PhosphodiesteraseCeramidePhosphatidylcholineLipidsCeramidesSphingomyelinaseNiemann-Pick DiFunction of sphingomyelinSynthaseLecithinAcyl chainEnzymeConcentrationsAbundantMetabolismPhosphocholineMembraneProteinSphingosineFatty acidsBovineMeSHSphingolipid foundSynthesisAbstractSyntheticPlasmaPathwaysLengthsProductsRoleSpecificBody
Phosphodiesterase3
- We found that trivalent chromium [Cr(III)] induced autophagy by activating sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 2 (SMPD2). (nih.gov)
- sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 2. (nih.gov)
- Sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase-1 (SMPD1) coding variants do not contribute to low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. (cdc.gov)
Ceramide10
- The synthesis of sphingomyelin involves the enzymatic transfer of a phosphocholine from phosphatidylcholine to a ceramide. (wikipedia.org)
- The ceramide is transported to the Golgi apparatus where it can be converted to sphingomyelin. (wikipedia.org)
- Sphingomyelin synthase is responsible for the production of sphingomyelin from ceramide. (wikipedia.org)
- Moreover, neutral sphingomyelinase-2 - an enzyme that breaks down sphingomyelin into ceramide - has been found to localise exclusively to the inner leaflet, further suggesting that there may be sphingomyelin present there. (wikipedia.org)
- Acid sphingomyelinase is responsible for the conversion of a fat (lipid) called sphingomyelin into another type of lipid called ceramide. (medlineplus.gov)
- Sphingomyelin synthase (SMS) is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of phosphocholine from phosphatidylcholine to ceramide for sphingomyelin synthesis. (elsevierpure.com)
- Sphingomyelinase is an acidic lysosomal hydrolase that catalyses the cleavage of sphingomyelin to phosphoryl choline and ceramide. (medscape.com)
- The protein encoded by this gene is a lysosomal acid sphingomyelinase that converts sphingomyelin to ceramide. (origene.com)
- Catalyzes the hydrolysis of sphingomyelin to form ceramide and phosphocholine. (thermofisher.com)
- These compounds included 2 sphingomyelins, 1 phosphatidylcholine, 1 sphinganine-phosphate, and 1 ceramide, a finding that further supports the role of ceramides in human pancreatic cancer, the researchers say. (medscape.com)
Phosphatidylcholine2
- Experiments using site-directed mutagenesis, surface plasmon resonance, lipid monolayer, and liposome permeabilization assays clearly showed that the discrimination between sphingomyelin and phosphatidylcholine occurs in the region directly below the phosphorylcholine headgroup. (ox.ac.uk)
- Plasma phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin concentrations are associated with depression and anxiety symptoms in a Dutch family-based lipidomics study. (ox.ac.uk)
Lipids2
- Most of the lipids are phospholipids including lecithin (L), sphingomyelin (S), disaturated lecithin, phosphatidyl inositol (PI), and phosphatidyl glycerol (PG). (clinlabnavigator.com)
- In patients with the group A variant, sphingomyelin and other lipids are stored in the brain in increased amounts, a finding consistent with the neuronopathic features, whereas in patients with the group B form, the nervous tissue does not appear to store sphingomyelin. (medscape.com)
Ceramides3
- Children with nonallergic asthma had lower dihydroceramides, ceramides, and sphingomyelins than did controls. (jci.org)
- Children with allergic asthma had higher dihydroceramides, ceramides, and sphingomyelins compared with children with nonallergic asthma. (jci.org)
- Nine metabolites, including ceramides, sphingomyelins or glycerophosphatidylcholines, were inversely associated with WHRadjfatmass in both sexes. (lu.se)
Sphingomyelinase1
- Mutations in SMPD1 lead to a shortage of acid sphingomyelinase, which results in reduced break down of sphingomyelin, causing this fat to accumulate in cells. (medlineplus.gov)
Niemann-Pick Di2
- The sphingomyelin that accumulates in the lysosomes of Niemann-Pick disease-affected cells is thought to arise from the degradation of the cells and their organelles because it is a major component of all mammalian cell membranes. (medscape.com)
- sphingomyelin in Niemann-Pick Disease. (webofstories.com)
Function of sphingomyelin1
- The function of sphingomyelin remained unclear until it was found to have a role in signal transduction. (wikipedia.org)
Synthase1
- Tani, M & Kuge, O 2009, ' Sphingomyelin synthase 2 is palmitoylated at the COOH-terminal tail, which is involved in its localization in plasma membranes ', Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications , vol. 381, no. 3, pp. 328-332. (elsevierpure.com)
Lecithin5
- In early pregnancy, the concentration of lecithin is very small, while that of sphingomyelin is much greater. (clinlabnavigator.com)
- At 30 to 32 weeks, lecithin concentration remains relatively low, less than or equal to sphingomyelin. (clinlabnavigator.com)
- Around 32 to 33 weeks gestation, lecithin and sphingomyelin concentrations are about equal. (clinlabnavigator.com)
- Objective: To determine and compare the diagnostic accuracy of the lecithin/sphingomyelin (L/S) ratio and lamellar body count (LBC) in the prediction of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). (elsevierpure.com)
- Plasma sphingomyelin levels are relatively increased at the expense of lecithin. (medscape.com)
Acyl chain2
- Sphingomyelin with set chain length, such as palmitoylsphingomyelin with a saturated 16 acyl chain, is available commercially. (wikipedia.org)
- The present work gives evidence for the formation of complexes with a common simple integral stoichiometry in binary mixtures of cholesterol and a series of five sphingomyelins where the amide-linked acyl chain length is varied. (elsevierpure.com)
Enzyme1
- This enzyme defect explains the massive deposition of sphingomyelin in tissues of the reticuloendothelial systems. (medscape.com)
Concentrations2
- Sphingomyelin content in mammals ranges from 2 to 15% in most tissues, with higher concentrations found in nerve tissues, red blood cells, and the ocular lenses. (wikipedia.org)
- Sphingomyelin concentrations level off at 32 weeks and begin to decrease. (clinlabnavigator.com)
Abundant3
- The plasma membrane of other cells is also abundant in sphingomyelin, though it is largely to be found in the exoplasmic leaflet of the cell membrane. (wikipedia.org)
- Sphingomyelin (SM) is the most abundant sphingolipid found in eukaryotes and is a major component of cell membranes. (avantilipids.com)
- Sphingomyelin (SM) is abundant in the outer leaflet of the cell plasma membrane, with the ability to concentrate in so-called lipid rafts. (ox.ac.uk)
Metabolism2
- The metabolism of sphingomyelin creates many products that play significant roles in the cell. (wikipedia.org)
- however, sphingomyelin metabolism and cholesterol metabolism are closely related. (medscape.com)
Phosphocholine1
- Sphingomyelin consists of a phosphocholine head group, a sphingosine, and a fatty acid. (wikipedia.org)
Membrane3
- The main transition phase temperature of sphingomyelins is also higher compared to the phase transition temperature of similar phospholipids, near 37 C. This can introduce lateral heterogeneity in the membrane, generating domains in the membrane bilayer. (wikipedia.org)
- There is, however, some evidence that there may also be a sphingomyelin pool in the inner leaflet of the membrane. (wikipedia.org)
- Analysis of the EqtII interfacial binding site predicts that electrostatic interactions do not play an important role in the membrane interaction and that the two most important residues for sphingomyelin recognition are Trp(112) and Tyr(113) exposed on a large loop. (ox.ac.uk)
Protein1
- Sphingomyelin Beads are composed of agarose with 10 nanomoles of bound sphingomyelin per 1mL of beads, enough for several protein binding experiments. (echelon-inc.com)
Sphingosine1
- The structure of sphingomyelin was first reported in 1927 as N-acyl-sphingosine-1-phosphorylcholine. (wikipedia.org)
Fatty acids2
- Sphingomyelin obtained from natural sources, such as eggs or bovine brain, contains fatty acids of various chain length. (wikipedia.org)
- Biosolve offers synthetic sphingomyelin derivatives with various fatty acids chain lengths and various base-chain lengths. (biosolve-chemicals.eu)
Bovine1
- Avanti offers natural sphingomyelin from sources such as chicken egg, porcine brain, and bovine milk, as well as many synthetic derivatives. (avantilipids.com)
MeSH1
- Sphingomyelins" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (uams.edu)
Sphingolipid found1
- Sphingomyelin (SPH, ˌsfɪŋɡoˈmaɪəlɪn) is a type of sphingolipid found in animal cell membranes, especially in the membranous myelin sheath that surrounds some nerve cell axons. (wikipedia.org)
Synthesis2
- This composition allows sphingomyelin to play significant roles in signaling pathways: the degradation and synthesis of sphingomyelin produce important second messengers for signal transduction. (wikipedia.org)
- The first committed step of sphingomyelin synthesis involves the condensation of L-serine and palmitoyl-CoA. (wikipedia.org)
Abstract1
- abstract = "Sphingomyelin (SM) is an integral component of mammalian cell membranes and nerves. (johnshopkins.edu)
Synthetic1
- C17 Sphingomyelin is a synthetic derivative of sphingomyelin (Item Nos. (bertin-bioreagent.com)
Plasma1
- The findings of this lipidomic study suggests that plasma sphingomyelins and ether phospholipids should be further studied for their potential as biomarkers and for a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of this systemic disease. (ox.ac.uk)
Pathways1
- Sphingomyelin breakdown is responsible for initiating many universal signaling pathways. (wikipedia.org)
Lengths1
- Ideally, sphingomyelin molecules are shaped like a cylinder, however many molecules of sphingomyelin have a significant chain mismatch (the lengths of the two hydrophobic chains are significantly different). (wikipedia.org)
Products1
- Cross selling for this product : C17 Sphingomyelin (d18:1/17:0) There are 2 products. (bertin-bioreagent.com)
Role2
- Due to sphingomyelin transition temperature being within physiological temperature ranges, cholesterol can play a significant role in the phase of sphingomyelin. (wikipedia.org)
- The membranous myelin sheath that surrounds and electrically insulates many nerve cell axons is particularly rich in sphingomyelin, suggesting its role as an insulator of nerve fibers. (wikipedia.org)
Specific1
- It is hydrolyzed by sphingomyelinases (sphingomyelin specific type-C phospholipases). (wikipedia.org)
Body1
- Conclusion Two sphingomyelins were inversely linked to body fat distribution in both men and women without being associated with fat mass, while very-large and large HDL particles were inversely associated with both fat distribution and fat mass. (lu.se)