Receptors pheromone. Medical search. Frequent questions

Smell is the only sensory system with a back up, which throughout most of adult life forms new sensory neurons that express specific odor receptors. (scitechdaily.com)
We show that while queen mandibular pheromone is processed by l-ALT (lateral antennal lobe tract) neurons and brood pheromone is mainly processed by m-ALT (median antennal lobe tract) neurons, worker pheromones induce redundant activity in both pathways. (jneurosci.org)
Single-cell transcriptomic profiling of Drosophila olfactory receptor neurons. (elifesciences.org)
Three types of olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) are portrayed in three different colors (green, magenta, and blue) and their cell bodies are housed in the antennae and maxillary palps. (elifesciences.org)
von der Weid B, Rossier D, Lindup M, Tuberosa J, Widmer A, Col JD, Kan C, Carleton A , Rodriguez I . Large-scale transcriptional profiling of chemosensory neurons identifies receptor-ligand pairs in vivo. (neurotree.org)
2019. Moth pheromone selective projection neurons with cell bodies in the antennal lobe lateral cluster exhibit diverse morphological and neurophysiological characteristics. (utah.edu)
Olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) are specifically tuned to these enantiomeric pheromones. (scienceopen.com)
Dopamine and norepinephine are often found floating around the synapse - spaces between neurons - occasionally, they will bind to a receptor, which creates a signal in one of the neurons. (escapistmagazine.com)
The receptor cells are actually bipolar neurons, each possessing a thin dendritic rod that contains specialized cilia extending from the olfactory vesicle and a long central process that forms the fila olfactoria. (medscape.com)
The small, unmyelinated axons of the olfactory receptor cells form the fine fibers of the first cranial nerve and travel centrally toward the ipsilateral olfactory bulb to make contact with the second-order neurons. (medscape.com)
Male olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) are the primary determinant during peripheral pheromone recognition. (bvsalud.org)
Our results uncover the pheromone recognition mechanism in M. loreyi and provide a novel angle for developing efficient sex attractants of pests on the basis of screening the peripheral olfactory neurons. (bvsalud.org)

The valuable source of large-scale genomic information initiated attempts to identify the origin(s) of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR), count and categorize those genes, and follow their evolutionary history. (springer.com)
The chapter summarizes evolutionary processes working on GPCR genes and sheds light on their consequences at the levels of receptor structure and function. (springer.com)
Since locusts have more than 140 olfactory receptor genes, the research team had to clone as many genes as possible and test them one by one. (sciencedaily.com)
A reference gene set for chemosensory receptor genes of Manduca sexta. (mpg.de)
The researchers used the CRISPR-Cas9 genetic scissors to knock out the genes encoding the two receptors in moths. (sciencedaily.com)
2010. Sexual isolation of male moths explained by a single pheromone response QTL containing four receptor genes. (utah.edu)
To see if any other receptors existed, Rodriguez's team took tissue from the vomeronasal organ - a pheromone-detecting sense organ found in the nasal cavity of mice, and some other mammals - and searched for genes expressing other possible smell receptors. (newscientist.com)
At one location or locus known as P/R, genes encode pheromones and pheromone receptors that help the fungus recognize compatible mating types. (phys.org)

Odorant receptors (ORs) interface animals with airborne chemical signals. (frontiersin.org)
Our results demonstrate a conserved function of an odorant receptor in two moths that are phylogenetically and ecologically distant. (frontiersin.org)
Reference: "Odorant receptors regulate the final glomerular coalescence of olfactory sensory neuron axons" by Diego J. Rodriguez-Gil, Dianna L. Bartel, Austin W. Jaspers, Arie S. Mobley, Fumiaki Imamura and Charles A. Greer, 20 April 2015, PNAS . (scitechdaily.com)
The pheromone is detected by the antennae and odorant receptors of the insects. (rural21.com)
Approximately half of the members of the human GPCR superfamily are chemosensory receptors, including odorant receptors (ORs), trace amine-associated receptors (TAARs), bitter taste receptors (TAS2Rs), sweet and umami taste receptors (TAS1Rs). (mdpi.com)

Mating factor receptors STE2 and STE3 are integral membrane proteins that may be involved in the response to mating factors on the cell membrane. (wikipedia.org)
The amino acid sequences of both receptors contain high proportions of hydrophobic residues grouped into 7 domains, in a manner reminiscent of the rhodopsins and other receptors believed to interact with G-proteins. (wikipedia.org)
Sequence comparison does not support an evolutionary link between halobacterial retinal proteins including bacteriorhodopsin and eukaryotic G-protein-coupled receptors. (springer.com)
Figure 1: Taste Receptor T1r Proteins from Medaka Fish (mf). (nature.com)
We suggest that by polarizing their receptors and G proteins, yeast cells create a sensitized zone of the plasma membrane that can locally influence wandering of the polarity patch. (duke.edu)
The rhodopsin-like GPCRs (GPCRA) represent a widespread protein family that includes hormone, neurotransmitter and light receptors, all of which transduce extracellular signals through interaction with guanine nucleotide-binding (G) proteins. (embl.de)
Pheromone-binding proteins present in the male moth antenna play a key role in the pheromone uptake, transport, and release at the dendritic membrane of the olfactory neuron. (bvsalud.org)

Fungal pheromone mating factor receptors form a distinct family of G-protein-coupled receptors. (wikipedia.org)

Three distinct families of putative pheromone receptors have been identified in the vomeronasal organ (V1Rs, V2Rs and V3Rs). (embl.de)

Five functional ORNs were involved in recognizing pheromones and pheromone analogues. (bvsalud.org)

The scientists identified two olfactory receptors whose sole function is to detect these defense substances and to guide female moths to the ideal sites to lay their eggs. (sciencedaily.com)
The researchers therefore analyzed, which olfactory receptors were highly expressed in female moths, and studied the function of these receptors in the frog oocytes. (sciencedaily.com)
These two receptors did not respond to any other plant-related odors or to the sex pheromones of the moths. (sciencedaily.com)
We hypothesize that the more sensitive receptor could make sure that female moths locate plants from a distance, while the other may help to provide a more accurate detection of the isothiocyanate concentration. (sciencedaily.com)
When one of the two receptors was inactivated, the moths laid considerably fewer eggs on the isothiocyanates-emitting plants. (sciencedaily.com)
When both receptors were knocked out, the moths were unable to discriminate between unmodified Arabidopsis plants and the mutant plants. (sciencedaily.com)
2012. Pheromone induced modulation of pre-flight warm-up behavior in male moths. (utah.edu)
Sex pheromones play an essential role when moths are searching for mates. (bvsalud.org)
Male moths have an extremely sensitive olfactory system that can detect the sex pheromones emitted by females over a great distance. (bvsalud.org)

The biggest challenge was finding the olfactory receptor that recognizes PAN. (sciencedaily.com)

They also release aggregation pheromones, which eventually leads to swarming and poses a huge threat to agricultural production. (sciencedaily.com)
aggregation pheromones have been identified for two species in the Dynastinae. (scienceopen.com)

Ackels T , von der Weid B, Rodriguez I , Spehr M . Physiological characterization of formyl peptide receptor expressing cells in the mouse vomeronasal organ. (neurotree.org)

Researchers explore the triggers for specific odor receptors and find no two people smell things the same way. (neurosciencenews.com)

Tests on 49 different olfactory receptors using more than 200 relevant odors eventually led to the identification of the olfactory receptor OR70a as a highly sensitive and specific detector of PAN in the migratory locust Locusta migratoria . (sciencedaily.com)
With this method, we were able to investigate which odors an individual receptor was responding to. (sciencedaily.com)
They used functional imaging techniques to monitor and visualize brain activity induced by the sex pheromone, by vinegar, and by both odors together. (scitechdaily.com)
Reference: "Electrical synapses mediate synergism between pheromone and food odors in Drosophila melanogaster" by Sudeshna Das, Federica Trona, Mohammed A. Khallaf, Elisa Schuh, Markus Knaden, Bill S. Hansson and Silke Sachse, 31 October 2017, PNAS . (scitechdaily.com)

Researchers discover as much as 30% of the larger array of human olfactory receptors differ between individuals. (neurosciencenews.com)

The receptor activation mechanism of the class A GPCR members, consisting solely of the transmembrane region, has been considered to occur via agonist binding, which changes the conformational dynamics of the protein by lowering the transition energy between the different states, and results in the transition towards the active-state conformation 9 . (nature.com)
Due to the lack of structural information of T1r receptors, their functional mechanisms have so far been conjectured from the crystallographic observation on the other class C GPCR members. (nature.com)

Las hembras de Phyllophaga obsoleta (Blanchard) (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae), una de las especies de mayor importancia agrícola en México, presentan un "llamado sexual" en el cual exponen una estructura en forma de bolsa del ápice abdominal y provocan la atracción de los machos. (scienceopen.com)

One notable signal is queen mandibular pheromone , or QMP. (mentalfloss.com)

Violin JD, Lefkowitz RJ (2007) Beta-arrestin-biased ligands at seven-transmembrane receptors. (springer.com)
Receptors of this type are ubiquitous and transduce binding of a wide variety of extracellular ligands (peptide hormones, neurotransmitters and other bioactive compounds) into a physiological signal. (berkeley.edu)

The pheromone receptors have seven hydrophobic segments and are coupled to a heterotrimeric G protein. (berkeley.edu)

Chemosensory receptors in the tobacco hawkmoth Manduca sexta. (mpg.de)

During the mating response of budding yeast, a model chemotropic system, the pheromone receptors on the plasma membrane polarize to the side of the cell closest to the stimulus. (johnshopkins.edu)
Phosphorylation of pheromone receptors by yeast casein kinase 1 or 2 (Yck1/2) stimulates their internalization. (johnshopkins.edu)
To understand the molecular biology of peptide hormone action, we studied response of budding yeast ( Saccharomyces cerevisiae ) to its peptide mating pheromones ( a -factor and α-factor). (berkeley.edu)
Yeast cells are thought to use a spatial gradient tracking mechanism to grow up the pheromone gradient created by their mating partners. (duke.edu)
However, yeast cells polarize their receptors towards the direction of growth thereby reducing the distance that they can use to compare pheromone concentrations. (duke.edu)
During mating, the pheromone gradient is thought to bias the polarity patch to the up-gradient side of the cell, but especially in shallow gradients, sometimes yeast cells initially establish the polarity patch on the wrong side of the cell. (duke.edu)
In order for yeast cells to properly track the pheromone gradient, their polarity patch must spend more time on the up-gradient side of the cell. (duke.edu)

T1rs are class C G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), and the extracellular ligand binding domains (LBDs) of T1r1/T1r3 and T1r2/T1r3 heterodimers are responsible for binding of chemical substances eliciting umami or sweet taste. (nature.com)
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) constitute a vast protein family that encompasses a wide range of functions, including various autocrine, paracrine and endocrine processes. (embl.de)
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) belong to the largest class of drug targets. (mdpi.com)

Genetic drift and selective forces have shaped the individual structure of a given receptor gene but also of the species-specific receptor repertoire - a process that is still ongoing. (springer.com)
These processes have left footprints in the genomic sequence that can be detected by bioinformatic methods and may help to interpret receptor function in the light of a given species in its environment. (springer.com)
However, pheromones play crucial roles in an insect's life beyond sexual attraction, and some species use many different pheromones making such a labeled-line organization unrealistic. (jneurosci.org)
Consequently, such a coding scheme may not be adapted for species that use a wide range of different pheromones (often including many different components), such as social insects. (jneurosci.org)
Pheromones regulate social and reproductive behavior in most mammalian species. (researchgate.net)
Between the two phyla, Basidiomycetes species may have thousands of (tetrapolar) mating types as well as a pheromone system. (tripod.com)
Kang headed the team of scientists who discovered 4VA, a pheromone which is mainly released from the hind legs of migratory locusts and attracts others of the same species, causing them to aggregate. (rural21.com)
However, Kang points out that more research is needed to see if the pheromone is also effective in other locust species. (rural21.com)
This structure suggests potential receptor-binding sites of these pheromones and we are examining common functional and structural characteristics of pheromones of other species. (utmb.edu)
Some species that are geographically and/or seasonally isolated utilize the same sex pheromone system, but chirality plays an important role in the isolation of the communication channels of two ruteline species, where one enantiomer is utilized as sex pheromone and the other is a behavioral antagonist. (scienceopen.com)
Pheromones have evolved in all animal phyla, to signal sex and dominance status, and are responsible for stereotypical social and sexual behaviour among members of the same species. (embl.de)
As part of a national research programme on the speciation of Yponomeuta moth species initiated by the late Wim Herrebout, Jan investigated the olfactory receptors of a range of closely related Yponomeuta moth species by their morphology and electrophysiological responses to sex pheromones and plant odour components. (usda.gov)
Here, we report the first high-resolution NMR structure of a pheromone-binding protein from an Ostrinia species at pH 6.5. (bvsalud.org)

The team found, for instance, that the 1,200 different types of odor receptors do more than just detect smells in the environment, but they also act as a sort of molecular glue, expressed late in maturation, that locks axons into proper targets in the brain. (scitechdaily.com)
The two receptors, however, detect the isothiocyanates with different sensitivities. (sciencedaily.com)
Rodriguez believes the receptors could ultimately be incorporated into an artificial nose that would detect illness . (newscientist.com)
It is believed to detect external chemical signals called pheromones. (medscape.com)

Kim JY, Haastert PV, Devreotes PN (1996) Social senses: G-protein-coupled receptor signaling pathways in Dictyostelium discoideum . (springer.com)
Nordstrom KJ, Sallman Almen M, Edstam M et al (2011) Independent HHsearch, Needleman-Wunsch-based, and motif analyses reveal the overall hierarchy for most of the G protein-coupled receptor families. (springer.com)

Ea E (2000) Pheromone response, mating and cell biology. (springer.com)

Ysis of pheromone-dependent gene transcription in WT and reg1 cells. (acthreceptor.com)
D) Analysis of pheromone-dependent gene transcription in WT, elm1sak1tos3, and reg1 cells expressing a FUS1-lacZ reporter that had been left untreatedSci Signal. (acthreceptor.com)

Two widely distributed lepidopteran herbivores, codling moth Cydia pomonella (Tortricidae) feeding in apples and pears, and the African cotton leafworm Spodoptera littoralis (Noctuidae), a moth feeding on foliage of a wide range of herbaceous plants, both express a receptor ortholog, OR19, which shares 58% amino acid identity and 69% amino acid similarity. (frontiersin.org)
Here, he built an electrophysiological set-up for recording of moth responses to sex pheromones. (usda.gov)

These studies favored the view that pheromone compounds are processed within specific antennal lobe glomeruli following a specialized labeled-line system. (jneurosci.org)

The multifaceted gut-brain peptide ghrelin and its receptor (GHSR-1a) are implicated in mechanisms regulating not only the energy balance but also the reward circuitry. (researchgate.net)

Förster resonance energy transfer and X-ray solution scattering have revealed the transition of the dimerization manner of the ligand binding domains, from a widely spread to compactly organized state upon taste substance binding, which may correspond to distinct receptor functional states. (nature.com)
They showed in animals with a PAN receptor that was no longer functional that it is necessary for the perception of PAN and the suppression of cannibalistic behavior. (sciencedaily.com)
Trichoid sensilla were classified into four functional types on the basis of neuronal responses to pheromones by single sensillum recording. (bvsalud.org)

Diverse signal recognition receptors and signal transduction pathways were defined which regulate cellular functions, metabolism and development. (mdpi.com)

In marked contrast to melolonthine sex pheromone glands that are everted from the abdominal tip, ruteline sex pheromone glands consist of epithelial cells that line the inner surfaces of the pygidium and two apical sternites. (scienceopen.com)

Here we show the first molecular view of reception of a taste substance by a taste receptor, where the binding of the taste substance elicits a different conformational state of T1r2/T1r3 LBD heterodimer. (nature.com)

some rely on chemical cues like pheromones, while others employ visual or acoustic signals to communicate their readiness. (insecta-inspecta.com)

Work from our lab has found that the polarity patch wanders along the cell cortex during pheromone gradient tracking, and suggests that wandering behavior could serve as a mechanism of reorientation for cells whose polarity patch is misaligned with the gradient. (duke.edu)
From an evolutionary point of view, it seems useful that they evolved a mechanism that enhances the effect of the pheromone without the males having to release higher concentrations. (scitechdaily.com)

Odorants can also be perceived by entering the nose posteriorly through the nasopharynx to reach the olfactory receptor via retronasal olfaction. (medscape.com)

The receptor and the neurotransmitter briefly bind, but then release after the signal is created. (escapistmagazine.com)

The researchers also identified the odor receptor for PAN in the locusts. (sciencedaily.com)
Behavioral experiments with genetically modified locusts whose OR70a receptor was no longer functioning again showed a strongly increased cannibalism rate, which is due to the fact that the cannibalism stop signal can no longer be perceived by the locusts without the corresponding receptor. (sciencedaily.com)
Migratory locusts have already been genetically engineered to lack the olfactory receptor needed for them to be attracted by 4VA, and the mutants have proved to be incapable of sensing the compound. (rural21.com)
We can synthesise the pheromone to lure locusts and trap them in a designated area, and then spray the targeted area with insecticide, therefore greatly reducing the need to mass spray the chemical," he explains. (rural21.com)

Neural coding of pheromones has been intensively studied in insects with a particular focus on sex pheromones. (jneurosci.org)
Neural coding and processing of pheromone information have been studied intensively in insects, strongly focusing on sex pheromones. (jneurosci.org)
Leslie Vosshall, head of Rockefeller University's Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Behavior, in the USA, even thinks it might be possible to create a chemical that blocks the locust's 4VA receptors, keeping the insects from aggregating and maintaining a peaceful and solitary life instead. (rural21.com)

Although receptor polarization occurs before and independently of actin cable-dependent delivery of vesicles to the plasma membrane (directed secretion), it requires receptor internalization. (johnshopkins.edu)

Slight asymmetries in receptor activation are amplified by downstream signaling systems, which ultimately induce dynamic reorganization of the cytoskeleton. (johnshopkins.edu)
Activation of the pheromone receptor-coupled G protein initiates a four-tiered cascade of protein kinases, ultimately resulting in stimulation of a messenger-activated protein kinase or MAPK (Fus3) that translocates into the nucleus. (berkeley.edu)

Researchers discover odor receptors in the lungs. (neurosciencenews.com)
Researchers report that in the future, olfactory receptors could serve as a target for liver cancer diagnosis and treatments. (neurosciencenews.com)
Researchers had previously identified four classes of receptor that mice and other mammals use to smell, but none of these provided an explanation for this phenomenon. (newscientist.com)

Pheromones are used in many behavioral contexts, from reproduction to territoriality, aggression, kin recognition, and food and nest marking ( Wyatt, 2003 ). (jneurosci.org)

Pheromones slightly alter this state suddenly giving us a different feeling, also acts as a feedback loop to alter hormones, and even it alters the behavior of others. (pherotruth.com)

A locust has more than 100 receptors, and it has so far been found to emit 35 odorous compounds," Kang reports. (rural21.com)
Melolonthines utilize mainly amino acid derivatives and terpenoid compounds, but sex pheromones of rutelines are fatty acid derivatives. (scienceopen.com)

Cells use surface receptors to sense the shallow chemical gradients that elicit chemotaxis and chemotropism. (johnshopkins.edu)
Information are expressed as a percentage with the -galactosidase activity of WT cells in the maximum concentration of pheromone. (acthreceptor.com)
c ) Dose-response curves for l -alanine and l -glutamine by the full-length mf T1r2a/T1r3 receptor in HEK293 cells. (nature.com)
They identified five receptors closely related to a class of receptor already known to help immune cells hone in on pathogens and inflammation. (newscientist.com)
This area (only a few centimeters wide) contains more than 100 million olfactory receptor cells. (medscape.com)
The olfactory epithelium consists of 3 cell types: basal, supporting, and olfactory receptor cells. (medscape.com)
Basal cells are stem cells that give rise to the olfactory receptor cells (seen in the image below). (medscape.com)
Supporting cells are scattered among the receptor cells and have numerous microvilli and secretory granules, which empty their contents onto the mucosal surface. (medscape.com)
The sense of smell is mediated through stimulation of the olfactory receptor cells by volatile chemicals. (medscape.com)

Sweet and umami tastes are perceived by T1r taste receptors in oral cavity. (nature.com)

Olfactory receptor neuron responses of a longhorned beetle, Tetropium fuscum (Fabr. (gc.ca)

A novel family of candidate pheromone receptors in mammals. (jax.org)

We were surprised that even two receptors are specifically tuned to the isothiocyanates. (sciencedaily.com)

Vinegar odor boosts the perception of a male sex pheromone in the brain of unmated female Drosophila melanogaster flies, as a team of scientists from the Department of Evolutionary Neuroethology has now discovered. (scitechdaily.com)

A pheromone released by female zebrafish is sensed by the olfactory receptors of males, a new study reports. (neurosciencenews.com)

Synergistic effect of the male sex pheromone cis-vaccenyl acetate (cVA) and vinegar. (scitechdaily.com)
Previous experiments had revealed that the male pheromone cis-vaccenyl acetate activates the glomerulus DA1 in the brains of female flies. (scitechdaily.com)
Nine pheromone components were identified, including (Z)-9-tetradecen-1-yl acetate (Z9-14:OAc), (Z)-7-dodecen-1-yl acetate (Z7-12:OAc), and (Z)-11-hexadecen-1-yl acetate (Z11-16:OAc), and the first two elicited electrophysiological activities in the male antennae. (bvsalud.org)

To stimulate the olfactory receptors, airborne molecules must pass through the nasal cavity with relatively turbulent air currents and contact the receptors. (medscape.com)

Ivan Rodriguez at the University of Geneva, Switzerland, and his colleagues have identified a type of smell receptor in mice that seems to respond to disease-related molecules produced by bacteria, viruses, or as the result of inflammation. (newscientist.com)
Further experiments showed that these vomeronasal receptors could be activated by molecules related to disease, which are excreted in urine when animals are sick. (newscientist.com)

However, such an organization is costly in terms of necessary neural units and may only be a particular case for sex pheromones composed of very few components. (jneurosci.org)

Effects of putative pheromones on human neuroendocrine activity, brain activity and attractiveness ratings suggest that humans may communicate via similar chemosignaling. (researchgate.net)

Anatomy10

Organisms14

Chemicals and Drugs22

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment1

Psychiatry and Psychology6

Phenomena and Processes14

Information Science3

Health Care2

Neurons12

Genes8

Odorant5

Proteins7

Family of G-protein-c1

Putative pheromone1

ORNs1

Moths9

Finding the olfactory1

Aggregation pheromones2

Vomeronasal organ1

Specific odor receptors1

Odors4

Human olfactory1

GPCR2

Coleoptera1

Queen mandibula1

Ligands2

Heterotrimeric G prote1

Chemosensory1

Yeast7

GPCRs3

Species13

Detect4

Protein-coupled receptor2

20001

Gene2

Moth2

Antennal lobe1

Peptide1

Functional3

Regulate1

Epithelial cells1

Molecular1

Signals1

Mechanism2

Olfaction1

Neurotransmitter1

Locusts4

Insects3

Membrane1

Activation2

Researchers3

Behavioral1

Behavior1

Compounds2

Cells9

Umami1

Responses1

Mammals1

Specifically tuned1

Perception1

Males1

Acetate3

Airborne1

Molecules2

Components1

Humans1