• These features suggest the molecular basis of disease-causing mutations in Pit-1 and provide potential basis for the flexible allostery between protein domains and DNA sites in the activation of target genes. (rcsb.org)
  • A human dwarfism mutation that affects positive control in the related POU domain protein Pit-1 maps to the same region of the HTH motif as do positive control mutations in lambda repressor. (embl.de)
  • Mutations in pituitary transcription factor genes (e.g. (brainkart.com)
  • Loss-of-function mutations of the gene encoding fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) have been described in patients with autosomal dominant Kallmann syndrome. (medscape.com)
  • Mutations of the gene encoding fibroblast growth factor 8 have been found in a small minority of patients with autosomal dominant Kallmann syndrome. (medscape.com)
  • Mutations of the DAX1 gene, which encodes a nuclear transcription factor, lead to X-linked idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism associated with adrenal hypoplasia congenita (AHC). (medscape.com)
  • Homozygous mutations in GPR54, a gene encoding a G protein-coupled receptor, which binds kisspeptin 1, have been reported as a cause of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. (medscape.com)
  • 13] Inactivating mutations of the gene encoding kisspeptin 1 may also underlie hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. (medscape.com)
  • Milroy disease is an autosomal dominant familial form of congenital lymphedema attributed to vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3 ( VEGFR-3 ) gene mutations and sometimes associated with cholestatic jaundice and edema or diarrhea due to a protein-losing enteropathy caused by intestinal lymphangiectasia. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Meige disease is an autosomal dominant familial form of lymphedema praecox attributed to mutations in a transcription factor gene ( FOXC2 ) that causes extra eyelashes (distichiasis), cleft palate, and edema of legs, arms, and sometimes the face. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Pit-1 is a member of the POU domain containing proteins, a group of transcriptional regulators with a critical role in cell differentiation and proliferation. (ajol.info)
  • Pit-1, a member of the POU domain family of transcription factors, characterized by a bipartite DNA-binding domain, serves critical developmental functions based on binding to diverse DNA elements in its target genes. (rcsb.org)
  • Published February 1, 2023 at 1231 × 1096 in Genetic Etiology of Congenital Hypopituitarism . (endotext.org)
  • 13(1): 7108, 2023 08 01. (bvsalud.org)
  • It was shown that this group of proteins control the transcription of the growth hormone (GH), the prolactin (PRL), the thyroid-stimulating hormone β-subunit (TSH-β), the GHRH receptor genes and the Pit-1 gene itself. (ajol.info)
  • The pathway from embryogenesis to the full differentiation of specific functional cell types within the pituitary is controlled by numerous genes that encode transcription factors. (medscape.com)
  • Some other genes are also regulated, including those for immunoglobulin light and heavy chains (Oct-2) [ ( PUBMED:1967834 ) ( PUBMED:1967821 ) ], and trophic hormone genes, such as those for prolactin and growth hormone (Pit-1). (embl.de)
  • Tax orchestrates multiple interactions with cellular transcription factors and activates transcription from the viral promoter and modulates the transcription or activity of numerous cellular genes involved in cell growth and differentiation, cell cycle control, and DNA repair [ 5 , 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In the case of genes that are used to produce proteins, the RNA polymerase II holoenzyme that actually performs the transcription from the template strand needs to find chemical cues for attachment to the DNA and where to begin transcription. (wikiversity.org)
  • Using cloned chicken β A -globin genes, either individually or within the natural chromosomal locus, enhancer-dependent transcription is achieved in vitro at a distance of 2 kb with developmentally staged erythroid extracts. (wikiversity.org)
  • This protein is a transcription factor, which means that it attaches (binds) to specific regions of DNA and helps control the activity of particular genes. (medlineplus.gov)
  • One-third of the 471 genes predicted to encode transcription factors are differentially expressed during sexual development of S. commune . (nature.com)
  • Following, inductive signals between the developing diencephalon and the oral ectoderm, early transcription factors guide the formation of rudimentary Rathke's Pouch (rRP) and then subsequent gene regulatory pathways control the determination, proliferation, and differentiation events that establish the specialized hormone-secreting cells. (medscape.com)
  • These new findings suggest that HTLV-1, which is associated with lymphoproliferative diseases, uses p30 II to selectively repress cellular and viral gene expression to favor the survival of cellular targets ultimately resulting in leukemogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Thus, it appears that HTLV-1 has yet another multifunctional protein with transcriptional and post-transcriptional roles in regulating viral gene expression. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 30 ] the authors used the Affymetrix U133A human gene chip to test the role of HTLV-1 p30 II as a regulator of gene expression in Jurkat T cells. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A promoter is a region of DNA that facilitates the transcription of a particular gene. (wikiversity.org)
  • A distal promoter in the S-phase has a role in the control of the human H1.2 histone gene transcription. (wikiversity.org)
  • This gene encodes two proteins: sterol carrier protein X (SCPx) and sterol carrier protein 2 (SCP2), as a result of transcription initiation from 2 independently regulated promoters. (wikiversity.org)
  • Catechol 2,3-dioxygenase (C23O) gene was found andamplified with the designed primers from the total DNA of C-14-1. (researchgate.net)
  • The result of Southern blot indicated that there isonly one C23O gene in the genome of C-14-1. (researchgate.net)
  • The mRNA and protein expression levels of Nrf2, the antioxidant gene heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), osteogenic markers, including runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2), and Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) were also measured. (biomedcentral.com)
  • PQS treatment reduced intracellular ROS production and significantly upregulated Nrf2 transcriptional activity and the expression of Nrf2 and its target antioxidant gene HO-1. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In conclusion, short-term activation of protein kinase C leads to a transient increase in Na/H antiporter activity that is independent of transcription and translation, whereas long-term activation of protein kinase C causes a persistent increase in antiporter activity that is dependent on transcription and translation and is associated with increased mRNANa/H abundance. (jci.org)
  • The number of studies that have used protein interaction discovery approaches for identification of associated factors is overwhelming. (aacrjournals.org)
  • We do not aim to provide an exhaustive analysis of all available techniques, but instead will highlight some of the most widely used methods for protein-protein assessment and will describe some recent advances in global protein-protein analyses that are enabling non-experts to identify interactomes of their favorite factor. (aacrjournals.org)
  • The classic method for analysis of protein-protein interactions is the co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP), also known as a "pull down" ( 1, 2 ), which constitutes the gold standard in the field. (aacrjournals.org)
  • This involves purification of a specific protein from the pool of cellular proteins, followed by Western blotting of a suspected interacting protein ( 1 ). (aacrjournals.org)
  • The validity of co-IP approaches can quickly deteriorate when forced expression of tagged proteins are used to investigate possible interactions, yet this approach, particularly when endogenous factors are assessed, can provide useful information about potential protein associations. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Comparison of cofilin-1 and Twist-1 protein expression in human non-small cell lung cancer tissues. (sinica.edu.tw)
  • Intriguing new studies indicate that p30 II is a multifunctional regulator that differentially modulates CREB and Tax-responsive element-mediated transcription through its interaction with CREB-binding protein (CBP)/p300 and specifically binds and represses tax/rex mRNA nuclear export. (biomedcentral.com)
  • also known as ASH1), neurogenic differentiation factor 1 (NeuroD1), yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) and POU class 2 homeobox 3 (POU2F3). (cancerindex.org)
  • 1] Kelley KW, Weigent DA, Kooijman R. Protein hormones and immunity. (chinagene.cn)
  • Mechanistically, the root part of IKN suppressed RANKL-induced p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation, effectively abrogating the induction of c-Fos and nuclear factor of activated T cells 1 (NFATc1) expression. (e-jbm.org)
  • POU proteins are eukaryotic transcription factors containing a bipartite DNA binding domain referred to as the POU domain. (embl.de)
  • The acronym POU (pronounced 'pow') is derived from the names of three mammalian transcription factors, the pituitary-specific Pit-1, the octamer-binding proteins Oct-1 and Oct-2, and the neural Unc-86 from Caenorhabditis elegans. (embl.de)
  • Homeobox proteins as sequence-specific transcription factors. (embl.de)
  • HTLV-1 pX ORF II encodes two proteins, p13 II and p30 II whose roles are beginning to be defined in the virus life cycle. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Previous studies indicate the importance of these viral proteins in the ability of the virus to maintain viral loads and persist in an animal model of HTLV-1 infection. (biomedcentral.com)
  • PIT1 is a pituitary-specific transcription factor responsible for pituitary development and hormone expression in mammals and is a member of the POU family of transcription factors that regulate mammalian development. (wikipedia.org)
  • Regulation of the development of the mammalian anterior pituitary gland by transcription factors. (medscape.com)
  • The etiology of geminated teeth remains unknown but nutritional deficiency, endocrine inf luences, infectious/inf lammatory processes, excessive ingestion of medicines, hereditary or congenital diseases, local trauma and ionizing radiation are considered as causative factors 62 . (bvsalud.org)
  • [ 1 ] The focus of this article is childhood-onset hypopituitarism. (medscape.com)
  • PURPOSE: To describe tumor response and cranial nerve function outcomes after administration of anti-PD-1 to patients with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) with perineural spread to cranial nerves (CN) extending into the cavernous sinus. (bvsalud.org)
  • Data extracted included demographics, duration of anti-PD-1 therapy, immune-mediated adverse reactions, tumor response per adapted RECIST v1.1, and changes in CN function and symptoms (e.g., pain). (bvsalud.org)
  • CONCLUSION: Administration of anti-PD-1 to patients with CSCC with perineural spread into the cavernous sinus can generate durable anti-tumor regressions and restore CN function, while sparing the morbidity associated with surgical resection and/or radiotherapy. (bvsalud.org)
  • 5 , 6 ] Stimulation of osteoclast precursors with RANKL recruits cytoplasmic tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factors (TRAFs) and activates downstream signaling pathways. (e-jbm.org)
  • Scenario 1 evaluated all postoperatively available guidelines including pathological tumor stage, pathological lymph node status (pN), medical margin status, preoperative serum PSA value and pathological Gleason grade acquired after the morphological evaluation of the entire resected prostate. (cancercurehere.com)
  • We have shown previously that receptor activator of NF?B ligand (RANKL) a member of the paederosidic acid tumor necrosis factor family that is normally expressed around the cell surface of stromal cells and osteoblasts and mediates osteoclast differentiation and osteolysis or bone resorption can be upregulated by Snail overexpression in ARCaP and LNCaP prostate malignancy cells which was associated with increased osteoclastogenesis and (4). (crispr-reagents.com)
  • However, classification based upon the driving transcription factor for each adenoma subtype is emerging as an additional method for classification. (cap.org)
  • POU domain, class 1, transcription factor 1 (Pit1, growth hormone factor 1), also known as POU1F1, is a transcription factor for growth hormone. (wikipedia.org)
  • 7 - 9 ] Activation of these signaling pathways induces the expression of transcription factors such as c-Fos and nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFATc1), a master transcription factor for osteoclastogenesis. (e-jbm.org)
  • Our work illustrates that the dynamic patterning of the expression of transcription factors and downstream morphogenetic effectors ensures positionally fixed areas of cell behavior with regards to the invagination point. (elifesciences.org)
  • The solution structure of the Oct-1 POUs domain has been determined by multidimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and consists of four alpha helices surrounding a conserved hydrophobic core. (embl.de)
  • Osteoclasts were formed by culturing mouse bone marrow macrophage (BMM) cells with macrophage colony-stimulating factor and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL). (e-jbm.org)
  • 4 ] Macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) ligand (RANKL) are key factors in osteoclastic differentiation. (e-jbm.org)
  • Additionally Snail overexpression promoted osteoclastogenesis which was significantly inhibited by the MSKE as effectively as Z-FY-CHO a CatL-specific inhibitor or osteoprotegerin a receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL) antagonist. (crispr-reagents.com)
  • The intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and the transcriptional activity of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) were determined. (biomedcentral.com)
  • They are differentiated and activation from monocytes/macrophages in the presence of macrophage colony-stimulating factor and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL). (e-jbm.org)
  • EFV reduced RANKL-mediated osteoclast formation and activation by inhibiting expression of nuclear factor of activated T cells 1, a key factor of osteoclastogenesis. (e-jbm.org)
  • Osteoclast formation is controlled by 2 cytokines, macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL), which are secreted by osteoblasts/activated T cells. (e-jbm.org)
  • ACTH - Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone, cAMP- Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate, CRH - Corticotropin Releasing Hormone, CRHR - Corticotropin Releasing Hormone Receptor, PC 1/3 - Prohormone Convertase 1/3, POMC - Pro-opiomelanocortin, TBX19 - T-Box Transcription Factor 19. (endotext.org)
  • 14] Kisspeptin 1 and its receptor have an important role in the regulation of GnRH and the onset of puberty. (medscape.com)
  • Cardarine, also known as gw501516 or endurobol, is a ppar (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor) agonist and ligand-activated transcription factor. (thekindnessapp.com)
  • A third transcription factor, pituitary cell-restricted T box factor (Tpit), drives corticotroph adenomas but its antibody is not yet commercially available as an IHC marker. (cap.org)
  • Autoimmune anti-HIV-1gp120 antibody with antiidiotype-like activity in sera and immune complexes of HIV-1-related immunologic thrombocytopenia. (jci.org)
  • Autoimmune antiidiotype-like antibody (Ab2) directed against anti-HIV-1gp120 (Ab1) was found in high titer in the sera of 10 consecutive homosexual and 11 narcotic addict HIV-1-related immunologic thrombocytopenia (HIV-1-ITP) patients, was barely detectable in 10 nonthrombocytopenic HIV-1 sero-positive individuals, and was not detectable in 5 normal subjects by use of a solid-phase RIA. (jci.org)
  • The mouse monoclonal PSA antibody (Dianova DIA-PSA, clone HAM18) was used at 1:100 and 1:800. (cancercurehere.com)
  • Study reports suggested that high blood level of phosphate causes vascular ossification through the deposition of Ca 2+ and substantially alters fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23) and calcitriol. (diabeets.com)
  • Replacement of GH in adults with GHD markedly reduces central obesity and substantially reduces total cholesterol levels but has produced little change in other risk factors, particularly insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. (medscape.com)
  • and lack of other trace minerals, zinc, iodine, selenium, or vitamin D ( 12 ) can also be risk factors for vascular calcification. (effectiveselfcare.info)
  • We describe, for the first time in literature, a RTS Caucasian girl, 14-year-old, with growth hormone (GH) deficiency, pituitary hypoplasia, Arnold Chiari malformation type 1, double syringomyelic cavity and a novel CREBBP mutation (c.3546insCC). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Roles of the LHX3 and LHX4 LIM-homeodomain factors in pituitary development. (medscape.com)
  • Expression and localization of vascular endothelial growth factor and angiopoietin-1 and their receptors FLT-1, FLK-1, and TIE-2 in bovine ovaries during follicular and luteal development. (mcmaster.ca)
  • The interaction involves a complex series of molecular signals, receptors and transcription control systems 73 . (bvsalud.org)
  • A negative feedback loop occurs such that the hormones produced in the target glands feed back to inhibit the release of their respective regulatory pituitary and hypothalamic factors. (medscape.com)
  • The allelic frequencies at Pit-1/TaqI locus were 0.76 (G) and 0.24 (A), while those at Pit-1/HinfI locus were 0.70 (B) and 0.30 (A). Combined genotypic frequencies and possible haplotypes frequencies were also reported. (ajol.info)
  • By correlating dynamic patterns of transcription factor expression with rigorous, quantitative analyses of cell behaviors across the salivary gland primordium in Drosophila , their results suggest Hkb and Fkh transcription factor patterning induces switches in cell behaviors at fixed positions to promote continued morphogenesis of the tubular structure. (elifesciences.org)
  • HESX-1 , PIT-1 , LHX-4 ) can result in isolated or multiple anterior pituitary hormone deficiencies. (brainkart.com)
  • Anterior pituitary development and Pit- 1/GHF-1 transcription fac-tor. (chinagene.cn)
  • We find that early transcriptional patterning of key morphogenetic transcription factors drives the selective activation of downstream morphogenetic modules, such as GPCR signaling that activates apical-medial actomyosin activity to drive cell wedging at the future asymmetrically placed invagination point. (elifesciences.org)
  • POU-domain transcription factors: pou-er-ful developmental regulators. (embl.de)
  • Cholesterol buildup in the blood vessels was wrongly blamed exclusively on fat in the diet and cholesterol from eggs initially and people were instructed to not eat eggs and other cholesterol rich foods but we can make our own cholesterol too, and eventually it was recognized that excess carbohydrates was also a causal factor of vascular calcification. (effectiveselfcare.info)
  • supplied by OMIM] Pituitary-specific positive transcription factor 1 has been shown to interact with GATA2 and PITX1. (wikipedia.org)
  • The Sox2-deficient olfactory epithelium displays diminished cell cycle progression and proliferation, a dramatic increase in apoptosis and finally olfactory pit atrophy. (unimib.it)
  • Once the holoenzyme is assembled and attached to the promoter, the transcription start site (TSS) is transcribed as the first nucleotide of the pre-messenger RNA. (wikiversity.org)
  • Pituitary PRL is controlled by the Pit-1 transcription factor and ultimately dopamine, extrapituitary PRL is controlled by a superdistal promoter and apparently unaffected by dopamine. (wikiversity.org)
  • [16] However breast and other tissues may also express the Pit-1 promoter in addition to the distal promoter. (wikiversity.org)
  • Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RTS) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder (prevalence 1:125,000) characterised by broad thumbs and halluces, facial dysmorphism, psychomotor development delay, skeletal defects, abnormalities in the posterior fossa and short stature. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RTS) is an autosomal dominant disease that occurs in 1 out of 125,000 births. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The solution structure of the Oct-1 POU-specific domain reveals a striking similarity to the bacteriophage lambda repressor DNA-binding domain. (embl.de)
  • The transcription factor Sox2 is necessary to maintain pluripotency of embryonic stem cells, and to regulate neural development. (unimib.it)
  • Snail a zinc-finger transcription factor has been found to regulate epithelial mesenchymal transition in part by increasing extracellular matrix degradation via upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase (2). (crispr-reagents.com)
  • 1 ] Osteoclasts play critical roles in many bone-destructive diseases such as osteoporosis, osteomyelitis, rheumatoid arthritis, and periodontitis. (e-jbm.org)
  • To develop new and effective chemopreventive agents against bone metastasis we assessed the effects of muscadine grape skin extract (MSKE) whose main bioactive component is anthocyanin on bone turnover using prostate and breast malignancy cell models overexpressing Snail transcription factor. (crispr-reagents.com)
  • Acidosis of the bone microenvironment results in increased osteoclast resorption pit formation via the release of proteolytic enzymes such as Cathepsins B D and L which degrade the extracellular matrix and facilitate metastasis (5). (crispr-reagents.com)
  • 1 ] The bone density is highest in people in their 20s to 30s and decreases gradually after that. (e-jbm.org)
  • Table 1 summarizes the transcription factors associated with each of the pituitary adenoma subtypes. (cap.org)
  • In this Perspectives article, we review and synthesize these recent lines of evidence and propose a working nomenclature for SCLC subtypes defined by relative expression of these four factors. (cancerindex.org)
  • We used quantitative reverse transcription PCR to measure key pathogens in stool that may be associated with water and sanitation, as an indicator of exposure. (cdc.gov)
  • Craniopharyngiomas represent 1-2% of all intracranial neoplasms and about 10% of the tumors of the sellar region. (medscape.com)
  • Pit-1 is a pituitary-specific transcription factor responsible for pituitary development and hormone expression in mammals. (ajol.info)
  • 1. The development of cIinical trials - we have been involved in all stages of trials for lymphoma, and designed, conducted and initiated several. (lu.se)
  • STAT3 signaling has been shown to increase Snail expression through Liv-1 zinc transporter (3). (crispr-reagents.com)
  • Silent corticotroph pituitary neuroendocrine tumours (PiTNETs) are a subtype of nonfunctioning PiTNETs, that present positive immunostaining for adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) and/or show the expression of the transcription factor T-PIT without clinical signs of hypercortisolemia. (aoscongres.com)
  • Less commonly, the posterior pituitary gland's hormones can be affected: vasopressin (AVP) (antidiuretic hormone [ADH]) and oxytocin ( 1 )[ A ]. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • However, the combination of Ab1 and Ab2 (preincubated for 2 h at 22 degrees C) binds to platelets in a saturation-dependent manner at an optimum ratio range of 10-20:1. (jci.org)
  • Introduction The primary cause of prostate and breast cancer death is usually metastasis which is regulated by signaling pathways such as epithelial mesenchymal transition a dynamic process that promotes cell motility with decreased adhesive ability (1). (crispr-reagents.com)