• Using tetrameric complexes of human histocompatibility leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I to identify antigen-specific T cells ex vivo, we observed high frequencies of circulating MelanA-specific, A*0201-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes (A2-MelanA tetramer+ CTLs) in seven of nine HLA-A*0201-positive individuals with vitiligo. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Finally, we observed that the A2-MelanA tetramer+ CTLs isolated from vitiligo patients expressed high levels of the skin homing receptor, cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen, which was absent from the CTLs seen in the single A*0201-positive normal control. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Target cells expressing single viral proteins were then used to identify the molecules recognized by cytotoxic Tlymphocytes (CTLS). (ox.ac.uk)
  • We have recently described clonally expanded circulating CD4 + cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) in IgG4-RD that infiltrate affected tissues where they secrete interleukin (IL)-1β and transforming growth factor -β1 (TGF-β1). (elsevierpure.com)
  • The cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) typically susceptible to antigenic variation. (cdc.gov)
  • Although cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) are thought to be involved in the control of human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1) infection, it has not been possible to demonstrate a direct relation between CTL activity and plasma RNA viral load. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The role of uncultured melanoma cells in the proliferation of autologous tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) was investigated. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • F ) Activation of immune response leads to differentiating CD8 + T lymphocytes into CTLs, capable of destroying virus-infected cells. (news-medical.net)
  • The T lymphocyte reponse, in particular that mediated by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), is likely to be involved in determining the outcome of infection, although its overall role is not clear. (ox.ac.uk)
  • After virus infection, cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) divide rapidly to eradicate the pathogen and prevent the establishment of persistence. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) of cancer patients exhibit the ability to lyse tumor cells and this feature is of great importance for the control of the immune response against tumor onset and progression. (unife.it)
  • Identification of type-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses to homologous viral proteins in laboratory workers accidentally infected with HIV-1. (jci.org)
  • Characterization of the cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response against HIV-1 has been limited by the use of target cells expressing viral proteins from laboratory isolates of HIV-1. (jci.org)
  • These and more recent results with nonviral glycoproteins are consistent with the existence of a mechanism for degrading viral (and perhaps host) proteins and exposing them at the cell surface for recognition by cytotoxic T cells in association with class I molecules of the major histocompatibility complex. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Scholars@Duke publication: Induction in vitro of primary cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses with DNA encoding herpes simplex virus proteins. (duke.edu)
  • The HIV-1 regulatory proteins Tat and Rev are frequently targeted by cytotoxic T lymphocytes derived from HIV-1-infected individuals. (ox.ac.uk)
  • However, the extent to which these proteins are targeted in natural HIV-1 infection as well as precise epitopes targeted by human cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) remain to be defined. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Synergy among thymocytes and peripheral lymph node cells in the in vitro generation of lymphocytes cytotoxic to alloantigens. (ox.ac.uk)
  • We previously reported cytotoxic activity of dengue virus-specific CD4+ CD8- T cell clones established in long-term in vitro culture. (umassmed.edu)
  • Estos linfocitos citotóxicos pueden generarse in vitro en cultivos mixtos de linfocitos (MLC, siglas en inglés), in vivo durante una reacción de injerto contra huésped (GVH, siglas en inglés), o después de la inmunización con un aloinjerto, célula tumoral o célula diana modificada químicamente o transformada por virus. (bvsalud.org)
  • These cytotoxic lymphocytes may be generated in vitro in mixed lymphocyte cultures (MLC), in vivo during a graft-versus-host (GVH) reaction, or after immunization with an allograft, tumor cell or virally transformed or chemically modified target cell. (bvsalud.org)
  • the TB2 tube contains an additional set of peptides targeted to the induction of CMI responses from CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes. (cdc.gov)
  • Suboptimal Stimulation by Weak Agonist Epitope Variants Does Not Drive Dysfunction of HIV-1-Specific Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Clones. (aidshealth.org)
  • Eight HLA B27-restricted influenza A virus nucleoprotein 383-391-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) clones were obtained from three unrelated donors following natural infection. (ox.ac.uk)
  • beta-chain variable-region usage was also conserved, with V beta 7 being used by five clones despite contributing less than 2% of peripheral blood lymphocyte V beta sequences of one individual studied. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Using H-2Kd-restricted photoprobe-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) clones, which permit assessment of T cell receptor (TCR)-ligand interactions by TCR photoaffinity labeling, we observed that the efficiency of antigen recognition by CTL was critically dependent on the half-life of TCR-ligand complexes. (ox.ac.uk)
  • We demonstrate that DEP-based devices can be used to manipulate CTL clustered to target cells with the aim to develop an efficient methodology to quantify CTL-mediated cytolysis and identification of CTL clusters or clones exhibiting high cytotoxic activity. (unife.it)
  • Conservation of T cell receptor usage by HLA B27-restricted influenza-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes suggests a general pattern for antigen-specific major histocompatibility complex class I-restricted responses. (ox.ac.uk)
  • RANTES activates antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in a mitogen-like manner through cell surface aggregation. (ox.ac.uk)
  • CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) play a key role in the control of many virus infections, and the need for vaccines to elicit strong CD8+ T-cell responses in order to provide optimal protection in such infections is increasingly apparent. (bioskinrevive.com)
  • Based on this analysis, the authors misleadingly conclude that MIS-C and KD may share a similar etiology, and both diseases are associated with the downregulation of cytotoxic and exhausted CD8 + T cells responses. (mit.edu)
  • Quantifiable cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses and HLA-related risk of progression to AIDS. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Population frequency of HLA types (or supertypes) and their capacity to elicit cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses are also negatively correlated. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Inflammation and endothelial injury were assessed in selected samples by immunostaining for CD8 T cells, activated cytotoxic T lymphocytes, and vascular endothelial cells. (nih.gov)
  • Host endothelial cells are a target of alloreactive donor cytotoxic T lymphocytes. (nih.gov)
  • T cell immunity is at the center of the disease contributing to the inflammatory process through the loss of tolerance to gluten and the differentiation of HLA-DQ2 or HLA-DQ8-restricted anti-gluten inflammatory CD4 + T cells secreting pro-inflammatory cytokines and to the killing of intestinal epithelial cells by cytotoxic intraepithelial CD8 + lymphocytes. (frontiersin.org)
  • Human influenza A virus-specific, cytotoxic T cells have been shown previously to recognize the virus nucleoprotein on infected cells. (ox.ac.uk)
  • CD8+ CTL lines were derived from lymphocytes of two HLA B37-positive donors and used to show that the peptide was represented on virus-infected cells and to determine the probable boundaries of the epitope. (ox.ac.uk)
  • A cytotoxic T cell (also known as TC, cytotoxic T lymphocyte, CTL, T-killer cell, cytolytic T cell, CD8+ T-cell or killer T cell) is a T lymphocyte (a type of white blood cell) that kills cancer cells, cells that are infected by intracellular pathogens (such as viruses or bacteria), or cells that are damaged in other ways. (wikipedia.org)
  • Most cytotoxic T cells express T-cell receptors (TCRs) that can recognize a specific antigen. (wikipedia.org)
  • CD8+ T cells are recognized as TC cells once they become activated and are generally classified as having a pre-defined cytotoxic role within the immune system. (wikipedia.org)
  • Activation of Cytotoxic Lymphocytes Through CD6 Enhances Killing of Cancer Cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • CD6, expressed by T-lymphocytes and human NK cells , engages in cell - cell interactions by binding to its ligands CD166 ( ALCAM ) and CD318 (CDCP1). (bvsalud.org)
  • Analysis of tumor -infiltrating immune cells showed that augmentation of lymphocyte cytotoxicity by UMCD6 is due to effects of this antibody on NK, NKT and CD8+ T cells . (bvsalud.org)
  • We show that uncultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells of many patients contain cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) that lyse target cells-at plausible peripheral blood mononuclear cell-to-target ratios-with half-lives of less than 1 day. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Specific adsorption of cytotoxic thymus-processed lymphocytes (t cells" by P Golstein, E A. Svedmyr et al. (jax.org)
  • Specific adsorption of cytotoxic thymus-processed lymphocytes (t cells) on glutaraldehyde-fixed fibroblast monolayers. (jax.org)
  • Compared with HCs, the "Skyblue module", which contains genes related to cytotoxic and exhausted CD8 + T cells, was critically downregulated in both MIS-C and KD patients. (mit.edu)
  • [ 7 ] Once EBV infection occurs, the virus persists in a person for life, latently in B-cell lymphocytes and chronically replicating in the cells of the oropharynx. (medscape.com)
  • RANTES (regulated upon activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted) is released by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL), and is a potent chemoattractant factor for monocytes and T cells, also known for its ability to suppress HIV infection. (ox.ac.uk)
  • G ) CD4 + T lymphocytes cells differentiate into Th1, which activates phagocytosis through NK cells and macrophages, promoting pathogen killing. (news-medical.net)
  • If the collaborative requirement of Lyt 1 T helper cells is bypassed by the Lyt 1 T cell-derived mediator of T help, termed I1-2, upon antigenic stimulation, PNA + Lyt 123 thymocytes differentiate into either alloreactive or H-2-restricted PNA - Lyt 23 cytotoxic effector cells. (psu.edu)
  • CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) are key determinants of immunity to intracellular pathogens and neoplastic cells. (colinsbraincancer.com)
  • Intro CTLA\4 (cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen\4 or Compact disc152), uncovered in a cDNA collection produced from turned on T cells originally, shows important framework and series homology with Compact disc28. (technuc.com)
  • Desk 2 Anti\cytotoxic T\lymphocyte antigen\4 (CTLA\4) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) augment alloimmune response of individual T cells in secondary combined lymphocyte response (MLR) Anti\CTLA\4 mAbs were also added to main MLR of peripheral blood T lymphocytes against allogeneic monocyte\derived dendritic cells, acquired by tradition of purified peripheral blood monocytes with GM\CSF and IL\4 for 7 days. (technuc.com)
  • Immunized T-lymphocytes which can directly destroy appropriate target cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • Thus, the CD6-CD318 axis can regulate the activation state of cytotoxic lymphocytes and their positioning within the tumor microenvironment . (bvsalud.org)
  • Occupancy of CTLA\4 (cytotoxic T\lymphocyte antigen\4 or CD152) negatively regulates the activation of mouse T lymphocytes, seeing that indicated with the destiny of CTLA\4\deficient mice, with the influence of anti\CTLA\4 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) on mouse T\cell activation and by the influence of CTLA\4 blockade within the course of experimental tumoral, autoimmune, alloimmune or infectious disease with this animal. (technuc.com)
  • Finally, and importantly, blockade of the connection of CTLA\4 with its ligands using Toceranib soluble anti\CTLA\4 mAbs, in undamaged form or as Fab fragments, Toceranib enhanced T\cell activation in several polyclonal or alloantigen\specific CD80\ or CD80/CD86\dependent assays, as measured by cytokine production, cellular proliferation or cytotoxic reactions. (technuc.com)
  • Number 5 Blocking anti\cytotoxic T\lymphocyte antigen\4 (CTLA\4) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) increase cytokine production inside a polyclonal CD80\dependent T\cell activation assay. (technuc.com)
  • HLA B37 determines an influenza A virus nucleoprotein epitope recognized by cytotoxic T lymphocytes. (ox.ac.uk)
  • MicroRNAs not only participate in determining DCs phenotype and then naive T lymphocyte differentiation, but also participate in the regulation of airway inflammation and airway remodeling in asthma. (cdc.gov)
  • High frequency of skin-homing melanocyte-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in autoimmune vitiligo. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Association of autoimmune pancreatitis with cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 gene polymorphisms in Japanese patients. (cdc.gov)
  • Cytotoxic T lymphocytes and viral turnover in HIV type 1 infection. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Together, these findings suggest dysregulated cytotoxic lymphocyte response to SARS-Cov-2 infection in MIS-C. (mit.edu)
  • Migration of cytotoxic lymphocytes in cell cycle permits local MHC I-dependent control of division at sites of viral infection. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Individuals infected with M. tuberculosis complex organisms (M. tuberculosis, M. bovis, M. africanum, M. microti, M. canetti) usually have lymphocytes in their blood that recognize these and other mycobacterial antigens. (cdc.gov)
  • Number 6 Blocking the cytotoxic T\lymphocyte antigen\4 (CTLA\4)CCD80/CD86 connection enhances T\cell proliferation and cytotoxic reactions. (technuc.com)
  • Here we demonstrate that disrupting the CD6-CD318 axis with UMCD6, an anti-CD6 monoclonal antibody , prolongs survival of mice in xenograft models of human breast and prostate cancer , treated with infusions of human lymphocytes . (bvsalud.org)
  • Tumor -infiltrating cytotoxic lymphocytes were found in higher proportions and were activated in UMCD6-treated mice compared to controls. (bvsalud.org)
  • Designed for the microcytotoxicity assay, One Lambda cytotoxic controls are used to test various conditions including the viability of a lymphocyte preparation to the reactivity of complement. (vhbio.com)
  • Treatment of cultured PBMC with monoclonal antibody to CD3 or CD4 and complement abrogated the cytotoxic activity but treatment with a monoclonal antibody to CD8 and complement did not. (umassmed.edu)
  • Vaccines which successfully protect against virus infections usually need to induce a broadly reactive immune response which includes the induction of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). (duke.edu)
  • These findings raise the possibility that milk contributes to mucosal immunity not only by furnishing antimicrobial molecules but also by policing the function of lymphocytes and epithelium. (lu.se)
  • Lymphocyte culture: The lymphocytes were taken from two male and female subjects, aged 24 and 25 years, respectively, who were healthy, non-alcoholic, drug-free and without a history of diseases and signed a written informed consent. (ac.ir)
  • The inflammagenic potential of the tested CNP was found to be as follows: GO>C60-TRIS>C60, as evidenced by accumulation of PMNs, macrophages and lymphocytes as well as changes in lung permeability and inflammatory cytokine profiles in the lungs on days 1 and 7 post exposure. (cdc.gov)
  • PBMC were incubated with noninfectious dengue 1 antigen (Ag)3 for 7 days, and were examined for dengue 1-specific cytotoxic activity. (umassmed.edu)
  • Dielectrophoresis (DEP) based Lab-on-a-chip devices for real-time monitoring of the activity of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes. (unife.it)
  • Analysis of this effect revealed that a component of milk in a particular physical state--multimeric alpha-lact-albumin--is a potent Ca(2+)-elevating and apoptosis-inducing agent with broad, yet selective, cytotoxic activity. (lu.se)
  • Erowid.org: Erowid Reference 2931 : Cytotoxic Effects Induced by Various Agents in Rat Thymus Lymphocytes. (erowid.org)
  • Özgür M, Gül Yılmaz Ş, Uçar A, Yılmaz S. Cytotoxic Effects of Bisphenol A as an Endocrine Disruptor on Human Lymphocytes. (ac.ir)
  • We aimed to see whether vascular injury mediated by cytotoxic T lymphocytes and microvessel loss arises in patients with chronic GVHD. (nih.gov)
  • Perivascular CD8 T cell infiltrates in skin correlated with vWF plasma concentrations in patients with GVHD (p=0.01), and activated cytotoxic T lymphocytes and endothelial injury were present in these same samples. (nih.gov)
  • We find that the CTL response against HCV is vigorous in its early phases but dwindles over time both in terms of lymphocyte number and function. (ox.ac.uk)
  • One Lambda cytotoxic controls are provided in frozen form in 1 ml aliquots. (vhbio.com)