VLPsAntibodiesVaccinationAuthorized COVID-19 vaccinesCenters for DiseasImmunityType of vaccineEfficacyPandemicModernaDosesAntigensInfectionEffective vaccineProphylacticCurrent vaccinesInfectiousImmunogenicityDengue Virus Particles2020AntigenRibonucleic acidCandidatesUniversal influenzaBring a therapeutLive attenuated virusProtein subunitsBroadly protectiveElicitProteinsInfectCOVID-19 VaccineRecipientsNovavaxPathogensMRNA vaccineSubunit vaccinesCoronavirus vaccinesField of vaccine developmentVaccinationsStrainsDevelopmentImmune responseHumansRecombinant subunitTherapeuticsCapsidClinical trialsSeasonal influenzaImmunologyHuman vaccinesPreparationsAdverseEnough vaccinesDose of vaccine
VLPs15
- VLPs mimic the three-dimensional structure of a virus but do not contain genetic material. (pipelinereview.com)
- Bivalent HPV vaccine (2vHPV), which contains HPV 16, 18 VLPs, is licensed for use in females ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
- Specifically, the government is seeking a manufacturer with the capability to conduct manufacturing of government owned Virus Like Particles (VLPs) vaccines. (globalbiodefense.com)
- The growing emphasis on preventative healthcare measures, such as vaccination, promotes demand for novel and effective vaccines such as VLPs. (singaporeoutlook.com)
- Virus-like particles (VLPs) enable the construction of promising platforms in the field of vaccine development. (nature.com)
- Although the assembled VLPs do not have S protein spikes, they could be developed as formulations that can improve the immunogenicity of vaccines including S antigens, and further could be used as platforms that can carry S antigens of concern for various mutations. (nature.com)
- Over one hundred vaccines using varied approaches including protein subunit, viral vector, RNA, DNA, inactivated virus, attenuated virus, and virus like particles (VLPs) platforms are in clinical trials. (nature.com)
- VLPs self-assembled into empty shells can be used safely as vaccines without the risk of replication or infection due to the lack of viral nucleic acid. (nature.com)
- VLPs constitute attractive vaccine platforms in view of their safety and ease of production. (nature.com)
- Further, VLPs have the advantage that, contrary to inactivated or attenuated viruses that must be prepared in mammalian cell lines, they can be produced in heterologous systems, such as bacteria, yeasts, insect cells, or plants. (nature.com)
- CDC's new flavivirus VLPs have structural proteins as the basis to form the viral particles. (nih.gov)
- Researchers introduced an optimized plasmid to form the virus-like particles (VLPs) or non-structural protein 1 (NS1) into the cells and selected stably expressing cell populations for use to produce diagnostic antigens or immunogens for human and animal flavivirus vaccines. (nih.gov)
- Virus-like particles (VLPs) are promising vaccine technology due to their safety and ability to elicit strong immune responses. (johnshopkins.edu)
- Glycoprotein (GP) is the major protective antigen of EBOV, and can generate virus-like particles (VLPs) by co-expression with matrix protein (VP40). (frontiersin.org)
- The L1 proteins self-assemble into noninfectious, nononcogenic virus-like particles (VLPs). (msdmanuals.com)
Antibodies29
- Antibodies help protect the body against infection by recognizing individual viruses or other pathogens, attaching to them, and marking the pathogens for destruction. (medlineplus.gov)
- If a person is exposed to a virus after receiving mRNA vaccination for it, antibodies can quickly recognize it, attach to it, and mark it for destruction before it can cause serious illness. (medlineplus.gov)
- During this SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, many studies on the development of plant-derived vaccines and antibodies are underway. (nature.com)
- Traditional seasonal flu vaccines trigger production of antibodies aimed at a part of a flu virus surface protein that varies widely from strain to strain and that changes continuously. (nih.gov)
- The tandem publications also show that our therapeutic virus‐like particle vaccine platform is able to induce clinically effective levels of neutralizing antibodies against different targets and in different species. (saiba-animalhealth.com)
- VC002 is a virus‐like particle nanoparticle vaccine designed to induce anti‐IL31 antibodies when administered to dogs. (saiba-animalhealth.com)
- We investigated the binding of 22 human monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to the DENV envelope protein on particles with different maturation states. (ox.ac.uk)
- Together, these findings suggest that mature particles may be the optimal form of presentation of the envelope protein to induce more potent neutralizing antibodies against DENV. (ox.ac.uk)
- Once your cells make the spike protein, your immune system will create the antibodies that fight COVID-19 and protect you from getting sick from this virus, providing a significant level of immunity. (seiu.org)
- The fact that the H1N1 candidate vaccine was effective against H5N1 infection - a different influenza subtype - suggests the antibodies the vaccine induces can be protective against other "group 1" influenza subtypes, including H1 and H5. (medscape.com)
- The third approach attempted to detect seroconversion to AIDS virus antibodies in paired sera of HB vaccine recipients. (cdc.gov)
- To do so, after the first exposure , from a vaccine or a natural infection, a class of white blood cells called the naïve B cells produce antibodies as the first line of defense against infection. (yahoo.com)
- The potential vaccine is based on work done to this point that focuses on an "over coat" of molecules that bind to certain antibodies and generate a longer immune response. (wraltechwire.com)
- Our strategy is to develop vaccines that bind to neutralizing antibodies and avoid inducing less effective, non-neutralizing antibodies that are frequently seen in natural infections and with previous vaccine candidates. (wraltechwire.com)
- The synthetic virus-like particle will be made of lipids that are similar to those in the membrane of the virus itself, and will include a piece of the HIV outer envelope that binds to the sought-after neutralizing antibodies," Duke explained in the announcement. (wraltechwire.com)
- What we want is to present the outer surface of the virus to the immune system so that it can recognise that with antibodies and make more of those antibodies, so, that if you see the real virus, those antibodies can block it from infecting," Barney Graham, Deputy Director of the Vaccine Research Center at the US National Institutes of Health (NIH), told reporters. (cosmosmagazine.com)
- The researchers report that neuraminidase (NA), a protein found in small amounts in current vaccines, prompts the immune system to produce antibodies that may mount a broad protective response against influenza B viruses. (asm.org)
- Previous studies have connected NA antibodies to protection against the flu - likely by preventing the spread of infection -- but this new study is among the first to show how that mechanism might be exploited for future, broad-acting flu vaccines. (asm.org)
- These proteins prompt the immune system to generate antibodies that find and bind proteins on the surface of infectious particles within the body. (asm.org)
- But NAs have a lower rate of mutation than HAs, which suggests that a flu vaccine that contains NA - prompting the immune system to produce NA antibodies -- may be effective for multiple years, said Martinez-Sobrido. (asm.org)
- That analysis showed that the vaccine had induced the production of NA antibodies for influenza type B particles. (asm.org)
- Follow up tests and experiments led the researchers to identify and clone six specific antibodies that targeted NA on Flu B particles. (asm.org)
- their findings suggest that the antibodies can reduce the replication of the virus and have the potential to both prevent and treat infections. (asm.org)
- The marrow continued to produce these NA antibodies with anti-viral activity, suggesting that a vaccine strategy based on NA responses could be long-lasting. (asm.org)
- According to the researchers, the amount of NA-specific antibodies with such broad activity stimulated by current vaccines may not be sufficient to optimally protect an individual against influenza B. The new findings suggest a way to boost that efficacy. (asm.org)
- Antibodies to E2 can neutralize virus infectivity. (medscape.com)
- Later, if a vaccinated person encounters SARS-CoV-2, their body will be primed to fight, because their antibodies are already lying in wait for the virus. (hhmi.org)
- Opalka D, Lachman CE, MacMullen SA, Jansen KU, Smith JF, Chirmule N, Esser MT. Simultaneous quantitation of antibodies to neutralizing epitopes on virus-like particles for human papillomavirus types 6, 11, 16, and 18 by a multiplexed luminex assay. (cdc.gov)
- Overview of Immunization Immunity can be achieved Actively by using antigens (eg, vaccines, toxoids) Passively by using antibodies (eg, immune globulins, antitoxins) A toxoid is a bacterial toxin that has been modified. (msdmanuals.com)
Vaccination16
- During its February 2015 meeting, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommended 9-valent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine (9vHPV) (Gardasil 9, Merck and Co., Inc.) as one of three HPV vaccines that can be used for routine vaccination ( Table 1 ). (cdc.gov)
- HPV vaccine is recommended for routine vaccination at age 11 or 12 years ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
- This report summarizes evidence considered by ACIP in recommending 9vHPV as one of three HPV vaccines that can be used for vaccination and provides recommendations for vaccine use. (cdc.gov)
- Public awareness campaigns and vaccination education increase the acceptability and demand for VLP vaccines, increasing market growth and adoption rates. (singaporeoutlook.com)
- Increasing public knowledge of the benefits of vaccination in preventing infectious diseases has increased vaccine demand. (singaporeoutlook.com)
- Vaccination against all serotypes is necessary to protect susceptible animals and to prevent onward spread of the virus by insect vectors. (sciensano.be)
- When CELTURA is given for the first dose, it is recommended that CELTURA (and not another vaccine against H1N1) be given for the complete vaccination course. (who.int)
- If someone is going to have a bad reaction to a vaccine, it is likely to occur in the first six weeks after vaccination. (seiu.org)
- President-elect Biden wants to release all vaccine doses to speed up the vaccination program - but the risk is that vaccine makers won't be able to replenish the supply to make sure that the second dose is delivered on time. (yahoo.com)
- Scientists in the US are reporting rapid progress towards a vaccination against the Zika virus, the mosquito-borne disease associated with a range of birth defects. (cosmosmagazine.com)
- According to the UKHSA, the booster program will begin in the areas where the virus has been detected and where vaccination rates are lowest before being rolled out across the city. (go.com)
- Title : Use of 9-Valent Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccine: Updated HPV Vaccination Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices Personal Author(s) : Petrosky, Emiko;Bocchini, Joseph A.;Hariri, Susan;Chesson, Harrell;Curtis, C. Robinette;Saraiya, Mona;Unger, Elizabeth R.;Markowitz, Lauri E. (cdc.gov)
- An HPV vaccine has been licensed, and knowledge of the national prevalence of HPV infection is critical for planning vaccination strategies and monitoring the impact of vaccination in the United States. (cdc.gov)
- The continued evolution of the A(H7N9) viruses poses major challenges in pandemic preparedness strategies through vaccination. (bvsalud.org)
- For more information, see Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices Vaccine Recommendations and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccination Information . (msdmanuals.com)
- The HPV vaccine is a routine childhood vaccination (see CDC: Child and Adolescent Immunization Schedule by Age ). (msdmanuals.com)
Authorized COVID-19 vaccines2
- An authorized viral vector COVID-19 vaccine may be offered to individuals 18 years of age and over, without contraindications to the vaccine, when all other authorized COVID-19 vaccines are contraindicated. (canada.ca)
- Efficacy of all three authorized COVID-19 vaccines was studied in the two-dose regimens. (yahoo.com)
Centers for Diseas5
- The 2012 WNV season in the United States saw a massive spike in the number of neuroinvasive cases and deaths similar to what was seen in the 2002-2003 season, according to the West Nile virus disease cases and deaths reported to the CDC by year and clinical presentation, 1999-2012, by ArboNET (Arboviral Diseases Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). (mdpi.com)
- The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has a fact sheet on the different types of COVID-19 vaccines, including mRNA vaccines, and how they work. (medlineplus.gov)
- The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has not included current or surviving cancer patients for inclusion in the first group of COVID-19 vaccine recipents . (yahoo.com)
- This 2014 illustration made available by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention depicts a polio virus particle. (go.com)
- The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is the organization in the U.S. that makes vaccine recommendations, but has not suggested any such move to add a fifth dose of polio vaccine to the current vaccine schedule underway. (go.com)
Immunity11
- A vaccine with a 75% probability of immunity against high-risk HPV infection resulted in a life- results are encouraging (9,10). (cdc.gov)
- They incorporate key immunologic features of viruses which include repetitive surfaces, particulate structures and induction of innate immunity through activation of pathogen-associated molecular-pattern recognition receptors. (ox.ac.uk)
- Dr. Memoli stated that the results of this study "suggest that cellular immunity may be a very important and necessary component of future broadly protective universal influenza vaccines. (nih.gov)
- In effect, this finding documents evidence that flu vaccines spread the flu , and that so-called "herd immunity" is a medical hoax because "the herd" is actually transformed into carriers and spreaders of influenza. (eraoflight.com)
- A COVID-19 vaccine is a vaccine intended to provide acquired immunity against COVID-19. (yahoo.com)
- Adjuvants augment the impact of a vaccine providing increased immunity towards any particular infectious disease. (medgadget.com)
- Infection with one results in immunity to that specific virus but not to the other 3. (nih.gov)
- By focusing on the HA stem, the researchers believe the new vaccine candidate could provide wider and longer-lasting immunity. (medscape.com)
- These provide robust immunity but carry a small risk of illness because even a weakened virus can become active and cause disease in rare cases. (yahoo.com)
- The downside to these safer, newer vaccines is that a single dose triggers a less effective immune response than a weakened virus vaccine and often requires repeated vaccinations to get more complete immunity . (yahoo.com)
- They will also need to perform constant surveillance for "variants of concern" that are more transmissible, cause more severe disease, or, especially, are better able to escape the immunity conferred by COVID-19 vaccines. (bigthink.com)
Type of vaccine4
- However, scientists have developed a new type of vaccine that uses a molecule called messenger RNA (mRNA) rather than part of an actual bacteria or virus. (medlineplus.gov)
- The chances of adverse effects vary depending on the specific type of vaccine being administered. (wikipedia.org)
- Release testing involves both standard potency assays and unique assays (particle size, NA activity) developed to ensure the physical, chemical, and biological stability of this type of vaccine. (biopharminternational.com)
- Targeting this type of vaccine response can help us develop a universal vaccine,' said influenza virologist Luis Martinez-Sobrido, PhD, at the University of Rochester in New York. (asm.org)
Efficacy12
- From October 2013 to February 2015, the ACIP HPV Vaccine Work Group reviewed clinical trial data assessing the efficacy, immunogenicity, and safety of 9vHPV, modeling data on cost-effectiveness of 9vHPV, and data on burden of type-specific HPV-associated disease in the United States. (cdc.gov)
- We used a decision model to estimate the length of life and is relatively cost effective even when vaccine efficacy is low. (cdc.gov)
- In our previous studies, we generated replication-deficient (disabled infectious single-cycle [ DISC ]) virus strains for a number of serotypes and reported preliminary data on their protective efficacy in animals. (sciensano.be)
- An experimental vaccine designed to protect against many flu virus strains has yielded promising results in an efficacy trial. (nih.gov)
- Background: A randomised double-blind placebo-controlled phase II study was done to assess the efficacy of a prophylactic quadrivalent vaccine targeting the human papillomavirus (HPV) types associated with 70% of cervical cancers (types 16 and 18) and with 90% of genital warts (types 6 and 11). (johnshopkins.edu)
- This will bring both industry experts and stakeholders working in the areas of vaccine research and development and adjuvant research to reduce side effects and efficacy of new developing vaccines. (medgadget.com)
- The FDA says there is no data that demonstrates vaccine efficacy if the second dose is delayed. (yahoo.com)
- This led to 95% efficacy against the COVID-19 virus. (yahoo.com)
- Findings published this week in mBio , an open access journal of the American Society for Microbiology , suggest that an efficient way to boost the efficacy of vaccines against influenza type B might be hiding in plain sight. (asm.org)
- Background: Influenza virus was used to characterize the efficacy of a cyclone-based, two-stage personal bioaerosol sampler for the collection and size fractionation of aerosolized viral particles. (cdc.gov)
- Therefore, the breadth of RSVPreF3-AS01-elicited neutralization responses may contribute to vaccine efficacy against contemporary RSV strains and those that may emerge in the future. (bvsalud.org)
- Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants of concern challenge the efficacy of approved vaccines, emphasizing the need for updated spike antigens. (bvsalud.org)
Pandemic12
- Novavax is developing pandemic and seasonal influenza vaccines based upon the VLP technology. (pipelinereview.com)
- Using the company's proprietary virus-like particle (VLP) and Novasome(R) adjuvant technologies, Novavax is developing vaccines to protect against H5N1 pandemic influenza, seasonal flu and other viral diseases. (pipelinereview.com)
- Messenger RNA-based vaccines: Past, present, and future directions in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. (medlineplus.gov)
- The pandemic of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a public health emergency, and research on the development of various types of vaccines is rapidly progressing at an unprecedented development speed internationally. (nature.com)
- The Globe and Mail is tracking Canada's purchases and the progress of vaccines still in development to answer the most pressing questions for Canadians about the way out of the pandemic. (theglobeandmail.com)
- Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, work to develop a vaccine against the coronavirus diseases SARS and MERS had established knowledge about the structure and function of coronaviruses, which accelerated development during early 2020 of varied technology platforms for a COVID‑19 vaccine. (yahoo.com)
- CELTURA is a vaccine used to prevent influenza (flu) in an officially declared pandemic. (who.int)
- Seasonal influenza is a perpetual public health challenge, and we continually face the possibility of an influenza pandemic resulting from the emergence and spread of novel influenza viruses," Anthony S. Fauci, MD, director of NIAID, said in a news release. (medscape.com)
- The vaccine candidate development is part of a larger initiative to develop a universal vaccine candidate that can provide durable protection for individuals of all ages and against multiple influenza subtypes, including those with the potential to cause a pandemic. (medscape.com)
- Vaccines are the mainstay of the efforts to quell the COVID-19 pandemic. (bigthink.com)
- Prospects for poorer countries are very different, however, for every aspect of the pandemic - cases, hospitalization, deaths, and ability to suppress the pandemic with vaccines - which are, for many reasons, more elusive than for wealthier countries. (bigthink.com)
- Influenza A(H7N9) viruses remain as a high pandemic threat. (bvsalud.org)
Moderna6
- Two vaccines, one by Pfizer and one by Moderna, use messenger RNA (mRNA) technology . (seiu.org)
- The use of genetic instructions makes the Johnson & Johnson vaccine similar to, but not exactly the same as the Pfizer and Moderna vaccines. (seiu.org)
- For the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine, the interval is 28 days . (yahoo.com)
- The Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna mRNA vaccines, for example, which have cold chain limitations (an uninterrupted series of refrigerated production, storage, and distribution requirements), would be difficult to distribute in resource-poor settings such as rural India or Africa. (bigthink.com)
- Making a freeze-dried version of mRNA vaccines such as Pfizer and Moderna may be feasible but could be cost-prohibitive for a global market. (bigthink.com)
- The vaccines created by Moderna and Pfizer and BioNTech work by giving people's cells a strand of messenger RNA. (hhmi.org)
Doses16
- Novavax's particulate vaccines closely match disease-causing viruses while lacking the genetic material to cause disease, which provides potential for greater immune protection at lower doses than current vaccines. (pipelinereview.com)
- To increase immune response, adjuvants may be used with the subunit vaccines, or booster doses may be required. (wikipedia.org)
- How many COVID-19 vaccine doses is Canada getting and when will you get your shot? (theglobeandmail.com)
- The federal government signed contracts to buy 234 million vaccine doses, with options to buy 164 million more. (theglobeandmail.com)
- If all of those vaccines get Health Canada authorization, then Ottawa would buy 234 million vaccine doses. (theglobeandmail.com)
- NIAID investigator Matthew J. Memoli, M.D., designed and led the trial, which involved administering one or two doses of the experimental vaccine or a placebo injection to healthy adults. (nih.gov)
- 23 of 42 volunteers (54.8%) experienced MMID, defined as virus shedding and clinical influenza symptoms, while 15 out of 41 (36.6%) volunteers in the two FLU-v doses group and 13 out of 40 (32.5 %) of those who received one dose of FLU-v experienced MMID. (nih.gov)
- Other vaccines in development require 2 or 3 injections at higher doses to achieve similar results. (nih.gov)
- To protect as many people as possible from COVID-19, the U.K.'s medical officers have chosen to prioritize distribution of a first vaccine dose to as many people as possible - by delaying the second doses of the Pfizer/BioNTech COVID vaccine up to 12 weeks from the recommended 3-4. (yahoo.com)
- Nevertheless, the Food and Drug Administration has reminded the medical community of the importance of receiving both doses of COVID-19 vaccines in line with the way they were tested in clinical trials. (yahoo.com)
- Altering vaccine doses seems an easy fix to stretch limited supplies and provide vaccines for more vulnerable populations. (yahoo.com)
- Many current human vaccines, such as against tetanus , hepatitis B , measles , polio and HPV , require two doses: the first to prime the immune system and the second to boost the immune response. (yahoo.com)
- For the AstraZeneca vaccine, the trial is for two doses 28 days apart. (yahoo.com)
- In clinical trials, the two doses of the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine were taken three weeks apart. (yahoo.com)
- Likewise, over 24 million people - less than two percent of the population - have been fully vaccinated in Africa ( according to the Africa C.D.C. ). Currently, a meager 0.3 percent of the vaccine doses that have been administered around the world have been provided to the 29 poorest countries. (bigthink.com)
- While 17 of the 18 monkeys that got two doses of the vaccine were completely protected, all six monkeys given a single, weaker dose became infected with Zika. (cosmosmagazine.com)
Antigens7
- Capsid virus -like particles (cVLPs), assembled from viral coat proteins , are used as therapeutic cargo delivery vehicles as well as molecular scaffolds for display of vaccine antigens . (bvsalud.org)
- Here, we describe considerations for the design of vaccine antigens with genetically fused split- protein (Tag or Catcher) binding partners and provide protocols for the expression and purification of corresponding Tag- or Catcher-AP205 cVLPs from E.coli. (bvsalud.org)
- The first certified subunit vaccine by clinical trials on humans is the hepatitis B vaccine, containing the surface antigens of the hepatitis B virus itself from infected patients and adjusted by newly developed technology aiming to enhance the vaccine safety and eliminate possible contamination through individuals plasma. (wikipedia.org)
- An effective vaccine would elicit the immune response to the antigens and form immunological memory that allows quick recognition of the pathogens and quick response to future infections. (wikipedia.org)
- A drawback is that the specific antigens used in a subunit vaccine may lack pathogen-associated molecular patterns which are common to a class of pathogen. (wikipedia.org)
- Another drawback is that the antigens do not infect cells, so the immune response to the subunit vaccines may only be antibody-mediated, not cell-mediated, and as a result, is weaker than those elicited by other types of vaccines. (wikipedia.org)
- Modern vaccines are safer because they increasingly rely on only parts of the virus, called antigens. (yahoo.com)
Infection11
- It is recommended that mRNA COVID-19 vaccines should be offered to individuals 6 months of age and older with previous SARS-CoV-2 infection without contraindications to the vaccine. (canada.ca)
- Vaccines help prevent infection by preparing the body to fight foreign invaders (such as bacteria, viruses, or other pathogens). (medlineplus.gov)
- The primary endpoint was the combined incidence of infection with HPV 6, 11, 16, or 18, or cervical or external genital disease (ie, persistent HPV infection, HPV detection at the last recorded visit, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, cervical cancer, or external genital lesions caused by the HPV types in the vaccine). (johnshopkins.edu)
- Interpretation: A vaccine targeting HPV types 6, 11, 16, 18 could substantially reduce the acquisition of infection and clinical disease caused by common HPV types. (johnshopkins.edu)
- Protection offered by Covid - 19 vaccines against infection with the novel coronavirus is. (yahoo.com)
- Studies have found that infection with one virus type increases the risk for severe dengue fever from a different dengue virus. (nih.gov)
- and (3) look for serologic markers of infection from the AIDS virus in vaccine recipients. (cdc.gov)
- Current research has focused on the determinants of infection with oncogenic HPV types, the assessment of prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines and the development of screening strategies incorporating HPV testing and other methods as adjunct to cytology. (cmaj.ca)
- Despite weak knowledge of genital warts and HPV infection, acceptability of the HPV vaccine was 76.8% (95% CI: 73.3-79.9%) among mothers and 68.9% (95% CI: 65.2-72.5%) among fathers. (who.int)
- Mice that received a vaccine made from a hybrid spike protein resisted infection from several coronaviruses, researchers report. (hhmi.org)
- Screening for Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Adolescents and Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement. (cdc.gov)
Effective vaccine3
- Virus-like particles thus represent a safe and effective vaccine platform for inducing potent B- and T-cell responses. (ox.ac.uk)
- In the new study, the scientists tested tetravalent combinations of the most effective vaccine candidates against each of the 4 viruses. (nih.gov)
- An effective vaccine should produce immunological memory similar to or better than what is acquired by exposure to the natural disease - but without causing the disease. (yahoo.com)
Prophylactic2
Current vaccines2
- It is also possible that the U.S. will be poised to divert domestic production to making new vaccines that will overcome "immune evasiveness" in subjects vaccinated with current vaccines. (bigthink.com)
- She points out that the researchers' "mix-and-match" approach appears to be broadly protective against multiple coronaviruses in mice, offering a level of protection that current vaccines cannot provide. (hhmi.org)
Infectious14
- Novavax Inc. is committed to leading the global fight against infectious disease by creating novel, highly potent vaccines that are safer and more effective than current preventive options. (pipelinereview.com)
- The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases provides in-depth information about the COVID-19 vaccines. (medlineplus.gov)
- Virus-like particle (VLP) vaccinations are those that have the structure of viruses but do not contain infectious genetic material. (singaporeoutlook.com)
- The rising occurrence of infectious diseases such as HPV, hepatitis B, and certain malignancies drives the need for effective vaccines, boosting growth in the VLP vaccine market. (singaporeoutlook.com)
- Additionally, recombinant subunit vaccines are popular candidates for the development of vaccines against infectious diseases (e.g. tuberculosis, dengue) Recombinant subunit vaccines are considered to be safe for injection. (wikipedia.org)
- Dr. Memoli and his colleagues in NIAID's Laboratory of Infectious Diseases developed both the challenge virus strain and model of human influenza challenge used in this trial. (nih.gov)
- The bombshell finding is documented in a study entitled Infectious virus in exhaled breath of symptomatic seasonal influenza cases from a college community . (eraoflight.com)
- Fig. 2 from the study: Viral shedding: (A) infectious influenza virus (fluorescent focus counts) in NP swabs and fine aerosols and (B) RNA copies in NP swabs, coarse, and fine aerosols. (eraoflight.com)
- C and D) Scatter plots and Spearman correlation coefficients of infectious virus plotted against RNA copies for (C) NP swabs and for (D) fine-aerosol samples. (eraoflight.com)
- The global market is driven by the recent surge in infectious diseases, extensive research on vaccines, and funding from the government. (medgadget.com)
- The vaccines - developed by scientists at NIH's National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) - were live-attenuated vaccines. (nih.gov)
- The NIH's National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) hopes to develop a vaccine that will overcome the challenges associated with seasonal changes among influenza strains. (medscape.com)
- Experiments on human cells in the lab suggested that the agents worked by blocking the release of infectious particles. (asm.org)
- Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus is highly infectious by the aerosol route, and numerous laboratory infections have occurred, making it a possible biowarfare agent. (medscape.com)
Immunogenicity5
- The recognition of the potent immunogenicity and commercial potential for virus-like particles has greatly accelerated research and development activities. (ox.ac.uk)
- Adjuvant is defined as a substance which in combination with vaccine invigorates antigen specific immune reactions to increase specificity and immunogenicity of marketed vaccines administered in any individual. (medgadget.com)
- Adjuvant imparts beneficial effects to vaccines in several ways such as increasing its potency to grasp the higher degree of immunogenicity, reducing the number of repeated vaccinations, antigen dose reduction, widening antibody responses of the individual, and inducing T-cell responses. (medgadget.com)
- The trial will examine the safety and tolerability of the vaccine (H1ssF_3928) as well as its immunogenicity in healthy volunteers. (medscape.com)
- We aimed to assess the reactogenicity, safety, and immunogenicity of adjuvanted and unadjuvanted investigational supra-seasonal universal influenza virus vaccines (SUIVs) in healthy young adults. (bvsalud.org)
Dengue Virus Particles1
- Round dengue virus particles revealed in a tissue specimen. (nih.gov)
20208
- Several vaccines for COVID-19 had been authorized for use in Canada since December 2020. (canada.ca)
- In March 2020 , iBio, Inc. announced that the immunization studies for its SARS-CoV-2 Virus-Like Particle ("VLP") program ("IBIO-200") were underway at Texas A&M University System ("TAMUS") laboratories. (singaporeoutlook.com)
- The new report on 2020 Vaccine Adjuvants Market analysis, size, share, growth, trends and forecasts, focuses on customers research requirements and try to provide in-depth details on market trends. (medgadget.com)
- The global Vaccine Adjuvants Market was valued at USD 585.3 million in 2019 and is expected to reach U SD 1,305.7 million by 2027 , growing at a CAGR of 10.68% during 2020-2027 according to a new study by Polaris Market Research. (medgadget.com)
- European Union (EU) through EU programme Horizon 2020, has formed ENOVA, a network on vaccine adjuvants. (medgadget.com)
- In February 2020, GSK and Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI) collaborated to ease the out nCOV vaccine development with GSK's vaccine adjuvant platform for other players in vaccine development. (medgadget.com)
- As COVID-19 began to spread worldwide in the early months of 2020, the world awaited a vaccine that could protect against the coronavirus that caused the disease. (hhmi.org)
- Dating back to the 19th century, a slew of vaccines have been developed for many of humanity's most pervasive pathogens, from the very first vaccine in 1798 for smallpox to cholera and typhoid in 1896 to the COVID-19 vaccines in 2020-but no common cold vaccine. (popsci.com)
Antigen6
- A versatile vaccine platform has been developed based on the Acinetobacter phage AP205 cVLP, which has been shown to significantly improve antigen -specific antibody responses . (bvsalud.org)
- Immunization of human MUC1 transgenic mice, where MUC1 is a self-antigen, with the VLP vaccine induced MUC1-specific CTL, delayed the growth of MUC1 transplanted tumors and elicited complete tumor rejection in some animals. (johnshopkins.edu)
- The vaccine currently licensed in the United States is produced from pooled plasma of hepatitis B surface antigen-positive individuals, some of whom are also in high-risk groups for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). (cdc.gov)
- Virus infectivity was assayed by adding the treated material to cultured lymphocytes and periodically monitoring these for signs of viral replication (reverse transcriptase activity and virus antigen expression) (1) and in the case of HTLV-I and HTLV-II, transformation (2,3). (cdc.gov)
- In the case of COVID-19, the antigen is the spike protein that enables the SARS-CoV-2 virus to enter cells. (yahoo.com)
- Advantages of DNA vaccines include the ability to rapidly test multiple candidate antigen designs," they said. (cosmosmagazine.com)
Ribonucleic acid4
- These include messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) vaccines, protein subunit and virus-like particle (VLP) vaccines, and non-replicating viral vector vaccines. (canada.ca)
- The second approach, which attempted to detect AIDS virus-related nucleic acid sequences using dot blot hybridization analysis of the vaccine with an AIDS virus deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) probe, was done at MSD using as a positive control infected cellular (ribonucleic acid) RNA preparations provided by CDC. (cdc.gov)
- Zika is an RNA (ribonucleic acid) virus from the Flaviviridae family. (cosmosmagazine.com)
- Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus is a positive-strand, unsegmented ribonucleic acid (RNA) virus. (medscape.com)
Candidates6
- We targeted an essential gene to develop disabled virus strains as vaccine candidates. (sciensano.be)
- The federal government has signed contracts to buy seven COVID-19 vaccine candidates. (theglobeandmail.com)
- COVID-19 vaccine candidates. (theglobeandmail.com)
- In previous work, a research team led by Dr. Anna Durbin of Johns Hopkins University tested vaccine candidates against each dengue virus. (nih.gov)
- What is promising about TV003 is that it elicited solid antibody responses after just one dose," explains NIAID's Dr. Stephen Whitehead, who led development of the vaccine candidates. (nih.gov)
- It is not recommended in patients who are immunocompromised, and so there is a subset of our patients who are not [good candidates] for the Zostavax [vaccine]. (medscape.com)
Universal influenza5
- FLU-v is an example of a "universal" influenza vaccine candidate, a still-experimental vaccine that may provide long-lasting protection against most or all flu strains. (nih.gov)
- Researchers are conducting the first-in-human trial of a universal influenza vaccine candidate, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) announced April 3. (medscape.com)
- This phase 1 clinical trial is a step forward in our efforts to develop a durable and broadly protective universal influenza vaccine. (medscape.com)
- A team of VRC scientists developed the universal influenza vaccine prototype. (medscape.com)
- BACKGROUND: One strategy to develop a universal influenza virus vaccine is to redirect the immune system to the highly conserved haemagglutinin stalk domain by sequentially administering vaccines expressing chimeric (c) haemagglutinins with a conserved stalk domain and divergent head domain, to which humans are naive. (bvsalud.org)
Bring a therapeut1
- Typically, a royalty-bearing exclusive license agreement with the right to sublicense is given to a company from NIH to use patents, materials, or other assets to bring a therapeutic or vaccine product concept to market. (nih.gov)
Live attenuated virus1
- Now, the Zostavax [vaccine] is a live attenuated virus. (medscape.com)
Protein subunits5
- These protein subunits can assemble into virus particles without viral RNA genome in mammalian cells to study virus-cell entry 2 and to develop vaccines 3 . (nature.com)
- Large assemblies of proteins such as viruses often use a small number of types of protein subunits as building blocks. (wikipedia.org)
- Another protein-based approach involves self‐assembly of multiple protein subunits into a Virus-like particle (VLP) or nanoparticle. (wikipedia.org)
- Virus capsids, filaments, flagel a, and other large protein complexes that are central to many biological processes are generated by protein self-assembly, whereby protein subunits spontaneously organize to form functional complexes. (lu.se)
- The shel s of many viruses are made up by only a single type of subunit and can often form from a solution of purified protein subunits (they self-assemble). (lu.se)
Broadly protective1
- Researchers mixed and matched components of spike proteins from different coronaviruses to make a vaccine that is broadly protective in mice. (hhmi.org)
Elicit3
- A subunit vaccine is a vaccine that contains purified parts of the pathogen that are antigenic, or necessary to elicit a protective immune response. (wikipedia.org)
- The nasal version of the Oxford/ AstraZeneca COVID vaccine failed to elicit an antibody response in. (yahoo.com)
- By tuning a vaccine to elicit more of an NA-related response like the one found in our studies, we could go further in developing a universal vaccine. (asm.org)
Proteins12
- Vaccines using supra- molecular structures composed of multiple copies of recombinantly expressed viral structural proteins . (online-medical-dictionary.org)
- Spike proteins are seen surrounding the outer membrane of each virus particle. (medlineplus.gov)
- A "subunit" vaccine doesn't contain the whole pathogen, unlike live attenuated or inactivated vaccine, but contains only the antigenic parts such as proteins, polysaccharides or peptides. (wikipedia.org)
- The FLU-v vaccine is designed to stimulate production of these flu-specific CTLs by targeting several proteins inside the virus that do not vary much from strain to strain, meaning that CTL responses against them may be effective against many virus strains. (nih.gov)
- The vaccine contains DNA that codes for specific proteins from a pathogen. (cosmosmagazine.com)
- Existing flu vaccines contain proteins found on flu particles. (asm.org)
- However, those proteins mutate at a rapid clip every year, giving rise to new seasonal flu strains that are resistant to existing vaccines. (asm.org)
- The virus surface has only about one-fourth as many NA proteins as HAs. (asm.org)
- The crown-like halo surrounding SARS-CoV-2 virus particles (shown) is made of molecules called spike proteins. (hhmi.org)
- By combining different parts of coronavirus spike proteins (one shown here), scientists created a new kind of mRNA vaccine. (hhmi.org)
- In this project we wil rebuild one of these amazing protein assemblies, spherical virus capsids, to function as nanoscale chemical reactors and containers for gene delivery of proteins into human cel s. (lu.se)
- In spherical viruses capsid proteins forms icosahedral shel s with hundreds of subunits. (lu.se)
Infect4
- The study, which examined 355 volunteers who were sick with flu-like symptoms, found that people who previously received flu shots emitted sharply higher quantities of flu virus particles that can infect other people. (eraoflight.com)
- The oral vaccine uses a live weakened virus, which -- in rare cases -- can spread through fecal matter and infect unvaccinated individuals. (go.com)
- As a result, the virus loses the ability to replicate and infect other cells. (asm.org)
- Both these viruses closely resemble those that infect bats. (hhmi.org)
COVID-19 Vaccine12
- A complete primary series with an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine may be offered to children 6 months to less than 5 years of age and should be offered to children 5 to 11 years of age without contraindications to the authorized vaccine, with a dosing interval of at least 8 weeks between the first and second dose. (canada.ca)
- A complete primary series, preferentially with an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine, should be offered to individuals 12 years of age and older without contraindications to the vaccine. (canada.ca)
- A first booster dose of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine should be offered to adults 18 years of age and older and select children and adolescents 5 to 17 years of age. (canada.ca)
- A first booster of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine may also be offered to all other children and adolescents 5 to 17 years of age. (canada.ca)
- It is recommended that an authorized protein subunit COVID-19 vaccine (Novavax Nuvaxovid) should be offered to individuals in the authorized age groups without contraindications to the vaccine who are not able or willing to receive an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine. (canada.ca)
- Getting the jab done: When can Canadians expect to get a COVID-19 vaccine? (theglobeandmail.com)
- The use of the Oxford/ AstraZeneca Covid - 19 vaccine in vulnerable people may be resulting in a lower. (yahoo.com)
- One of the professors who helped create a COVID - 19 vaccine that is widely distributed in the United. (yahoo.com)
- Some people who get a COVID-19 vaccine will experience side effects. (seiu.org)
- The COVID-19 vaccine may not protect you until a week or two after your second shot (dose). (seiu.org)
- For the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine, the studied and approved interval is 21 days between the first and second dose. (yahoo.com)
- Find COVID-19 vaccine or booster locations near you, then call or visit their website to make an appointment. (cdc.gov)
Recipients3
- For all vaccines, some adverse events are reported to be very common (defined as 10% or more) among vaccine recipients. (canada.ca)
- Previous human influenza challenge trials conducted in the NIH Clinical Center's Special Clinical Studies Unit by Dr. Memoli demonstrated that the challenge virus reliably causes MMID in most recipients. (nih.gov)
- Previous workers have reported that sera of HB vaccine recipients did not show helper-T/supressor-T ratio inversion, a finding common in AIDS patients (5). (cdc.gov)
Novavax3
- We are delighted to have completed this license agreement with Wyeth and see this license as another important step in building a strong intellectual property position for our influenza vaccine programs,' stated Rahul Singhvi, President and Chief Executive Officer of Novavax, Inc. (pipelinereview.com)
- With an exclusive portable manufacturing system that allows for rapid mass-production of vaccines, Novavax is uniquely positioned to meet global public health needs. (pipelinereview.com)
- A fourth, Novavax, is a subunit protein vaccine and requires two shots. (seiu.org)
Pathogens1
- Because the vaccine doesn't contain "live" components of the pathogen, there is no risk of introducing the disease, and is safer and more stable than vaccines containing whole pathogens. (wikipedia.org)
MRNA vaccine1
- Individuals who get an mRNA vaccine are not exposed to the virus, nor can they become infected with the virus by the vaccine. (medlineplus.gov)
Subunit vaccines4
- The first recombinant subunit vaccine was produced in the mid-1980s to protect people from Hepatitis B. Other recombinant subunit vaccines licensed include Engerix-B (hepatitis B), Gardasil 9 (Human Papillomavirus), Flublok(influenza), Shingrix (Herpes zoster) and Nuvaxovid (Coronavirus disease 2019). (wikipedia.org)
- Basic components of recombinant subunit vaccines include recombinant subunits, adjuvants and carriers. (wikipedia.org)
- Subunit vaccines contain fragments of the pathogen, such as protein or polysaccharide, whose combinations are carefully selected to induce a strong and effective immune response. (wikipedia.org)
- Protein subunit vaccines are generally made through protein production, manipulating the gene expression of an organism so that it expresses large amounts of a recombinant gene. (wikipedia.org)
Coronavirus vaccines2
- So far, current coronavirus vaccines seem to be holding up against the variants. (hhmi.org)
- S2D14 may be a useful scaffold or tool for the design of future coronavirus vaccines, and the approaches used for the design of S2D14 may be broadly applicable to streamline vaccine discovery. (bvsalud.org)
Field of vaccine development1
- These growth factors work together to propel the VLP vaccine market forward, making it a promising and active sector within the larger field of vaccine development. (singaporeoutlook.com)
Vaccinations2
- Shockingly, people who received prior flu shot vaccinations were found to emit 6.3 times (or 630%) the number of flu virus particles emitted by non-vaccinated individuals. (eraoflight.com)
- Even when safe and effective vaccines became available and vaccinations ticked up, however, scientists warned that new variants might break through the vaccine's protection. (hhmi.org)
Strains11
- In addition, the establishment and recent spread of lineage II WNV virus strains into Western Europe and the presence of neurovirulent and neuroinvasive strains among them is a cause of major concern. (mdpi.com)
- First, we demonstrated the genetic stabilities of these vaccine strains and also the complementing cell line. (sciensano.be)
- Furthermore, to test if mixtures of different vaccine strains could be tolerated, we tested cocktails of DISC vaccines in combinations of three or six different serotypes in sheep and cattle, the two natural hosts of BTV. (sciensano.be)
- Protection was also achieved in cattle with a mixture of three vaccine strains, albeit at a lesser level than in sheep. (sciensano.be)
- Our data support and validate the suitability of these virus strains as the next-generation vaccines for BTV. (sciensano.be)
- The results presented in this report further substantiate our previous evidence and support the suitability of these virus strains as the next-generation BTV vaccines. (sciensano.be)
- Therefore, flu vaccines must be re-formulated and administered annually to match newly arising strains. (nih.gov)
- While these epizootic strains are virulent in equines and humans, the enzootic Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus serotypes ID, IE, and IIIA can cause illness in humans but not in equines. (medscape.com)
- Add in all the C rhinovirus types (more than 50), then cram in RSV's virus types ( more than 40 ), and that same vaccine would have to be packed with more than 200 strains. (popsci.com)
- The RSVPreF3-AS01 vaccine, containing the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) prefusion F protein and the AS01 adjuvant, was previously shown to boost neutralization responses against historical RSV strains and to be efficacious in preventing RSV-associated lower respiratory tract diseases in older adults. (bvsalud.org)
- Vaccines are available to protect against many of the HPV strains that can cause genital warts and cancer. (msdmanuals.com)
Development15
- The current CBMS-JVAP portfolio includes vaccines at varying stages of clinical development in addition to FDA licensed vaccines. (globalbiodefense.com)
- Furthermore, rising governmental and private sector investments in VLP vaccine research and development stimulate innovation and propel the industry ahead. (singaporeoutlook.com)
- This has decreased the barriers to vaccine development. (singaporeoutlook.com)
- 13 predicted the VLP of HBcAg-exposing epitopes of SARS-CoV-2 by an immunoinformatics approach towards the development of a vaccine against SARS-CoV-2. (nature.com)
- A surge in new approaches to produce highly attenuated, safer vaccines was evident after the development of the BTV reverse-genetics system that allows the introduction of targeted mutations in the virus genome. (sciensano.be)
- Dr Gary T. Jennings CEO of Saiba Animal Health AG commented, "The encouraging result we achieved with the CAD vaccine (VC002) in a dog model of atopic dermatitis is a significant development milestone and suggests VC002 has the potential to make an important contribution to the treatment of this devastating condition. (saiba-animalhealth.com)
- VC002 is a therapeutic vaccine in development for the treatment of canine atopic dermatitis (CAD). (saiba-animalhealth.com)
- To speed up the process of nCOV vaccine development big players are collaborating with industry stakeholders. (medgadget.com)
- With further development, the vaccine may help ease the burden of dengue fever in developing countries. (nih.gov)
- Various COVID-19 vaccines under development are based on a synthetic spike protein or its genetic code. (yahoo.com)
- If development is successful, the vaccine would be tested in humans, Duke said in an announcement made Monday. (wraltechwire.com)
- The pace of their development and refinement has been astonishing, but the characteristics of many of the available vaccines will make getting them to poor countries challenging. (bigthink.com)
- This development could compromise the capacity to scale up manufacturing to provide global access to vaccines, further widening the gap between vaccine haves and have-nots, particularly in low resource settings where scaling access, distribution, refrigeration, and affordability are problematic. (bigthink.com)
- For this reason the US Army has been active in vaccine development resaerch. (medscape.com)
- That was considered the major obstacle in development of those vaccines," Bochkov says. (popsci.com)
Immune response7
- All vaccines introduce into the body a harmless piece of a particular bacteria or virus, triggering an immune response. (medlineplus.gov)
- They are a safe and effective method of stimulating an immune response to certain diseases, such as viruses. (singaporeoutlook.com)
- A key step in creating a recombinant protein vaccine is the identification and isolation of a protein subunit from the pathogen which is likely to trigger a strong and effective immune response, without including the parts of the virus or bacterium that enable the pathogen to reproduce. (wikipedia.org)
- The purpose of increasing the vaccine's surface similarity to a whole virus particle (but not its ability to spread) is to trigger a stronger immune response. (wikipedia.org)
- Just one dose of a low-cost vaccine proved safe and stimulated a strong immune response against the dengue virus in most participants in an early-stage clinical trial. (nih.gov)
- These vaccines contain weakened viruses that don't cause illness but can still induce an immune response. (nih.gov)
- These side effects are actually common with all vaccines: they are a sign that a vaccine is working and triggering an immune response. (seiu.org)
Humans3
- With an estimated 390 million infections per year, the four serotypes of dengue virus (DENV) cause the most important mosquito-borne viral disease in humans. (ox.ac.uk)
- Ebola virus (EBOV) causes severe hemorrhagic fevers in humans, and no approved therapeutics or vaccine is currently available. (frontiersin.org)
- The success of the vaccine in mice suggests that a similar strategy in humans could potentially offer protection from future outbreaks, says Martinez, an immunologist at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. (hhmi.org)
Recombinant subunit1
- Subunit vaccine can be made from dissembled viral particles in cell culture or recombinant DNA expression, in which case it is a recombinant subunit vaccine. (wikipedia.org)
Therapeutics1
Capsid6
- Design and Purification of Tag/Catcher AP205-Based Capsid Virus-Like Particle Vaccines. (bvsalud.org)
- Parts of the protein shell or capsid of a virus are often suitable. (wikipedia.org)
- Recombinant DNA technology is used to prepare HPV vaccines from the major capsid (L1) protein of HPV. (msdmanuals.com)
- The capsid serves two purposes: to protect the genome from the outside and to trick cel s into incorporating the virus. (lu.se)
- In this thesis project you wil work on characterizing a synthetic variant of a capsid protein from a natural virus that has been designed using computational structural modeling. (lu.se)
- You wil study the self-assembly properties of the capsid protein and demonstrate that a fluorescent protein, GFP, can be selectively be encapsulated into synthetic virus capsids. (lu.se)
Clinical trials3
- Grace Chen, MD, of the NIAID's Vaccine Research Center (VRC) Clinical Trials Program, is leading the study at the NIH Clinical Center in Bethesda, Maryland. (medscape.com)
- These decisions have opened up a rift between experts because some support giving a single vaccine dose to as many people as possible, while others want to vaccinate according to the protocol used during the clinical trials. (yahoo.com)
- The Multiplex Luminex assay was conducted at Merck Research Laboratories using their protocol established for vaccine clinical trials. (cdc.gov)
Seasonal influenza1
- All the volunteers were later exposed to a strain of seasonal influenza virus under carefully controlled conditions. (nih.gov)
Immunology1
- Zürich Switzerland 11th of April 2018 - Saiba Animal Health AG today announced the publication of Proof of Concept data for a vaccine for treating canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) in the renowned Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. (saiba-animalhealth.com)
Human vaccines1
- worldwide license agreement with Wyeth (NYSE: WYE), to obtain rights to a patent application covering virus-like particle (VLP) technology for use in human vaccines in certain fields of use. (pipelinereview.com)
Preparations1
- Methods: 277 young women (mean age 20·2 years [SD 1·7]) were randomly assigned to quadrivalent HPV (20 μg type 6, 40 μg type 11, 40 μg type 16, and 20 μg type 18) L1 virus-like-particle (VLP) vaccine and 275 (mean age 20·0 years [1·7]) to one of two placebo preparations at day 1, month 2, and month 6. (johnshopkins.edu)
Adverse1
- Green Med Info has published 500 studies that document the adverse effects (and injury) of vaccines. (eraoflight.com)
Enough vaccines2
- But while the government says it's possible that could happen with more vaccine approvals, so far the country has secured enough vaccines to inoculate 13 million people within that time frame. (theglobeandmail.com)
- Although the U.S. has purchased more than enough vaccines for its entire population, it may choose to hold onto some of its excess in case booster shots of existing vaccines are required this fall or early next year. (bigthink.com)