 1966-1970 * Questionnaire: Extended Data Tapes * Tape Number: 3EDT * * Code Created By: CDC/IMB * * DESCRIPTION: This file is provided as a starting point to perform advanced * statistical queries on the survey data. (cdc.gov)
Direct1
  • MUMPS-based information systems run over 40% of the hospitals in the U.S., run across all of the U.S. federal hospitals and clinics, and provide health information services for over 54% of patients across the U.S.[citation needed] A unique feature of the MUMPS technology is its integrated database language, allowing direct, high-speed read-write access to permanent disk storage. (wikipedia.org)
Patients1
  • 8] About half of patients with mumps orchitis develop testicular atrophy of the affected testicles. (cdc.gov)
Technology1
  • MUMPS technology has since expanded as the predominant database for health information systems and electronic health records in the United States. (wikipedia.org)
Risk2
  • 15,16] While there is a theoretical risk for temporary sterility or subfertility from oligospermia, azoospermia, or asthenospermia among men with mumps orchitis,[15] no studies have assessed risk for permanent infertility. (cdc.gov)
  • MUMPS programs do not have a standard way to refer to memory directly at all, in contrast to C language, so since the multitasking was enforced by the language, not by any program written in the language it was impossible to have the risk that existed for other systems. (wikipedia.org)
Research1
  • The portability proved to be useful and MUMPS was awarded a government research grant, and so MUMPS was released to the public domain which was a requirement for grants. (wikipedia.org)
Development1
  • MUMPS came out of an internal "skunkworks" project at MGH by Pappalardo, Greenes, and Marble to create an alternative development environment. (wikipedia.org)