Xerophthalmia (dry eyes) and xerostomia (dry mouth) are the main clinical presentations in adults. (medscape.com)
1 2 It usually presents as an isolated glandular disease affecting exocrine glands, typically manifested with xerostomia and xerophthalmia. (bmj.com)
Some of the first noticeable symptoms are dry mouth (xerostomia) due to salivary glands being attacked and dry eyes (xerophthalmia) due to lacrimal glands being attacked. (ipl.org)
Sjögren syndrome is often characterized by xerostomia and xerophthalmia-type symptoms. (medscape.com)
Cause of preventable2
Throughout southeast Asia, estimates are that more than half of children under the age of six years have subclinical vitamin A deficiency and night blindness, with progression to xerophthalmia being the leading cause of preventable childhood blindness. (wikipedia.org)
Xerophthalmia is a leading cause of preventable blindness and childhood blindness. (statpearls.com)
Keratomalacia1
The World Health Organization classifies xerophthalmia into the following stages: XN-Night blindness X1A-Conjunctival xerosis X1B-Bitot spots X2-Corneal xerosis X3A-Corneal ulceration/keratomalacia, involving less than one-third of the cornea X3B-Corneal ulceration/keratomalacia, involving more than one-third of the cornea XS-Corneal scar due to xerophthalmia XF-Xerophthalmic fundus Prophylaxis consists of periodic administration of vitamin A supplements. (wikipedia.org)
Childhood blindness1
For this reason, xerophthalmia is also known as childhood blindness. (medicinelearners.com)
Dryness2
Xerophthalmia caused by a severe vitamin A deficiency is described by pathologic dryness of the conjunctiva and cornea. (wikipedia.org)
Xerophthalmia usually implies a destructive dryness of the conjunctival epithelium due to dietary vitamin A deficiency-a rare condition in developed countries, but still causing much damage in developing countries. (wikipedia.org)
Prevalence2
23,5 cm). v. Reduction of prevalence to xerophthalmia. (who.int)
Patients with disease duration of more than 10 years had a higher prevalence of xerophthalmia, parotid enlargement, lung involvement, and peripheral neuropathy in comparison with incident cases. (nih.gov)
Symptoms2
The symptoms of xerophthalmia depend on the primary cause in the individual case. (medicinelearners.com)
In many cases, the symptoms of xerophthalmia are not particularly clear, so that early diagnosis and treatment of this disease cannot be initiated. (medicinelearners.com)
Corneal1
If untreated, xerophthalmia can lead to dry eye syndrome, corneal ulceration, and ultimately to blindness as a result of corneal and retinal damage. (wikipedia.org)
Hypovitaminosis1
Xerophthalmia from hypovitaminosis A is specifically due to lack of the hormone-like vitamin A metabolite retinoic acid, since (along with certain growth-stunting effects) the condition can be reversed in vitamin A deficient rats by retinoic acid supplementation (however the retinal damage continues). (wikipedia.org)
Onset2
Radioiodine therapy can also induce xerophthalmia, often transiently, although in some patients late onset or persistent xerophthalmia has been observed. (wikipedia.org)
In developing countries, conjunctival respiratory infection, persistent diarrhoea, impression cytology (CIC) is considered anaemia, mild xerophthalmia, otitis media most appropriate for the diagnosis of VAD and mild anthropometric deficit. (who.int)
Deficiency6
Recent Examples on the Web While rare, a true deficiency of vitamin A can lead to a condition called xerophthalmia , which can damage normal vision and result in night blindness-the inability to see in the dark or low light. (merriam-webster.com)
Topical retinol, tretinoin (all-trans-retinoic acid) and etretinate (a synthetic retinoid) were used in rabbits to treat experimental xerophthalmia due to vitamin A deficiency. (nih.gov)
In xerophthalmia from causes other than vitamin deficiency, there is no photosensitive pigment deficiency. (medicinelearners.com)
These results suggest a properly elicited history of nightblindness can be almost as specific and far more sensitive an index of vitamin A deficiency and early xerophthalmia than the presence of Bitot's spots (X1B), and that vitamin A deficiency is a clustered, neighborhood phenomenon rather than an isolated, sporadic occurrence. (johnshopkins.edu)
It is consumed to avoid any kind of deficiency, especially those who suffer from xerophthalmia should ingest Vitamin A-1. (articlecube.com)
Inflammation1
Xerophthalmia is a serious condition of extreme drying and thickening of the conjunctiva following chronic inflammation and failure to make tears, characterized by hazy, dry cornea. (glutenfreeworks.com)
40% of urban inhabitants received adequate laboratories in the large cities, it can be ex- daily vitamin A. In southern and western pensive, particularly during the hot months provinces, clinical manifestations of VAD when transportation is an issue (retinol is were Bitot spots and xerophthalmia. (who.int)
Describe2
Describe the typical presentation of a patient with xerophthalmia. (statpearls.com)
Describe interprofessional team strategies for improving care coordination and communication regarding the prevention, evaluation, and management of xerophthalmia. (statpearls.com)
Lack1
The damage to the cornea in vitamin A associated xerophthalmia is quite different from damage to the retina at the back of the globe, a type of damage which can also be due to lack of vitamin A, but which is caused by lack of other forms of vitamin A which work in the visual system. (wikipedia.org)
Severe1
This is the suffering that patients with a severe dry eye condition called xerophthalmia often endure. (wustl.edu)
Diagnosis1
The diagnosis of xerophthalmia is primarily based on anamnestic and visual diagnostics. (medicinelearners.com)
Eyes1
When it impacts the eyes, it is called xerophthalmia . (allaboutvision.com)
This phenomenon is to be distinguished from xerophthalmia in the narrower definition, although in the literature any type of dry eye is sometimes referred to as xerophthalmia. (medicinelearners.com)
In the broader definition, xerophthalmia can also be caused by incomplete eyelid closure in the sense of lagophthalmos, although not all of the changes described occur. (medicinelearners.com)
Treatment1
THE treatment of xerophthalmia has posed a difficult problem of management for the ophthalmologist. (jamanetwork.com)
Patients1
The prognosis for patients with xerophthalmia depends on the primary cause and its treatability. (medicinelearners.com)
Specific2
Explain the specific laboratory workup for xerophthalmia. (statpearls.com)
Age specific xerophthalmia rates among displaced Ethiopians. (bmj.com)
Affect2
A foreign body sensation also occurs in the eye due to xerophthalmia and can negatively affect the eyesight of those affected. (medicinelearners.com)
Keratoconjunctivitis and xerophthalmia both affect the same parts of your eye - your cornea and your conjunctiva. (clevelandclinic.org)
Management1
This activity reviews the evaluation and management of xerophthalmia and highlights the role of the interprofessional team in the recognition and management of this condition. (statpearls.com)
Disease1
A disease affecting both the cornea and the conjunctiva is xerophthalmia. (medicinelearners.com)