• Throughout most of Brazil, vaccinia virus (VACV), fam- were placed in Vero cells for virus isolation as described ily Poxviridae , is the etiologic agent of bovine vaccinia ( 2 ) and then purifi ed in a sucrose gradient ( 11 ). (cdc.gov)
  • The isolates were examined by PCR for the A56R gene between these outbreaks of bovine vaccinia and the VACV (hemagglutinin [HA]), and the fragments obtained (950 strains used during the World Health Organization small- bp) were sequenced and analyzed as described ( 2,12,13 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Timeline of 2011 vaccinia virus (VACV) outbreak in cow with ulcerative lesions on the teats and udder. (cdc.gov)
  • Little is known regarding MPXV immunity in the context of MPXV infection or vaccination with vaccinia-based vaccines (VACV). (jcvi.org)
  • Type II IFN (IFN-gamma) is required for protection against lethal vaccinia virus (VACV) infection. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • Previous studies showed that IFN-gamma expression is needed to promote survival of vaccinia virus (VACV) infection. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • Vaccinia virus (VACV), a poxvirus and the vaccine used to eradicate smallpox, encodes multiple proteins that interfere with apoptotic, necroptotic and pyroptotic signalling. (cam.ac.uk)
  • Human infections with vaccinia virus (VACV), mostly from laboratory accidents or contact with infected animals, have occurred since smallpox was eradicated in 1980. (cdc.gov)
  • Originally, it was thought that only intermediate and late gene transcription produced double-stranded (ds) RNA to activate PKR during vaccinia virus (VACV) infection. (elsevierpure.com)
  • These results reveal a new PKR activation pathway during VACV infection, in which the K1 protein reduces dsRNA levels early in VACV infection to directly inhibit PKR and several of its downstream antiviral effects, thereby enhancing virus survival. (elsevierpure.com)
  • MPXV, along with variola virus (VARV) and vaccinia virus (VACV), belongs to the Orthopoxvirus genus. (bvsalud.org)
  • Perhaps one of the most set up and guaranteeing applicant vector to get a vaccine is certainly vaccinia pathogen (VACV), which offered to eliminate smallpox (27). (spierarchitecturalarts.com)
  • Since that time, attenuated VACV strains highly, like customized vaccinia pathogen Ankara (MVA), have already been produced and proven in a number of preclinical and scientific trials to become a fantastic vector to create efficacious vaccines against a number of pathogens (28,C32). (spierarchitecturalarts.com)
  • The vaccinia virus vaccines ( smallpox vaccine ) are generally safe and effective, but some people do experience side effects and adverse reactions . (cdc.gov)
  • In 2017 they patented Synthetic Chimeric Poxviruses and Synthetic Chimeric Vaccina Virus to be used in the next generation of "Safe and Effective" so-called vaccines. (weliveinamadworld.com)
  • The synthetic chimeric poxviruses are well suited for live virus vaccines and pharmaceutical formulations. (weliveinamadworld.com)
  • IL-12 is an effective adjuvant to recombinant vaccinia virus-based tumor vaccines: enhancement by simultaneous B7-1 expression. (univr.it)
  • Safety and immunogenicity of novel recombinant BCG and modified vaccinia virus Ankara vaccines in neonate rhesus macaques. (lonelyjoeparker.com)
  • Inger Damon] Well, during the smallpox eradication campaign, it was not a pressing concern that the vaccinia virus used in human vaccines could establish itself in nature. (cdc.gov)
  • One explanation is that the vaccinia viruses used as human smallpox vaccines have managed to establish themselves in the domestic and wild animal populations in regions of Brazil, are now infecting humans, and are more severely affecting humans that didn't receive smallpox vaccines before the program ended. (cdc.gov)
  • Rimmelzwaan GF, Sutter G. Candidate influenza vaccines based on recombinant modified vaccinia virus Ankara. (medscape.com)
  • Smallpox has been eradicated by immunization with live vaccinia virus. (ox.ac.uk)
  • ACAM2000, a live vaccinia virus vaccine, is the only smallpox vaccine currently licensed and available in the United States (U.S.) for vaccination of persons at risk for orthopoxviral disease. (cdc.gov)
  • In fact, live vaccinia virus was used in vaccinations for smallpox, which the World Health Organization declared in 1980 had been eradicated. (cdc.gov)
  • Smallpox/monkeypox vaccine (JYNNEOS) is made using weakened live vaccinia virus and cannot cause smallpox, monkeypox, or any other infectious disease. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Price, Philip John Ritchie (2014): Leukocyte trafficking during infection with modified vaccinia virus Ankara: the role of chemokine receptor 1 and complement activation. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • Inoculation with vaccina virus produces a localized skin infection. (medscape.com)
  • Regulated cell death is a powerful anti-viral mechanism capable of aborting the virus replicative cycle and alerting neighbouring cells to the threat of infection. (cam.ac.uk)
  • In contrast to intranasal application of MVA, we found that intravenous immunization fully protected mice infected with ectromelia virus (ECTV) when applied three days after infection. (nih.gov)
  • An initial post-marketing study was updated in 2021 to verify the clinical benefits of VIGIV (CNJ-016, Vaccinia Immune Globulin Intravenous (Human), sterile solution) in the resolution of complications resulting from Orthopoxvirus vaccination in eligible patients treated with VIGIV named Clinical Outcomes of VIGIV Treatment of Smallpox Vaccination Complications or Vaccinia Infection. (wikipedia.org)
  • Literature such as Progressive Vaccinia Acquired through Zoonotic Transmission in a Patient with HIV/AIDS explains again in clinical terms why patients with immunodeficiency (from HIV infection, or from any other medical condition that effects your immune system) are at high risk. (wikipedia.org)
  • Another possibility, that the connections are too shortlived to be captured by microscopy during a normal infection, motivated us to identify and characterize virus mutants that are arrested in assembly. (uthscsa.edu)
  • We're discussing an article in the July 2007 issue of Emerging Infectious Diseases about the history and extent of vaccinia virus infection in Brazil. (cdc.gov)
  • Despite efforts made over past decades, there is no vaccine or treatment available for preventing and controlling the ASF virus (ASFV) infection, and there is an urgent need to develop novel strategies. (mdpi.com)
  • There is no evidence that smallpox vaccination has any value in the treatment or prevention of recurrent herpes simplex infection, warts, or any disease other than those caused by orthopox viruses (8). (cdc.gov)
  • Vulvar vaccinia infection after sexual contact with a military smallpox vaccinee--Alaska, 2006. (medscape.com)
  • Disruption of TNF-a/TNFR1 function in resident skin cells impairs host immune response against cutaneous vaccinia virus infection. (medscape.com)
  • Egan C, Kelly CD, Rush-Wilson K, Davis SW, Samsonoff WA, Pfeiffer H. Laboratory-confirmed transmission of vaccinia virus infection through sexual contact with a military vaccinee. (medscape.com)
  • Human monkeypox is a viral zoonotic infection caused by monkeypox virus, an enveloped double-stranded DNA virus of the genus Orthopoxvirus and family Poxviridae that also contain smallpox, cowpox, Orf, and vaccinia viruses. (bvsalud.org)
  • Defining antigen targets to dissect vaccinia virus and monkeypox virus-specific T cell responses in humans. (jcvi.org)
  • The monkeypox virus (MPXV) outbreak confirmed in May 2022 in non-endemic countries is raising concern about the pandemic potential of novel orthopoxviruses. (jcvi.org)
  • Monkeypox virus DNA, but no viable virus, was detected on one surface. (cdc.gov)
  • Monkeypox virus (MPXV) DNA, but no viable virus, was detected on one surface in a dormitory where the patient had been housed with other residents before he was isolated. (cdc.gov)
  • Notwithstanding the presence of a smallpox vaccine that is effective against monkeypox (mpox), developing a universal vaccine candidate against monkeypox virus (MPXV) is highly required as the mpox multi-country outbreak has increased global concern. (bvsalud.org)
  • It's caused by Monkeypox virus which is an orthopoxvirus but the specific animal reservoir is unknown but probably small mammals that occur in some part of Africa. (cdc.gov)
  • United States and the cause was traced to the spread of Monkeypox virus from imported African rodents to pet prairie dogs, to people who had contact with those pet prairie dogs. (cdc.gov)
  • If you have been recommended to receive JYNNEOS due to an exposure to monkeypox virus, you should be vaccinated regardless of concurrent illnesses, pregnancy, breastfeeding, or weakened immune system. (medlineplus.gov)
  • If you have been recommended to receive JYNNEOS due to an exposure to monkeypox virus, you should be vaccinated even if you have recently received a COVID-19 vaccine. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Mpox is caused by the monkeypox virus, which is related to the smallpox virus and causes a similar, but usually milder, illness. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Mpox is caused by the monkeypox virus, which is related to the smallpox virus. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Despite its name, the monkeypox virus does not come from monkeys. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The disease caused by the monkeypox virus was also originally called "monkeypox," but in November 2022 the World Health Organization introduced the name "mpox" for the disease caused by the virus (see WHO recommends new name for monkeypox disease ). (msdmanuals.com)
  • Ebola virus disease outbreak occurred in 2014 in Liberia, Guinea and Sierra Leone, Monkeypox virus in Nigeria in 2017 and most recently Lassa virus in Nigeria, Togo and Benin in 2018. (bvsalud.org)
  • Orthopoxviruses and Monkeypox virus were detected in the organs by PCR using consensus primers targeting the virus surface membrane haemagglutinin (HA) genes, while Leptospira species were detected by PCR using primers targeting the rrs and lfb1 genes. (bvsalud.org)
  • Monkeypox virus was not detected from studied small mammals. (bvsalud.org)
  • In this context, and in the broader context of a need for data comparability, as discussed in the overview paper in this volume, establishing criteria for assessing adverse events following smallpox (vaccinia) vaccination is important for clinicians administering the smallpox vaccine and appropriately treating patients with adverse events following immunization (AEFI), and also for scientists collecting, analyzing, and communicating data on AEFI. (brightoncollaboration.org)
  • Stability of undiluted and diluted vaccinia-virus vaccine, Dryvax. (emmes.com)
  • At refrigerator temperature, the decrease in vaccinia-vaccine titer during the first year was not significantly different between the undiluted Dryvax vaccine and either of the 2 diluted forms of Dryvax vaccine, with any of the 3 diluents. (emmes.com)
  • Certain military recruits continue to receive vaccinia vaccine owing to the concern for bioterrorism. (medscape.com)
  • In the United States, Dryvax became the first approved vaccinia virus vaccine in 1931. (medscape.com)
  • Vaccinia virus is the species now characterized as the constituent of smallpox vaccine. (medscape.com)
  • BACKGROUND: Modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA), a highly attenuated strain of vaccinia virus, has been used as vaccine delivery vector in preclinical and clinical studies against infectious diseases and malignancies. (helmholtz-hzi.de)
  • CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: These findings open new ways to potentiate and modulate the immune responses to vaccine Ags depending on whether they are co-administered with MVA or encoded by recombinant viruses. (helmholtz-hzi.de)
  • Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara Can Induce Optimal CD8(+) T Cell Responses to Directly Primed Antigens Depending on Vaccine Design. (helmholtz-hzi.de)
  • Expanding the repertoire of Modified Vaccinia Ankara-based vaccine vectors via genetic complementation strategies. (helmholtz-hzi.de)
  • On my journey through the endless sea of covid vaccine case reports, I stumbled across a series of studies from the past decade or so documenting attempts to use pox viruses as vaccine delivery vectors, where they basically grafted an antigen from the targeted virus onto a dead or attenuated modified poxvirus. (weliveinamadworld.com)
  • Vaccinia immune globulin (VIG) is made from the pooled blood of individuals who have been inoculated with the smallpox vaccine. (wikipedia.org)
  • Recommendations of the U.S. Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) regarding smallpox (vaccinia) vaccination, most recently revised in 2003, specify Dryvax as the designated smallpox vaccine in routine non-emergency vaccination programs, which primarily involve laboratory and health-care personnel, as well as select military personnel [8-9 ]. (cdc.gov)
  • Development of a Multi-Epitope Universal mRNA Vaccine Candidate for Monkeypox, Smallpox, and Vaccinia Viruses: Design and In Silico Analyses. (bvsalud.org)
  • Due to the genetic similarity of antigens in this study, we have designed a potentially universal mRNA vaccine based on conserved epitopes that are specific to these three viruses . (bvsalud.org)
  • With this target, we have created book vaccine applicants predicated on the poxvirus customized vaccinia pathogen Ankara (MVA) stress expressing the full-length SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein, and we've evaluated their immunogenicity Levofloxacin hydrate in mice using MVA/MVA or DNA/MVA perfect/increase immunization protocols. (spierarchitecturalarts.com)
  • A lot of vaccine applicants are under advancement, based either overall pathogen (inactivated or attenuated infections), nonreplicating viral vectors expressing SARS-CoV-2 antigens, nucleic acidity (mRNA or DNA), and subunits (proteins or virus-like contaminants) (7, 8). (spierarchitecturalarts.com)
  • A novel system was developed for generating highly attenuated vaccinia virus LC16m8 (m8, third-generation smallpox vaccine) that expresses foreign genes. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Although major inroads into making antiretroviral therapy available in resource-poor countries have been made, there is an urgent need for an effective vaccine administered shortly after birth, which would protect infants from acquiring human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) through breast-feeding. (lonelyjoeparker.com)
  • Here, two groups of neonate Indian rhesus macaques were immunized with either novel candidate vaccine BCG.HIVA(401) or its parental strain AERAS-401, followed by two doses of recombinant modified vaccinia virus Ankara MVA.HIVA. (lonelyjoeparker.com)
  • Regardless, the recognition of vaccinia virus as an animal and human pathogen in Brazil and other parts of the world is important as we consider the possibility of renewed widespread use of smallpox vaccine, which could be needed in the future as the result of bioterrorism. (cdc.gov)
  • Smallpox/monkeypox vaccine (JYNNEOS ) can help protect against smallpox, monkeypox, and other diseases caused by orthopoxviruses, including vaccinia virus. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Vaccinia virus can cause disease when people are exposed to infected people (such as exposure to someone who has recently been vaccinated with ACAM2000, another type of smallpox vaccine) or animals. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The basic recommendation is unchanged--smallpox vaccine is only indicated for civilians who are laboratory workers occupationally exposed to smallpox or other closely related orthopox viruses. (cdc.gov)
  • Smallpox vaccine (vaccinia virus) is a highly effective immunizing agent against smallpox. (cdc.gov)
  • CDC provides smallpox vaccine to protect laboratory workers occupationally exposed to smallpox virus and other closely related orthopox viruses (14). (cdc.gov)
  • Use of Vaccinia Virus Smallpox Vaccine in Laboratory and Health Care Personnel at Risk for Occupational Exposure to Orthopoxviruses - Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), 2015. (medscape.com)
  • Surveillance guidelines for smallpox vaccine (vaccinia) adverse reactions. (medscape.com)
  • Using the mousepox model, we investigated the immunological mechanisms responsible for a successful post-exposure immunization with modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA). (nih.gov)
  • Modified vaccinia virus Ankara exerts potent immune modulatory activities in a murine model. (helmholtz-hzi.de)
  • Potent Anti-hepatitis C Virus (HCV) T Cell Immune Responses Induced in Mice Vaccinated with DNA-Launched RNA Replicons and Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara-HCV. (helmholtz-hzi.de)
  • Vaccination with recombinant modified vaccinia virus Ankara prevents the onset of intestinal allergy in mice. (helmholtz-hzi.de)
  • These (IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD, and IgE, IgG) previously have been researched for use with Modified Vaccinia virus Ankara®, more so than VIGIV as a treatment for Monkeypox. (wikipedia.org)
  • Development of modified vaccinia Ankara-5T4 as specific immunotherapy for advanced human cancer. (medscape.com)
  • Verheust C, Goossens M, Pauwels K, Breyer D. Biosafety aspects of modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA)-based vectors used for gene therapy or vaccination. (medscape.com)
  • Vaccinia immune globulin intravenous (VIGIV) is recommended as the first line of therapy for treatment of adverse reactions resulting from continued vaccinia virus replication after vaccination using ACAM2000® or APSV . (cdc.gov)
  • Clinicians who need assistance with the diagnosis and management of patients with suspected complications of vaccinia virus vaccination should consult with their state/local public health department . (cdc.gov)
  • VIGIV [PDF - 18 pages] has been used safely and effectively in smallpox vaccinated individuals to treat adverse reactions that are secondary to continued vaccinia virus replication after vaccination. (cdc.gov)
  • No antivirals are currently approved by the FDA for treatment of complications which might arise from vaccinia vaccination, but some may be used under expanded access investigational new drug (IND) protocols. (cdc.gov)
  • Tecovirimat has been used in a small number of individuals to date for the treatment of severe adverse events resulting from vaccinia virus vaccination, and effectiveness data in humans is limited. (cdc.gov)
  • It is not FDA-approved for the treatment of orthopoxvirus infections, but could be used under an expanded access IND protocol for the treatment of complications which might arise from vaccinia virus vaccination. (cdc.gov)
  • Recent warnings about the possible threat of using smallpox virus as a biologic weapon [3], [4] prompted a resurgence of public health vaccination programs against smallpox. (brightoncollaboration.org)
  • Other signs and symptoms of the replication of vaccinia virus include edema, tenderness, and erythema at the site of vaccination and regional lymphadenopathy. (brightoncollaboration.org)
  • Successful vaccination correlates with the laboratory demonstration of the development of a cytotoxic T-cell response, lymphocyte proliferation, neutralizing antibodies, and vaccinia virus-specific interferon-γ production. (brightoncollaboration.org)
  • To guide decision-making for the case definition and guidelines, a literature search was performed by the coordinators of the five subgroups, with substantial input from the respective team leads for adverse events following smallpox vaccination, using as search terms eczema vaccinatum, generalized vaccinia, inadvertent inoculation, progressive vaccinia, and robust take within Medline and PubMed databases from 1966 to 2002. (brightoncollaboration.org)
  • Vaccination with vaccinia virus has been directly responsible for the successful eradication of smallpox (variola). (medscape.com)
  • Laboratory personnel working with vaccinia and others for whom the benefits outweigh the risks of vaccination may also receive vaccinations. (medscape.com)
  • In 1796, when Jenner made his seminal report on vaccinia, the potential benefits of vaccination became widely accepted. (medscape.com)
  • An effective vaccination strategy against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) should include the induction of potent cellular immune responses against conserved HIV-1 antigens. (mssm.edu)
  • It is used to treat individuals who have developed progressive vaccinia after smallpox vaccination. (wikipedia.org)
  • Tecovirimat (also referred to as ST-246 or its brand name Tpoxx) has demonstrated in vitro activity against various orthopoxviruses (e.g., variola, vaccinia, and monkeypox viruses) and shown effectiveness in animal challenge studies using related orthopoxviruses. (cdc.gov)
  • Brincidofovir (TEMBEXA) has demonstrated in vitro activity against various orthopoxviruses (e.g., variola, vaccinia, and monkeypox viruses) and shown effectiveness in animal challenge studies using related orthopoxviruses. (cdc.gov)
  • These include postvaccinial central nervous system disease, progressive vaccinia, eczema vaccinatum, accidental implantations, "generalized vaccinia," and the common erythematous and/or urticarial rashes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Two intravenous formulations of VIG (VIGIV Cangene and VIGIV Dynport) have been licensed by the FDA for the management of patients with progressive vaccinia, eczema vaccinatum, severe generalized vaccinia, and extensive body surface involvement or periocular implantation following inadvertent inoculation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Vaccinia virus Eczema vaccinatum Gamma globulin Immunoglobulin therapy an overview of this topic. (wikipedia.org)
  • Therefore, in order to keep the number of total outcomes assessed to 7, the workgroup decided to combine outcomes that are normally classified as serious adverse events (SAE) into a single category, which included the following SAE: death, postvaccinial encephalitis, eczema vaccinatum, progressive vaccinia, and generalized vaccinia. (cdc.gov)
  • The review will provide a background and historical progression for the surgeon on tumour immunology, and the interplay between oncolytic viruses, immune cells, inflammation on tumourigenesis. (whiterose.ac.uk)
  • Cellular immune responses against SIV Gag were further enhanced by a booster with a recombinant vaccinia virus expressing SIV Gag in both the spleen and local lymph node tissues, resulting in the induction of robust Gag-specific CD8+ T cell responses at both systemic and mucosal levels. (mssm.edu)
  • Oncolytic viruses are an emerging class of cancer therapeutic agents that exert antitumor effects generally through tumor-specific cell lysis paired with immune stimulation [ 1 ]. (e-crt.org)
  • Literature such as Progressive Vaccinia: Case Description and Laboratory-Guided Therapy With Vaccinia Immune Globulin, ST-246®, and CMX001 explains in clinical terms to the layperson (non-medical staff, or the patient and their families) what happens during this treatment when they are sick. (wikipedia.org)
  • vaccinia immune globulin intravenous, axicabtagene ciloleucel. (medscape.com)
  • vaccinia immune globulin intravenous, brexucabtagene autoleucel. (medscape.com)
  • vaccinia immune globulin intravenous, idecabtagene vicleucel. (medscape.com)
  • vaccinia immune globulin intravenous, lisocabtagene maraleucel. (medscape.com)
  • Vaccinia immune globulin (VIG) is available when indicated. (cdc.gov)
  • The majority of persons with such complications are likely to be recently vaccinated military personnel or their contacts infected through person-to-person spread of vaccinia virus (15-17). (cdc.gov)
  • Although the exact origins of vaccinia virus are uncertain, vaccinia may represent a hybrid of the variola and cowpox viruses. (medscape.com)
  • Our observations are also going to help contribute to studies about the origins and the emergence of vaccinia virus, since the historic origins of vaccinia virus are not currently understood. (cdc.gov)
  • Title : Lack of Transmission of Vaccinia Virus Personal Author(s) : Stark, James H.;Frey, Sharon E.;Blum, Paul S.;Monath, Thomas P. (cdc.gov)
  • Contact transmission of vaccinia virus from smallpox vaccinees in the United States, 2003-2011. (medscape.com)
  • When mouse L fibroblasts are infected with various combinations of recombinant vaccinia viruses possessing thymidine kinase (TK) genes with inserted reovirus genes that encode core components, particles are formed that closely resemble reovirus cores. (duke.edu)
  • In this paper we describe how recombinant vaccinia viruses are constructed and illustrate the potential of this vector system for expression of genes from parasitic pathogens. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Lipase activities of p37, the major envelope protein of vaccinia virus. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Extracellular vaccinia virus formation and cell-to-cell virus transmission are prevented by deletion of the gene encoding the 37,000-Dalton outer envelope protein. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Sequence analysis, expression, and deletion of a vaccinia virus gene encoding a homolog of profilin, a eukaryotic actin-binding protein. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • if, in addition, the cells are also infected with vaccinia virus that expresses protein lambda 2, particles are formed that also possess the characteristic icosahedrally located projections/spikes that are present on reovirus cores. (duke.edu)
  • If, in either case, the cells are also infected with vaccinia virus that expresses the reovirus RNA polymerase, protein lambda 3, the resultant particles are morphologically identical with those formed in its absence, but also contain protein lambda 3. (duke.edu)
  • Mammalian cell/vaccinia virus expression vectors with increased stability of retroviral sequences in Escherichia coli: production of feline immunodeficiency virus envelope protein. (washington.edu)
  • These vectors also have the capacity to direct high-yield production of protein in mammalian cells, and the option of incorporation into and expression via a T7 promoter in vaccinia virus. (washington.edu)
  • The utility of these vectors was shown through expression of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) Env protein, in conjunction with the tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) leader sequence. (washington.edu)
  • Overview of Viral Infections A virus is composed of nucleic acid, either DNA or RNA, surrounded by a protein coat. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Seven virus-encoded proteins have been identified that are components of IEV, and five of them are present in CEV or EEV. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • The roles of these proteins in virus morphogenesis and dissemination, and as targets for neutralizing antibody are reviewed. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Five conserved vaccinia virus proteins, referred to as Viral Membrane Assembly Proteins (VMAPs), that are necessary for formation of immature virions were found. (uthscsa.edu)
  • Nucleotide sequence of 21·8 kbp of variola major virus strain Harvey and comparison with vaccinia virus. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Immunogen: Vaccinia virus antibody (FITC) was raised in rabbit using new york city board of health (NYCBOH) strain, Vaccinia (whole virus) as the immunogen. (gentaur.be)
  • To this end, we designed and engineered SJ-185, a novel oncolytic vaccinia virus, through incorporating two human transgenes, the IFNB1 and CES2 , into the TK gene region of a Western Reserve (WR) strain vaccinia virus backbone. (e-crt.org)
  • The production of several different virus particles in the VV replication cycle represents a coordinated strategy to exploit cell biology to promote virus spread and to aid virus evasion of antibody and complement. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Capturing the natural diversity of the human antibody response against vaccinia virus. (symphogen.com)
  • Other viruses in this genus, including vaccinia, but also monkeypox and cowpox, continue to cause outbreaks of human illness. (cdc.gov)
  • Cowpox virus "scarification" by Jenner, used to induce protective immunity against smallpox, is not a single species but a group of up to 5 virus species that infects cows, humans, and other animals. (medscape.com)
  • We suggest that a prime-boost immunization regimen using recombinant influenza and vaccinia viruses expressing HIV Gag might represent an effective means to induce potent HIV-specific, protective CD8+ T cell responses. (mssm.edu)
  • The adjuvant administration of IL-12 after immunization with this virus significantly enhanced survival in tumor-bearing animals. (univr.it)
  • CDC recommends JYNNEOS for certain laboratory workers and emergency response team members who might be exposed to the viruses that cause orthopoxvirus infections. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Justification : Depuis l'éradication du virus de la variole, on note une émergence des autres Orthopoxvirus surtout le Monkeypoxvirus en Afrique centrale. (bvsalud.org)
  • A ce jour aucun cas d'infection humaine à Orthopoxvirus n'a été notifié en Côte d'Ivoire. (bvsalud.org)
  • Objectif : Mettre en évidence la circulation des Orthopoxvirus en Côte d'Ivoire en situation post éradication de la variole dans la population non vaccinée contre cette maladie. (bvsalud.org)
  • We have generated five replication competent recombinant influenza viruses (rFlu/SIV Gag nos. (mssm.edu)
  • Viral replication and dissemination of SJ-815 were measured by plaque assay and comet assay, respectively, and compared to the backbone of SJ-815, a modified Western Reserve virus named WI. (e-crt.org)
  • As with vaccinia, T cells are likely to provide an important contribution to overall immunity to MPXV. (jcvi.org)
  • The genome of camelpox virus. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Scholars@Duke publication: Generation of reovirus core-like particles in cells infected with hybrid vaccinia viruses that express genome segments L1, L2, L3, and S2. (duke.edu)
  • Vaccinia virus has many ideal characteristics that allow for development as an oncolytic virus, such as its relatively large genome as an optimal platform for gene editing, long usage history, and well-defined safety profile [ 2 ]. (e-crt.org)
  • Techniques that are commonly used for genetic engineering include deletion and insertion of specific genes within a virus genome. (e-crt.org)
  • Whole genome sequencing of Brazilian vaccinia virus is ongoing at CDC, and we hope it'll help clarify the relationship between these viruses and their hosts. (cdc.gov)
  • Genome condensation and packaging are essential processes in the life cycle of viruses. (mdpi.com)
  • Forinstance, interruption of the virus thymidine kinase-encoding TK gene through inserting other transgenes has been applied in the development of several oncolytic viruses [ 3 , 4 ]. (e-crt.org)
  • Kempe believed this failure might be due to the high levels of maternal antibodies to vaccinia in the infants' blood. (wikipedia.org)
  • Some people continue to be at risk of exposure to the virus that causes smallpox, including people who work in emergency preparedness and some laboratory workers. (medlineplus.gov)
  • VIGIV is not indicated for the treatment of isolated vaccinia keratitis or postvaccinial encephalitis. (cdc.gov)
  • These viruses can stimulate specific immunological responses against the foreign antigen in vaccinated animals and can protect against disease caused by the corresponding pathogen. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Dissociation of progeny vaccinia virus from the cell membrane is regulated by a viral envelope glycoprotein: effect of a point mutation in the lectin homology domain of the A34R gene. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • They are not related to chickenpox, which is caused by varicella-zoster virus and is part of another viral group. (msdmanuals.com)
  • The purpose of this study was to assess characteristics of SJ-815, a novel oncolytic vaccinia virus lacking a functional thymidine kinase-encoding TK gene, and instead, having two human transgenes: the IFNB1 that encodes interferon β1, and the CES2 that encodes carboxylesterase 2, which metabolizes the prodrug, irinotecan, into cytotoxic SN-38. (e-crt.org)
  • On the basis of the reported synergistic effects of IL-12 and the costimulatory molecule B7-1 (CD80) in vitro, we immunized mice with a double recombinant vaccinia encoding both the model tumor Ag and the costimulatory molecule B7-1, designated B7-1 beta-gal rVV. (univr.it)
  • however, there are limited data on the effectiveness in the treatment of vaccinia-related complications in humans. (cdc.gov)
  • Now, using genetic engineering, infectious vaccinia virus recombinants are being constructed which express genes from other pathogens. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Single intranasal immunizations in mice with each rFlu/SIV Gag viruses resulted in different degrees of protection against a challenge with recombinant vaccinia virus expressing SIV Gag. (mssm.edu)
  • Immunized BALB/c mice had detectable CD8+ T cell responses specific for Gag peptide 185-199 when mice were vaccinated with rFlu/SIV Gag no. 3 virus, and for Gag peptides 281-295 and 285-299 when vaccinated with rFlu/SIV Gag no. 4 virus. (mssm.edu)
  • Although IL-12 given alone to mice bearing tumors established for 3 days did not have consistent antitumor activity, a profound therapeutic effect was observed when IL-12 administration was combined with a recombinant vaccinia virus (rVV) encoding beta-gal called VJS6. (univr.it)
  • Viruses that are frequently chosen for genetic engineering include vaccinia virus, adenovirus, and herpes simplex virus. (e-crt.org)
  • Using this system, recombinant m8s, which expressed herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) glycoprotein B (gB)-, gD-, or both gB and gD (gB + gD), were generated, and their efficacy was evaluated. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Ted Pestorius] So besides cows, what other species can be infected with vaccinia viruses? (cdc.gov)
  • Vaccinia viruses and close relatives seem to have a broad host range within various species of mammals and can infect a spectrum of mammalian species running from rodents to cows. (cdc.gov)
  • Our discussion with Dr. Damon was prompted by an article on Brazilian vaccinia viruses and their origins, published in the July 2007 issue of Emerging Infectious Diseases . (cdc.gov)
  • In our article, we looked at the recognition of vaccinia virus outbreaks in Brazil and their public health importance. (cdc.gov)
  • Vaccinia Virus Binds to the Scavenger Receptor MARCO on the Surface of Keratinocytes. (medscape.com)
  • The SR alpha promoter, encephalomyocarditis (EMC) virus untranslated leader sequence, and poly(A) signal sequence serve as a high-yield mammalian cell expression cassette without the requirement for mRNA capping. (washington.edu)
  • In 2011, a bovine vaccinia outbreak occurred in Serro County, Minas Gerais state, in southeastern Brazil, one of the largest milk-producing regions in Brazil. (cdc.gov)
  • To identify the etiologic agent responsible for the out- the hypothesis that different vaccinia virus strains co-circu- break, on day 27 we collected swab samples from lesions late in Brazil. (cdc.gov)