Sensory receptor cells. Medical search. Frequent questions

In the early to mid-twentieth century, a number of laboratories began to observe cold-induced electrical impulses when recording from mammalian sensory nerves. (nih.gov)
Nerves in these cells carry a sound message to the brain. (gameandfishmag.com)
Perhaps the most promising future developments in pharmacotherapy are drugs which tackle neuronal hypersensitivity by blocking excitability of afferent nerves by inhibiting targets such as the ATP receptor (P2X3). (ersjournals.com)
The Nerves A nerve is a bundle of nerve fibers from many nerve cells. (merckmanuals.com)
The human body has three main opioid receptors, located in sensory nerves, mast cells and in cells of the GI tract. (ems1.com)
The investigators concluded that sensory nerves can activate mast cells through the release of neuropeptides. (rosacea.org)
However, they were unable to confirm the direct release of neuropeptides as a result of cathelicidins triggering sensory nerves. (rosacea.org)
As a result, Dr. Di Nardo's team now hypothesizes that external stimuli activate sensory nerves, causing the release of neuropeptides. (rosacea.org)
Since the follicle contains many sensory nerve endings, we now want to determine if the hair follicle is activating specific types of sensory nerves for an unknown but unique mechanism. (scitechdaily.com)
and sensory nerves known as C-LTMRs, that are only found in hairy skin, process emotional, or 'feel-good' touch. (scitechdaily.com)
They established co-cultures of human hair follicle cells and sensory nerves, then mechanically stimulated the hair follicle cells, finding that this led to activation of the adjacent sensory nerves. (scitechdaily.com)
They then decided to investigate how the hair follicle cells signaled to the sensory nerves. (scitechdaily.com)
Similarly, when they blocked synaptic vesicle production by hair follicle cells, they were no longer able to signal to the sensory nerves. (scitechdaily.com)
The researchers also want to determine if the hair follicle is activating specific types of sensory nerves. (scitechdaily.com)
The lateral touch receptor neurons ( ALM in the anterior body, PLM in the posterior body) run on the peripheral side of the hypodermis, whereas VNC, DC, and canal-associated nerves run on the inside between the hypodermis and pseudocoelom. (wormatlas.org)
C. Sensory nerves in the head. (wormatlas.org)

These peripheral cold receptors, both Aδ- and C-fibers, have thermal thresholds (i.e., the temperature at which nerve impulses are generated) for cold activation between 30-20°C, temperatures considered to be innocuously cool [ 4 , 6 ]. (nih.gov)
Primary sensory neurons of the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) regenerate their spinal cord axon if the peripheral nerve axon has previously been cut. (nih.gov)
However, the signal that is sensed by the cell upon peripheral lesion to initiate the regenerative response remains elusive. (nih.gov)
We first verified that firing in sensory fibers, as recorded from dorsal roots in vivo, declined after peripheral lesioning but was not altered after central lesioning. (nih.gov)
Notes: Commented by Wall CM and Zhao H (2015) Sensory Biology: Novel Peripheral Organization for Better Smell. (upenn.edu)
and Stephen Kuffler who participated in both these efforts and made fundamental contributions understanding how peripheral sensory receptors initiate action potentials by responding to energy from different sources in the environment. (scholarpedia.org)
Specific modalities can be associated with unique peripheral receptors, peripheral axons of stereotyped diameter and specific central projection pathways. (cdc.gov)
Minimally, a recep- tor includes a peripheral axon terminal of one pri- mary afferent neuron, whose cell body is sited proximally in the dorsal root ganglion. (cdc.gov)

Large diameter DRG cells mostly possess myelinated axons and respond principally to low threshold stimuli. (jneurosci.org)
Unique among human sensory receptors, the ear's hair cells are not passive, but use an active process that results in a thousandfold amplification of auditory stimuli. (eurekalert.org)
Different types of touch receptors in the skin detect different stimuli from your environment. (massagefitnessmag.com)
Nociceptors are a mixed bunch of sensory neurons that detect and respond to internal and external stimuli, such as temperature and touch. (massagefitnessmag.com)
The detection of harmful stimuli such as noxious chemicals and changes in temperature and pressure are fundamental biological processes carried out by numerous cell types through diverse specialized receptors. (elifesciences.org)
A few neurologists and brain scientists are proposing that the secret underlying all conscious activity must lie with the way cells respond to stimuli they receive from their environment. (scientificamerican.com)
They contend that when animal cells open and close themselves to the outside world, these actions can be construed as more than just responses to external stimuli. (scientificamerican.com)
From a biological perspective, we suggest that the lowest-level candidate mechanism is membrane "excitability:" the unusual capability of certain types of living cells to sense and respond to stimuli within several milliseconds. (scientificamerican.com)
We are interested in how the brain perceives and responds to sensory stimuli in health and disease. (upenn.edu)
Electrophysiological in vivo recordings from the cortical implants show that physiological sensory stimuli, i.e. cutaneous stimulation of nose and paw, can activate or inhibit spontaneous activity in grafted neurons, indicating that at least some of the afferent inputs are functional. (lu.se)

It is a specialized pseudostratified neuroepithelium containing the primary olfactory receptors. (medscape.com)
To stimulate the olfactory receptors, airborne molecules must pass through the nasal cavity with relatively turbulent air currents and contact the receptors. (medscape.com)

Like most mechanoreceptors that adapt to pressure changes, thermoreceptors can adapt to temperature changes, but there's a range that these skin receptors can adapt to. (massagefitnessmag.com)
Three major categories of somatosensory receptors can be identified: mechanoreceptors, thermoreceptors and *Institute of Neurotoxicology, Departments of Neuroscience, Neurology and Pathology (Neuropathology), Rose F. Kennedy Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461. (cdc.gov)

The neural elements of somatosensory receptors in the hands and feet represent the distal extreme of long afferent fibers, and thus, are par- ticularly vulnerable in the distal axonopathies. (cdc.gov)

When a nerve in the hand or arm is damaged, it is not able to convey signals from the sensory receptors to the brain or to send signals from the brain to the muscles. (lu.se)

No photoreceptors are found at the blind spot, the area where ganglion cell fibers are collected into the optic nerve and leave the eye. (wikipedia.org)
Some nerve fibers that go to your skin or your organs have sensory receptors. (merckmanuals.com)
For example, the receptors at the end of nerve fibers in your skin detect things that are sharp or hot. (merckmanuals.com)
A nerve cell (neuron) consists of a large cell body and nerve fibers-one elongated extension (axon) for sending impulses and usually many branches (dendrites) for receiving impulses. (merckmanuals.com)
It contains motor and sensory fibers and, because it passes through the neck and thorax to the abdomen, has the widest distribution in the body. (medscape.com)

This context-dependent reversal of odorant preference is driven by cell-autonomous inversion of the response to these alcohols in the single AWC olfactory neuron pair. (plos.org)
Our results indicate that context-dependent recruitment of alternative intracellular signaling pathways within a single sensory neuron type conveys opposite hedonic valences, thereby providing a robust mechanism for odorant encoding and discrimination at the periphery. (plos.org)
Although mechanisms operating at the level of single sensory neuron types or sensilla in the periphery have also been implicated in this process [ 14 - 21 ], the contributions of sensory neurons to mediating odorant discrimination and olfactory behavioral plasticity are not fully understood. (plos.org)
The valence of individual chemicals is largely determined by the responding sensory neuron type, such that distinct subsets of chemosensory neurons drive either attraction or avoidance to different chemicals [ 25 , 26 ]. (plos.org)
MC-neuron bidirectional communication uniquely positions these cells as potential initiators and/or perpetuators of pain. (frontiersin.org)
D. At a slightly more medial level, multiple labial neuron and support cell nuclei become visible anterior to the NR around the anterior bulb, whereas more lateral ganglion nuclei are visible posterior to the NR. Magnification, 600x. (wormatlas.org)

However, a third of sensory neurons do not express receptors for the neurotrophins. (jneurosci.org)
MCs express receptors for both estrogen and progesterone that induce degranulation upon binding. (frontiersin.org)

We discuss the current knowledge about sex differences in migraine and its comorbidities, and focus on the potential role of mast cells (MCs) in both. (frontiersin.org)
A new advance in the understanding of mast cells, located at the interface between the nervous and vascular systems, in the development of rosacea is at the center of a recent study funded by a National Rosacea Society research grant and conducted by a team led by Dr. Anna Di Nardo, professor of medicine at the University of California-San Diego. (rosacea.org)
In earlier research , Dr. Di Nardo and colleagues found that cathelicidins, an antimicrobial peptide involved in immune responses that is overproduced in people with rosacea, activate mast cells to induce inflammation in rosacea skin. (rosacea.org)
In their most recent study, Dr. Di Nardo's team more closely investigated how mast cells interact with nerve cells, attempting to further understand mast cells' role at the crossroads connecting the immune and nervous system reactions responsible for rosacea flare-ups. (rosacea.org)
Researchers first tested whether treating mast cells with cathelicidins increased their production of neuropeptides that in turn induce nerve cells to produce other neuropeptides that lead to inflammation. (rosacea.org)
Next, the research team treated mast cells with the neuropeptides produced by nerve cells as a result of cathelicidin exposure. (rosacea.org)
In this case they found that the mast cells' protein receptors showed increased activity, producing the pro-inflammatory response seen in rosacea flare-ups. (rosacea.org)
The neuropeptides then induce cathelicidin production in mast cells, activate sensory protein receptors and initiate the inflammatory response seen in rosacea flare-ups. (rosacea.org)

Hair cells on the ear called sensory receptors convert the vibration into signals that are interpreted by the brain. (dailynexus.com)
Nerve cells really send their signals using chemicals. (merckmanuals.com)
Vincis R , Lagier S, Van De Ville D, Rodriguez I , Carleton A . Sensory-Evoked Intrinsic Imaging Signals in the Olfactory Bulb Are Independent of Neurovascular Coupling. (neurotree.org)
Using these electrochemical signals (i.e., receptor potentials, action potentials and synaptic potentials), the brain and the rest of the nervous system carry out an enormous range of operations. (scholarpedia.org)
These cardiovascular effects may result from neurogenic signals from sensory irritant receptors in the lung. (cdc.gov)
The position and motion sensors of the muscles and joints, and the touch receptors of the extremities (proprioceptive system) send signals regarding bodily position, particularly in relation to the support surface. (cdc.gov)

However, in the mid- to late 1990s, a number of laboratories interested in cold transduction began to use primary cultures of either dorsal root (DRG) or trigeminal (TG) ganglia neurons as in vitro models of sensory afferents. (nih.gov)
In lumbar dorsal root ganglia, virtually all IB4-labeled cells express RET mRNA, and the majority of these cells (79%) also express GFRα-1, GFRα-2, or GFRα-1 plus GFRα-2. (jneurosci.org)
Cell bodies of most neurons are clustered in ganglia in the head or tail ( NeuroFIG 1 ). (wormatlas.org)
The second largest collection of cell bodies is in the tail ganglia (the left lumbar ganglion and preanal ganglion are shown). (wormatlas.org)
It leaves the skull through the middle compartment of the jugular foramen, where it has upper and lower ganglionic swellings, which are the sensory ganglia of the nerve. (medscape.com)

The sense of smell is mediated through stimulation of the olfactory receptor cells by volatile chemicals. (medscape.com)
In Nobel Prize winner Susumu Tonegawa's lab, they found that memories that could not be recalled in mice with Alzheimer's could be retrieved by exposing cells in the brain's memory forming centres to optogenetic stimulation. (theconversation.com)
In other words, what makes cells with excitable membranes so unusual is their response to electrostatic disturbances of homeostasis (slight acidification of the normally alkaline cellular interior) following external stimulation. (scientificamerican.com)
Stimulation of these receptors generally results in euphoria, decreased perception of pain and drowsiness. (ems1.com)
When they blocked the receptor for these neurotransmitters on the sensory neurons, the neurons no longer responded to the hair follicle cell stimulation. (scitechdaily.com)

There are currently three known types of photoreceptor cells in mammalian eyes: rods, cones, and intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells. (wikipedia.org)
A third class of mammalian photoreceptor cell was discovered during the 1990s: the intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells. (wikipedia.org)
G Protein-coupled odorant receptors underlie mechanosensitivity in mammalian olfactory sensory neurons. (upenn.edu)
Conserved residues control activation of mammalian G Protein-coupled odorant receptors. (upenn.edu)

Because the balance system is so complex, it can be impaired by a large number of disease processes affecting any of the multiple sensory inputs, neural processing centers, or motor outputs. (cdc.gov)

There are billions and billions of nerve cells in your brain, your spinal cord, and in clumps just outside your spinal cord. (merckmanuals.com)
The cell bodies shown above are surrounded by "receptive nets" (A, B) formed by their own dendrites and the axons of neurons originating in the thoracic spinal cord. (nih.gov)

We leveraged Caenorhabditis elegans ' touch receptor neurons as a simple model amenable to in vivo whole-cell patch-clamp recording and an integrated experimental-computational approach to dissect the mechanisms underlying the spatial and temporal dynamics we observed. (nih.gov)
von der Weid B, Rossier D, Lindup M, Tuberosa J, Widmer A, Col JD, Kan C, Carleton A , Rodriguez I . Large-scale transcriptional profiling of chemosensory neurons identifies receptor-ligand pairs in vivo. (neurotree.org)

Postnatal changes in the expression of the trkA high-affinity NGF receptor in primary sensory neurons. (ox.ac.uk)
In development approximately 70-80% of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) cells are dependent on nerve growth factor (NGF) for their survival, while in the adult only some 40% of DRG cells express the high-affinity NGF receptor, trkA. (ox.ac.uk)
On the day of birth, 71% of DRG cells were found to express trkA. (ox.ac.uk)
The expression of p75 did not parallel that of trkA, remaining relatively constant at between 45 and 50% of cells from birth to postnatal day 14. (ox.ac.uk)
Since in the adult the IB4 population consists of small cells which mostly do not express trkA, this finding suggests that the postnatal down-regulation of trkA occurs in this population. (ox.ac.uk)

They adapted a technique known as fast scan cyclic voltammetry to analyze cells in culture and found that the hair follicle cells were releasing the neurotransmitters serotonin and histamine in response to touch. (scitechdaily.com)

Systemic administration of monomethyl fumarate, another agonist of the nicotinic acid receptor GPR109A, fully recapitulated the somnogenic and thermoregulatory effects of nicotinic acid suggesting that they are mediated by the GPR109A receptor. (nature.com)

Closest to the visual field (and farthest from the brain) is the axon terminal, which releases a neurotransmitter called glutamate to bipolar cells. (wikipedia.org)
By taking parts from human neurotransmitter receptors and these bacterial light-sensitive domains, we can also create more complicated machines in the lab, such as Hylighter , which depresses activity in neurons on exposure to one colour until it is switched off by exposure to a second colour of light. (theconversation.com)

The mouth and gill rakers are packed with taste buds, and the sensory organs cover the outside of the catfish as well - the whiskers, fins, back, belly, sides and even the tail. (gameandfishmag.com)
Caused by damage to brain cells rather than deficits in speech or hearing organs. (brainline.org)

Rather, the dynamics of the exchange of materials across biological membranes differ remarkably among cell types. (scientificamerican.com)
This method can enhance our understanding of the biological characteristics of in vitro cultured hair cells and demonstrate the efficiency of cochlear hair cell cultures, establishing a solid methodological foundation for further auditory research. (bvsalud.org)

MCs can secrete nociceptor sensitizing and activating agents, such as serotonin, prostaglandins, histamine, and proteolytic enzymes that can also activate the pain-mediating transient receptor potential vanilloid channels. (frontiersin.org)
The molecular underpinnings common to and connecting these disorders are not known, but may include shared genetic risk factors ( 1 , 8 ), regulation of brain cations ( 9 , 10 ), or common receptor signaling events that activate pain ( 11 ), inflammation ( 12 ), or oxidative ( 13 ) pathways. (frontiersin.org)
They therefore concluded that in response to touch, hair follicle cells release that activate nearby sensory neurons. (scitechdaily.com)

Many hearing losses are caused by damage to the tiny sensory receptors, or hair cells, in the inner ear. (cmich.edu)
These cells are located in the organ of Corti, the sensory organ responsible for hearing, within the osseous labyrinth of the inner ear. (bvsalud.org)
Balance receptors in the inner ear (the vestibular system) provide information to the CNS about head and body movements. (cdc.gov)

To be more specific, photoreceptor proteins in the cell absorb photons, triggering a change in the cell's membrane potential. (wikipedia.org)
Activating the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in the vascular endothelial cells will promote the synthesis and release of NO which can penetrate the cell membrane and diffuse to the adjacent smooth muscle cells. (hindawi.com)
We discuss the impact of such interactions on TRPA1 gating mechanisms, regulation by the lipid environment, and role of this channel in sensory membrane microdomains, all of which helps to understand the puzzling pharmacology and pathophysiology of this channel. (elifesciences.org)
These mechanisms are essentially the opening and closing of certain pores that allow certain ions to pass freely across the cell membrane. (scientificamerican.com)

Here we studied the synaptic inputs from the host brain to grafted cortical neurons derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells after transplantation into stroke-injured rat cerebral cortex. (lu.se)

Responsiveness of G protein-coupled odorant receptors is partially attributed to the activation mechanism. (upenn.edu)

In the smooth muscle cells, NO binds to the Fe 2+ which is the hemoglobin component of the guanylate cyclase followed by elevating the cGMP levels, activating the protein kinase, phosphodiesteric acid, and ion channels, resulting in the vessel smooth muscle relaxation and vasodilatation, and increasing blood perfusion (BP) [ 12 - 15 ]. (hindawi.com)

This physical relation- ship may provide the substrate for transmitting fast pressure changes characteristic of these rap- idly adapting vibration receptors (1). (cdc.gov)

However, this recent study reveals that cells inside the hair follicles - the entities enveloping the hair strand - can also sense touch in cell cultures. (scitechdaily.com)

These are specialized neurons, or nerve cells, that relay sensory information from pain receptors in the body to the brain. (healthline.com)
However, when nerve cells were treated with cathelicidins directly, this did trigger a reaction and slightly increase the release of neuropeptides. (rosacea.org)

Importantly, the mechanisms underlying the "irritability" of protozoa are known to be the same as those involved in the hyper-sensitivity of all three main types of excitable cell in metazoan organisms (animals)-that is, sensory receptor cells, neurons, and muscle cells. (scientificamerican.com)
Transplanted neurons derived from stem cells have been proposed to improve function in animal models of human disease by various mechanisms such as neuronal replacement. (lu.se)

We found that electrical activity strongly inhibited axon outgrowth in cultured adult sensory neurons. (nih.gov)
the dendritic arbor, the cell body, and the axon. (nih.gov)
Receptors often include nonneural elements which incorporate and interact with the axon terminal in initiating generator potentials. (cdc.gov)
An exam- ple of a slowly adapting position detector is a Type I Iggo corpuscle, featured by a myelinated axon ter- minating at the base of a small dome-like elevation in the skin (Merkel cells). (cdc.gov)
Displacement of the dome by as little as 5 ,um can result in a supra-threshold generator potential within the Merkel cell-axon ter- minal complex. (cdc.gov)
Se- lective receptor inactivation is an early change fol- lowing exposure to certain neurotoxins, e.g., failure of the generator potential, followed by loss of the axon filopod processes in Pacinian corpuscles, are early physiological and morphological alterations following acrylamide intoxication (4, 5). (cdc.gov)

The cells responded to light touch by releasing histamine, but they didn't release serotonin. (scitechdaily.com)
Dr Higgins said: "This is interesting as histamine in the skin contributes to inflammatory skin conditions such as eczema, and it has always been presumed that immune cells release all the histamine. (scitechdaily.com)
Our work uncovers a new role for skin cells in the release of histamine, with potential applications for eczema research. (scitechdaily.com)

The function of the photoreceptor cell is to convert the light information of the photon into a form of information communicable to the nervous system and readily usable to the organism: This conversion is called signal transduction. (wikipedia.org)

Ackels T , von der Weid B, Rodriguez I , Spehr M . Physiological characterization of formyl peptide receptor expressing cells in the mouse vomeronasal organ. (neurotree.org)

Hence, in vitro cultivation of primary hair cells is indispensable for investigating the protective or regenerative effects of cochlear hair cells. (bvsalud.org)

The unanswered question is: What characteristics of living cells lead ultimately to the various, higher-level psychological phenomena that are apparently unique to certain animal organisms? (scientificamerican.com)
The researchers note that the research was performed in cell cultures, and will need to be replicated in living organisms to confirm the findings. (scitechdaily.com)

Yamada Y, Bhaukaurally K, Madarász TJ, Pouget A , Rodriguez I , Carleton A . Context- and Output Layer-Dependent Long-Term Ensemble Plasticity in a Sensory Circuit. (neurotree.org)

agnosia - failure to recognize familiar objects although the sensory mechanism is intact. (brainline.org)

see Muscle System - GLR Cells ), which are associated only with the somatic nervous system. (wormatlas.org)
The control of balance requires the integration of information from multiple sensory and motor systems by the central nervous system (CNS). (cdc.gov)

Conclusions The lateral arcading branches of the DNP provide a sensory pathway on the ventral and lateral penile shaft, and the termination of the fibres at the corpus spongiosum is consistent with pudendal innervation of the penile urethra. (cirp.org)

Each photoreceptor absorbs light according to its spectral sensitivity (absorptance), which is determined by the photoreceptor proteins expressed in that cell. (wikipedia.org)
Artemin is one of four members of the glial cell line-derived-neurotrophic factor (GDNF) family of proteins. (nyu.edu)
This is the growing field of optogenetics, where proteins that change their shapes in response to light pulses can be used to control the electrical activity of cells inside living animals. (theconversation.com)

It contains sensory receptors for touch, pressure and pain and also has respiratory, excretory and osmoregulatory functions. (coe.int)
Touch receptors in the skin and its neurobiology don ' t fully explain why different people can react differently to the same kind of touch, from pleasure to disgust. (massagefitnessmag.com)
Different areas of your skin contain different numbers of certain types of touch receptors. (massagefitnessmag.com)
These receptors, which wrap around hair roots, respond to light touch and movement on the skin, ideal for detecting something crawling or moving on your skin. (massagefitnessmag.com)
These receptors are also sensitive to light touch, but they're more sensitive to changes in shape and texture and are located closer to the skin surface than lamellar corpuscles. (massagefitnessmag.com)
Touch receptors work together to gather information about our environment. (massagefitnessmag.com)
Lead author of the paper Dr Claire Higgins, from Imperial's Department of Bioengineering, said: "This is a surprising finding as we don't yet know why hair follicle cells have this role in processing light touch. (scitechdaily.com)
Located in the central part of the brain, the thalamus receives sensory messages, such as touch, from the body, and sends the messages to the appropriate part of the brain to be interpreted. (kidshealth.org)
A) brief touch causes a receptor potential in a Pacinian corpuscle in the skin. (scholarpedia.org)

The vascular endothelial cells are the primary cells to synthesize NO in the body. (hindawi.com)

Longitudinal nerve tracts travel along the body at ventral, subventral, lateral, subdorsal, and dorsal positions and connect cell bodies to major neuropils. (wormatlas.org)

Is sickle cell disease linked to falls? (cmich.edu)
The challenge is focused on sickle cell disease, malaria and anemia and is led by NIH's National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB). (scinfo.org)
While diagnostics currently exist for sickle cell disease, malaria and anemia, they can be challenging to deliver in low-resource settings, particularly at the population level, due to cost, invasiveness and the expertise required to administer the tests. (scinfo.org)
Sickle cell disease is a group of inherited red blood cell disorders arising from a single genetic mutation that can cause severe pain and potentially lead to premature death. (scinfo.org)
About 300,000 infants each year have sickle cell disease, 75% of whom reside in sub-Saharan Africa. (scinfo.org)

The two classic photoreceptor cells are rods and cones, each contributing information used by the visual system to form an image of the environment, sight. (wikipedia.org)

Caenorhabditis elegans senses and navigates its complex chemical environment using a small subset of sensory neurons [ 22 - 24 ]. (plos.org)
The stem cell marker Lgr5 defines a subset of postmitotic neurons in the olfactory bulb. (upenn.edu)

These cells are involved in various reflexive responses of the brain and body to the presence of (day)light, such as the regulation of circadian rhythms, pupillary reflex and other non-visual responses to light. (wikipedia.org)
In addition to detecting odors, olfactory sensory neurons also serve as mechanical sensors, thus the nose transmits both odor information and nasal breathing signal into the brain. (upenn.edu)
Cells of the brain need oxygen to stay alive. (brainline.org)
When blood flow to the brain is reduced or when oxygen in the blood is too low, brain cells are damaged. (brainline.org)
The present study demonstrates, for the first time, that the host brain regulates the activity of grafted neurons, providing strong evidence that transplanted human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cortical neurons can become incorporated into injured cortical circuitry. (lu.se)
The hand can be viewed as a sensory organ with well-developed sensory functions that are linked to a particular area of the brain. (lu.se)
A nerve cell is sometimes so damaged that the communication to the brain is shut down completely and the person loses feeling and mobility in the hand", says Anders Björkman, adjunct professor of hand surgery and consultant in the specialised surgery unit at Skåne University Hospital in Malmö. (lu.se)

Moreover, many of these channels are receptors for ligands that elicit distinct psychophysical sensations, such as the heat associated with capsaicin and the cold felt with menthol. (nih.gov)
The distinct pattern of innervation of the glans emphasizes the role of the glans as a sensory structure. (cirp.org)
Cochlear hair cells consist of two anatomically and functionally distinct types: outer and inner hair cells. (bvsalud.org)

The opsin found in the intrinsically photosensitive ganglion cells of the retina is called melanopsin. (wikipedia.org)

Anatomy25

Organisms11

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs19

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment4

Psychiatry and Psychology5

Phenomena and Processes13

Disciplines and Occupations2

Health Care1

Nerves16

Peripheral8

Stimuli10

Olfactory receptors2

Mechanoreceptors2

Afferent1

Convey signals from the sensory1

Fibers5

Neuron6

Express receptors2

Mast cells8

Signals6

Ganglia5

Stimulation5

Mammalian4

Multiple sensory inputs1

Spinal2

Vivo2

TrkA5

Neurotransmitters1

Nicotinic1

Neurotransmitter2

Organs2

Biological2

Activate3

Inner ear3

Membrane4

Inputs1

Odorant1

Protein1

Vibration1

Hair follicles1

Nerve cells2

Mechanisms2

Axon6

Histamine3

Transduction1

Physiological1

Vitro1

Organisms2

Plasticity1

Mechanism1

Nervous system2

Pathway1

Proteins3

Touch9

Primary1

Lateral1

Sickle cell di5

Photoreceptor cells1

Subset2

Brain7

Distinct3

Ganglion1