Tuberculosis miliary. Medical search. Frequent questions

Miliary tuberculosis is characterized by a chronic, contagious bacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis that has spread to other organs of the body by the blood or lymph system. (medlineplus.gov)
After initial inhalation of TB bacilli, miliary tuberculosis may occur as primary TB or may develop years after the initial infection. (medscape.com)
Miliary tuberculosis following negative latent tuberculosis infection screening prior to tumor necrosis factor-α antagonists: implications for management? (pneumotox.com)
is a contagious infection caused by the airborne bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis . (msdmanuals.com)
Diagnosis Tuberculosis is a chronic contagious infection caused by the airborne bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis . (msdmanuals.com)
A 28-year-old male patient, recently diagnosed with HIV infection and miliary tuberculosis (TB) based on characteristic chest CT findings and positive sputum culture, presented to the emergency department with new onset of ataxia (Figure 1A). (medscape.com)
The ATS-CDC recommendations are contained, for the most part, in three official joint statements: 'Diagnostic Standards and Classification of Tuberculosis,' 'Treatment of Tuberculosis and Tuberculosis Infection in Adults and Children,' and 'Control of Tuberculosis. (cdc.gov)
The development of specific chemotherapeutic agents has revolutionized the prognosis of tuberculosis and tuberculous infection, making tuberculosis truly curable and preventable. (cdc.gov)
Although patients with tuberculosis also generate larger particles containing numerous bacilli, these particles do not serve as effective vehicles for transmission of infection because they do not remain airborne, and if inhaled, do not reach alveoli. (cdc.gov)
Disseminated tuberculosis is a mycobacterial infection in which mycobacteria have spread from the lungs to other parts of the body through the blood or lymph system . (mountsinai.org)
Tuberculosis generally affects the lungs, but may cause infection in many other organs in the body. (mountsinai.org)
Tuberculosis usually appears as a lung (pulmonary) infection. (mountsinai.org)
Tuberculosis (TB) infection can develop after breathing in droplets sprayed into the air from a cough or sneeze by someone infected with the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacterium. (mountsinai.org)
Laboratory analysis of sputum taken from the infected person is needed to distinguish a MAC infection from tuberculosis. (merckmanuals.com)
It can show some differences between tuberculosis and a MAC infection. (merckmanuals.com)
Physicians should obtain a thorough history focusing on risk behaviors for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and tuberculosis. (nih.gov)
In general, the same regimens are used to treat pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis, and responses to antituberculous therapy are similar in patients with HIV infection and in those without. (nih.gov)
It is biologically protected from infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, probably because of the presence of pancreatic enzymes. (who.int)
Tuberculosis infection occurs when M. tuberculosis is present in a dormant or latent state. (aafp.org)
The purpose of this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is to support research that will identify changes in immune mechanisms and markers because of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb ) exposure, infection or disease in pediatric populations exposed to or infected with HIV-1. (nih.gov)
Paulo Renato Zuquim Antas , " Current Diagnosis of Infant Tuberculosis Infection ", Bentham Science Publishers (2012). (benthamscience.com)
Natural History of Tuberculosis in the Human Host: Infection, Latency and Active Disease. (benthamscience.com)
There are three pathways that lead to illness: the progression of the primary infection, the exogenous reinfection, and the endogenous reactivation, (which is usually the basis for the post-primary or secondary tuberculosis in adults). (benthamscience.com)
More recently, a new diagnostic method, interferon-gamma enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (QuantiFERON TB-gold in tube, (QFT-2G), has been developed to detect latent tuberculosis infection. (cdlib.org)
24 pulmonary tuberculosis patients and 57 patients with M. tuberculosis infection served as controls. (biomedcentral.com)
while 1 in every 3 human beings on earth has been exposed to Mycobacterium tuberculosis and has latent tuberculosis infection [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

During the last years it is more than evident that the prevalence of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TB), mainly in western European countries, has risen significantly. (biomedcentral.com)
Diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis is often difficult. (biomedcentral.com)
Pott's disease, is a rare presentation of extrapulmonary tuberculosis that affects spine, vertebrae and intevertebral joints. (biomedcentral.com)
The diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis can be elusive, necessitating a high index of suspicion. (nih.gov)
Novel diagnostic modalities such as adenosine deaminase levels and polymerase chain reaction can be useful in certain forms of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. (nih.gov)
How much do patients and doctors know about extrapulmonary tuberculosis? (ers-education.org)
Crohn's disease or extrapulmonary tuberculosis? (ers-education.org)
In this pilot study, we identified 6 novel variants not previously known to be associated with extrapulmonary tuberculosis, including two SNPs more common in persons with extrapulmonary than pulmonary tuberculosis. (biomedcentral.com)
This provides some support for the hypothesis that the pathogenesis and genetic predisposition to extrapulmonary tuberculosis differs from pulmonary tuberculosis. (biomedcentral.com)
Further study of these novel SNPs, and more well-powered genome-wide studies of extrapulmonary tuberculosis, is warranted. (biomedcentral.com)
With a global tuberculosis prevalence of 11.1 million cases,[ 4 ] this suggests a global prevalence of extrapulmonary tuberculosis of 2.2 million cases. (biomedcentral.com)

Herein, we describe the different forms of CNS tuberculosis including meningitis, cerebritis, cerebral abscesses, tuberculomas, miliary tuberculosis, and spinal or calvarial involvement [ 5 - 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
Meningitis is the most common manifestation of CNS tuberculosis which is most frequently seen in the children and adolescents [ 8 , 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
omoigake-nai gappei-syō, nōmaku-en [case of meningitis with unexpected complications (many miliary tubercles in brain and lungs, etc. (nih.gov)
Adjunctive corticosteroids may be beneficial in patients with tuberculous meningitis, tuberculous pericarditis, or miliary tuberculosis with refractory hypoxemia. (nih.gov)
A larger number of children with TB meningitis or miliary TB have a skin test that is initially nonreactive. (aafp.org)
Unlike the adult disease childhood TB is characterized by high rates of disseminated disease (TB meningitis, miliary TB). (nih.gov)

We have recently experienced a case of multiple brain tuberculoma associated with miliary pulmonary tuberculosis, which was diagnosed by brain C-T scan. (e-trd.org)
Cavernous tuberculosis of the lung (disseminated) is a very severe form of tuberculosis that arises from the pulmonary infiltrate by disintegration (necrosis) of the caseous tuberculoma. (medicspark.com)

Miliary TB may infect any number of organs, including the lungs, liver, and spleen. (wikipedia.org)
Tuberculosis usually affects the lungs in one or a few locations. (msdmanuals.com)
Miliary tuberculosis is so named because the innumerable tiny spots that form in the lungs are the size of millet, the small round seeds in bird food. (msdmanuals.com)
Tuberculosis of the lungs: what are the symptoms, causes and contagiousness of TB? (medicspark.com)

Miliary tuberculosis is present in about 2% of all reported cases of tuberculosis and accounts for up to 20% of all extra-pulmonary tuberculosis cases. (wikipedia.org)
In general, extra-pulmonary tuberculosis in adult patients has been lumped aside in a wastebasket category. (biomedcentral.com)

Latent Tuberculosis: Are You Using the Right Test? (medscape.com)
Survival in EPTB patients was compared to those with latent tuberculosis, as well as between different types of EPTB, using Cox proportional hazard models. (biomedcentral.com)

To describe the general principles of the transmission, pathogenesis, and diagnosis of tuberculosis. (cdc.gov)
The approach to diagnosis of tuberculosis follows from the concepts of its pathogenesis. (cdc.gov)
To provide a classification scheme for tuberculosis that is based on pathogenesis, is consistent with current chemotherapeutic and chemopreventive recommendations, and is applicable to all in whom the diagnosis is or should be considered. (cdc.gov)

Tuberculous brain abscess is a rare manifestation of central nervous system tuberculosis. (karger.com)

Many reasons account for this apathy towards the disease in the young: The majority of children with tuberculosis are not infectious and consequently not considered to be as essential as adults with contagious tuberculosis, the lack of a microbiological diagnosis of tuberculosis in children, and the relative neglect of pediatricians and researchers in studying childhood tuberculosis. (benthamscience.com)

Although rare, the possibility of tuberculous etiology should be borne in mind as a differential diagnosis of acute abscess of otogenic origin, especially in endemic areas where the incidence of chronic otitis media as well as tuberculosis is high. (karger.com)
Meherbane B, Lebrun L, Marshal P, Axler O, Brivet FG: Fatal mycobacterium tuberculosis brain abscess in an immunocompetent patient. (karger.com)

Axial chest CT scan shows numerous nodules consistent with miliary TB (A). Axial FLAIR (B) and axial diffusion (C) demonstrated acute infarction in bilateral ACA distribution, which is more prominent on the left side. (medscape.com)
The absence of visible miliary nodules on chest radiography, which may cause the physician to be confused with the disease, may lead to misdiagnosis, late diagnosis or even fatal outcomes (Maartens et al. (springeropen.com)
Pulmonary tuberculosis: another disease showing clusters of small nodules. (radiopaedia.org)
Miliary TB of the lung is characterised by the formation of small nodules up to 1 mm in size. (medicspark.com)

This revision has been made primarily to update the information on tuberculin skin testing and laboratory services for the diagnosis of tuberculosis, and to remove material pertaining to nontuberculous mycobacterial diseases, which will henceforth be dealt with separately. (cdc.gov)

twelve were with Lupus Vulgaris (LV) and eight with Tuberculosis Verrucosa Cutis (TVC). (cdlib.org)

Enhancing exudate in the basal cisterns is the most common and also a relatively specific manifestation of leptomeningeal tuberculosis on computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) images [ 11 ]. (hindawi.com)
The most common manifestation of abdominal tuberculosis is lymphadenopathy and ileocecal involvement is present in 80%-90% of patients. (biomedcentral.com)

Miliary tuberculosis is a form of tuberculosis that is characterized by a wide dissemination into the human body and by the tiny size of the lesions (1-5 mm). (wikipedia.org)
The extrapulmonary form of tuberculosis is relatively rarer. (medicspark.com)

Diseases that may result in an x-ray like this include simple coal workers pneumoconiosis (CWP) - stage I, simple silicosis, miliary tuberculosis, histiocytosis X (eosinophilic granuloma), and other diffuse infiltrate pulmonary diseases. (mountsinai.org)

Spinal tuberculosis accounts for approximately 50% of cases of skeletal tuberculosis [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Up to 25% of patients with miliary TB may have meningeal involvement. (medscape.com)
Children younger than 5 years who acquire miliary TB are more likely to develop life-threatening miliary and/or meningeal TB. (medscape.com)

Subsequent histological and microbiological investigation revealed widespread miliary tuberculosis which included involvement of myocardial tissue, great vessels and the pacemaker pocket. (nih.gov)
Approximately 5-10% of all patients with tuberculosis and up to 20% of patients with AIDS-related tuberculosis have CNS involvement [ 1 - 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
Hematological abnormalities, such as anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia or even pancytopenia, in which all three types of bloods cells are affected, may be observed in patients with miliary TB and bone marrow involvement. (springeropen.com)

Miliary tuberculosis (TB) is the widespread dissemination of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (see the image below) via hematogenous spread. (medscape.com)
CNS tuberculosis usually results from hematogenous spread, while direct spread from intra- or extracranial focus is rare [ 4 ]. (hindawi.com)

Acid-fast bacillus smear showing characteristic cording in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. (medscape.com)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis can sometimes be identified by doing nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) on certain types of samples. (msdmanuals.com)
Although Mycobacterium tuberculosis can involve any organ, most commonly the lung, central nervous system (CNS) tuberculosis is the most devastating form of the disease. (hindawi.com)
Tuberculosis (TB) is a systemic infectious disease that is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and which can affect many tissues and organs. (springeropen.com)
In each outbreak, all cases were linked by IS6110-based DNA fingerprinting of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates. (cdc.gov)
The infectious agent of tuberculosis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is carried on airborne droplet nuclei. (cdc.gov)
Tuberculosis is caused by a group of organisms, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, M bovis, M africanum and a few other rarer subtypes. (mountsinai.org)
A negative smear for acid-fast bacillus, a lack of granulomas on histopathology, and failure to culture Mycobacterium tuberculosis do not exclude the diagnosis. (nih.gov)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis can be detected in samples from fewer than 50 percent of children with TB. (aafp.org)
We present a 21-day old child with congenital drug-resistant (DR) TB who was detected to have rifampicin resistance (RR) mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) on GeneXpert. (pediatriconcall.com)
Mother was subsequently detected to have pulmonary TB with sputum showing RR mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) on GeneXpert suggesting perinatal acquisition. (pediatriconcall.com)
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious bacterial disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis . (medicspark.com)
It was not until 1883 that the bacterium was given its current name, Mycobacterium tuberculosis . (medicspark.com)
Definite TB is considered in patients with culture or molecular line probe assay positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis , or in patients with at least 1 sputum smear positive for acid-fast bacilli. (mims.com)

See Tuberculosis: Diagnostic Imaging and Treatment Challenges , a Critical Images slideshow, to help determine the best approach for patients with this multisystemic disease. (medscape.com)
Miliary disease is more difficult to detect in patients who are very young or very old. (medscape.com)
Miliary tuberculosis developing during adalimumab treatment for Behçet's disease with uveitis. (pneumotox.com)
Hence, familiarity with the imaging presentations of various forms of CNS tuberculosis is essential in timely diagnosis, and thereby reducing the morbidity and mortality of this disease. (hindawi.com)
Historically, the American Thoracic Society (ATS) and the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) have provided guidance on the diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and control of tuberculosis in the United States and Canada. (cdc.gov)
Because tuberculosis, even after it has been treated adequately, remains a pertinent and lifelong part of a person's medical history, previous as well as current disease is included in the classification. (cdc.gov)
Tuberculosis is an infectious disease that causes inflammation, the formation of tubercles and other growths within tissue, and can cause tissue death. (mountsinai.org)
Pulmonary tuberculosis is the most common form of the disease, but other organs can be infected. (mountsinai.org)
In the United States, most people with primary tuberculosis get better and have no further evidence of disease. (mountsinai.org)
Tuberculosis (TB) is a common disease in developing countries. (who.int)
Experts in childhood tuberculosis believe that children have been neglected in the worldwide effort to control this disease. (benthamscience.com)
This chapter will focus on historical aspects of this ancient disease plus parameters related to childhood tuberculosis, including the tubercle vaccine discovery and its first use in a French child. (benthamscience.com)
However, it does not focus on children and in particular on infants as we intend to introduce tuberculosis as a whole to students and professionals that are not familiar to the disease. (benthamscience.com)
Approximately 5-10% of persons infected with M. tuberculosis develop tuberculosis, but the factors associated with disease progression are incompletely understood. (biomedcentral.com)
Both linkage and association studies have identified human genetic variants associated with susceptibility to pulmonary tuberculosis, but few genetic studies have evaluated extrapulmonary disease. (biomedcentral.com)
Because extrapulmonary and pulmonary tuberculosis likely have different underlying pathophysiology, identification of genetic mutations associated with extrapulmonary disease is important. (biomedcentral.com)
The vast majority of research on tuberculosis has focused on pulmonary disease, with efforts to shorten therapy duration. (biomedcentral.com)
If the importance of a disease were measured by the number of victims, even the most dreaded infectious diseases, such as plague and cholera, would remain far behind tuberculosis' Robert Koch, 24 March 1882. (medicspark.com)
It was he who discovered that tuberculosis was a contagious disease. (medicspark.com)

Tuberculosis in children should be confronted as a seminal event in public health, as it refers to recent infections supported by direct contact with infected people, mostly adults. (benthamscience.com)

Of the 9.2 million new tuberculosis cases occurring each year, about 10% are in children less than 15-years old. (benthamscience.com)
Of the estimated 10.4 million new tuberculosis (TB) cases globally per annum, approximately one million occur in children in Africa and South East Asia [ 1 ]. (springer.com)

A case of miliary tuberculosis showing acute respiratory failure during pregnancy]. (nih.gov)

Patients with miliary tuberculosis may experience progressive symptoms over days to weeks or occasionally over several months. (medscape.com)
Symptoms of miliary tuberculosis can be vague and difficult to identify. (msdmanuals.com)

Residential proximity to road traffic volumes and traffic density were associated with increased all-cause mortality in patients undergoing treatment for active tuberculosis even after adjusting for multiple demographic, socioeconomic, and clinical factors, suggesting that TB patients are susceptible to the adverse health effects of traffic-related air pollution. (nih.gov)
Patients using tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitors for autoimmune diseases have a 4-5 fold increase in the rate of active tuberculosis compared with non-users, and have EPTB rates similar to those with AIDS [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Treatment duration may need to be extended for central nervous system and skeletal tuberculosis, depending on drug resistance, and in patients who have a delayed or incomplete response. (nih.gov)

Miliary tuberculosis may affect one organ or several organs or occur throughout the body. (msdmanuals.com)
The appearance is typical for chronic pulmonary tuberculosis but may also occur with chronic pulmonary histiocytosis and chronic pulmonary coccidioidomycosis. (mountsinai.org)

Tuberculosis (TB) in children is frequently paucibacillary and non-severe forms of pulmonary TB are common. (springer.com)

The clinical and radiologic manifestations of CNS tuberculosis may mimic other infectious and noninfectious neurological conditions, such as brain tumors. (hindawi.com)
In the last decade a significant rise in the prevalence of tuberculosis as well as in its extrapulmonary manifestations is detected worldwide. (biomedcentral.com)

Meshram H. Congenital Drug Resistant Tuberculosis in a Neonate. (pediatriconcall.com)
Congenital, tuberculosis, drug-resistant. (pediatriconcall.com)

Its name comes from a distinctive pattern seen on a chest radiograph of many tiny spots distributed throughout the lung fields with the appearance similar to millet seeds-thus the term "miliary" tuberculosis. (wikipedia.org)
Initial chest radiograph showed bilateral miliary shadows in the lung fields (figure 1). (pediatriconcall.com)

Herein, we present a case of a 78-year-old man non-smoker, with miliary tuberculosis complicated with tuberculous spondylitis. (biomedcentral.com)
Herein, we present a case of miliary tuberculosis complicated by tuberculous spondylitis, which was confronted by administration of regressive treatment before the establishment of the definite diagnosis. (biomedcentral.com)
In this case report, an extraordinary case of miliary tuberculosis with unexplained fever, joint pain, weight loss, pancytopenia, lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly, who was clinically suspected of lymphoma and successfully treated with a multidisciplinary approach without any complications, was presented. (springeropen.com)
Their M. tuberculosis isolates matched the isolate from the index case-patient by DNA fingerprint analysis. (cdc.gov)
The DNA fingerprints of M. tuberculosis isolates from all 15 matched the fingerprint of the isolate of the index case-patient. (cdc.gov)
Espiritu et al reported a case of multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis (TB) in a Peruvian infant. (pediatriconcall.com)
Clinical and epidemiological factors were abstracted from electronic records of the Report of Verified Case of Tuberculosis. (biomedcentral.com)

Bhansali reported no cases of pancreatic TB in a series of 300 cases of abdominal tuberculosis in India [9]. (who.int)

Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases 1983;30(1):39-43. (e-trd.org)

the findings indicated that M. tuberculosis can spread rapidly among HIV-infected inmates and be transmitted to their visitors and prison employees, with secondary spread to the community. (cdc.gov)
Histopathology suggested localized hepatobiliary tuberculosis with features of secondary sclerosing cholangitis. (biomedcentral.com)

Therefore, familiarity of infectious diseases specialists with the imaging presentations of CNS tuberculosis is essential for prompt and accurate diagnosis of this entity. (hindawi.com)
Tuberculosis is one of the most feared infectious diseases. (medicspark.com)

Adults older than 65 years have a higher risk of miliary TB. (medscape.com)
Trials in adults with smear-negative tuberculosis suggest that treatment can be effectively shortened from 6 to 4 months. (springer.com)
Historically, studies of anti-tuberculosis treatment in children have lagged substantially behind adult studies and data regarding TB treatment extrapolated from adults. (springer.com)

Early empirical treatment for possible but not yet definitive miliary TB increases the likelihood of survival and should never be withheld while test results are pending. (medscape.com)
TB and Tailpipes: Does Traffic-Related Air Pollution Affect Mortality during Tuberculosis Treatment? (nih.gov)
Because the technology applicable to the diagnosis, treatment, and control of tuberculosis continues to evolve, periodically it is necessary to revise these statements. (cdc.gov)
Since childhood tuberculosis is usually non-infectious and non-fatal, management programs often do not prioritize diagnosis and treatment. (benthamscience.com)
Patients with tuberculosis who have hepatitis attributed to isoniazid should be given appropriate treatment with alternative drugs. (nih.gov)
Evidence for tuberculosis treatment in children is largely extrapolated from adult studies. (springer.com)
The treatment of tuberculosis is very specific and challenging. (medicspark.com)

Anatomy14

Organisms16

Diseases47

Chemicals and Drugs56

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment59

Psychiatry and Psychology1

Phenomena and Processes30

Disciplines and Occupations2

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena5

Information Science6

Named Groups4

Health Care30

Geographicals20

Infection26

Extrapulmonary tuberculosis11

Meningitis6

Tuberculoma2

Lungs4

Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis2

Latent2

Pathogenesis3

Central Nervous System Tube1

Diagnosis of Tuberculosis in Children1

Abscess2

Nodules4

Mycobacterial1

Verrucosa cutis1

Manifestation2

Form of tuberculosis2

Simple silicosis1

Spinal1

Meningeal2

Involvement3

Hematogenous spread2

Mycobacterium tuberculosis14

Disease19

Infections1

Million new tuberculosis2

Acute1

Symptoms2

Active tuberculosis2

Skeletal tuberculosis1

Occur2

Forms of pulmonary1

Manifestations2

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Chest radiograph2

Case7

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Adults3

Treatment7