Tight junction proteins. Medical search. Frequent questions

The most important tight junction proteins are occludin, claudin and JAM family, that establish the backbone of tight junction and allow to passing of immune cells through the tissue. (wikipedia.org)
Proteins in epithelial and endothelial cells are occludin, claudin and tetraspanin, that each has a one or two different types of the conformation. (wikipedia.org)
Occludin cooperates with members of the claudin family directly or indirectly and together they form the long strands of tight junction. (wikipedia.org)
Claudins are major integral membrane proteins of tight junctions, especially Claudin 1, 4, and 7, which are known as the impermeability Claudins. (medscimonit.com)
To understand the association between netrin‑1 and the TJ‑associated proteins, the expression levels of proteins involved in maintaining the integrity of the BBB, including netrin‑1, claudin‑5, occludin and zonula occluden (ZO)‑1, were investigated in the present study using quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blot analysis and immunofluorescence. (spandidos-publications.com)
The results demonstrated that the levels of mRNA transcription and protein expression of the TJ‑associated proteins, claudin‑5, occludin and ZO‑1, were significantly reduced following TBI. (spandidos-publications.com)
Furuse M, Sasaki H and Tsukita S: Manner of interaction of heterogeneous claudin species within and between tight junction strands. (spandidos-publications.com)
We found reduced expression of the endothelial cell tight junction protein claudin-5 (Cldn5) and abnormal blood vessel morphology in nucleus accumbens (NAc) of stress-susceptible but not resilient mice. (nih.gov)

Downregulation of YAP expression using siYAP RNA or stable knock-down inhibited straightforward cell migration by fragmenting ZO-1 containing tight junctions (TJs) but not adherens junctions, implying involvement of YAP in ZO-1-mediated cell migration. (korea.ac.kr)
The vascular endothelium is formed by a sheet of endothelial cells tethered together by junctional proteins such as tight and adherens junctions. (bvsalud.org)

Furthermore, the changes in the expression of these three TJ proteins were consistent with the changes in the BBB permeability, indicating that weakening intercellular junctions leads to BBB opening. (spandidos-publications.com)
The inhibition of influx is due in large part to the binding of metal ions to sulphydryl groups on transport proteins (ATPases), while the stimulation of efflux appears to be governed by the displacement of calcium from the intercellular tight junctions of the epithelial cells. (astm.org)
The apical-most epithelial intercellular junction, i.e., the tight junction, regulates paracellular solute and ion permeability. (jove.com)

It can also coordinate the motion of lipids and proteins between the apical and basolateral surfaces of the plasma membrane. (wikipedia.org)
The morphology of tight junction is formed by transmembrane strands in the inner side of plasma membrane with complementary grooves on the outer side. (wikipedia.org)
Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence: Tight Junction Protein 2 Antibody [NBP1-86850] - Staining of human cell line U-2 OS shows positivity in plasma membrane, cytoplasm and cell junctions. (novusbio.com)
In the enterocyte microvillus, the structural core is attached to the plasma membrane along its length by lateral arms made of myosin 1a and Ca 2+ binding protein calmodulin . (wikipedia.org)
The microvilli are covered with glycocalyx , consisting of peripheral glycoproteins that can attach themselves to a plasma membrane via transmembrane proteins . (wikipedia.org)
Stimulation of acid secretion typically involves an initial elevation of intracellular calcium and cAMP, followed by activation of protein kinase cascades, which trigger the translocation of the proton pump, H+,K+-ATPase, from cytoplasmic tubulovesicles to the apical plasma membrane and thereby H+ secretion into the stomach lumen. (genome.jp)
This gene encodes an integral membrane protein that comprises a subunit of an ATP-metabolizing enzyme responsible for transporting sodium and potassium ions across the plasma membrane. (nih.gov)

We assessed changes in the gut microbiota, intestinal permeability, gut peptides, intestinal epithelial tight-junction proteins ZO-1 and occludin (qPCR and immunohistochemistry), hepatic and systemic inflammation. (bmj.com)

The TJ is a multi-protein complex that forms a selectively permeable seal between adjacent epithelial cells and demarcates the boundary between apical and basolateral membrane domains [9]. (researchsquare.com)
Tight junctions between adjacent epithelial cells constitute the physiological barrier to fluid and macromolecules in epithelium. (nih.gov)

Tight junction proteins in the cell organize paracellular permeability and they play a critical role in apical cell-to-cell adhesion and epithelial polarity. (medscimonit.com)
The aim of the present study was to determine the changes in BBB permeability and whether pZsGreen1‑N1 mediated overexpression of netrin‑1 increased the expression of the TJ‑associated proteins following traumatic brain injury (TBI). (spandidos-publications.com)
Hirase T, Staddon JM, Saitou M, et al: Occludin as a possible determinant of tight junction permeability in endothelial cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
Epithelial tight junctions (TJs) maintain the intestinal barrier while regulating the permeability of ions, nutrients, and water. (researchsquare.com)
Inhibiting Rho kinase (ROCK) significantly reduces the smoke-induced permeability to both ions and macromolecules, while inhibiting protein tyrosine kinases (PTK) only reduces smoke-induced macromolecular permeability. (nih.gov)
The interaction between its physical, physiological and immunological components enables a balanced permeability, providing an effective defence to macromolecules, bacterial products, and food antigens, but allowing a small fraction of molecules to cross the tight junctions and facilitating the co-existence with the intestinal microbiota without causing any harm. (allaboutfeed.net)
In this study, the expression of a group of proteins involved in maintaining the selective permeability of the intestinal mucosa (tight junction protein complex) was assessed in growing pigs. (allaboutfeed.net)
This decreased inflammatory tone was associated with a lower intestinal permeability and improved tight-junction integrity compared to controls. (bmj.com)
Importantly, high-fat feeding strongly increased intestinal permeability and reduced the expression of genes coding for proteins of the tight junctions. (diabetesjournals.org)
Gα12 couples to numerous G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and regulates multiple epithelial responses, including proliferation, apoptosis, permeability and the actin cytoskeleton. (medscape.com)

These results indicate that the expression patterns of CLDs and the distribution patterns of TJs change drastically between the secretory and mature ameloblast stages, suggesting that these patterns reflect the different functions of these cells, specifically in the transport of proteins and ions for enamel formation. (elsevierpure.com)
Epithelial cells remove excess hydrogen ions (H+) via membrane transport systems and have tight junctions, which prevent back diffusion of H+ ions. (msdmanuals.com)
Connexin proteins form channels called gap junctions that permit the transport of nutrients, charged atoms (ions), and signaling molecules between neighboring cells that are in contact with each other. (medlineplus.gov)
Gap junctions made with connexin 26 transport potassium ions and certain small molecules. (medlineplus.gov)

This TJ strand network is composed by transmembrane proteins, that interact with the actin in cytoskeleton and with submembrane proteins, which send a signal into the cell. (wikipedia.org)
Some of TJ proteins act as a scaffolds, that connect integral proteins with the actin in a cytoskeleton. (wikipedia.org)
20 to 30 tightly bundled actin filaments are cross-linked by bundling proteins fimbrin (or plastin-1), villin and espin to form the core of the microvilli. (wikipedia.org)
The plus ends of the actin filaments are located at the tip of the microvillus and are capped, possibly by capZ proteins, [2] while the minus ends are anchored in the terminal web composed of a complicated set of proteins including spectrin and myosin II. (wikipedia.org)
Calponin is an actin filament-associated regulatory protein that can inhibit the activity of myosin- ATPase and stabilize the dynamics of the actin cytoskeleton. (ijpsonline.com)
Calponin is a group of actin filament-associated regulatory proteins. (ijpsonline.com)

Fanning AS, Mitic LL and Anderson JM: Transmembrane proteins in the tight junction barrier. (spandidos-publications.com)

Others have an ability to crosslink junctional molecules or transport vesicles through the tight junction. (wikipedia.org)
Zonula occludens (ZO)-1 is a multi-domain polypeptide required for the assembly of TJs [10] and links junctional membrane proteins to the cytoskeleton and signaling plaque proteins [11]. (researchsquare.com)

The tetraspan membrane protein is established by two extracellular loops, two extracellular domains and one short intracellular domain. (wikipedia.org)
This domain contains PDZ-binding motif, that facilitate to bind them to the PDZ membrane proteins, like a ZO-1, ZO-2, ZO-3,MUPP1. (wikipedia.org)
Anderson J, Fanning A, Lapierre L and Van Itallie CM: Zonula occludens (ZO)-1 and ZO-2: membrane-associated guanylate kinase homologues (MAGuKs) of the tight junction. (spandidos-publications.com)
Some affected infants are born with a tight, clear sheath covering their skin called a collodion membrane. (medlineplus.gov)

Thereby tight junction conducts signaling molecules, that influence the differentiation, proliferation and polarity of cells. (wikipedia.org)
It works as a transmitter from and to the tight junction, because of its association with signaling molecules (PI3-kinase, PKC, YES, protein phosphases 2A, 1). (wikipedia.org)

Occludin (60kDa) was the first identified component of tight junction. (wikipedia.org)
Therefore the result of the overexpression of mutant occludin in epithelial cells leads to break down the barrier function of tight junction and changes in a migration of neutrophils. (wikipedia.org)
Haskins J, Gu L, Wittchen ES, Hibbard J and Stevenson BR: ZO-3, a novel member of the MAGUK protein family found at the tight junction, interacts with ZO-1 and occludin. (spandidos-publications.com)
Tight junctions (TJs) function primarily as a barrier against paracellular transport between epithelial cells and are composed mainly of occludin (OLD) and claudins (CLDs). (elsevierpure.com)

Some submembrane proteins are involved in the cell signaling and gene expression due to their specific binding to the transcription factor. (wikipedia.org)
In addition, basal expression levels of tight junction protein-1 encoding ZO1 were lower in R91W;Nrl −/− than in wt retinas. (nature.com)
The two strains mediate adhesion by different mechanisms and, when combined, synergically induce the expression of Caco-2 tight junction proteins. (frontiersin.org)
Scope includes mutations and abnormal protein expression. (cancerindex.org)
Na/K-ATPase beta1 subunit expression is required for blastocyst formation and normal assembly of trophectoderm tight junction-associated proteins. (nih.gov)
The expression of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, zonula occludens (ZO)-1, Beclin-1 and autophagy-related (atg) 5 mRNA was evaluated by quantitative PCR, and the expression of ZO-1, microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B (LC3B) I and, LC3B II protein by Western blot. (karger.com)
After differentiating the mutant and corrected cells into lung organoids, we show expression of SFTPB mRNA during endodermal and organoid differentiation but the protein product only after organoid differentiation. (nature.com)
Expression of ODE-induced tight junction protein(s) was also MyD88-dependent. (cdc.gov)
To explore the pathologic significance of calponin 2 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, the expression level of calponin 2 proteins in the tumor tissue of 190 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients was examined with immunohistochemistry while the expression level of calponin 2 messenger ribonucleic acid was analyzed by using the data from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. (ijpsonline.com)
Further, in esophageal cancer tumor tissue, calponin 2 gene was found to co-express with genes associated with tight junction and the expression level of calponin 2 was observed to correlate significantly with the number of infiltrating immune cells. (ijpsonline.com)
Adhesion of MSCs to DLT molded in silicone and particularly in collagen initiates polygonal morphology and monolayer formation and enhances not only transcription of CEC typical genes such as ZO-1, Na/K-ATPase, PITX2, and COL-8 but also expression of the corresponding proteins. (lww.com)

Furthermore, massaging from two different directions, clockwise (CW) and counter-clockwise (CCW) massage, would not significantly influence the effect of the massage on intestinal microbiota or tight junction proteins. (figshare.com)

In conclusion, Par3A function is either dispensable for slit diaphragm integrity, or compensatory mechanisms and a high redundancy of the different polarity proteins, including Par3B, Lgl, or PALS1, maintain the function of the glomerular filtration barrier, even in the absence of Par3A. (uni-koeln.de)

Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (CPE) induces cytolysis very rapidly through binding to its receptors, the tight junction proteins CLDN 3 and 4. (johnshopkins.edu)
Many of these molecules activate G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), which couple to multiple Gα subunits. (medscape.com)

Yes-associated protein (YAP) regulates numerous cellular homeostasis processes and malignant transformation. (korea.ac.kr)

It is concluded that dermal application of a contact allergen, as exemplified by OX and HCA, may induce cell proliferation in the neighboring lymph nodes and spleen indicative of hapten and/or haptenated proteins diffusing through the skin to periph- eral nodes and the blood to produce systemic sensitization. (cdc.gov)

In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of tight junction Zonula occludens-1 (Zo-1) in intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) treatment response and the occurrence of CAL formation in KD patients. (researchsquare.com)

The GJB2 gene mutations that cause Vohwinkel syndrome change single protein building blocks (amino acids) in connexin 26. (medlineplus.gov)

The function of the blood‑brain barrier (BBB) depends on the integrity of tight junction (TJ)‑associated proteins. (spandidos-publications.com)
These findings suggest that chronic social stress alters BBB integrity through loss of tight junction protein Cldn5, promoting peripheral IL-6 passage across the BBB and depression. (nih.gov)

So tight junction plays a key role in maintenance of osmotic balance and trans-cellular transport of tissue specific molecules. (wikipedia.org)
Both the calponin 2 messenger ribonucleic acid and protein level were increasingly expressed in the tumor tissues of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients compared with the adjacent non-tumor tissue and correlated negatively with the tumor grade. (ijpsonline.com)
Using dilution potentials, you can measure the permselectivity and get an understanding of tight junctions in a tissue. (jove.com)

What does this gene/protein do? (cancerindex.org)
What pathways are this gene/protein implicaed in? (cancerindex.org)
At least immunofluorescence analysis has been conducted to confirm gene data on the protein level. (lww.com)
This gene provides instructions for making a protein called gap junction beta 2, more commonly known as connexin 26. (medlineplus.gov)
This gene provides instructions for making a protein called loricrin, which is involved in the formation and maintenance of the epidermis, particularly its tough outer surface (the stratum corneum). (medlineplus.gov)

also known as ASH1), neurogenic differentiation factor 1 (NeuroD1), yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) and POU class 2 homeobox 3 (POU2F3). (cancerindex.org)
The TLR adaptor protein myeloid differentiation factor88 (MyD88) is fundamental in regulating acute inflammatory responses to organic dust extract (ODE), yet its role in repetitive exposures is unknown and could inform future strategies. (cdc.gov)

Several research studies show that acute phase proteins and other biomarkers of inflammation are significantly reduced in food animals fed IQ, while production parameters are improved. (allaboutfeed.net)
The intestinal barrier functions are affected by the enteric nervous system (ENS), both directly through regulation of tight junctions via neurotransmitters and neurotrophic factors [ 10 ] and indirectly through neuroimmune modulation during inflammation [ 11 ]. (hindawi.com)

Surfactant protein B (SFTPB) deficiency is a fatal disease affecting newborn infants. (nature.com)

Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: Tight Junction Protein 2 Antibody [NBP1-86850] - Staining of human pancreas shows weak cytoplasmic psotivity in exocrine glandular cells. (novusbio.com)
Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: Tight Junction Protein 2 Antibody [NBP1-86850] - Staining of human testis shows strong membranous and cytoplasmic positivity in cells in seminiferous ducts. (novusbio.com)
Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: Tight Junction Protein 2 Antibody [NBP1-86850] - Staining of human colon shows moderate cytoplasmic and membranous positivity in glandular cells. (novusbio.com)

Using a physiologically relevant air-liquid interface exposure system, electrically tight monolayers of the human bronchial epithelial cell-line Calu-3 were exposed to fresh, whole mainstream cigarette smoke. (nih.gov)

Unlocking the Mysteries of the Immune System: new Roles of complement proteins in Diabetes and Cancer. (lu.se)

Western Blot: Tight Junction Protein 2 Antibody [NBP1-86850] - Primary mouse lung endothelial cells treated with or without control IgG was blotted with the anti-TJP-2 antibody. (novusbio.com)
Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence: Tight Junction Protein 2 Antibody [NBP1-86850] - Staining in primary mouse lung endothelial cells. (novusbio.com)

The complexity of the network structure depends on the cell type and it can be visualized and analyzed by freeze-fracture electron microscopy, which shows the individual strands of the tight junction. (wikipedia.org)

PAR-1 activation strengthens endothelial tight junctions, increases endothelial survival, and dampens the inflammatory response. (cdc.gov)

Western Blot: Tight Junction Protein 2 Antibody [NBP1-86850] - Analysis in human cell lines A-431 and SK-MEL-30 using anti-TJP2 antibody. (novusbio.com)
It is localized to many small speckles in the nucleus, and also to cell-cell tight junctions. (cancerindex.org)
Astragaloside IV might suppress autophagy initiation directly or indirectly through suppressing the oxidative stress and inflammatory response, which further enhances the cell viability and tight junction and reduces apoptosis in LPS-stimulated pulmonary endothelial ARDS cell model, thus exerting its therapeutic function in ARDS. (karger.com)
Each cell of the stratum corneum, called a corneocyte, is surrounded by a protein shell called a cornified envelope. (medlineplus.gov)
the altered protein is trapped inside the cell and cannot reach the cornified envelope. (medlineplus.gov)

Nowadays is known more than 40 different proteins, that are involved in these selective TJ channels. (wikipedia.org)
This TJ protein also participate in a selective diffusion of solutes along concentration gradient and transmigration of leukocytes across the endothelium and epithelium. (wikipedia.org)

Here, a protocol for the preparation of mucosal sheets and assessment of the ion selectivity of tight junctions using Ussing chamber technique is described. (jove.com)

Molecular neuroscience has largely focused on the functions of protein-coding genes, which account for less than 2% of our DNA. (lu.se)

Some of them haven´t been well characterized yet but all members are encoded by 20-27kDa tetraspan proteins with two extracellular domains, one short intracellular domain and two extracellular loops, where is the first one notably larger than the second one. (wikipedia.org)

These results supported the idea that calponin 2 is involved in esophageal cancer and may function as a tumor inhibitor probably through modulating cancer cells tight junction and tumor immunity. (ijpsonline.com)

This protocol is used to study the transport qualities of tight junctions. (jove.com)

Further we discovered fast TJ proteins disruptions that could end up being partially obstructed by caspase-3 inhibition with Z-DEVD-fmk. (scienceexhibitions.org)
While other proteins can partially compensate for the missing loricrin, the envelope of some corneocytes is thinner than normal in affected individuals, resulting in ichthyosis and the other skin abnormalities associated with the variant form of Vohwinkel syndrome. (medlineplus.gov)

Anatomy40

Organisms8

Diseases8

Chemicals and Drugs57

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment19

Phenomena and Processes30

Disciplines and Occupations1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science3

Claudin8

Adherens Junctions2

Intercellular3

Plasma membrane7

Epithelial tight junction1

Adjacent epithelial cells2

Permeability10

Ions4

Actin6

Transmembrane proteins1

Junctional2

Membrane4

Signaling molecules2

Occludin4

Expression11

Microbiota1

Polarity1

Receptors2

Regulates1

Induce1

Zonula1

Amino acids1

Integrity2

Tissue3

Gene5

Differentiation2

Inflammation2

Deficiency1

Immunohistochemistry3

Exposure1

Immune1

Lung2

Strands1

Increases1

Cell5

Selective2

Mucosal1

Genes1

Intracellular1

Esophageal Cancer1

Transport1

Partially2