• Toxoplasmosis, a common parasitic disease, is caused by Toxoplasma gondii , which infects approximately 30% of the world's population. (nature.com)
  • Toxoplasma gondii ( T. gondii ) is a common zoonotic intracellular parasite capable of infecting almost all warm-blooded animals, including humans 1 . (nature.com)
  • Domestic and other wild cats are the definitive hosts of T. gondii , and ingestion of oocysts excreted by cats is the main source of infection in intermediate hosts (humans and animals) 1 , 8 . (nature.com)
  • Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic disease caused by Toxoplasma gondii, an apicomplexan. (wikipedia.org)
  • Due to the absence of obvious symptoms, hosts easily become infected with T. gondii and develop toxoplasmosis without knowing it. (wikipedia.org)
  • Toxoplasmosis is a disease caused by a microscopic protozoal parasite called Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) . (allwestvet.ca)
  • Many warm-blooded animals including most pets, livestock, birds, and people can become infected with T. gondii . (allwestvet.ca)
  • While nearly all warm-blooded animals can have Toxoplasma parasites in their meat, cats (all cat species, not only domestic cats) are the definitive host for T. gondii . (allwestvet.ca)
  • Cats are most commonly infected with T. gondii when they prey on infected mice, birds and other small animals. (allwestvet.ca)
  • When a cat eats meat or other tissues from infected animals and becomes infected with T. gondii , the parasite can live in the cat's tissues for the life of the cat. (allwestvet.ca)
  • People or other animals exposed to the infective oocysts are then infected with the T. gondii parasite. (allwestvet.ca)
  • A blood test for T. gondii antibodies can help in the diagnosis of toxoplasmosis in sick cats. (allwestvet.ca)
  • Toxoplasma gondii oocysts must spend at least 24 hours (and up to 5 days, depending on environmental conditions) in the environment to become infectious to other animals, including people. (allwestvet.ca)
  • 1,000 animals over 24 years) were negative for prior cases of severe T. gondii -associated steatitis prior to the cases described herein, and no sublethal COUG T. gondii infections have been previously indentified in sea otters. (frontiersin.org)
  • Toxoplasma gondii is a ubiquitous apicomplexan protozoal parasite of significant importance to human and animal health. (frontiersin.org)
  • In intermediate hosts, T. gondii tachyzoites spread systemically, often causing subclinical infection in healthy animals and humans. (frontiersin.org)
  • Among immunodeficient individuals, toxoplasmosis most often occurs in those with defects of T-cell-mediated immunity, such as those with hematologic malignancies, bone marrow and solid organ transplants, or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome ( AIDS ).In most immunocompetent individuals, primary or chronic (latent) T gondii infection is asymptomatic. (medscape.com)
  • Cats, rodents, and other animals often carry the Toxoplasma gondii parasite. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Three stages in the life cycle of T.gondii may invade humans and animals. (peertechzpublications.com)
  • T.gondii presents a major challenge to the livestock industry as it is responsible for the stillbirths, miscarriages, postnatal mortality and fetal malformations of farm animals. (peertechzpublications.com)
  • Toxoplasmosis is also a major cause of abortions in goats and sheep in the early stages of development being infected with T. gondii , leading to miscarriages [15]. (peertechzpublications.com)
  • This zoonosis results in great economic losses in human beings and production animals, being both infected from the food and water intake contaminated with Toxoplasma gondii oocysts and this parasite causes severe clinical consequences, among them reproductive problems. (eurekaselect.com)
  • For this reason, toxoplasmic reinfection in these animals can not be ruled out or neglected in animals naturally infected with T. gondii. (eurekaselect.com)
  • In this way, the objective of this chapter is to describe the main aspects of congenital toxoplasmosis in pregnant goats, in different gestational stages, infected and reinfected with T. gondii and their offspring. (eurekaselect.com)
  • Toxoplasmosis is caused by the intracellular coccidian Toxoplasma gondii . (vin.com)
  • Toxoplasmosis develops when mammals ingest the Toxoplasma gondii parasite. (doc.govt.nz)
  • The name of the parasite that causes toxoplasmosis is T. gondii . (healthline.com)
  • Aside from congenital toxoplasmosis, which is passed from a pregnant parent to their baby, most people become infected when they ingest the T. gondii parasite. (healthline.com)
  • There is a growing body of evidence that parasites play a large role in influencing animal behaviors … and one of the best known, Toxoplasma gondii , lives in the bellies of North America's second-most beloved pet: the common housecat. (naiaonline.org)
  • In a nutshell, cats are the only host T. gondii can reproduce inside of… and wouldn't you know it: toxoplasmosis-infected rats don't show the same aversion to cat urine, making these rodents (and the parasites they are carrying) more likely to find their way into a cat's stomach. (naiaonline.org)
  • Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic infection caused by Toxoplasma gondii . (glowm.com)
  • T. gondii infection causes toxoplasmosis, which is the leading cause of death associated with foodborne diseases in the United States. (mdpi.com)
  • The acquired form of infection by Toxoplasma gondii in animals and man. (reference.md)
  • PLG microparticle vaccines would be advantageous for their application in the development of long‐lasting vaccines against T. gondii for future use in humans and animals. (intechopen.com)
  • Dans une étude transversale, nous avons évalué la séroprévalence de Toxoplasma gondii chez 400 femmes adressées au laboratoire du centre de santé communautaire de Qazvin en vue d'examens prénuptiaux. (who.int)
  • Toxoplasmosis is caused by Toxoplasma gondii . (superkidsnutrition.com)
  • Dr. Chikweto's main focus of research is molecular characterization of the zoonotic parasite, Toxoplasma gondii in animals. (sgu.edu)
  • Finally, we have toxoplasmosis, a well-known disease, and the parasite that causes this disease (Toxoplasma gondii) uses cats as a host. (catholictranscript.org)
  • The pathogens studied- Toxoplasma gondii , Cryptosporidium ( Crypto ) and Giardia -can infect both humans and animals. (eurasiareview.com)
  • T. gondii, a parasite found only in cat poop, has infected many ocean species with the disease toxoplasmosis. (eurasiareview.com)
  • In 13 farms (92.8%), there were seropositive goats to T. gondii and in four farms (28.6%), there were seropositive animals to N. caninum. (usp.br)
  • Toxoplasmosis is a disease caused by a one-celled parasite called Toxoplasma gondii or T. gondii. (diyseattle.com)
  • Toxoplasma gondii is found largely in North America and affects warm-blooded animals like our pet dogs and cats. (diyseattle.com)
  • Toxoplasmosis infection is caused by a parasite called Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii). (diyseattle.com)
  • Toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan confirmed as the cause of canine toxoplasmosis. (diyseattle.com)
  • Toxoplasma gondii is a ubiquitous protozoan parasite of warm-blooded animals. (cdc.gov)
  • Toxoplasmosis refers to a symptomatic infection by Toxoplasma gondii , a widely distributed protozoan that usually causes an asymptomatic infection in the healthy host. (medscape.com)
  • Apart from toxoplasmosis in immunocompromised individuals, congenital toxoplasmosis is the most serious manifestation of infection, resulting from the vertical transmission of T gondii transplacentally from a parasitemic mother to her offspring. (medscape.com)
  • T gondii is a ubiquitous obligate intracellular protozoan that infects animals and humans. (medscape.com)
  • Toxoplasmosis is infection caused by the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii . (msdmanuals.com)
  • The present study indicates that Toxoplasma gondii is widespread in pet animals in Pakistan which may have important implication for public health . (bvsalud.org)
  • The present findings on human toxoplasmosis in Gabon suggest that at an older age, reactivation of old infections seems more frequent than new infections, as indicated by the presence of T. gondii using PCR among elevated IgG subjects without IgM. (bvsalud.org)
  • Corrigendum to: Toxoplasmosis Outbreak Associated With Toxoplasma gondii-Contaminated Venison-High Attack Rate, Unusual Clinical Presentation, and Atypical Genotype. (cdc.gov)
  • Toxoplasmosis Outbreak Associated With Toxoplasma gondii-Contaminated Venison-High Attack Rate, Unusual Clinical Presentation, and Atypical Genotype. (cdc.gov)
  • It's true that everyone, especially pregnant women and those with compromised immune systems, should take precautions against toxoplasmosis, which can be transmitted by cats. (liveoakvet.com)
  • First, it's important to understand that not all cats have toxoplasmosis. (liveoakvet.com)
  • Cats can contract it by eating rodents, birds, or other small animals infected by the parasite Toxoplasma . (liveoakvet.com)
  • Cats play an important role in the spread of toxoplasmosis. (cdc.gov)
  • Cats are the only animals in which the parasite can sexually reproduce, the oocysts (eggs) of the parasite are spread into the environment in the cat's faeces and dispersed via rainwater and wastewater, which eventually reaches the sea. (doc.govt.nz)
  • Although the parasite can be in nearly all warm-blooded animals, cats are the only known hosts. (healthline.com)
  • Overall, it's very rare for humans to get toxoplasmosis from cats. (healthline.com)
  • Cats don't usually show symptoms of toxoplasmosis. (healthline.com)
  • Cats can get infections, such as toxoplasmosis, by eating wild animals. (medlineplus.gov)
  • A Tasman farmer wants tougher rules for cats after toxoplasmosis devastated his flock of sheep, costing him $14,000 in damages. (rnz.co.nz)
  • SPCA scientific officer Christine Sumner said that reducing the number of cats that defecate near food and water supplies for farmed animals may reduce the risk of toxoplasmosis transmission. (rnz.co.nz)
  • This type of parasite lives in the digestive system of animals for example cats and can easily be passed to humans. (medic8.com)
  • Toxoplasmosis is more commonly associated with cats, but dogs can contract the parasite that causes this disease too. (diyseattle.com)
  • These microscopic organisms can infect any warm-blooded animal, but cats are the only known primary or definitive hosts. (diyseattle.com)
  • Clindamycin is considered the treatment of choice for clinical Toxoplasmosis in both dogs and cats. (diyseattle.com)
  • What is the first line drug for toxoplasmosis in cats? (diyseattle.com)
  • Seroprevalence of IgG and IgM antibodies and associated risk factors for toxoplasmosis in cats and dogs from sub-tropical arid parts of Pakistan. (bvsalud.org)
  • Pet cats and dogs are an important source of human toxoplasmosis because of their intimate relationship with humans . (bvsalud.org)
  • Present study was designed to determine the prevalence and risk factors of toxoplasmosis in cats and dogs in northern sub-tropical arid region of Pakistan where no such work has been previously conducted. (bvsalud.org)
  • However, it can infect most types of warm-blooded animals, including humans. (wikipedia.org)
  • The parasite's eggs are shed in cat faeces, which can then pass on the infection to any warm-blooded animal - including birds, sheep, goats and marine mammals. (rnz.co.nz)
  • It is one of the most common parasitic diseases, and is known to affect nearly all warm-blooded animals and humans. (diyseattle.com)
  • You can get toxoplasmosis by handling raw or undercooked meats or shellfish and then touching your mouth without first washing your hands. (healthline.com)
  • People with weakened immune systems are likely to experience headache, confusion, poor coordination, seizures, lung problems that may resemble tuberculosis or Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (a common opportunistic infection that occurs in people with AIDS), or chorioretinitis caused by severe inflammation of the retina (ocular toxoplasmosis). (wikipedia.org)
  • These data demonstrated that ME49Δ cdpk3 inoculation induced effective cellular and humoral immune responses against acute and chronic Toxoplasma infections with various strains and was a potential candidate to develop a vaccine against toxoplasmosis. (nature.com)
  • Infections with toxoplasmosis are associated with a variety of neuropsychiatric and behavioral conditions. (wikipedia.org)
  • And contact with animal urine can cause infections like leptospirosis. (cdc.gov)
  • The dose used for the treatment of Toxoplasmosis is generally higher than that for susceptible bacterial infections. (diyseattle.com)
  • Young children and immunocompromised people, such as those with HIV/AIDS, those taking certain types of chemotherapy, or those who have recently received an organ transplant, may develop severe toxoplasmosis. (wikipedia.org)
  • From February 2020 to March 2022, four southern sea otters ( Enhydra lutris nereis ) stranded in California with severe protozoal steatitis and systemic toxoplasmosis. (frontiersin.org)
  • High parasite burdens were observed in all tissues except the central nervous system, and toxoplasmosis with severe protozoal steatitis was the primary cause of death for all cases. (frontiersin.org)
  • [ 3 ] However, certain individuals are at high risk for severe or life-threatening toxoplasmosis . (medscape.com)
  • The toxoplasma parasite was found amongst widespread severe tissue damage which confirms the dolphin died of toxoplasmosis. (doc.govt.nz)
  • When acquired during pregnancy, toxoplasmosis often goes unrecognized in the mother, but it can produce a severe congenital infection with ocular and neurologic damage to the infant. (glowm.com)
  • In an analysis of data from a large HIV-infected cohort, toxoplasmosis was found to be the most frequent severe neurologic infection among persons with AIDS in the United States, even after the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy ( 2 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Most healthy people with toxoplasmosis do not require treatment, but adults with eye involvement, severe or persistent symptoms, or weakened immune systems, and pregnant women, and newborns with congenital infection are treated. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Toxoplasmosis is usually spread by eating poorly cooked food that contains cysts, exposure to infected cat feces, and from an infected person to their baby during pregnancy. (wikipedia.org)
  • A person with a weakened immune system may develop toxoplasmosis if they come into contact with cat litter or other sources of animal feces. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • A cat with toxoplasmosis can shed millions of eggs in its feces for 1 to 3 weeks after infection. (healthline.com)
  • If you own a reptile, wear gloves when handling the animal or its feces because salmonella is easily passed from animal to human. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Other zoonoses can be transmitted from animal feces when parasite eggs are inadvertently eaten by humans. (cdc.gov)
  • Exposure to infected animal or human feces (especially cat feces), improperly cooked meat products, or unwashed raw fruits and vegetables is commonly linked to this infection. (superkidsnutrition.com)
  • It is transmitted to humans by eating foods contaminated with animal feces or by infected food handlers who do not wash their hands. (superkidsnutrition.com)
  • Whether your pets poop in the yard or at an animal park, it's your responsibility to pick up their feces and dispose of them immediately. (chartattack.com)
  • The veterinarian can diagnose toxoplasmosis by a variety of lab tests, involving samples of the blood, feces or spinal fluid. (diyseattle.com)
  • They become infected by eating infected rodents, birds, or other small animals. (cdc.gov)
  • Toxoplasmosis-Induced Behavioral Changes: Not Just for Rodents! (naiaonline.org)
  • Many animal lovers already know about the effect of toxoplasmosis on rodents. (naiaonline.org)
  • Assessing rodents as carriers of pathogenic Leptospira species in the U.S. Virgin Islands and their risk to animal and public health. (cdc.gov)
  • Toxoplasmosis is a public health issue and an obstacle to the breeding of goats. (eurekaselect.com)
  • Keep reading to learn more about toxoplasmosis, how it's diagnosed and treated, and the steps you can take to avoid getting this parasitic infection. (healthline.com)
  • The COUG genotype was first isolated from mountain lions in British Columbia, Canada during investigation of a waterborne outbreak of toxoplasmosis in humans. (frontiersin.org)
  • Lloyd Faulkner has been farming in the Tapawera area for 65 years and had never seen such a "devastating" outbreak of toxoplasmosis before. (rnz.co.nz)
  • You can get toxoplasmosis from raw or undercooked meat and shellfish. (healthline.com)
  • Animals can get sick from undercooked or raw meat or eggs. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Humans become infected by eating undercooked meat from infected animals and food and water contaminated with oocysts. (usda.gov)
  • Infection of humans can occur through ingesting the parasite's eggs directly from the environment, such as through unwashed vegetables, or from tissue cysts in improperly cooked meat from an animal that has previously been infected. (rnz.co.nz)
  • But it can also be transmitted via contaminated or undercooked meat, or from handling soil that has come into contact with infected cat poo or infected dead animals. (theconversation.com)
  • In 1999, Mead and colleagues estimated that of the 750 deaths caused by toxoplasmosis each year, one half were the result of eating raw or undercooked meat, making toxoplasmosis the third leading cause of foodborne deaths ( 5 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Diseases that move through animal bites or scratches include bacteria like Bartonella that cause cat scratch fever, viruses that cause rabies, or diseases like ringworm that are caused from fungi. (cdc.gov)
  • Infection has three stages: Acute toxoplasmosis is often asymptomatic in healthy adults. (wikipedia.org)
  • The toxoplasmic trophozoites causing acute toxoplasmosis are referred to as tachyzoites, and are typically found in various tissues and body fluids, but rarely in blood or cerebrospinal fluid. (wikipedia.org)
  • Pediatric toxoplasmosis can be acute or chronic and congenital or postnatally acquired. (medscape.com)
  • The parasite infects a large number of animals as well as people. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Due to high zoonotic potential and the risk of infection via shared marine food resources, these findings may also indicate potential health threats for other animals and humans. (frontiersin.org)
  • Zoonotic diseases can spread between people and animals-even our pets. (cdc.gov)
  • Parasites are stealthy little pests that can live on animals, and you won't even know about their existence. (chartattack.com)
  • Just like contagious diseases, parasites can also spread, and these may find their way to other poor animals when poop is left on the ground for a long time. (chartattack.com)
  • Also, it's important to note that some parasites can spread from animals to humans. (chartattack.com)
  • Toxoplasmosis is an infection caused by a tiny parasite that relies on a cat's digestive tract to complete its lifecycle. (rnz.co.nz)
  • Other zoonoses, like salmonella, are bacteria that are also passed through a fecal-oral route from animals to people. (cdc.gov)
  • As part of a significant spend on conservation in Budget 2022, the Government committed $4.88 million to a three-year work programme focussing on toxoplasmosis, and how it impacts Māui dolphins. (doc.govt.nz)
  • Infected animals develop cysts in their tissues that contain the parasite. (allwestvet.ca)
  • Tissue cysts form in the tissue of infected animals within a week of infection. (glowm.com)
  • However, in people with immunodeficiencies such as AIDS or malignancies, rupture of cysts results in disease reactivation, including encephalitis or disseminated toxoplasmosis. (cdc.gov)
  • This is very much a problem that affects both humans and animals," said first author Emma Zhang, a fourth-year veterinary student with the UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine. (eurasiareview.com)
  • Diseases that pass between people and animals are called zoonoses. (cdc.gov)
  • What these serious diseases have in common is that they all start as zoonoses in the animal kingdom. (cdc.gov)
  • But domestic animals also carry about 50% of the zoonoses identified. (bangkokpost.com)
  • So we can emphasize that zoonoses are diseases that can be passed on to us by animals - in general, not just pets. (catholictranscript.org)
  • Toxoplasmosis can also be contracted from raw food, sand, or garden soil that has been contaminated by the Toxoplasma parasite. (liveoakvet.com)
  • But now a team of researchers at Glasgow University has conducted a study highlighting the importance of thioredoxins - enzymes that have unique characteristics in the toxoplasma parasite that are different from human and animal enzymes. (theconversation.com)
  • Sometimes babies with congenital toxoplasmosis aren't noticeably ill at birth but develop signs and symptoms as they get older. (healthline.com)
  • Adult animals may not show symptoms, but kittens and puppies often have crusty hair and bald patches. (medicinenet.com)
  • Gastrointestinal or neurologic symptoms should be reported to a veterinarian regardless, but especially in the case of toxoplasmosis infection, as time may be critical to save a young or vulnerable pet's life. (diyseattle.com)
  • This funding starts in the 2023/24 financial year and will be spent on research to inform actions to reduce the risk to Māui dolphins from toxoplasmosis. (doc.govt.nz)
  • Of those with the parasite, the people most at risk of serious illness are people with weakened immune systems and babies born to parents with toxoplasmosis. (healthline.com)
  • While the odds of us being eaten by a cat are quite small, people suffering from toxoplasmosis engage in notably more risk-taking behaviors, and demonstrate less fear of failure when compared to the general population. (naiaonline.org)
  • This leaves about 62% of women at risk to acquire toxoplasmosis during pregnancy. (glowm.com)
  • If you have a weak immune system, having a pet can put you at risk for serious illness from diseases that can spread from animals to humans. (medlineplus.gov)
  • If you decide to keep your pet, you and your family must be aware of the risk of diseases that can be passed from animals to humans. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The litter should be scooped daily to prevent the risk of toxoplasmosis infection. (medlineplus.gov)
  • These differences impact much of what we used to believe as facts about congenital toxoplasmosis (CT) and will be important in developing new recommendations for prevention of CT and the monitoring of women at risk for developing CT. (usda.gov)
  • Health care workers and nonhealth care workers such as those whose jobs involve contact with animals or animal products, refuse collection, and earth moving are also at risk to biological agents. (cdc.gov)
  • The fetus, newborn, and young infant with congenital toxoplasmosis are at risk of infection-associated complications, particularly retinal disease that can occur into adulthood. (medscape.com)
  • Educate the public in toxoplasmosis-prevention methods, such as protecting children's play areas from cat litter. (medscape.com)
  • He suspected that toxoplasmosis may have spread from flushed contaminated cat litter, spread through his property by the ducks that swim on the pond's surface. (rnz.co.nz)
  • Faulkner said he wanted Tasman District Council to publicise the effects of toxoplasmosis and discourage people from flushing cat litter down the toilet. (rnz.co.nz)
  • Explain toxoplasmosis prevention methods, such as protecting children's play areas from cat litter, to parents. (medscape.com)
  • Their conservation classification is "nationally critical" and they face threats from fishing, human activities such as gas and oil exploration, and toxoplasmosis. (doc.govt.nz)
  • Carol Rubin] Well, One Health is a concept that takes into account the relationship among human health and animal health and the environment. (cdc.gov)
  • One Health is an approach to looking at new diseases and other adverse health events by taking a holistic viewpoint that considers human health, animal disease, and environmental changes. (cdc.gov)
  • According to the UN Environment Programme (UNEP), 60% of human infectious diseases originate from animals. (bangkokpost.com)
  • They're much safer for both animals and their human owners. (chartattack.com)
  • One cat can shed many toxoplasmosis eggs which are hardy and can remain infectious for well over a year after being shed. (rnz.co.nz)
  • This means that they are the only animals that pass oocysts, the environmentally resistant stage of the parasite, in their stool to infect other animal species (including people). (allwestvet.ca)
  • Toxoplasmosis in sheep has the greatest impact on humans [13] since people prefer to eat half-cooked lamb in some minorities of China [14]. (peertechzpublications.com)
  • Toxoplasmosis is especially serious for people who have severely weakened immune systems, potentially leading to complications involving the eyes, brain, lungs, or other organs. (healthline.com)
  • Pregnant people with toxoplasmosis can also pass it on to the fetus. (healthline.com)
  • Some people with weakened immune systems may be advised to give up their pets to avoid getting diseases from the animals. (medlineplus.gov)
  • It's rare for people to get a tapeworm from animals, but it can happen. (medicinenet.com)
  • NEWS AND COMMENT: The Israeli Defence Minister's declaration that the Israeli military "are fighting animals, not people" is BS. (pictures-of-cats.org)
  • One Health recognizes that the three sectors, that is, people, animals, and the environment, are closely connected to each other, and that movement of diseases from animals to humans can be influenced by changes in the environment they share. (cdc.gov)
  • And recently, researchers have determined that more than 70 percent of emerging infectious diseases in people actually come from animals. (cdc.gov)
  • Carol Rubin] Over the centuries, animals have been domesticated by people who brought these animals into the home environment to share food and shelter. (cdc.gov)
  • In people with a weakened immune system due to AIDS or another condition, toxoplasmosis can reactivate, usually affecting the brain. (msdmanuals.com)
  • We all love our pets, but it's important to know the risks that come with any animal contact, especially for people who are more vulnerable to certain diseases. (cdc.gov)
  • For the welfare of animals, to safeguard the rights of responsible animal owners. (naiaonline.org)
  • DOC's Acting Marine Species Manager Kristina Hillock says the dolphin was sent for necropsy at Massey University, the results of which confirm it died from toxoplasmosis. (doc.govt.nz)
  • Toxoplasmosis causes mortality in many species of animals in the zoos, especially primates. (usda.gov)
  • Urbanisation and habitat fragmentation are also highly disruptive of the balance between species, while global warming can push disease-carrying animals into new territory. (bangkokpost.com)
  • Tasman District Council did not plan to test for toxoplasmosis in the wastewater treatment pond by Faulkner's property as there was no standard test for the disease in wastewater that could produce a validated result. (rnz.co.nz)
  • Toxoplasmosis is a disease affecting all endothermic animals, including humans. (usp.br)
  • What kind of disease is toxoplasmosis in dogs? (diyseattle.com)
  • Congenital toxoplasmosis is a preventable disease. (medscape.com)
  • Mothers with toxoplasmosis must be completely informed of the disease's potential consequences to the fetus. (medscape.com)
  • Congenital toxoplasmosis can have serious consequences and may result in mental retardation, blindness and death [2]. (who.int)