ResectionMajor salivaryTumorsParotid and submandibular glandsNormal submandibular glandsDescribed in the parotidAcinar cellsHistologicalSialolithiasisSialadenitisTumorLeft submandibularLargest salivary glandsRight submandibularMinor salivary glandsDuctNeoplasmsSalivary gland disordersPatientsRegenerationSublingual glandsFloor of the mouthLacrimalExcisionBenignTissueInnervationNeckSurgicalFine needle aspSympathectomized ratsRecurrentInfectionCancersSecretory unitsLymphTissuesBacterial infectionsBiopsyAbscessScintigraphyRegulatesTriangleSurgeryPharynx2022RegenerativeVivoChronicStonesInflammationParenchymaSuperficialDiagnosisPostoperativeUltrasoundLithiasisConclusionInvolvementTumours
Resection6
- In this clinical report, 23 posttreatment imaging studies were evaluated in 19 patients who had undergone submandibular gland flap reconstructions after resection of a primary head and neck tumor. (ajnr.org)
- The surgeon will proceed with the resection using careful, precision strokes with a thin blade to free the gland and as much of the surrounding tissue as has been deemed necessary. (uciheadandneck.com)
- Because of the relatively uncomplicated and straightforward nature of the submandibular gland resection, both surgeon and patient should be confident that there will be no lasting effects, barring unforeseen complications in medication, anesthesia, or recovery. (uciheadandneck.com)
- The aim of this study is to describe the surgical technique of endoscopic submandibular gland (SMG) resection through the potential plane between great auricular nerve (GAN) and sternocleidomastoid muscle (sub-GAN dissection) and to evaluate its technical feasibility and advantage. (korea.ac.kr)
- On resection of the submandibular gland, the histological features of the lesion were confirmed to be those of chronic sclerosing sialadenitis supporting the clinical impression of a sialolith. (assaf.org.za)
- Are surgical outcomes better for intraoral removal of proximal submandibular stones or traditional submandibular gland (SMG) resection? (enttoday.org)
Major salivary6
- The paired submandibular glands (historically known as submaxillary glands) are major salivary glands located beneath the floor of the mouth. (wikipedia.org)
- C080 Submandibular gland **Note 1:** This schema is based on the UICC chapter *Major Salivary Glands,* pages 54-57. (cancer.gov)
- If directly assigning SS2000, use the *Parotid Gland, Other Major Salivary Glands* chapter on page 54 of the [SS2000 on-line manual](http://seer.cancer.gov/tools/ssm/SSSM2000-122012.pdf#page=54). (cancer.gov)
- Burke CJ, Thomas RH, Howlett D. Imaging the major salivary glands. (assaf.org.za)
- The TNM classification for cancer of the major salivary glands (parotid, submandibular, and sublingual) is provided below, along with anatomic staging. (medscape.com)
- We have three "major salivary glands" on each side of the neck in addition to hundreds of tiny "minor salivary glands" imbedded within the lining of the head and neck. (usf.edu)
Tumors11
- Benign tumors and cancer are also common diseases affecting the submandibular gland. (uciheadandneck.com)
- All the tumors had lower signal intensity than the normal submandibular gland on T1-weighted images and had intermediate to high (n 5 8) or high (n 5 3) signal intensity relative to the normal submandibular gland on T2-weighted images. (fdocuments.net)
- Eighty percent of all salivary gland tumors arise in the parotid gland, 10% in the submandibular gland, and the remaining 10% in the minor salivary gland and sublingual gland (2). (fdocuments.net)
- The proportion of malignant tumors differs among the various salivary glands. (fdocuments.net)
- In the parotid gland, about 20% of all tumors are ma- lignant, whereas in the submandibular gland, 45% are malignant (2). (fdocuments.net)
- About 70 percent of salivary gland tumors occur here. (newhopemedicalcenter.com)
- About 15 percent of salivary gland tumors develop here, and nearly all of them are malignant (cancerous). (newhopemedicalcenter.com)
- Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate the DNA ploidy and S-Phase Fraction (SPF) of some Salivary Gland Tumors (SGTs) in Egyptian patients and to investigate the correlation between these two biological parameters and the presumptive behavior of these neoplasms. (researchgate.net)
- The use of radiation in T1 and T2 parotid gland tumors found that 5-year disease-free survival increased from 70% to 92% with postoperative radiation. (medscape.com)
- Carefully planned and executed surgical excision is the primary treatment for all primary salivary gland tumors. (medscape.com)
- Surgery is the primary treatment of malignant tumors of the salivary glands. (medscape.com)
Parotid and submandibular glands5
- To define the effects of Isoproterenol, a sympathomimetic drug and β-receptor agonist that used for treatment of cardiac and respiratory diseases, on dog parotid and submandibular glands. (vin.com)
- The parotid and submandibular glands were quickly excised. (vin.com)
- Chronic isoproterenol treatment for twenty days induced significant enlargement of the parotid and submandibular glands. (vin.com)
- Histomorphological changes of parotid and submandibular glands is dependent on different regulatory pathway of these glands, which produces different patterns of secretion granules. (vin.com)
- however, salivary flow rates and salivary gland scintigraphy parameters, as measured in the parotid and submandibular glands, were not significantly different from their prestimulation values. (medscape.com)
Normal submandibular glands1
- All normal submandibular glands showed higher signal intensity than surrounding muscle but lower intensity than fat on T1-weighted and T2- weighted images. (fdocuments.net)
Described in the parotid1
- Idiopathic dilatations, also called megaducts, with no associated increase in pressure, have only been described in the parotid gland. (c3m-nice.fr)
Acinar cells2
- The secretory acinar cells of the submandibular gland have distinct functions. (wikipedia.org)
- It was shown that in vivo activation of cannabinoid receptor GPR55 in the acinar cells of submandibular salivary gland by lysophosphatidylinositol caused a dose-dependent reduction in basal flow of saliva. (edu.ua)
Histological3
- Besides a prominent mononuclear cell infiltration of the islets of Langerhans, nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice also show massive cellular infiltrates of the submandibular and lacrimal glands concomitant with histological signs of tissue damage. (jci.org)
- Histological observations of the glands in treated group revealed greater degree of acinar cell enlargement (hypertrophy) while secretory granules in submandibular gland were larger than parotid gland. (vin.com)
- Iodine-125 seeds have been found to be an effective treatment for incompletely resected or unfavorable histological salivary gland malignancies of the hard and soft palate. (medscape.com)
Sialolithiasis6
- Submandibular salivary gland surgery is indicated to treat tumours, cysts, persistent blockages (sialolithiasis), drooling and chronic infections (sialadenitis) of the submandibular glands that are unresponsive to conservative treatments. (michaelbickford.com.au)
- Conclusion: The sialolithiasis treatment methods are very different and should be taken into account the affected gland, size and location of sialolith, always opting for the more conservative methods. (bvsalud.org)
- Tassoker M, Ozcan S. Two cases of Submandibular Sialolithiasis detected by Cone Beam Computed Tomography. (assaf.org.za)
- Multiple cases of submandibular sialolithiasis detected by cone beam computed tomography. (assaf.org.za)
- Patients with sialolithiasis should be initially treated with hydration, warm compresses, and gland massage. (medscape.com)
- Discussion: In the absence of an obvious or probable etiology, a family history of sialolithiasis suggests a genetic or familial origin for bilateral submandibular gland lithiasis. (bvsalud.org)
Sialadenitis7
- MR images of 22 healthy subjects and 21 patients with histopathologically confirmed disorders of the submandibular gland (five pleomorphic adenomas, two hemangiomas, two malignant lymphomas, one adenoid cystic carcinoma, one squamous cell carcinoma, and 10 cases of sialadenitis) were reviewed. (fdocuments.net)
- In all cases of sialadenitis, the submandibular gland showed diffusely different signal intensities from the normal gland on both T1-weighted and T2-weighted images. (fdocuments.net)
- Eight cases of chronic sialadenitis showed lower T2-weighted signal intensities than the normal gland, and this can be explained histopathologically by marked fibrosis and cellular infiltration. (fdocuments.net)
- Management of submandibular sialadenitis and sialadenosis involves a wide range of approaches, from conservative medical management to more aggressive surgical intervention. (medscape.com)
- A prospective study by Choi et al indicated that following salivary stimulation therapy, patients with radioactive iodine (RAI)-induced sialadenitis may undergo a subjective reduction in symptoms but will not experience significant improvement in salivary gland function. (medscape.com)
- A study by Kim et al of 33 patients (58 salivary glands) with chronic obstructive sialadenitis indicated that intraductal irrigation can relieve symptoms of the condition. (medscape.com)
- Medical management of submandibular sialadenitis and sialadenosis centers on eliminating the causative factor. (medscape.com)
Tumor7
- Pedicled locoregional submandibular gland reconstruction flaps are increasingly used in oncologic head and neck surgery and have unique imaging characteristics that can mimic locally recurrent tumor. (ajnr.org)
- The interpreting radiologist must be familiar with the unique submandibular gland flap imaging characteristics to accurately differentiate normal postoperative appearance and recurrent tumor. (ajnr.org)
- Patients who develop a tumor of the salivary glands will notice a mass that slowly grows over time. (usf.edu)
- Determine the type of tumor in a salivary gland lump. (medlineplus.gov)
- Determine if the gland and tumor need to be removed. (medlineplus.gov)
- Tighter planning of tumor volumes translated to significantly less radiation to nearby salivary glands, including ipsilateral parotid glands (11.5 Gy with DART vs 16 Gy) and ipsilateral (42.2 Gy vs 56.3 Gy), and contralateral (28.2 Gy vs 36.5 Gy) submandibular glands. (medscape.com)
- Clinical examination showed a right and left submandibular tumor that gained volume during meals. (bvsalud.org)
Left submandibular2
- Objective: This study aimed to report a case of two sialoliths that have merged, forming a giant sialolith, located in the Wharton duct in the left submandibular gland. (bvsalud.org)
- Ultrasonic and sialographic investigation showed no salivary tissue in the expected left submandibular region, but a large salivary gland in the left floor of the mouth deep to the mylohyoid muscle . (bvsalud.org)
Largest salivary glands2
- Parotid glands are two of the largest salivary glands present just in front of the ears. (michaelbickford.com.au)
- These are the largest salivary glands in your mouth. (newhopemedicalcenter.com)
Right submandibular4
- Clinical examination did not show focal neurological deficits, but attention was drawn on an enlarged-painful-tender right submandibular gland, accompanied by a significant regional lymph node swelling. (clinmedjournals.org)
- An ultrasound and subsequent computed tomography (CT) imaging of the neck were concerning for a heterogenous collection in the region of the right submandibular gland and a relevant swelling of satellite nodes. (clinmedjournals.org)
- A 62-year-old diabetic male patient presented with right sided facial pain associated with a firm palpable mobile mass in the right submandibular area. (assaf.org.za)
- Following initial examination, cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) investigation demonstrated multiple smooth homogenous calcifications (Figure 1) collectively measuring 12mm x 9mm x 8mm within the region of the right submandibular gland (Figure 2). (assaf.org.za)
Minor salivary glands2
- An open surgical biopsy of the minor salivary glands in the lips or the parotid gland can also be performed to diagnose diseases such as Sjögren syndrome . (medlineplus.gov)
- As for cancers of the minor salivary glands, they often begin in the roof of the mouth. (newhopemedicalcenter.com)
Duct8
- The terminal part of the submandibular (Wharton's) duct is located in the mouth floor and opens as an orifice of the submandibular duct papilla. (wikipedia.org)
- consequently, submandibular duct papillae can occasionally be challenging to recognize. (wikipedia.org)
- Marsupialization suture was performed at the local where the incision was made, forming a new gland duct. (bvsalud.org)
- Idiopathic dilatation of the submandibular gland duct. (c3m-nice.fr)
- The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of submandibular duct dilatation unrelated to lithiasis, stenosis, or an imperforate duct, to report the existence of submandibular megaducts. (c3m-nice.fr)
- Patients with submandibular duct dilatation of ≥4 mm confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging sialography (sialo-MRI), who also underwent sialendoscopy to identify any associated stenosis, were included. (c3m-nice.fr)
- Five patients (three female, two male) aged 30-76 years with idiopathic duct dilatations in nine submandibular glands were included. (c3m-nice.fr)
- This isolated segment of gland (accessory parotid) has a duct that empties into the main duct. (basicmedicalkey.com)
Neoplasms4
- Salivary glands, neoplasms AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 17:1575-1581, September 1996 The submandibular gland is the second larg- est salivary gland, about half the size of the parotid gland (1). (fdocuments.net)
- There- fore, the differential diagnosis among benign and malignant neoplasms and inflammation is important for patients with problems in the sub- mandibular gland. (fdocuments.net)
- In general, salivary gland neoplasms respond poorly to chemotherapy, and adjuvant chemotherapy is currently indicated only for palliation. (medscape.com)
- Recent reports have shown that neutron-based radiation therapy may be more effective than photon-based radiation therapy for the treatment of malignant salivary gland neoplasms with gross disease and provides excellent local and regional control of microscopic disease. (medscape.com)
Salivary gland disorders3
- Salivary gland disorders are rather rare, and thus often poorly understood. (usf.edu)
- At USF Health, we have established a dedicated center devoted to the study and treatment of salivary gland disorders. (usf.edu)
- Miloro M, Kolokythas A. Diagnosis and management of salivary gland disorders. (medlineplus.gov)
Patients4
- Daily adaptive radiotherapy can improve salivary gland sparing and lead to fewer acute toxicities for patients with squamous cell head and neck cancer, according to results from a randomized trial presented at the American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) 2023 Annual Meeting. (medscape.com)
- 2. Patients with carcinoma of the head and neck in whom the submandibular glands are enclosed completely in the clinical target volume. (who.int)
- Patients with head and neck cancer receiving submandibular gland plus parotid sparing volumetric modulated arc therapy. (who.int)
- To assess the difference in the maximum salivary uptake (U max) between patients whose submandibular glands were spared compared to those in whom they were not spared at 6 months post-radiation.Timepoint: To assess the difference in the maximum salivary uptake (U max) between patients whose submandibular glands were spared compared to those in whom they were not spared at 6 months post-radiation. (who.int)
Regeneration2
- During this period, I formed my strong interest in oral cancer and salivary gland regeneration. (lu.se)
- I came to Nagoya University (Japan) for my further Ph.D. study and why I exchanged to Lund University for a one-year Joint-Degree-Program, while I am kindly mentored by Dr. Darcy Wagner in her Lung Bioengineering and Regeneration Lab at Lund University Stem Cell Center studying bioengineering application for salivary gland regeneration. (lu.se)
Sublingual glands2
- The parotid and sublingual glands account for the remaining. (wikipedia.org)
- Sublingual glands. (newhopemedicalcenter.com)
Floor of the mouth1
- range, 22 to 54 years) who were examined by precontrast and postcontrast MR imaging for various prob- lems of the face and neck not related to the submandibular gland or to the floor of the mouth. (fdocuments.net)
Lacrimal3
- Inhibition of submandibular and lacrimal gland infiltration in nonobese diabetic mice by transgenic expression of soluble TNF-receptor p55. (jci.org)
- Direct evidence for an instrumental role of TNF-alpha in initiation and progression of submandibular and lacrimal gland infiltration is provided by the observed significant reduction in the extent of infiltration in nonobese diabetic mice transgenic for a soluble TNF receptor p55 fused to the Fc part of human IgG3. (jci.org)
- This protection from infiltration is paralleled by decreased expression of the adhesion molecules ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in submandibular and lacrimal glands. (jci.org)
Excision1
- Gland excision is rarely indicated. (medscape.com)
Benign1
- This study on 279 tumours of the salivary glands was conducted to analyse whether the assessment of DNA ploidy by flow cytometry may assist histopathology in discriminating benign from malignant types of tumours. (researchgate.net)
Tissue5
- These data suggest a central role of TNF-alpha in the initiation and progression of autoimmune tissue destruction of salivary glands and indicate beneficial effects of soluble TNF receptors in the treatment of organ-specific autoimmune diseases. (jci.org)
- Acetyl-CoA, acyl-CoA and CoA concentrations of 33 nmol, 65 nmol and 106 nmol/g wet tissue respectively are found in fresh bovine submandibular glands. (nih.gov)
- The extension of glandular tissue may be separate from the main portion of the gland. (basicmedicalkey.com)
- Salivary gland biopsy is the removal of cells or a piece of tissue from a salivary gland for exam. (medlineplus.gov)
- The salivary gland tissue is normal. (medlineplus.gov)
Innervation1
- Parasympathetic innervation to the submandibular glands is provided by the superior salivatory nucleus via the chorda tympani, a branch of the facial nerve, that becomes part of the trigeminal nerve's lingual nerve prior to synapsing on the submandibular ganglion. (wikipedia.org)
Neck5
- Located just along the underside of the jaw, on either side of the neck, are the submandibular glands. (uciheadandneck.com)
- Once the patient's skin has been opened to reveal the inner structures of the neck, the submandibular gland is identified just under the jaw. (uciheadandneck.com)
- New Hope Unlimited treats head and neck cancers with a diverse team of conventional and alternative medicine specialists with training in salivary gland cancers. (newhopemedicalcenter.com)
- Evaluation of salivary gland function before and after salivary gland sparing radiotherapy in head-neck cancers. (who.int)
- response relationship of submandibular gland sparing radiotherapy in head-neck cancers. (who.int)
Surgical1
- Our services range from the diagnosis of inflammatory conditions to complex surgical removal of salivary gland cancers. (usf.edu)
Fine needle asp2
- Findings of salivary gland fine needle aspiration (FNA) cultures provided a yield of P. multocida colonies. (clinmedjournals.org)
- Orlowski HLP, Miller-Thomas M. Diagnostic imaging and fine-needle aspiration of the salivary glands. (medlineplus.gov)
Sympathectomized rats1
- This morphologic study compares the regenerative response in submandibular gland (SMG) autografts placed in the tongues of previously sympathectomized rats to autografts placed in tongues of sham‐sympathectomized rats. (elsevierpure.com)
Recurrent1
- Platinum-based agents, in combination with mitoxantrone or vinorelbine, are also effective in controlling recurrent salivary gland malignancy. (medscape.com)
Infection2
- Submandibular gland infection is an uncommon but life-threatening disease. (clinmedjournals.org)
- Additionally, we report the first case, to our knowledge, of a submandibular gland infection and sepsis in an elderly patient caused by this pathogen. (clinmedjournals.org)
Cancers2
- Radiographic-anatomy, natural history and extension pathways of parotid and submandibular gland cancers. (unil.ch)
- Most salivary gland cancers start in the major glands found on each side of the face. (newhopemedicalcenter.com)
Secretory units2
- described four different types of submandibular gland papillae: types A, B, C, and D. Lobes contain smaller lobules, which contain adenomeres, the secretory units of the gland. (wikipedia.org)
- In isoprenaline treated group, histomorphological changes of secretory units of parotid gland observed rarely. (vin.com)
Lymph2
- The lymphatics from submandibular gland first drain into submandibular lymph nodes and subsequently into jugulo - digastric lymph nodes. (wikipedia.org)
- The Lymphatic System The body has approximately 600 lymph nodes, but only those in the submandibular, axillary. (fdocuments.net)
Tissues1
- Contrary to previous hypotheses implicating the brain as the exclusive organ that secretes Aβ 42 , recent research suggests that Aβ 42 is secreted in all tissues of the body, and its secretion in saliva is a "reflection of its production by submandibular glands," the authors state. (medscape.com)
Bacterial infections1
- Salivary gland infections are somewhat common and viral infections, such as mumps, and bacterial infections may affect the submandibular glands. (clinmedjournals.org)
Biopsy2
- Minor salivary gland biopsy for inflammatory (e.g. (usf.edu)
- One type of salivary gland biopsy is a needle biopsy . (medlineplus.gov)
Abscess3
- To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of submandibular gland abscess caused by P. multocida in a patient without pet contact. (clinmedjournals.org)
- We discuss a unique case of P. multocida severe sepsis starting from a submandibular gland abscess, with no documented history of an animal bite or close contact with domestic animals. (clinmedjournals.org)
- Given her clinical presentation, laboratory results, and imaging findings, she was diagnosed with right acute suppurative submandibular abscess and adenitis. (clinmedjournals.org)
Scintigraphy1
- Evaluation of submandibular salivary gland function using quantitative pertechnetate scintigraphy and estimation of doseâ? (who.int)
Regulates1
- The sympathetic nervous system regulates submandibular secretions through vasoconstriction of the arteries that supply it. (wikipedia.org)
Triangle3
- The submandibular gland occurs within the submandibular triangle. (wikipedia.org)
- One should note that this muscle passes superficial to and protects almost all of the structures passing between the submandibular triangle superiorly and the carotid triangle inferiorly. (basicmedicalkey.com)
- Submandibular Gland MALT Lymphoma Associated With …The submandibular triangle is the housing to the sub-mandibular gland and a portion of the parotid gland. (fdocuments.net)
Surgery1
- Observation: A shopkeeper of 53 years old, consulted a doctor for bilateral submandibular swelling in March 2022 at the Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery at Treichville University Hospital. (bvsalud.org)
Pharynx1
- Frequently, extensions are found from the deep surface of the gland toward the pharynx or the medial pterygoid muscle. (basicmedicalkey.com)
20221
- Observation : Une patiente de 53 ans, commerçante a consulté en Mars 2022 au Service de Stomatologie et Chirurgie Maxillo-faciale du CHU de Treichville pour une tuméfaction submandibulaire bilatérale. (bvsalud.org)
Regenerative1
- Since steady progress is being made in regenerative therapy of organs, including the salivary gland, the need for further development of cryopreservation technologies for organs will almost certainly increase in the future. (iiarjournals.org)
Vivo1
- We therefore evaluated the ability of the peripheral clocks of the kidney, liver, and submandibular gland to be entrained by external stimuli including light, food, stress, and exercise in young versus aged mice using in vivo bioluminescence monitoring. (nature.com)
Chronic1
- After chronic of isoproterenol administration, the parotid gland had a little increase in cell size. (vin.com)
Stones3
- those are considered giant salivary gland stones. (bvsalud.org)
- These glands are responsible for producing saliva and are susceptible to a variety of maladies, ranging from more manageable infections to the presence of stones. (uciheadandneck.com)
- When antibiotics and other methods of treatment, including minimally invasive sialoendoscopy and laser treatment for breaking up salivary stones , is not able to fully resolve the issue, it may be necessary to recommend a course of treatment for any one of these diagnoses that result in the need for removal of the gland. (uciheadandneck.com)
Inflammation1
- Moreover, the subman- dibular gland is susceptible to stone formation, inflammation, and sialectasia because the di- rection of salivary flow is against gravity. (fdocuments.net)
Parenchyma1
- Neurovascular structures pass through the parenchyma of the gland and can conveniently be described in layers or planes. (basicmedicalkey.com)
Superficial1
- The superficial surface of the parotid gland is triangular in shape, with the apex pointing inferiorly ( Fig. 2 ). (basicmedicalkey.com)
Diagnosis1
- Recently, MR imaging has been used in the diagnosis of many patho- logic conditions of the parotid gland (3-7). (fdocuments.net)
Postoperative1
- Newer techniques for postoperative radiation in salivary gland malignancies have been proven effective. (medscape.com)
Ultrasound1
- The submandibular ultrasound showed bilateral submandibular lithiasis. (bvsalud.org)
Lithiasis3
- However, simultaneous lithiasis of both submandibular glands is less frequent. (bvsalud.org)
- The objective was to describe, from the observation of a case, the physio-pathological, diagnostic, and therapeutic characteristics of bilateral submandibular lithiasis. (bvsalud.org)
- The family history revealed bilateral submandibular lithiasis in an aunt. (bvsalud.org)
Conclusion1
- Conclusion : La lithiase submandibulaire bilatérale est un fait clinique rare mais qu'il faut savoir rechercher même en cas de lithiase submandibulaire isolée. (bvsalud.org)
Involvement1
- Isolated involvement of one gland is common. (bvsalud.org)
Tumours2
- Twelve of 50 malignant salivary gland tumours were aneuploid. (researchgate.net)
- The most obvious value of DNA flow cytometry in salivary gland tumours is thus its contribution to assist histopathology in identifying potentially malignant lesions. (researchgate.net)