• Serotyping of Streptococcus pneumoniae strains by coagglutination. (bmj.com)
  • The coagglutination test, which uses staphylococcal protein A, for serotyping strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae, was extended to include serotyping within serogroups. (bmj.com)
  • International links between streptococcus pneumoniae vaccine serotype " by Rebecca A. Gladstone, L Siira et al. (aku.edu)
  • Data are scarce on the prevailing Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes in the Philippines, including the relative antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of these bacteria. (who.int)
  • Role of serotype and virulence determinants of Streptococcus pyogenes biofilm bacteria in internalization and persistence in epithelial cells in vitro. (lu.se)
  • Dive into the research topics of 'Role of serotype and virulence determinants of Streptococcus pyogenes biofilm bacteria in internalization and persistence in epithelial cells in vitro. (lu.se)
  • The Salmonella genus of bacteria, for example, has been determined to have over 2600 serotypes. (wikipedia.org)
  • A Salmonella serotype is determined by the unique combination of reactions of cell surface antigens. (wikipedia.org)
  • On February 24, 2009, the Nebraska Department of Health and Human Services identified six isolates of Salmonella serotype Saintpaul with collection dates from February 7--14. (cdc.gov)
  • Outbreaks of Salmonella Serotype Enteritidis Infection Associated. (cdc.gov)
  • Recommendations for Preventing Salmonella Serotype Enteriditis. (cdc.gov)
  • Salmonella serotype Enteritidis (SE) accounts for an increasing proportion of all Salmonella serotypes reported to CDC's National Salmonella Surveillance System. (cdc.gov)
  • Mammina C , Cannova L , CarfiPavia S , Nastasi A . Endemic presence of Salmonella enterica serotype Cerro in southern Italy. (eurosurveillance.org)
  • Molecular typing of salmonella strains isolated between 1997 and 1999 in southern Italy and carried out by the Southern Italy Centre for Enteric Pathogens, has shown a high frequency of Salmonella enterica serotype Cerro. (eurosurveillance.org)
  • First isolated from an ill person in 1985, multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium DT104 emerged in the mid-1990s as a strain of Salmonella frequently isolated from humans in the United States. (cdc.gov)
  • SIFIN diagnostics Gmbh offers a comprehensive line of specific test reagents for serotyping Salmonella (according to secondo White-Kauffmann-Le-Minor scheme), E. coli, Yersinia and Shigella in clinical and veterinary diagnostics. (generon-food-safety.com)
  • Atypical BTV strains are phylogenetically distinct from the classical BTV serotypes 1-24 and differ in terms of several biological features. (mdpi.com)
  • Within L. monocytogenes , sequences homologous to gtcA were found in all serogroup 4 isolates but not in strains of any other serotypes. (asm.org)
  • Although several serotypes of L. monocytogenes are present in the environment and in foods, the majority of infections are caused by strains of serogroup 1/2 (mostly serotypes 1/2a and 1/2b) and 4 (almost always serotype 4b) ( 6 , 35 ). (asm.org)
  • Serotype 4b strains are unique in bearing both galactose and glucose substituents on the Glc-NAc of TA (Fig. 1 ). (asm.org)
  • Through serotyping and genotyping the majority of HIV strains were characterised as HIV-1 group M subtype C. One sample (1154) was characterised as a possible C / D recombinant strain. (sun.ac.za)
  • The objective of this study was to develop multi-epitope recombinant peptides, procuring immunogenicity against circulating diverse subtypes of FMDV serotype O and A. Two chimeric peptides, named B1 (41.0 kDa) and B3 (39.3 kDa), have been designed to incorporate potential B-cell and T-cell epitopes selected from multiple FMDV strains, including previously reported and newly emerged sub-lineages. (preprints.org)
  • After expression, characterization and immunization of guineapigs with considerable antigen load of B1 and B3 followed by the serological assays revealed the significant protective immunogenicity, developed from the higher (100 µg) doses of both antigens, against most of the currently prevalent serotype O and A strains of FMDV. (preprints.org)
  • the most common is H. influenzae , which has 6 distinct encapsulated serotypes (a through f) and numerous nonencapsulated, nontypeable strains. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Strains involved in invasive illness should be serotyped. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Thus, a safe vaccine should stimulate protection against all dengue serotypes simultaneously. (rcsb.org)
  • To facilitate the development of a vaccine, good knowledge of different DENV serotype structures is crucial. (rcsb.org)
  • However, serotype replacement, i.e. replacement of vaccine serotypes by non-vaccine serotypes, has decreased the serotype coverage of PCVs over time [ 6 , 7 ]. (ersjournals.com)
  • For Germany, we have described earlier the distribution of vaccine serotypes covered by the first but no longer available 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) and the 13-valent conjugate vaccine (PCV13) between 2002 and 2016 in adult patients with CAP enrolled into the prospective multicentre study CAPNETZ [ 8 , 9 ]. (ersjournals.com)
  • The efficient expression, antigenic stability, and multivalent immunogenic potency of the chimeric peptides strongly indicate their credibility as novel vaccine candidates for FMDV serotypes O and A circulating in Bangladesh and surrounding territories. (preprints.org)
  • Pneumococcal disease outbreaks of vaccine preventable serotype 4 sequence type (ST)801 in shipyards have been reported in several countries. (aku.edu)
  • Interference among the three attenuated poliovirus serotypes was minimized with a 'balanced- formulation' vaccine, and serologic responses after IPV were optimized by adjusting the antigenic content of each inactivated poliovirus serotype. (who.int)
  • There are four DENV serotypes (DENV1 to -4). (rcsb.org)
  • To overcome this, we evaluated the usefulness of dry blots of serum for DENV diagnosis, serotyping and genotyping. (lww.com)
  • The DENV complex is primarily comprised of four different serotypes DENV1, DENV2, DENV3 and DENV4 which are antigenically distinct. (lww.com)
  • We evaluated various carbohydrate-binding agents (CBAs) against all four described serotypes of DENV replication in Raji/DC-SIGN(+) cells and in monocyte-derived DC (MDDC). (unboundmedicine.com)
  • A dose-dependent anti-DENV activity of the CBAs Hippeastrum hybrid (HHA), Galanthus nivalis (GNA) and Urtica dioica (UDA), but not actinohivin (AH) was observed against all four DENV serotypes as analyzed by flow cytometry making use of anti-DENV antibodies. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • The CBAs exerted broad spectrum antiviral activity against the four DENV serotypes, laboratory-adapted viruses and low passage clinical isolates, evaluated in Raji/DC-SIGN(+) cells and in primary MDDC. (unboundmedicine.com)
  • and ginger ( Zingiber officinale Roscoe), respectively, against all four serotypes of DENV infecting human lung epithelial carcinoma (A549) cell line in vitro. (ugm.ac.id)
  • Different levels of antiviral properties were observed between DENV serotypes. (ugm.ac.id)
  • Our findings suggest that the antiviral assay of compounds against DENV should be performed to all four serotypes and not limited to a particular serotype. (ugm.ac.id)
  • Vibrio cholerae, the species of bacteria that causes cholera, has over 200 serotypes, based on cell antigens. (wikipedia.org)
  • Although the predominant Vibrio cholerae serotype in Pakistan is Ogawa and serotype Inaba is rare, there has been a significant increase in the isolation of Inaba in our referral laboratory in Karachi. (bvsalud.org)
  • This paper examines such factors, giving particular attention to a newly recognized serotype of Vibrio cholerae, which has caused epidemics in India and Bangladesh. (who.int)
  • Le présent article examine ces facteurs, en s'attachant plus particulièrement au sérotype nouvellement identifié de Vibrio cholerae qui a provoqué des épidémies en Inde et au Bangladesh. (who.int)
  • Adenovirus serotype 14 (Ad14) is a rarely reported but emerging serotype of adenovirus that can cause severe and sometimes fatal respiratory illness in patients of all ages, including healthy young adults. (cdc.gov)
  • A serotype or serovar is a distinct variation within a species of bacteria or virus or among immune cells of different individuals. (wikipedia.org)
  • Among seven distinct serotypes, only serotype O and A are dominantly circulating in Bangladesh and neighbouring countries of Asia, where transboundary transmission, recurrent outbreaks and emergence of novel lineages FMDV are highly prevalent. (preprints.org)
  • Serotype or serovar refers to distinct variations within a species of bacteria or viruses or among immune cells of different individuals. (freshwaterlife.org)
  • The deduced amino acid sequences of the outer capsid protein, VP7, of serotype G1 rotavirus clinical isolates collected over a 6 year period (1990-1995) in Melbourne, Australia, were examined. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Antigenic characterization using a panel of serotype G1-specific neutralizing monoclonal antibodies classified lineage II isolates (1990-1993) as monotype G1a while lineage I isolates were classified as monotype G1b (1993-1995). (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Our results indicated that temporal genetic variation of the VP7 of serotype G1 rotaviruses was associated with changes in the antigenicity of these isolates. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • With the inclusion of PCV13 in the National Immunization Program, continued monitoring of the prevailing serotypes of S. pneumoniae isolates in the Philippines is needed to guide disease and AMR control measures. (who.int)
  • However, in a secondary infection with another serotype, the preexisting antibodies may cause antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of infection of macrophage cells, leading to the development of the more severe form of disease, dengue hemorrhagic fever. (rcsb.org)
  • Serotype-specific antibodies against the capsular polysaccharide are produced during infection.At present, many countries follow the WHO pneumococcal ELISA IgG measurement protocol, in which polysaccharides from ATCC are used as antigens. (ruc.dk)
  • Derivation of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies to human rotaviruses and evidence that an immunodominant neutralization site is shared between serotypes 1 and 3. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Simple and specific enzyme immunoassay using monoclonal antibodies for serotyping of human rotaviruses. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • In this project, purified serotype specific pneumococcal antigens from SSI Diagnostica and from ATCC were compared. (ruc.dk)
  • Infection with BTV serotypes 1, 2 and 23 led to 65-70% mortality at 7-9 days post infection (dpi) and caused severe necrotizing encephalitis with neurodegenerative changes in neurons, swelling and proliferation of vascular endothelial cells in the cerebral cortex, cerebellum, midbrain and brainstem. (nottingham.ac.uk)
  • In contrast, infection with BTV serotypes 10 and 16 led to 25-30% mortality at 9-11 dpi and caused mild neuropathological lesions. (nottingham.ac.uk)
  • For H influenzae infection, PCR is more accurate than conventional methods of serotyping (slide agglutination method). (medscape.com)
  • Inactivated and trivalent oral poliovirus vaccines contain either formalin- inactivated or live, attenuated poliovirus, respectively, of the three serotypes. (who.int)
  • We have identified a novel gene, gtcA , involved in the decoration of cell wall teichoic acid of Listeria monocytogenes serotype 4b with galactose and glucose. (asm.org)
  • In contrast to gtcA , the latter gene appears conserved among all screened serotypes of L. monocytogenes . (asm.org)
  • Diagrammatic representation of TA composition in different L. monocytogenes serotypes. (asm.org)
  • Listeria monocytogenes serotypes 1/2a and 4b are responsible for the majority of cases of human listeriosis worldwide. (psu.edu)
  • In this study, a multiplex PCR assay was developed to allow rapid identification and easily interpretable differentiation of serotypes 1/2a and 4b from other serotypes of L. monocytogenes by simultaneously targeting two virulence genes (inlB and inlC) and two serotype-specific genes (ORF2372 and lmo0171). (psu.edu)
  • Zhang, W & Knabel, SJ 2005, ' Multiplex PCR assay simplifies serotyping and sequence typing of Listeria monocytogenes associated with human outbreaks ', Journal of food protection , vol. 68, no. 9, pp. 1907-1910. (psu.edu)
  • Insertional inactivation of gtcA brought about loss of reactivity with the serotype 4b-specific monoclonal antibody c74.22 and was accompanied by a complete lack of galactose and a marked reduction in the amounts of glucose on teichoic acid. (asm.org)
  • In recent years, serotype specific polysaccharides from different producers have been tested in pneumococcal antibody assay's. (ruc.dk)
  • Serotyping was performed through a competitive enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (cPEIA). (sun.ac.za)
  • The purpose of this study was to screen an array of antiviral compounds for anti-FIPV (serotype II) activity, determine cytotoxicity safety profiles of identified compounds with anti-FIPV activity, and strategically combine identified monotherapies to assess compound synergy against FIPV in vitro. (vin.com)
  • Vi ønsker å studere forekomst over tid, samt alvorlighetsgrad og mikrobiologiske karakteristika av invasive infeksjoner med serotype 24F i Norge. (fhi.no)
  • This study demonstrates that MR imaging can be used as a non-invasive indication of AAV delivery to the brain, and that the properties of AAV serotypes influence the efficacy of gene delivery to the brain with FUS. (au.dk)
  • This serotype III isolate is a member of the hypervirulent sequence type 17 (ST-17) lineage that causes a disproportionate number of cases of invasive disease in humans and mammals. (uea.ac.uk)
  • We achieved a rapid and accurate evaluation of neutralizing titers for each individual subject that can be used for clinical enrollment based on specific AAV serotypes and individualized selection of the most suitable AAV serotype for each specific patient. (umn.edu)
  • In humans, that serotype is largely determined by human leukocyte antigen (HLA), the human version of the major histocompatibility complex. (wikipedia.org)
  • The SureFast® Escherichia coli Serotype I 4plex is a real-time PCR kit for the direct, qualitative detection and differentiation of specfifc wzx gene DNA sequences of Escherichia coli O121, O26 and O103. (biotica.gr)
  • This study is designed to fill that gap by describing the serotype distribution and AMR of S. pneumoniae in the Philippines from 2012 to 2018. (who.int)
  • As the PUAT does not allow serotype discrimination, data on serotype distribution in adult non-bacteraemic pneumococcal CAP patients are sparse [ 4 ]. (ersjournals.com)
  • Today's study was made to expand a data-driven minimal model produced by Simpson [15] that referred to the kinetics of botulinum neurotoxin Rabbit Polyclonal to DIL-2 serotype A (BoNT/A) in the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) in creating paralysis in vitro. (exposed-skin-care.net)
  • Investigation of monotherapy and combined anticoronaviral therapies against feline coronavirus serotype II in vitro. (vin.com)
  • The diagnosis and serotyping results of serum sample and dry serum blots were in concordance. (lww.com)
  • The results demonstrate that serum mixed with RNA protective solution and blotted on Whatman filter paper no 3 can be effectively used for diagnosis, serotyping and genotyping of DENVs. (lww.com)
  • Diagnosis is by culture and serotyping. (msdmanuals.com)
  • For E. coli serotyping SIFIN offers - Polyspecific test reagents Anti-Coli, Monospecific test reagents Anti-Coli, test reagents dedicated to E. coli relevant to veterinary medicine. (generon-food-safety.com)
  • citation needed] Serotypes were discovered by the American microbiologist Rebecca Lancefield in 1933. (wikipedia.org)
  • Neonatal mice were injected with 2.5 × 1011 genome copies (GC) of AAV serotype 1, 6, 7, 8, or 9 expressing LacZ under the control of the constitutive chicken β-actin promoter with cytomegalovirus enhancer promoter via intrapericardial injection and monitored for up to 1 year. (upenn.edu)
  • The onset situations and durations of paralysis rely over the serotype included, the exposure path as well as the intoxicating dosage. (exposed-skin-care.net)
  • The dangerous fragment is normally Apixaban a zinc-dependent protease that cleaves at distinctive sites and in a serotype-specific manner a number of from the SNARE protein (SNAP-25, syntaxin and VAMP) mixed up in synaptic vesicle-mediated discharge of acetylcholine. (exposed-skin-care.net)
  • This homologous category of protein are grouped into seven immunologically distinctive serotypes (BoNT/A-G) [3,14]. (exposed-skin-care.net)
  • In serotype 4b, gtcA appears to be the first member of a bicistronic operon which includes a gene with homology to Bacillus subtilis rpmE , encoding ribosomal protein L31. (asm.org)
  • Pneumococcus capsular polysaccharide has been characterised and more than 90 different serotypes have been identified. (ruc.dk)
  • Additional serotyping methods and alternative subtyping methodologies have been reviewed by Wattiau et al. (wikipedia.org)
  • In December 2018, the Ministry of Health reported its first-ever cases of the Dengue Serotype 3 virus which the small country had never seen. (borgenproject.org)
  • This investigation was undertaken to compare cardiac tropisms of adeno-associated virus (AAV) serotypes 1, 6, 7, 8, and 9. (upenn.edu)
  • The aim of the present study was to compare the neuropathogenicity of major Indian BTV serotypes 1, 2, 10, 16 and 23 by gross and histopathological lesions and virus distribution in experimentally infected neonatal BALB/c mice. (nottingham.ac.uk)
  • Each BTV serotype (20 μl of inoculum containing 1 × 105 tissue culture infectious dose [TCID]50/ml of virus) was inoculated intracerebrally into 3-day-old mice, while a control group was inoculated with mock-infected cell culture medium. (nottingham.ac.uk)
  • In some situations, this effect can be reduced by serotyping both recipient and potential donors to determine the closest HLA match. (wikipedia.org)
  • Frequency, viral loads, and serotype identification of enterovirus infections in Scottish blood donors. (ox.ac.uk)
  • clarification needed] Serotyping often plays an essential role in determining species and subspecies. (wikipedia.org)
  • This study of the relative neurovirulence of BTV serotypes is likely to help design suitable vaccination and control strategies for the disease. (nottingham.ac.uk)
  • STEC are genetically heterogeneous and although more than 200 STEC serotypes have been described, only a limited number of serotypes has been isolated from human cases. (marlerblog.com)
  • Serotyping was performed with "factor sera" prepared in the laboratory. (bmj.com)
  • AAVs that have minimal peripheral biodistribution are ideal candidates for enhanced, and perhaps exclusive with future serotypes, delivery to the brain with FUS. (au.dk)
  • therefore, if cells from one human (or animal) are introduced into another random human, those cells are often determined to be non-self because they do not match the self-serotype. (wikipedia.org)