Pyruvate, phosphate dikinase, or PPDK (EC 2.7.9.1) is an enzyme in the family of transferases that catalyzes the chemical reaction ATP + pyruvate + phosphate ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } AMP + phosphoenolpyruvate + diphosphate This enzyme has been studied primarily in plants, but it has been studied in some bacteria as well. (wikipedia.org)
PPDK catalyses the conversion of pyruvate to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), consuming 1 molecule of ATP, and producing one molecule of AMP in the process. (wikipedia.org)
By contrast, PPDK catalyses a reversible reaction, and consumes 1 molecule of ATP for each molecule of pyruvate converted. (wikipedia.org)
Research has shown that the PPDK binding mechanisms are similar to that of D-Ala-D-Ala ligase and pyruvate kinase. (wikipedia.org)
PPDK converts pyruvate to PEP, which reacts with CO2 to produce oxaloacetate. (wikipedia.org)
Eight naturally occurring marine-sponge derived sesquiterpenoid quinones were evaluated as potential inhibitors of pyruvate phosphate dikinase (PPDK), a C 4 plant regulatory enzyme. (edu.au)
Encodes a PPDK regulatory protein that has protein kinase activity but lacks protein phosphatase activity towards PPDK (pyruvate orthophosphate dikinase). (or.jp)
While genome analyses indicate that the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum possesses all the enzymes required to operate a C4 pathway, silencing of the pyruvate orthophosphate dikinase (PPDK) in a genetically transformed cell line does not lead to reduced photosynthetic carbon fixation. (uni-konstanz.de)
We used RNA-interference to silence the single gene encoding pyruvate-orthophosphate dikinase (PPDK) in Phaeodactylum tricornutum, essential for C(4) metabolism, and examined the photosynthetic characteristics. (uni-konstanz.de)
Phosphate dikinase1
This three-carbon compound returns to mesophyll cells for the conversion to phosphoenolpyruvate by the chloroplast-localized pyruvate-phosphate dikinase ( Web Figure 8.11.A ). Subsequently, the phosphoenolpyruvate flows from the stroma to the cytosol for the primary carbon fixation via PEPCase. (oup.com)
Phosphoenolpyruvate2
EC 2.7.9.1) catalyzes the reversible conversion of pyruvate to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) and is important in C 4 plants as it is generally recognized as catalyzing the rate-limiting step of C 4 photosynthesis [1]. (scirp.org)
To ensure high rates of phosphoenolpyruvate efflux for the proper functioning of this cycle, the envelope of mesophyll chloroplasts bears the PPT, which concurrently drives the chloroplast uptake of orthophosphate to restore the lost phosphorus. (oup.com)
Bundle sheath cells2
When CO2 is released in the bundle sheath cells, pyruvate is regenerated, and the cycle continues. (wikipedia.org)
C 4 -plants of the NADP-malic enzyme type (e.g., maize) (see Web Topic 8.9) under active photosynthesis produce pyruvate in bundle sheath cells. (oup.com)
Maize2
Aoyagi K, Bassham JA (1984) Pyruvate orthophosphate dikinase of C 3 seeds and leaves as compared to the enzyme from maize. (springer.com)
Characterization of maize leaf pyruvate orthophosphate dikinase using high throughput sequencing. (mpg.de)
Metabolism1
This enzyme participates in pyruvate metabolism and carbon fixation. (wikipedia.org)
Carbon2
Studies of a pckA-lacZ gene fusion indicated that when cells were grown in minimal media with various carbon sources, such as succinate, malate, pyruvate, lactate, or ethanol, under both anaerobic light and aerobic dark conditions, the pckA gene was induced in log phase, irrespective of the carbon source. (asm.org)
This membrane protein functions as an antiport system that exchanges phosphorylated-mainly three-, but also admits five- or six-carbon compounds-for orthophosphate. (oup.com)
Enzyme2
It is a key enzyme in gluconeogenesis and photosynthesis that is responsible for reversing the reaction performed by pyruvate kinase in Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas glycolysis. (wikipedia.org)
The systematic name of this enzyme class is ATP:pyruvate, phosphate phosphotransferase. (wikipedia.org)
Amino1
The pyruvate/PEP binding site is on the C-terminus, has 340 amino acids, and an α/β-barrel fold. (wikipedia.org)
Produce1
La conversión de finca cauchera a plantación de palma de aceite libera el contenido de carbono en el suelo (i.e., produce emisión de carbono), pero dicho fenómeno está previsto en la literatura. (scielo.org.mx)
Phosphotransferases1
It belongs to the family of transferases, to be specific, those transferring phosphorus-containing groups (phosphotransferases) with paired acceptors (dikinases). (wikipedia.org)
Kinase5
It is a key enzyme in gluconeogenesis and photosynthesis that is responsible for reversing the reaction performed by pyruvate kinase in Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas glycolysis. (wikipedia.org)
The reaction is similar to the reaction catalysed by pyruvate kinase, which also converts pyruvate to PEP. (wikipedia.org)
However, pyruvate kinase catalyses an irreversible reaction, and does not consume ATP. (wikipedia.org)
Research has shown that the PPDK binding mechanisms are similar to that of D-Ala-D-Ala ligase and pyruvate kinase. (wikipedia.org)
Correspondingly, the activity of enzymes including GST, citrate synthase, 6-phosphofructokinase, pyruvate kinase and ferredoxin-dependent glutamate synthase significantly changed. (bvsalud.org)
19991
Sakakibara T, Murakami S, Eisaki N, Nakajima M, Imai K (1999) An enzymatic cycling method using pyruvate orthophosphate dikinase and firefly luciferase for the simultaneous determination of ATP and AMP (RNA). (biothema.com)