AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsInformation ScienceHealth Care
Cell Deathbeta-Adrenergic Receptor KinasesG-Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase 2G-Protein-Coupled Receptor KinasesG-Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase 5G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase 3ApoptosisCause of DeathProtein-Serine-Threonine KinasesProtein KinasesPhosphatidylinositol 3-KinasesCyclic AMP-Dependent Protein KinasesSignal TransductionMAP Kinase Signaling SystemPhosphorylationCaspasesG-Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase 4G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase 1Cell SurvivalDeathProtein Kinase InhibitorsCell LineEnzyme ActivationCell Line, TumorCalcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein KinasesCells, CulturedProtein-Tyrosine KinasesMolecular Sequence DataCaspase 3src-Family KinasesNecrosisProtein Kinase CReceptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinasesp38 Mitogen-Activated Protein KinasesJNK Mitogen-Activated Protein KinasesTransfectionProto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2MutationBlotting, WesternAmino Acid SequenceDNA FragmentationTime FactorsMitochondriaMitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1AutophagyProto-Oncogene ProteinsMitogen-Activated Protein Kinase KinasesMitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3ArrestinsReceptor, InsulinReactive Oxygen SpeciesIn Situ Nick-End LabelingTumor Cells, CulturedKineticsCaspase InhibitorsEnzyme InhibitorsProtein BindingDeath, Sudden, CardiacNeuronsMitogen-Activated Protein Kinasesbcl-2-Associated X ProteinMAP Kinase Kinase KinasesDose-Response Relationship, DrugRecombinant ProteinsBase SequenceExtracellular Signal-Regulated MAP KinasesAntigens, CD95p21-Activated KinasesModels, BiologicalRNA, MessengerProtein Structure, TertiaryMice, Inbred C57BLCell ProliferationRNA, Small InterferingBrain DeathTyrosineCyclin-Dependent KinasesProto-Oncogene Proteins c-aktMice, KnockoutApoptosis Regulatory ProteinsMAP Kinase Kinase 4Antineoplastic AgentsCDC2 Protein KinaseCell DivisionRecombinant Fusion ProteinsDown-RegulationCell CycleeIF-2 KinaseArabidopsis ProteinsCreatine KinaseMembrane ProteinsAmino Acid Chloromethyl KetonesGene Expression RegulationCell MembraneImmunoblottingRats, Sprague-DawleyArabidopsisIsoenzymesCytochromes cCalcium
EpidermalInhibitorTyrosine kinasesInhibitorsProliferationAnaplasticAntibodyApoptosisProtein kinasesNSCLCPI3KPathwayCellularMutationBlockadeJAK1Ligand 1 ExpressionSignal transductionPhosphoinositideInducibly expressed on activatedEffectorChemotherapyPhosphatidylinositolCytoplasmicMechanismsInhibitsMLKLEpithelialSurvivalEfficacyIntracellularToll-like RecProgressionInflammatoryProteinsAntibodiesDevelopmentalAdenocarcinomaDownstreamLungTumorsEstrogen receptorInterleukinCytotoxicNuclearPatientsApoptoticRegulatoryExpressionCytokinesImmunotherapyExtracellularInducesResponsesMelanomaMediatesActivatesInhibitoryOncogenicStimuliRegulation
Epidermal14
  • The effectiveness of combining anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and chemotherapy has been evaluated as superior to that of chemotherapy alone in the patients with advanced epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI)-resistant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). (nih.gov)
  • We report a case of a 38-year-old woman who was diagnosed with stage IV lung adenocarcinoma, harboring an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) L858R mutation on exon 21 and a T790 M mutation on exon 20. (nih.gov)
  • A Somatic Mutation Signature Predicts the Best Overall Response to Anti-programmed Cell Death Protein-1 Treatment in Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor/Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase-Negative Non-squamous Non-small Cell Lung Cancer. (cdc.gov)
  • This phase I, first-in-human study evaluated oleclumab (MEDI9447), an anti-CD73 human IgG1λ monoclonal antibody, alone or with durvalumab in patients with advanced colorectal cancer (CRC), pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), or epidermal growth factor receptor-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). (bvsalud.org)
  • Efficacy and safety of programmed cell-death-protein-1 and its ligand inhibitors in pretreated patients with epidermal growth-factor receptor-mutated or anaplastic lymphoma kinase-translocated lung adenocarcinoma. (g-f-p-c.org)
  • MUC3A is a potent regulator of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) stability, and MUC3A deficiency downregulates the activation of the PI3K/Akt and MAPK pathways, which subsequently reduces the expression of PD-L1. (ijbs.com)
  • Previous studies suggested that stable expression of mutated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in immortalized bronchial epithelial cells promoted PD-L1 expression, and that EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) inhibited PD-L1 expression in EGFR-mutant NSCLC cells [ 3 ]. (ijbs.com)
  • In addition, epidermal growth factor (EGF) was reported to induce PD-L1 expression through the IL‐6/JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway in EGFR-mutant NSCLC cells [ 4 ]. (ijbs.com)
  • Key Exclusion Criteria: - Patients who have documentation of any of the following: - epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) mutation - anaplastic lymphoma kinase ( ALK ) fusion oncogene or - ROS1 rearrangement - Patients who have received more than 1 prior line of systemic therapy in the advanced/metastatic setting. (mycancergenome.org)
  • 2. [Correlation Study on Expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mutations]. (nih.gov)
  • 4. Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) Pathway, Yes-Associated Protein (YAP) and the Regulation of Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1) in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). (nih.gov)
  • 10. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and nuclear factor-κB play important roles in regulating programmed cell death ligand 1 expression by epidermal growth factor receptor mutants in non-small-cell lung cancer cells. (nih.gov)
  • therapeutic_agents C1909 therapeutic_agents C C177537 GDC Value Terminology C116377 Osimertinib A third-generation, orally available, irreversible, mutant-selective, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. (nih.gov)
  • Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): Participants whose tumors have a known sensitizing epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation must also have experienced disease progression (during or after treatment) or have an intolerance to treatment with an EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor(s). (who.int)
Inhibitor26
  • Both assessed the combination of the investigational checkpoint inhibitor durvalumab (under development by AstraZeneca), a human IgG1 anti-programmed cell death ligand (PD-L) 1 antibody, with a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) in patients with endothelial growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) mutation- positive NSCLC, but the TKI was different in each case. (medscape.com)
  • The patient was treated with osimertinib, a third-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) following treatment with nivolumab, an anti-Programmed Cell Death 1 (anti-PD1) antibody. (nih.gov)
  • Approximately 100 mg of plant material were extracted in 0.2 ml of homogenization buffer (250 mM sucrose, 50 mM HEPES-KOH pH 7.5, 0.5% Triton X-100, 5% glycerol, 50 mM Na4P2O7, 1 mM Na2MoO4, 25 mM NaF, 2 mM DTT, Sigma plant protease inhibitor cocktail) with a glass pistil and a small amount of sand in an 1.5ml Eppendorf tube. (agrisera.com)
  • Pan-TAM Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor BMS-777607 Enhances Anti-PD-1 mAb Efficacy in a Murine Model of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. (nih.gov)
  • In this study, we tested combinations of TAM inhibitors and PD-1 mAbs in a syngeneic orthotopic E0771 murine triple-negative breast cancer model, whereby tumor-bearing mice were treated with pan-TAM kinase inhibitor (BMS-777607) or anti-PD-1 alone or in combination. (nih.gov)
  • Although monotherapeutic administration of either pan-TAM kinase inhibitor (BMS-777607) or anti-PD-1 mAb therapy showed partial antitumor activity, combined treatment of BMS-777607 with anti-PD-1 significantly decreased tumor growth and incidence of lung metastasis. (nih.gov)
  • to signal through PD-1 on T effector cells to prevent excessive activation AS-605240 inhibitor database and decrease autoimmune joint disease (Hamel et al. (biopaqc.com)
  • In this scholarly study, we present that PD-1 insufficiency potentiates the introduction of CIA in B6 mice, with an AS-605240 inhibitor database increase of antigen-specific T cell proliferation and interleukin (IL)-17 creation. (biopaqc.com)
  • inhibitor experiments, T Cell Recall Responses At the end of CIA, mice were sacrificed and draining lymph nodes were collected. (biopaqc.com)
  • CD4+ T cells were isolated from lymph nodes using mouse CD4+ T cell isolation kits (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN) and co-cultured AS-605240 inhibitor database with irradiated WT T cell-depleted splenocytes as feeder cells in the presence of different concentrations of CII. (biopaqc.com)
  • We investigated the impact of modulating ITK signaling with ibrutinib, an FDA-approved tyrosine kinase inhibitor, and found that anti-OX40/anti-CTLA-4/ibrutinib therapy further enhanced CD8 + T cell-specific Eomes expression, leading to enhanced tumor regression and improved survival, both of which were associated with increased T-cell effector function across multiple tumor models. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Furthermore, a combinatorial immunotherapy approach combining the MyD88 inhibitor with anti-PD-1 blockade elicited strong antitumor effects. (aacrjournals.org)
  • TGF- stimulates interleukin 1 receptor associated kinase M (IRAK-M), a toll-like receptor signaling inhibitor, expression in TAMs to promote immune evasion in lung tumors [128]. (azd1152.com)
  • TAMs interact with CD8+ T cells to trap them in the tumor stroma and TAM depletion using a CSF-1R inhibitor increased CD8+ T cell migration and infiltration into tumors [136]. (azd1152.com)
  • To examine the efficacy of combining BRAF inhibitors with immunotherapies, we have used the relatively BRAF inhibitor-resistant SM1 cell line derived from mice transgenic for the mutation. (thetechnoant.info)
  • Patients who are either treatment-naïve, OR who have received 1) first-line treatment with standard platinum-based chemotherapy, OR 2) first-line treatment with an anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death protein ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitor given alone or in combination with platinum-based chemotherapy will be enrolled. (mycancergenome.org)
  • Using flow cytometry methods, we further confirmed that ALO significantly promotes apoptosis in SK-N-AS and U118 cell lines, similar to the effect induced by ABT-737, a well-known Bcl2 inhibitor. (peerj.com)
  • Taken together, these findings suggest that the natural agent ALO effectively enhances apoptosis by acting as a potential Bcl2 inhibitor in human glioma cells. (peerj.com)
  • In 2019 the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted accelerated approval to BALVERSA ® , with a companion diagnostic, as a once-daily oral FGFR kinase inhibitor for patients with mUC that have susceptible FGFR3 and FGFR2 genetic alterations and who have progressed during or following at least one line of prior platinum-containing chemotherapy, including within 12 months of neoadjuvant or adjuvant platinum-containing chemotherapy. (jnj.com)
  • 6. A Phase II Study of Pembrolizumab in EGFR-Mutant, PD-L1+, Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Naïve Patients With Advanced NSCLC. (nih.gov)
  • The multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (mTKI) sorafenib has been the standard of care for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) for more than a decade. (bmj.com)
  • The investigational tyrosine kinase inhibitor lenvatinib reduced disease progression by 79%, as compared to placebo, in patients with metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer that is refractory to radioactive iodine in the phase III SELECT trial. (ascopost.com)
  • ENMD-2076 is an orally active Aurora A/angiogenic kinase inhibitor with a unique. (ascopost.com)
  • The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted accelerated approval to belinostat (Beleodaq), a histone deacetylase inhibitor, for the treatment of patients with relapsed or refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma, a rare and fast-growing type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). (ascopost.com)
  • Cabozantinib (C) is an inhibitor of multiple receptor tyrosine kinases involved in tumor cell proliferation, neovascularization, and immune cell regulation, including MET, VEGFRs, and TAM family of kinases (TYRO3, MER, and AXL). (esmo.org)
  • VIJOICE is a kinase inhibitor indicated for the treatment of adult and pediatric patients 2 years of age and older with severe manifestations of PIK3CA-Related Overgrowth Spectrum (PROS) who require systemic therapy. (nih.gov)
Tyrosine kinases3
  • Raf and Akt), cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases (e.g. (technologynetworks.com)
  • Several mechanisms of resistance to BRAF inhibitors have been discovered, which can either reactivate the MAPK pathway through upstream mutations in NRAS, amplification or truncation of BRAF, downstream mutations in MEK, or upregulation of COT (5C10) or through the activation of alternate survival pathways downstream of upregulated receptor tyrosine kinases (5, 11, 12). (thetechnoant.info)
  • Fibroblast growth factor receptors are a family of receptor tyrosine kinases that can be activated by genetic alterations in a variety of tumor types, potentially leading to increased tumor cell growth and survival. (jnj.com)
Inhibitors17
  • GENEVA - Combining immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been called into question following two investigations in which encouraging responses were counterbalanced by high rates of adverse events. (medscape.com)
  • METHODS: Eligible patients were ≥ 18 years old, had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status ≤ 1, and were treatment-naive for anti-programmed cell death-1, its ligand, or transforming growth factor ß receptor 1 kinase inhibitors. (bvsalud.org)
  • Immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting the programmed cell death 1 receptor (PD-1) improve survival in a subset of patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). (johnshopkins.edu)
  • Recent clinical trials have targeted specific pathways implicated in the pathogenesis of IPF and these have included γ-interferon, endothelin receptor antagonists, antioxidants, etanercept, pirfenidone and tyrosine kinase inhibitors 1 - 6 . (ersjournals.com)
  • These findings indicate that MyD88 regulates TAM-immunosuppressive activity, suggesting that macrophage-mediated immunotherapy combining MYD88 inhibitors with PD-1 blockade could result in better treatment outcomes in a wide variety of cancers. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Furthermore, knockdown of MUC3A and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in EGFR-mutant NSCLC cells play a synergistic effect on inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis in vitro . (ijbs.com)
  • BRAF inhibitors cause programmed cell death in melanoma cells lines by interrupting oncogenic BRAFV600E signaling through the MAPK pathway governing cell proliferation and survival. (thetechnoant.info)
  • However, biopsies from some patients treated with BRAF inhibitors have increased CD8+ T cell infiltrates in their tumors soon after therapy (13), suggesting the engagement of a host immune response in regressing tumors. (thetechnoant.info)
  • The scientific rationale for combinations of targeted therapies and immunotherapy is based on the notion that pharmacological interventions with specific inhibitors of oncogenic events in cancer cells could sensitize cancer cells to immune attack, which has been termed immunosensitization (14). (thetechnoant.info)
  • BRAF inhibitors meet most of the criteria of immune-sensitizing agents by selectively inhibiting a driver oncogene in cancer cells (15), which is neither present nor required for the function of lymphocytes (16). (thetechnoant.info)
  • Theoretically, the antitumor activity of BRAF inhibitors may increase the expression of tumor antigens directly by tumor cells (17) or enhance the cross-presentation of tumor antigens from dying cells to antigen-presenting cells. (thetechnoant.info)
  • This LIFR approach has allowed us to test the role of host pathways in the mechanism of action of BRAF inhibitors and to combine BRAF inhibitors with various antibody therapies designed to drive T cell antitumor activity in a model in which BRAF inhibition does not cause major tumor regressions, allowing examination of synergistic roles of host pathways and direct anti-melanoma activity. (thetechnoant.info)
  • PD-1 inhibitors have become treatment options for many types of solid tumors, including bladder cancer. (jnj.com)
  • 5 Alternative options for patients with newly diagnosed mUC include different chemotherapy regimens or PD-1 inhibitors, which enhance T-cell immune responses against the tumor cells. (jnj.com)
  • 14. Predictive value of oncogenic driver subtype, programmed death-1 ligand (PD-L1) score, and smoking status on the efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in patients with oncogene-driven non-small cell lung cancer. (nih.gov)
  • PD-1/PDL-1 inhibitors, CTLA-4 inhibitors, JAK kinase inhibitors, and IL-6 and IL-23 inhibitors to name a few) are also associated with increased risk of TB reactivation. (sfcdcp.org)
  • Studies showed that in soybean high level of trypsin inhibitors i.e. 1-5% of total protein is present. (biomedres.us)
Proliferation19
Anaplastic7
  • ALK = anaplastic lymphoma kinase. (keytruda.com)
  • Breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BI-ALCL) is a rare form of malignancy that arises around mammary implants in patients undergoing prosthetic surgery. (anyflip.com)
  • In recent years, a distinct subset of T-cell lymphomas, one of the major mechanisms of immune escaping exerted by so-called breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma several cancer types in which up-regulation of PD-L1 is observed. (anyflip.com)
  • entity in the revised WHO classification of lymphoid malignancy PD-1 ligands, PD-L1 (B7-H1 or CD274) and PD-L2 (B7H3 or within the group of the anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) [3]. (anyflip.com)
  • Among systemic ALCLs (TCR) signaling, which is essential in maintaining immune tolerance (sALCL), those harboring translocations of anaplastic lymphoma and balanced responses to eliminate pathogens and tumor cells. (anyflip.com)
  • Many studies have demonstrated that Manu A inhibits cell viability and induces cell apoptosis in many cancers, such as prostate cancer, multiple myeloma, anaplastic thyroid cancer and colon cancer ( 14 - 17 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • NPM-ALK indentifies a new category of T/Null lymphomas with distinctive molecular and clinicopathological features, that is going to be included as a novel disease entity (ALK+ anaplastic large cell lymphoma) in the new WHO classification of lymphoid neoplasms. (haematologica.org)
Antibody7
  • Blot was incubated in the primary antibody at a dilution of 1: 2000 in 4% milk in TBS-T for 1h/RT with agitation. (agrisera.com)
  • Mouse Anti-rabbit IgG (Light-Chain Specific) (L57A3) mAb #3677 was used as the secondary antibody. (cellsignal.com)
  • Western blot analysis of extracts from various cell lines using GPX4 Antibody. (cellsignal.com)
  • CTLA-4 blockade in combination with an agonist OX40-specific monoclonal antibody synergizes to augment antitumor immunity through enhanced T-cell effector function, leading to increased survival in preclinical cancer models. (aacrjournals.org)
  • 8 In HCC, nivolumab and pembrolizumab, both monoclonal antibodies against programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), as well as the combination of nivolumab plus ipilimumab (monoclonal antibody against cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4)) have been granted accelerated approval for sorafenib-experienced patients in the USA (but not in Europe), based on encouraging response data from phase I/II studies. (bmj.com)
  • This Phase 1b study evaluates C in combination with the programmed death ligand (PD-L1) targeting antibody atezolizumab (A) in pts with solid tumors (NCT03170960). (esmo.org)
  • Histologic documentation of locally advanced, recurrent, or metastatic malignancy for which a clinical trial of an investigational agent in combination with an anti-PD-L1 antibody is considered an acceptable treatment option. (who.int)
Apoptosis33
  • It interacts with a wide variety of proteins, such as apoptosis antigen Fas, centromere protein C, and transcription factor erythroblastosis virus E26 oncogene homolog 1 (ETS1). (wikipedia.org)
  • Two distinct modes of cell death-necrosis and apoptosis-are involved in pathological neuronal loss, but apoptosis alone is the mechanism of programmed cell death during development. (bmj.com)
  • All cells will undergo apoptosis in the absence of survival signals, usually peptide growth factors secreted by other cells. (bmj.com)
  • Apoptosis continues throughout life and is the central mechanism for the removal of surplus, unwanted, damaged or aged cells. (bmj.com)
  • 1 In a seminal paper Kerr, Wyllie, and Currie 2 later coined the word apoptosis to describe this form of death and went on to show that it was a widespread process in nature, occurring both during normal physiological development and in many pathological conditions. (bmj.com)
  • Apoptosis is a well conserved and highly regulated mechanism of cell death for the removal of unnecessary, surplus, aged or damaged cells. (bmj.com)
  • Dysregulation of apoptosis can result in the persistence of mutated cells, leading to malformations, autoimmune disease, and cancer. (bmj.com)
  • On the other hand, inappropriate apoptosis resulting in the removal of healthy cells can occur in diseases such as infection, hypoxic-ischaemic injury, neurodegenerative or neuromuscular diseases, and AIDS. (bmj.com)
  • Cells dying by apoptosis retain membrane and organelle function until late in the process, while developing plasma membrane blebbing, reduced cytoplasmic volume, chromatin condensation and nuclear fragmentation. (bmj.com)
  • 4 The elimination of cell debris occurs in the absence of an inflammatory response, and this quiet, rapid, and efficient removal of apoptotic cells means that apoptosis can be difficult to detect in tissue: although as many as 50% of the cells in a developing organ may undergo apoptosis, less than 1% of cells are apoptotic at any one time. (bmj.com)
  • Programmed cell death by apoptosis occurs in many developmental processes, including body sculpting (such as digit formation), elimination of self-reacting immune cells, sexual organ development and gamete formation. (bmj.com)
  • 5 Indeed, a general principle of development in multicellular organisms is emerging: excess numbers of cells are made, and then surplus or unwanted cells are removed by apoptosis during the formation of functional organs. (bmj.com)
  • Estrogen stimulates growth and inhibits apoptosis through estrogen receptor-mediated mechanisms in many cell types. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Interestingly, there is strong evidence that estrogen induces apoptosis in breast cancer and other cell types. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We discuss the different apoptotic signaling pathways involved in E2 (17β-estradiol)-induced apoptosis, including the intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis pathways, the NF-κB (nuclear factor-kappa-B)-mediated survival pathway as well as the PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase)/Akt signaling pathway. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Breast cancer cells can also be sensitized to estrogen-induced apoptosis through suppression of glutathione by BSO (L-buthionine sulfoximine). (biomedcentral.com)
  • There are many factors that comprise the normal and abnormal regulation of cell death leading to apoptosis in pulmonary epithelial cells, which are likely to be different in each unique situation 5 . (ersjournals.com)
  • After prolonged periods (up to 18 h) of cold ischaemic lung preservation without reperfusion, a high percentage of cell necrosis (but not apoptosis) can be observed 12 , 13 . (ersjournals.com)
  • Necroptosis cell death overcomes apoptosis resistance and amplifies antitumor immunity in cancer therapy. (heraldopenaccess.us)
  • Shows the morphological features and differences between apoptosis, autophagy and necrosis versus normal cell. (heraldopenaccess.us)
  • In a healthy adult human being, around 10 million cells die via apoptosis every day. (heraldopenaccess.us)
  • Apoptosis is mostly described as programmed cell death since it is a phenomenon during which a cell sets off its own death i.e. suicide [4]. (heraldopenaccess.us)
  • During apoptosis, a cell becomes round, and its volume is reduced. (heraldopenaccess.us)
  • This results in the induction of apoptosis and the inhibition of growth in tumor cells that overexpress Notch. (nih.gov)
  • Surwit, Supplementary Fig. 1c), which related with beta-cell apoptosis as explained before 19. (rawveronica.com)
  • MST1 induce beta-cell loss of life MST1 overexpression was also itself adequate to induce apoptosis in human being and animal beta-cells (Fig. 2a-c). (rawveronica.com)
  • To check out paths that possibly lead to MST1-caused beta-cell apoptosis, we overexpressed MST1 in human being islets and Inches-1E cells through an adenoviral program, which up-regulated MST1 efficiently, caused beta-cell apoptosis and triggered JNK, PARP- and caspase-3 cleavage (Fig. 2a-c). (rawveronica.com)
  • Particularly, MST1-caused caspase-3 cleavage was decreased by treatment of human being islets with the Bax-inhibitory peptide Sixth is v5 (Fig. 2d), which was demonstrated to promote beta-cell survival 28 and stresses that MST1-activated apoptosis profits via the mitochondrial-dependent path. (rawveronica.com)
  • Overexpression of MST1 additional potentiated glucose-induced apoptosis in beta-cells in a BIM-dependent way (Supplementary Fig. 3d). (rawveronica.com)
  • In conclusion, these results indicate that Manu A is a potential to treat human OSCC via cell apoptosis through the downregulation of Sp1. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • To induce apoptosis of cancer cells by targeting the specific signal-transduction pathway could be an effective anticancer therapy. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Therefore, we investigated whether the Manu A-induced cell apoptosis is related to Specificity protein 1 (Sp1), a transcription factor that binds to a specific DNA sequence, overexpressed in many cancer cells, such as bladder cancer ( 19 ), breast cancer ( 20 , 21 ), pancreatic cancer ( 22 ), gastric cancer ( 23 ) and oral cancer ( 24 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The UPS is the primary selective proteolytic system in mammalian cells, regulating numerous biological processes such as development, gene transcription, signal transduction, metabolism, apoptosis, cell cycle, DNA repair and inflammation (Chen et al. (springer.com)
Protein kinases1
  • Thus chronic exposure to psychotropic drugs may lead to alterations in expression of G proteins, protein kinases, and many other signal transduction-associated molecules that alter the way neurons respond to synaptic transmitters. (nih.gov)
NSCLC15
  • BACKGROUND: In this phase Ib/II open-label study, tumor immune suppression was targeted in patients with advanced refractory solid tumors and patients with recurrent/refractory non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using galunisertib with nivolumab. (bvsalud.org)
  • Efficacy and Safety of Anti-PD-1 Immunotherapy in Patients With Advanced NSCLC With BRAF, HER2, or MET Mutations or RET Translocation: GFPC 01-2018. (g-f-p-c.org)
  • The immune checkpoint ligand programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and the transmembrane mucin (MUC) 3A are upregulated in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), contributing to the aggressive pathogenesis and poor prognosis. (ijbs.com)
  • Here, we report that knocking down the oncogenic MUC3A suppresses the PD-L1 expression in NSCLC cells. (ijbs.com)
  • Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for approximately 85% lung cancer cases. (ijbs.com)
  • Therapeutic antibodies blocking programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) brought striking regression of NSCLC. (ijbs.com)
  • KEYTRUDA is a prescription medicine used to treat a kind of lung cancer called non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). (keytruda.com)
  • This is an open-label, multicenter, non-randomized, Phase 2 study to determine the safety, tolerability and efficacy of encorafenib given in combination with binimetinib in patients with BRAFV600E-mutant metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). (mycancergenome.org)
  • Key Inclusion Criteria: - Histologically confirmed diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer ( NSCLC ) that is currently Stage IV. (mycancergenome.org)
  • Patients with stage IV NSCLC will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio to 2 treatment arms (durvalumab or SOC therapy). (astrazenecaclinicaltrials.com)
  • 7. Efficacy of anti-PD-1 antibodies in NSCLC patients with an EGFR mutation and high PD-L1 expression. (nih.gov)
  • 13. Immune Marker Profiling and Programmed Death Ligand 1 Expression Across NSCLC Mutations. (nih.gov)
  • 15. ILT4 inhibition prevents TAM- and dysfunctional T cell-mediated immunosuppression and enhances the efficacy of anti-PD-L1 therapy in NSCLC with EGFR activation. (nih.gov)
  • Lung cancer, with 80-85% being non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), is the leading cause of cancer-related death in both men and women. (oncotarget.com)
  • Lung and bronchus cancer is usually classified into NSCLC and small cell lung cancer (SCLC) accounting for approximately 80% and 20% respectively, the former of which is traditionally treated with surgery combined with or without radiochemotherapy [ 3 ]. (oncotarget.com)
PI3K2
  • 2012). These data indicate that PD-1 might suppress Th17 differentiation via inhibiting PI3K/Akt axis. (biopaqc.com)
  • Further studies exhibited that TGF- induces M2-like tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (TPH-1) macrophages via zinc finger proteins (SNAIL) upregulation depending on the SMAD2/3 and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways [129]. (azd1152.com)
Pathway10
  • GSK-3 is therefore a part of the canonical Beta-catenin/Wnt pathway, which signals the cell to divide and proliferate. (wikipedia.org)
  • After Fas stimulation, Daxx is activated and plays its role of pro-apoptotic protein in activating the c-JUN-N-Terminal Kinase (JNK) pathway. (wikipedia.org)
  • This pathway normally regulates stress-induced cell death. (wikipedia.org)
  • When the cell is treated with TGF-β, HIPK2, a nuclear kinase, phosphorylates Daxx and the activated Daxx in turn activates the JNK pathway (see "The Daxx Pathway" figure). (wikipedia.org)
  • Hyperactivation of these pathways drives tumorigenesis and supports tumor growth.2 Signaling pathway proteins that are commonly activated by physiological responses include growth factor receptor (e.g. (technologynetworks.com)
  • In glioblastoma, activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) by dysregulation of the kynurenine pathway contributes to the malignant properties of these tumors. (azd1152.com)
  • MLKL mediates one programmed cell death process, the necroptosis pathway. (meduniwien.ac.at)
  • Necroptosis is an alternative mode of programmed cell death with necrotic morphology, mediated by signal transduction from Receptor-Interacting serine/threonine kinase (RIP1) to RIP3 and its modality is the caspase-independent pathway. (heraldopenaccess.us)
  • This mini review aims to provide a better understanding of necroptotic pathway mechanisms, their interaction with other forms of cell death, and the implications of necroptosis and RIP-1/RIP-3 on leukemia treatment. (heraldopenaccess.us)
  • Furthermore, Bcl-2 family such as mitochondrial pro‑apoptotic Bax, anti-apoptotic Bcl-xl and Bid were regulated by Manu A, triggering the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. (spandidos-publications.com)
Cellular11
  • GSK-3 is a serine/threonine protein kinase that phosphorylate either threonine or serine, and this phosphorylation controls a variety of biological activities, such as glycogen metabolism, cell signaling, cellular transport, and others. (wikipedia.org)
  • In cellular migration, an integral aspect of inflammatory responses, the inhibition of GSK-3 has been reported to play conflicting roles, as local inhibition at growth cones has been shown to promote motility while global inhibition of cellular GSK-3 has been shown to inhibit cell spreading and migration. (wikipedia.org)
  • Genetic alterations to cellular genes may be inherited or arise spontaneously because of DNA damage from an environmental carcinogen or mutation from replication errors.1 Many common genetic lesions in cancer involve signaling proteins. (technologynetworks.com)
  • The term programmed cell death was first used by Lockshin and Williams in 1964, to describe the pre-determined loss of specific cells during insect metamorphosis by an intrinsic cellular suicide programme. (bmj.com)
  • In the final stages cellular fragments wrapped in plasma membrane bud off as apoptotic bodies which are subsequently phagocytosed by healthy neighbouring cells. (bmj.com)
  • Pulmonary ischaemia-reperfusion can cause cellular breakdown and death of lung epithelial tissue, which may contribute to the magnitude and duration of pulmonary dysfunction seen after cardiopulmonary bypass and lung transplantation 2 , 4 . (ersjournals.com)
  • Although older chemotherapeutic drugs are often toxic to normal cells, advances in genetics and cellular and molecular biology have led to development of more selective drugs. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The term "oncotarget" encompasses all molecules, pathways, cellular functions, cell types, and even tissues that can be viewed as targets relevant to cancer as well as other diseases. (oncotarget.com)
  • Binding to dsRNA by these proteins may result in initiation of helicase activity, concomitant with a conformational change that leads to recruiting additional cellular factors, including the recently identified IPS-1/MAVS protein ( 5 , 6 ). (cdc.gov)
  • As a result, different cellular kinases, including the IRF3 kinases TBK1 and IKKε, become activated. (cdc.gov)
  • Under native conditions, both in resting and proliferating cells, over 95% of cellular NPM protein exists as an oligomer. (haematologica.org)
Mutation1
  • 3. First-line immune checkpoint therapy in metastatic squamous cell lung cancer harboring both EGFR mutation and high expression of PD-L1: A case report. (nih.gov)
Blockade4
  • 2010). Blockade of PD-1-PDL relationship by PDL-Ig considerably ameliorated CIA as evaluated by clinical joint disease rating and histology in the joint parts (Wang et al. (biopaqc.com)
  • We confirmed this finding in an independent validation cohort of 63 ccRCC patients treated with PD-1 or PD-L1 (PD-1 ligand) blockade therapy alone or in combination with anti-CTLA-4 (cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4) therapies (P = 0.0071). (johnshopkins.edu)
  • In the same study, IL-10 receptor blockade increased IL-12 expression in intratumoral dendritic cells, which was associated with reduced tumorigenesis [126]. (azd1152.com)
  • Background While cancer immunotherapies including checkpoint blockade antibodies, adoptive T cell therapy, and even some vaccines have given rise to major clinical responses with durability in many cases, a subset of patients who initially respond subsequently develop secondary resistance to therapy. (bmj.com)
JAK11
  • All IFNαs and IFNβ bind to the same receptor and as a result, the cytoplasmic kinases JAK1 and TYK2 become activated and phosphorylate the STAT1 and STAT2 molecules. (cdc.gov)
Ligand 1 Expression1
  • 8. Changes in programmed death ligand 1 expression in non-small cell lung cancer patients who received anticancer treatments. (nih.gov)
Signal transduction1
Phosphoinositide1
  • Src and Abl), lipid kinases (e.g. phosphoinositide 3-kinases, PI3Ks), as well as nuclear receptors (e.g. the estrogen receptor). (technologynetworks.com)
Inducibly expressed on activated1
  • Program death-1 (PD-1) is a co-inhibitory receptor inducibly expressed on activated T cells. (biopaqc.com)
Effector4
  • We also found that anti-OX40/anti-CTLA-4-induced Eomes hi CD8 + T cells expressed lower levels of checkpoint receptors (PD1, Tim-3, and Lag-3) and higher levels of effector cytokines (IFNγ and TNFα) than their Eomes lo counterparts. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) can promote growth by suppressing effector T-cell responses to tumor cells ( 1, 2 ). (aacrjournals.org)
  • However, in most cancers, the tumor microenvironment is usually infiltrated by TAMs that, in cooperation with regulatory CD4+ T cells, creates an immunosuppressive microenvironment and inhibits the activated T effector cells [134]. (azd1152.com)
  • This programmed cell death is also essentially required to reduce the number of immune effector cells once the pathogen has been eliminated [5]. (heraldopenaccess.us)
Chemotherapy4
  • Since some reports showed that conventional chemotherapeutics can induce the expression of PD-L1, we try to summarize the effect of chemotherapy on PD-1/PD-L1 axis and some potential molecules relevant to PD-1/PD-L1 in chemoresistance in this review. (researchgate.net)
  • For chemotherapy treatment, the cannabinoids can also protect the brain cells from the neurotoxicity treatments, PEA, an endocannabinoid-like compound, can help protect the heart cells and CBD lessens the ulcers of radiation therapy. (projectcbd.org)
  • For chemotherapy drugs, one of the best characterized resistance mechanisms is overexpression of MDR1 , a cell membrane transporter that causes efflux of certain drugs (eg, vinca alkaloids, taxanes, anthracyclines). (msdmanuals.com)
  • 9. Pembrolizumab versus chemotherapy for previously untreated, PD-L1-expressing, locally advanced or metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (KEYNOTE-042): a randomised, open-label, controlled, phase 3 trial. (nih.gov)
Phosphatidylinositol1
  • In a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-dependent way. (wikipedia.org)
Cytoplasmic2
  • Daxx, a Death domain-associated protein, was first discovered through its cytoplasmic interaction with the classical death receptor Fas. (wikipedia.org)
  • At the level of the cell, Daxx is found in the cytoplasm, interacting with Fas-receptor or other cytoplasmic molecules, as well as in the nucleus, where it interacts with some subnuclear structures. (wikipedia.org)
Mechanisms9
  • Because the small grants and FIRST awards have special eligibility requirements, application formats, and review criteria, applicants are strongly encouraged to consult with program staff listed under INQUIRIES and obtain the appropriate guidelines for these grant mechanisms. (nih.gov)
  • Therefore, in the present review we discussed the molecular mechanisms of miR-216a during tumor progression to introduce that as a reliable diagnostic and prognostic factor in cancer patients (Table 1 ). (biomedcentral.com)
  • However, limited information is available about the mechanisms that determine the anti-tumor activities of ALO. (peerj.com)
  • Herein, through comprehensive bioinformatics methods and in vitro functional analyses, we evaluated the detailed anti-tumor mechanisms of ALO. (peerj.com)
  • ALO exerts its anti-tumor effects by attenuating oxidative stress and promoting dual apoptotic mechanisms. (peerj.com)
  • The PD-1/PD-L1 axis is one of the major mechanisms of immune escaping exerted by several cancer types in which up-regulation of PD-L1 is observed. (anyflip.com)
  • The interplay between necroptosis and other cell death mechanisms in leukemia is then explained and a summary of the effects of necroptosis on leukemia therapeutics is provided. (heraldopenaccess.us)
  • Different cell subtypes appear to employ different mechanisms to recognize viral products ( 8 ). (cdc.gov)
  • The five initiatives were (1) Better Research Tools for the Study of SCLC, (2) Comprehensive Genomic Profiling of SCLC, (3) New Diagnostic Approaches for SCLC, (4) Therapeutic Development Efforts, and (5) Mechanisms Underlying Both High Rate of Initial Response and Rapid Emergence of Drug and Radiation Resistance. (nih.gov)
Inhibits1
  • In influenza viruses, the nonstructural protein 1 inhibits the interferon-mediated antiviral response. (cdc.gov)
MLKL2
  • Periodontitis is an inflammatory process being associated with necroptosis, a molecular process that requires caspase-8 for activation of receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (RIPK1), RIPK3 and mixed-lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL). (meduniwien.ac.at)
  • MLKL: Mediator Mixed-Lineage Kinase Domain like. (heraldopenaccess.us)
Epithelial3
  • Our goal in this study was to describe the effects of indoor dust on human monocyte, epithelial, and lymphocyte cell lines. (nih.gov)
  • CD273), are physiologically expressed respectively by a subset of ALCL is a specific subtype of peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) cells of the hematopoietic lineage (B cells, T cells and macrophages) in which the different sub-entities, though sharing the presence of and by antigen-presenting cells and epithelial tissues. (anyflip.com)
  • Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) which occurs in the lining of the epithelial cell represents approximately 95% of head and neck cancer and is the sixth most common malignant neoplasm worldwide ( 3 - 5 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Survival5
  • The median progression-free survival was 5.26 months (95% CI: 1.77, 9.20) and the median overall survival was 11.99 months (95% CI: 8.15, NR). Interferon gamma response genes were induced post-treatment and cell adhesion genes were repressed, although the association of these observations with tumor response and clinical outcomes was not statistically powered due to limited samples available. (bvsalud.org)
  • We hypothesized that Eomes hi CD8 + T cells were necessary for anti-OX40/anti-CTLA-4 immunotherapy efficacy and that further enhancement of this population would improve tumor-free survival. (aacrjournals.org)
  • The Recalcitrant Cancer Research Act (RCRA) of 20121 called upon the National Cancer Institute (NCI) to identify two or more recalcitrant cancers that have a five-year relative survival rate of less than 20 percent and cause more than 30,000 deaths per year in the United States and to develop scientific frameworks that will assist in making progress against these cancers. (nih.gov)
  • Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a recalcitrant cancer as defined by its five-year relative survival rate of less than seven percent and the loss of approximately 30,000 lives per year. (nih.gov)
  • Thus, maintenance of protein homeostasis (proteostasis) is essential for cell function and survival (Fig. 1 ). (springer.com)
Efficacy6
  • Open-label Phase II trial to evaluate safety and efficacy of second-line metronomic oral vinorelbine-atezolizumab combination for stage-IV non-small-cell lung cancer - VinMetAtezo trial, (GFPC‡ 04-2017). (g-f-p-c.org)
  • Indeed, CD8 + T cell-specific deletion of Eomes abrogated the efficacy of anti-OX40/anti-CTLA-4 therapy. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Taken together, these data demonstrate the potential of anti-OX40/anti-CTLA-4/ibrutinib as a triple therapy to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy. (aacrjournals.org)
  • 1. Efficacy and safety of pembrolizumab monotherapy in EGFR-mutant squamous cell lung cancer with PD-L1 over-expression: A case report. (nih.gov)
  • 12. Safety and efficacy of pembrolizumab monotherapy in elderly patients with PD-L1-positive advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: Pooled analysis from the KEYNOTE-010, KEYNOTE-024, and KEYNOTE-042 studies. (nih.gov)
  • 9-11 Real-world data confirmed the efficacy and safety of PD-1-targeted immunotherapy in HCC, including in patients with Child-Pugh stage B or intensive pretreatment. (bmj.com)
Intracellular3
  • Upon administration, crenigacestat binds to the GS protease complex, thereby blocking the proteolytic cleavage and release of the Notch intracellular domain (NICD), which would normally follow ligand binding to the extracellular domain of the Notch receptor. (nih.gov)
  • Most cells have intracellular sensors of viral products that, when activated, initiate a signaling cascade that results in transcriptional induction of the IFNβ gene. (cdc.gov)
  • 2020 ). The intracellular levels of individual proteins are adjusted to the particular needs and status of every single cell in the organism (Jayaraj et al. (springer.com)
Toll-like Rec2
  • Interestingly, UPR activation is directly linked to both inflammatory cytokine production and Toll-like receptor (TLR) expression. (nature.com)
  • Moreover, the emphasis has been given to understand the involvement of unfolded protein response (UPR) and Toll-like receptor (TLR) modulation in causing depression-associated inflammatory changes at the central nervous system. (nature.com)
Progression8
  • 1 additional patient had confirmed PR after initial pseudo-progression. (bvsalud.org)
  • This review is tailored to outline the known effects of the current anti-diabetic drugs, anti-inflammatory therapies, and natural compounds on inflammation, which mitigate HF progression in diabetic populations. (frontiersin.org)
  • Here, we examined the transcriptional landscape of adaptor molecules downstream of Toll-like receptors in human cancers and found that higher expression of MYD88 correlated with tumor progression. (aacrjournals.org)
  • In addition, MyD88 expression in myeloid cells drove melanoma progression. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Tumor-tissue myeloid cells play important roles in both antitumor immunity and tumor progression. (aacrjournals.org)
  • These myeloid cells are actively recruited into the tumors to accelerate tumor progression by interacting with the tumor microenvironment (TME). (aacrjournals.org)
  • There is strong evidence that estrogen plays a role in its development and progression [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Based mostly on expert opinion, SFDPH recommends that patients with a diagnosis of LTBI should be initiated on treatment for at least 1 month, if possible, prior to starting those targeted immunotherapies where a risk for TB progression has been identified. (sfcdcp.org)
Inflammatory10
  • BEAS-2B cells revealed weaker changes in a limited set of inflammatory response proteins. (nih.gov)
  • Caspase-1 activation, which also occurs through activation of other inflammasome sensors, including the NLRP3, NAIP/NLRC4, and AIM2 sensors, initiates an innate immune response through maturation and release of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18. (nih.gov)
  • Identification of novel toxin targets, new PAMPs and DAMPs which can activate the NLRP1 inflammasome, host genetic factors which control inflammasome-mediated responses, and anti-inflammatory or anti-anthrax therapeutics are areas of active study. (nih.gov)
  • Consequently, upon ligand binding, activation of DAMP/PAMP receptors and NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome pathways promote the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-18, contributing to cardiac injury ( Fairweather, 2007 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • The expression levels of PD-L1 on the surface of tumor cells were positively correlated with the induction of the inflammatory cytokine interferon-γ [ 2 ]. (ijbs.com)
  • Panahipour L, Tabatabaei AA, Gruber R: Hypoallergenic infant formula lacks transforming growth factor beta activity and has a lower anti-inflammatory activity than regular infant formula. (meduniwien.ac.at)
  • Aloperine (ALO), an alkaloid isolated from the leaves of Sophora alopecuroides , has been suggested to exhibit anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor properties and is traditionally used to treat various human diseases, including cancer. (peerj.com)
  • Interleukin-7 (IL-7) is an immunopotent regulatory protein produced by stromal cells and by several different inflammatory cells [ 1 ]. (jcancer.org)
  • Their findings were further supported by the identification of heightened inflammatory response in those restrained rats where part of the activated inflammatory pathways demonstrated the upregulated expression of key mediators like c-Jun kinase (JNK) and Xbox Binding Protein-1 (XBP-1). (nature.com)
  • Infiltrating macrophages are derived from precursor cells called monocytes that circulate throughout the body and are recruited into the tissues when an inflammatory reaction occurs. (nih.gov)
Proteins3
  • First discovered in 1980 as a regulatory kinase for its namesake, glycogen synthase (GS), GSK-3 has since been identified as a protein kinase for over 100 different proteins in a variety of different pathways. (wikipedia.org)
  • The integral membrane protein GS is a multi-subunit protease complex that cleaves single-pass transmembrane proteins, such as Notch receptors, at residues within their transmembrane domains and leads to their activation. (nih.gov)
  • The proteome of a mammalian cell contains thousands of distinct proteins (Jayaraj et al. (springer.com)
Antibodies2
  • T cell lysates were blotted with different antibodies. (biopaqc.com)
  • therapy with PLX4720 and anti-CCL2 or agonistic anti-CD137 antibodies demonstrated significant antitumor activity in mouse transplant and de novo tumorigenesis models. (thetechnoant.info)
Developmental2
  • The degree of apoptotic death is important in maintaining homeostasis, as well as, in controlling the shape and size of tissues during various developmental processes. (heraldopenaccess.us)
  • 4 Nucleophosmin is an essential protein, since inactivation of the gene encoding for nucleophosmin ( NPM1 ) in the mouse germ line leads to developmental defects that cause embryonic death in mid-gestation. (haematologica.org)
Adenocarcinoma1
  • Recently, it was exhibited that Tregs inhibit the production of IFN- by CD8+ T cells and increase sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1)-dependent lipid metabolism in TAMs to promote the immunosuppressive M2-like TAM phenotype in B16 melanoma and MC38 colon adenocarcinoma tumor models [138]. (azd1152.com)
Downstream4
  • LT also cleaves and activates rodent inflammasome sensor NLRP1, resulting in downstream caspase-1 and gasdermin cleavage, followed by rapid cell death (pyroptosis). (nih.gov)
  • Finally, downstream nuclear targets of signaling pathways like the transcription factors Myc and NF-κB, chromatin remodelers, and cell cycle effectors are also commonly altered. (technologynetworks.com)
  • Physique 1 MST1 is usually triggered in diabetes Caspase-3 and JNK take action not really just as downstream focuses on, Boc-D-FMK supplier but also as upstream activators of MST1 through cleavage- and phosphorylation-dependent systems 12,20 and may initiate a Boc-D-FMK supplier bad routine and a pro-apoptotic signaling cascade in the beta-cell. (rawveronica.com)
  • We also observed downregulation of Sp1 downstream target genes such as p27, p21, Mcl-1 and survivin. (spandidos-publications.com)
Lung12
  • Acute lung injury caused by renal ischemia-reperfusion is one of the leading causes of acute kidney injury-related death. (biomedcentral.com)
  • First-line pembrolizumab for non-small cell lung cancer patients with PD-L1 ≥50% in a multicenter real-life cohort: The PEMBREIZH study. (g-f-p-c.org)
  • Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human lung carcinoma using Thioredoxin 1 (C63C6) Rabbit mAb. (cellsignal.com)
  • metastasis, and lymphovascular invasion in non-small cell lung cancers patients [125]. (azd1152.com)
  • Ischaemia-reperfusion-induced pulmonary dysfunction is a significant clinical problem in cardiac surgery and, particularly, lung transplantation 1 . (ersjournals.com)
  • Potentially life-threatening graft dysfunction early after lung transplantation can occur in up to 20% of patients 1 . (ersjournals.com)
  • The anti-tumor effects of ALO have been demonstrated in several human cancer cells, including colon cancer, lung cancer and multiple myeloma. (peerj.com)
  • 5. PD-L1 expression and response to pembrolizumab in patients with EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer. (nih.gov)
  • 11. [A Real-world Study on the Assessment of Pathological Characteristics and Targeted Therapeutic Effect of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients with Positive Driving Genes and High PD-L1 Expression]. (nih.gov)
  • Gene therapy expressing IL-7 has been used as a treatment method through tumor environment immunomodulation for non-small cell lung cancer [ 6 ]. (jcancer.org)
  • Lung and bronchus cancer leads to most cancer-related death, with an estimation about 85,920 and 72,160 death in men and women respectively in America, and it was also reported that there were totally 224,390 American people being diagnosed with lung and bronchus cancer in 2016 [ 1 ]. (oncotarget.com)
  • U01), and PAR-16-051, Innovative Approaches to the Prevention and Early Detection of Small Cell Lung Cancer (U01). (nih.gov)
Tumors5
  • Gene-expression analysis of PBAF-deficient ccRCC cell lines and PBRM1-deficient tumors revealed altered transcriptional output in JAK-STAT (Janus kinase-signal transducers and activators of transcription), hypoxia, and immune signaling pathways. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • Tumors may arise when cells in the body overproliferate in a disorder that cannot be killed by normal pathways of death. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Furthermore, it's been proven that TAMs were the primary source of IL-10 in mammary mouse tumors, which caused the inhibition of CD8+ T cell-dependent responses. (azd1152.com)
  • An in vivo study identified higher numbers of the immunosuppressive Arg1+ macrophages in tumors and showed that anti-programmed cell death-1 (anti-PD-1) treatment diminishes Arg1+ and increases Arg1- TAMs in the tumor microenvironment [131]. (azd1152.com)
  • Interestingly, a study showed that CD8+ T cell depletion from squamous cell carcinoma tumors correlates with low lymphocyte motility and poor end result. (azd1152.com)
Estrogen receptor1
  • In estrogen receptor (ER)-positive MCF-7 human breast cancer cells, one of the principal mechanism by which E2 stimulates growth is through the induction of G 1 - to S-phase transition. (biomedcentral.com)
Interleukin2
  • Eomes expression is negatively regulated in T cells through interleukin-2-inducible T-cell kinase (ITK) signaling. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Results We describe two patients with metastatic melanoma who initially showed a durable partial response to either a melanoma-peptide/interleukin-12 vaccine or combined anti-CTLA-4 + anti-PD-1 therapy, but subsequently developed new treatment-resistant metastases. (bmj.com)
Cytotoxic5
  • Crosstalk between Macrophages and T-Cells in the Tumor Microenvironment During tumor immune surveillance, CD8+ cytotoxic T cells have an essential role promoting tumor cell death [133]. (azd1152.com)
  • Cytotoxic drugs damage DNA and kill many normal cells as well as cancer cells. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Upon subcutaneous administration, eltrapuldencel-T may stimulate the immune system to exert a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) immune response against the patient's repertoire of melanoma-associated antigens, particularly tumor stem cell antigens, found in the irradiated autologous cancer cells. (nih.gov)
  • NBBS was cytotoxic to Neuro-2a and C6 glioma cells in a dose- dependent manner. (nih.gov)
  • Neuro-2a growth was inhibited at concentrations ranging from 1 to 100 M, while C6 glioma cell growth was inhibited at concentrations ranging from 10 to 500 M. NBBS also was cytotoxic to human lymphocytes and dissociated mouse hippocampal neurons. (nih.gov)
Nuclear3
  • It has been associated with heterochromatin and PML-NBs (Promyelocytic Leukaemia nuclear bodies) and has been implicated in many nuclear processes including transcription and cell cycle regulation. (wikipedia.org)
  • It has also been observed that IL-7 is responsible for osteoclastogenesis through fusion with macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF), binding with tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and receptor activator of nuclear factor-α (RANKL) [ 16 - 18 ]. (jcancer.org)
  • Nucleophosmin (NPM), also known as B23, 1 NO38, and numatrin, is an abundant, highly conserved, ubiquitously expressed nucleolar phosphoprotein which belongs to the nucleoplasmin/nucleophosmin family of nuclear chaperones. (haematologica.org)
Patients8
  • For some patients with higher T stage (ie, T2, some T3), en bloc resections of the gallbladder and portal lymph nodes may be recommended, although this may carry a high morbidity and mortality (similar to bile duct carcinoma). (medscape.com)
  • To identify genomic alterations in ccRCC that correlate with response to anti-PD-1 monotherapy, we performed whole-exome sequencing of metastatic ccRCC from 35 patients. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • However, only 20% patients responded to the anti-PD-L1 therapy [ 1 ]. (ijbs.com)
  • This results in rapid melanoma cell death in humans, as evidenced by a high frequency of early tumor responses in patients (1, 2), while sparing the function of lymphocytes (16). (thetechnoant.info)
  • Drug-specific risk of tuberculosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with anti-TNF therapy: results from the British Society for Rheumatology Biologics Register (BSRBR). (sfcdcp.org)
  • The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted Breakthrough Therapy status to CTL019, an investigational chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) therapy for the treatment of pediatric and adult patients with relapsed/refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). (ascopost.com)
  • Oral cancer, which occurs in oral cavity and oropharynx, is a leading cause of cancer-related death and approximately 263,900 new cases were reported and approximately 128,000 of the patients died of oral cancer in 2011, in USA ( 1 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The safety of VIJOICE in patients with Type 1 or uncontrolled Type 2 diabetes has not been established. (nih.gov)
Apoptotic9
  • Tyro3, Axl, and Mertk (TAM) represent a family of homologous tyrosine kinase receptors known for their functional role in phosphatidylserine (PS)-dependent clearance of apoptotic cells and also for their immune modulatory functions in the resolution of inflammation. (nih.gov)
  • A rather surprising property of Daxx is its anti-apoptotic function. (wikipedia.org)
  • Other studies showed that lack of Daxx gene caused a higher apoptotic rate in embryonic stem cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • The remainder undergo apoptotic death and removal. (bmj.com)
  • In addition, Bcl-2 overexpression could rescue ALO-induced Bcl-2 inhibition and suppress pro-apoptotic effects in glioma cells. (peerj.com)
  • Cell death can be categorized as autophagic, necrotic, and apoptotic, depending on the cell morphology (Figure 1) [2,3]. (heraldopenaccess.us)
  • Apoptotic cell death is usually a hallmark of the loss of insulin producing beta-cells in all forms of diabetes mellitus. (rawveronica.com)
  • Profiling Boc-D-FMK supplier manifestation of founded mitochondrial protein in MST1-overexpressing islets demonstrated cleavage of the initiator caspase-9, launch of cytochrome induction of pro-apoptotic Bax and a decrease in anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL amounts (Fig. 2b-c and Supplementary Fig. 3a), which led to a decrease of Bcl-2/Bax and Bcl-xL/Bax. (rawveronica.com)
  • Flow cytometry analyses using Annexin V and propiodium iodide supported Manu A-mediated apoptotic cell death of OSCC cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
Regulatory2
  • 2010), which PD-1 may regulate T cell replies via an anergy-independent but inducible regulatory T cell-dependent system (Qiao et al. (biopaqc.com)
  • Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are known as immunosuppressive cells in the tumor microenvironment [137]. (azd1152.com)
Expression13
  • These TIME eQTLs are enriched in areas of active transcription, and associate with gene expression in specific immune cell subsets, such as macrophages and dendritic cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • No expression of Daxx leads to malfunction of S phase and cells with two nuclei are formed. (wikipedia.org)
  • PBRM1 loss in ccRCC May alter global tumor-cell expression profiles to influence responsiveness to immune checkpoint therapy. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • Moreover, aberrant expression of miRNAs has been associated with therapeutic resistance in cancer that suggests these factors as probable efficient therapeutic targets in tumor cells [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We have shown previously that anti-OX40/anti-CTLA-4 combination therapy synergistically enhances the expression of Eomesodermin (Eomes) in CD8 + T cells. (aacrjournals.org)
  • The MyD88/IL1 receptor (IL1R) axis regulated programmed cell death (PD)-1 expression on TAMs by promoting recruitment of NF-κBp65 to the Pdcd1 promoter. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Thus, the MyD88/IL1R axis maintains the immunosuppressive function of TAMs and promotes tumor growth by regulating PD-1 expression. (aacrjournals.org)
  • M2-like TAMs are characterized for having high expression levels of arginase 1 [130]. (azd1152.com)
  • A study showed that AHR promotes the expression of CD39 in TAMs to drive CD8+ T cell dysfunction during the immune response in the tumor microenvironment [139]. (azd1152.com)
  • Panahipour L, De Biasi M, Bokor TS, Thajer A, Haiden N, Gruber R: Milk lactoperoxidase decreases ID1 and ID3 expression in human oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines. (meduniwien.ac.at)
  • Moreover, western blot and qPCR analysis showed that ALO downregulated Bcl2 expression in human glioma cell lines, SK-N-AS and U118. (peerj.com)
  • Binding of this protein to CXCR3 results in pleiotropic effects, including stimulation of monocytes, natural killer and T-cell migration, and modulation of adhesion molecule expression. (cancerindex.org)
  • Particularly, viral infection triggers specific signaling programs within the infected cells that results in substantial changes in host gene expression. (cdc.gov)
Cytokines1
  • Mono Mac 6 cells revealed the highest fraction of differentially expressed genes, dominated by up-regulation of various cytokines and chemokines. (nih.gov)
Immunotherapy2
Extracellular2
  • As proven in Fig. 3, phosphorylation of extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 under TCR excitement can be compared between WT and Th17 differentiation (Kurebayashi et al. (biopaqc.com)
  • Regardless, the increased number of fibroblast-like cells and the deposited extracellular matrix within the alveolar walls results in distorted pulmonary architecture, vascular remodelling, decreased oxygenation, respiratory failure and death 8 . (ersjournals.com)
Induces1
  • One study showed that ALO induces G2/M phase cell cycle arrest with concomitant alterations in p21, p53, cyclin D1 and cyclin B1. (peerj.com)
Responses2
  • It was Programmed death-1 (PD-1) receptors are expressed on activated first described in 1997 and included in 2017 as a new provisional T cells, and function to limit T-cell-mediated immune responses. (anyflip.com)
  • These targeted immunotherapies work by blocking specific molecules that mediate certain immune responses or by depleting the cells that express them. (sfcdcp.org)
Melanoma1
  • therapeutic_agents C1909 therapeutic_agents C C177537 GDC Value Terminology C120183 Eltrapuldencel-T A therapeutic melanoma vaccine consisting of autologous dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with antigens from lethally irradiated autologous tumor cells derived from a patient-specific, continuously proliferating and melanoma-initiating cell line and suspended in a solution containing the cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. (nih.gov)
Mediates1
  • Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3) is a serine/threonine protein kinase that mediates the addition of phosphate molecules onto serine and threonine amino acid residues. (wikipedia.org)
Activates1
  • E2 also rapidly activates cyclin E-CDK2 complexes, accelerating the G 1 -to-S transition [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Inhibitory1
  • Previous studies in our laboratory have shown that Gas6/PS-mediated activation of TAM receptors on tumor cells leads to subsequent upregulation of PD-L1, defining a putative PS→TAM receptor→PD-L1 inhibitory signaling axis in the cancer microenvironment that may promote tolerance. (nih.gov)
Oncogenic1
  • Conclusion Our results suggest that secondary resistance to immunotherapies can arise upon selection for new oncogenic variants that mediate T cell exclusion. (bmj.com)
Stimuli1
  • Nevertheless, it is not known whether the Fas-receptor stimuli or the ASK1 overexpression are caused by ROS or CRM1 mediated export. (wikipedia.org)
Regulation1
  • To confirm the beta-cell particular up-regulation of MST1, double-staining for pMST1 and insulin in pancreatic islets from badly managed topics with Capital t2Deb (Fig. 1d) as well as db/db mice (Fig. 1e) demonstrated manifestation of pMST1 in beta-cells, while no sign was noticed in non-diabetic topics and control mice. (rawveronica.com)