• RePub, Erasmus University Repository: Pulmonary surfactant protein A, B, and C mRNA and protein expression in the nitrofen-induced congenital diaphragmatic hernia rat model. (eur.nl)
  • In this study, we tested the possibility that CDH lungs are surfactant protein deficient, which could explain the respiratory failure and difficulties in treating CDH infants. (eur.nl)
  • We investigated this hypothesis in the nitrofen-induced CDH rat model and assessed the cellular concentrations of surfactant protein (SP)-A, -B, and -C mRNA with a quantitative radioactive in situ hybridization technique. (eur.nl)
  • The SFTPB and SFTPC genes provide instructions for making surfactant protein-B (SP-B) and surfactant protein-C (SP-C), respectively, two of the four proteins in surfactant. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Surfactant protein B (SFTPB) deficiency is a fatal disease affecting newborn infants. (nature.com)
  • SFTPB is the pulmonary-associated surfactant B protein (SPB), an amphipathic surfactant protein essential for lung function and homeostasis after birth. (avivasysbio.com)
  • Surfactant protein A (SP-A) is a main inhibitor of sPLA2 and serves as an integral component of alveolar surfactant consisting of 85~90% phosphatides, 5~10% protein, and 5% sugar [ 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • SP-A acts as a pulmonary surfactant binding protein and is secreted by type II pneumonocyte. (hindawi.com)
  • Dr. Ledford's current work in the area of pulmonary surfactant immunobiology combines her knowledge of mouse genetics, pulmonary disease models and immune function regulation and focuses on understanding the role of Surfactant Protein-A (SP-A) and how it regulates signaling pathways within various immune cell populations. (bio5.org)
  • Previous reports demonstrate that surfactant protein-A (SP-A) binds live M. pneumoniae and mycoplasma membrane fractions (MMF) with high affinity. (bio5.org)
  • Pulmonary surfactant, also known as lung surfactant, is a detergent-like, lipid-protein mixture synthesized by alveolar type II epithelial cells. (biophysics.org)
  • Next are patients with genetic mutations in: surfactant protein B (SFTPB), ABCA3, surfactant protein C (SFTPC) and pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP). (cincinnatichildrens.org)
  • Past research pointed to a prime candidate - surfactant protein A (SP-A), which has a major role in fighting infections and inflammation in the lung. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Recombinant Fragment of Human Surfactant Protein D: A Hierarchical Regulator of Pulmonary Hypersensitivity. (bvsalud.org)
  • Surfactant recovered by alveolar wash from most mammals contains 70-80% phospholipids, 8-10% protein, and 10% neutral lipids, primarily cholesterol. (medscape.com)
  • Among the 4 surfactant apoproteins identified, surfactant protein B (SP-B) and SP-C are 2 small hydrophobic proteins that make up 2-4% of the surfactant mass and are present in commercially available surfactant preparations. (medscape.com)
  • By adsorbing to the air-water interface of alveoli, with hydrophilic head groups in the water and the hydrophobic tails facing towards the air, the main lipid component of surfactant, dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC), reduces surface tension. (wikipedia.org)
  • As the alveoli increase in size, the surfactant becomes more spread out over the surface of the liquid. (wikipedia.org)
  • Surfactant reduces surface tension more readily when the alveoli are smaller because the surfactant is more concentrated. (wikipedia.org)
  • Without normal surfactant, the tissue surrounding the air sacs in the lungs (the alveoli) sticks together (because of a force called surface tension) after exhalation, causing the alveoli to collapse. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Surfactant is released from the lung cells and spreads across the tissue that surrounds alveoli. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The loss of functional surfactant raises surface tension in the alveoli, causing severe breathing problems. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Found in the lung parenchyma, the pulmonary alveoli are the dead ends of the respiratory tree, which outcrop from either alveolar sacs or alveolar ducts, which are both sites of gas exchange with the blood as well. (absoluteastronomy.com)
  • It is a condition where the alveoli are deflated, as distinct from pulmonary consolidation.It is a very common finding in chest x-rays and other. (absoluteastronomy.com)
  • In the alveoli, MWCNTs first interact with the pulmonary surfactant. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Pulmonary surfactant is a lipid-rich material that prevents lung collapse by lowering surface tension at the air-liquid interface in the alveoli of lung. (avivasysbio.com)
  • The proteins and lipids that make up the surfactant have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions. (wikipedia.org)
  • Phosphatidylglycerol (PG) forms about 11% of the lipids in the surfactant, it has unsaturated fatty acid chains that fluidize the lipid monolayer at the interface. (wikipedia.org)
  • At this interface, proteins and lipids of the pulmonary surfactant bind to MWCNTs, affecting their surface characteristics. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Pulmonary surfactant is mainly composed of phospholipids and minor amounts of other lipids and specific proteins. (downstate.edu)
  • A delicate balance between synthesis, secretion, recycling and degradation of the lipids is required to maintain surfactant function and lung performance. (downstate.edu)
  • Samaha G., Garcia-Arcos I., (2020) "Alveolar lipids in pulmonary disease. (downstate.edu)
  • 100 nm) reaching the deep lung region first interact with the pulmonary surfactant, a thin lipid film lining the alveolar epithelium. (arxiv.org)
  • Here we study the viscoelastic properties of a biomimetic pulmonary surfactant in the presence of various engineered nanoparticles. (arxiv.org)
  • Surfactant dysfunction is caused by mutations in one of several genes, including SFTPB , SFTPC , and ABCA3 . (medlineplus.gov)
  • Mutations in the SFTPB gene cause a type of surfactant dysfunction sometimes referred to as SP-B deficiency. (medlineplus.gov)
  • These mutations lead to a reduction in or absence of mature SP-B. In addition, SFTPB gene mutations cause abnormal processing of SP-C, resulting in a lack of mature SP-C and a buildup of unprocessed forms of SP-C. These changes lead to abnormal surfactant composition and decreased surfactant function. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) is defined as the failure of the normal circulatory transition that occurs after birth. (medscape.com)
  • Idiopathic persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn can present without signs of acute perinatal distress. (medscape.com)
  • We conclude that there is no primary deficiency of surfactant proteins in the nitrofen-induced CDH rat model. (eur.nl)
  • One type of surfactant dysfunction, SP-B deficiency, is estimated to occur in 1 in 1 million newborns worldwide. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Caused by dysfunction or deficiency of pulmonary surfactant. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • This happens primarily because the phase transition temperature between gel to liquid crystal of pure DPPC is 41.5 °C, which is higher than the human body's temperature of 37 °C. Phosphatidylcholine molecules form ~85% of the lipid in surfactant and have saturated acyl chains. (wikipedia.org)
  • Dr. Garcia-Arcos leads a team of scientists focused on lipid metabolism, surfactant lipid homeostasis, and cellular lipid uptake and usage during pulmonary and cardiovascular disease. (downstate.edu)
  • The lung is not usually considered as a highly metabolic organ, but alveolar type 2 cells need to maintain intense lipid metabolic activity to synthesize surfactant. (downstate.edu)
  • While it has been known for decades that an adequate development of the alveolar surfactant system is essential for neonates, the role of lipid metabolism in adult lung disease is poorly understood despite accumulating evidence showing its relevance. (downstate.edu)
  • It is found that particles strongly interacting with lipid vesicles, such as cationic silica (SiO2, 42 nm) and alumina (Al2O3, 40 nm) induce profound modifications of the surfactant flow proper-ties, even at low concentrations. (arxiv.org)
  • However, surfactant decreases the alveolar surface tension, as seen in cases of premature infants with infant respiratory distress syndrome. (wikipedia.org)
  • Presently, PH occurs in 3% to 5% of preterm ventilated infants with severe respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) who often have a PDA and have received surfactant. (nih.gov)
  • Pulmonary haemodynamics after surfactant replacement in severe neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. (bmj.com)
  • Aortopulmonary pressure difference and pulmonary blood flow velocity were studied during the first 48 hours of life in 12 premature neonates with severe respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), treated by natural surfactant, and in 25 premature neonates with mild RDS. (bmj.com)
  • Scholars@Duke publication: Effect of pulmonary surfactant on the dissolution, stability and uptake of zinc oxide nanowires by human respiratory epithelial cells. (duke.edu)
  • Alveolar type II (ATII) epithelial cells synthesize, secrete and recycle all components of surfactant and dysfunction in surfactant metabolism can result in a variety of pediatric lung diseases including respiratory distress syndrome and interstitial lung disease 3 . (nature.com)
  • Recently, the abnormalities of pulmonary surfactant system have been implicated in the pathogenesis of respiratory distress syndrome [ 6 , 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Chest radiographs in a premature infant with respiratory distress syndrome before and after surfactant treatment. (medscape.com)
  • In contrast to adult primary pulmonary hypertension, the newborn syndrome is not defined by a specific pressure of the pulmonary circulation. (medscape.com)
  • The cause of PH is thought to be due to rapid lowering of intrapulmonary pressure, which facilitates left to right shunting across a PDA and an increase in pulmonary blood flow. (nih.gov)
  • Furthermore, even though GM-CSF is important in clearing surfactant, there was no increase in pulmonary adverse events. (medpagetoday.com)
  • To evaluate the effect of surfactant treatment compared to placebo or no intervention on mortality and morbidities in neonates with PH. (nih.gov)
  • In view of the promising results from studies with less strict study designs than a randomised controlled trial, there is reason to conduct further trials of surfactant for the treatment of PH in neonates. (nih.gov)
  • Neonates with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) suffer from a diaphragmatic defect, lung hypoplasia, and pulmonary hypertension, with poor lung function forming the major clinical challenge. (eur.nl)
  • She leads the neonatal pulmonary hypertension consultation team. (rochester.edu)
  • Dr. Raju's research interests encompass many aspects of neonatal care, including neonatal resuscitation, pulmonary surfactants, neonatal encephalopathy, and preterm birth. (nih.gov)
  • It is a syndrome characterized by marked pulmonary hypertension that causes hypoxemia secondary to right-to-left shunting of blood at the foramen ovale and ductus arteriosus. (medscape.com)
  • Dr. Pryhuber's particular clinical interests are care of infants with pulmonary hypertension, lung injury, growth and developmental failure, often complicated by chronic and inflammatory disease. (rochester.edu)
  • Diesel exhaust particulate material (DPM) was assayed for induction of chromosomal aberrations (CA), micronucleus (MN) formation, and 6-thioguanine-resistant (TG r) gene mutation in V79 cells as a dispersion in dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) in physiological saline, a simulated pulmonary surfactant. (cdc.gov)
  • The DPPC is the strongest surfactant molecule in the pulmonary surfactant mixture. (wikipedia.org)
  • Filter-collected automobile DPM provided for the study was not organic solvent extracted, but was directly mixed into DPPC in saline dispersion as a model of pulmonary surfactant conditioning of a soot particle depositing in a lung alveolus. (cdc.gov)
  • The positive clastogenicity results are consistent with other studies of DPM dispersed into DPPC-saline surfactant that have shown activity in mammalian cells for sister chromatid exchange, unscheduled DNA synthesis, and MN induction. (cdc.gov)
  • Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) is the main component of lung surfactants. (who.int)
  • Surfactant allows the lungs to inflate by decreasing the alveolar surface tension and the work needed for inspiration in each breathing cycle. (downstate.edu)
  • Mutations in the SFTPC gene are involved in a type of surfactant dysfunction sometimes called SP-C dysfunction. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Pulmonary surfactant is a surface-active complex of phospholipids and proteins formed by type II alveolar cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • This condition results from abnormalities in the composition or function of surfactant, a mixture of certain fats (called phospholipids) and proteins that lines the lung tissue and makes breathing easy. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The phospholipids and proteins that make up surfactant are packaged in cellular structures known as lamellar bodies. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Surfactant dysfunction is a lung disorder that causes breathing problems. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The signs and symptoms of surfactant dysfunction can vary in severity. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Less severe forms of surfactant dysfunction cause gradual onset of breathing problems in children or adults. (medlineplus.gov)
  • There are several types of surfactant dysfunction, which are identified by the genetic cause of the condition. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The prevalence of surfactant dysfunction due to other causes is unknown. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Less common causes of atelectasis include surfactant dysfunction and lung parenchymal scarring or tumor. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Targeted AntiBiotics for Chronic pulmonary diseases (TARGET ABC): can targeted antibiotic therapy improve the prognosis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa-infected patients with chronic pulmonary obstructive disease, non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis, and asthma? (sdu.dk)
  • The relationship between e-cigarettes and chronic pulmonary disease is less clear, though possible associations with obstructive spirometric changes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, and chronic cough have been demonstrated. (bcmj.org)
  • In the lab, we use cell culture and in vivo models to study the regulation of surfactant homeostasis and its dysregulation during disease. (downstate.edu)
  • Surfactant is produced by alveolar type II cells which can be differentiated in vitro from patient specific induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived lung organoids. (nature.com)
  • The diagnosis is confirmed regardless of the pulmonary arterial pressure, as long as it is accompanied by a right-to-left shunt and absence of congenital heart disease. (medscape.com)
  • If nCPAP and INSURE does not seem to be a good option (i.e. severe RDS), the infant is transfered postnatally after primary surfactant administration, and while being on mechanical ventilation. (99nicu.org)
  • The scientists compared levels of a variety of proteins obtained from the lung tissues of healthy individuals, patients with COPD, and those with pulmonary fibrosis. (sciencedaily.com)
  • This work provides unique findings on the effects of PS on the stability and toxicity of ZnONWs, which could be important in the study of pulmonary toxicity and epithelial-endothelial translocation of nanoparticles in general. (duke.edu)
  • Cooperative effects in surfactant adsorption layers at water/alkane interfaces. (mpg.de)
  • Surfactant degradation or inactivation may contribute to enhanced susceptibility to lung inflammation and infection. (wikipedia.org)
  • Recently, bile acid was found to cause surfactant inactivation by enhancing the activity of secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) and induce inflammatory response of fetal lung [ 5 , 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • However, whether the level of TBA in maternal serum caused perinatal abnormality of pulmonary surfactant and fetal lung tissue morphological structure remains largely unknown. (hindawi.com)
  • We also show the presence of normal lamellar bodies and the secretion of surfactant into the cell culture medium in the organoids of lentiviral infected cells. (nature.com)
  • Lamellar bodies in the TYPE 2 PNEUMOCYTES produce and secrete PULMONARY SURFACTANT (e.g. (bvsalud.org)
  • Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine is a phospholipid consisting of two palmitic acids and is the major constituent of pulmonary surfactant. (absoluteastronomy.com)
  • To determine the correlation between maternal bile acid (BA) level and fetal pulmonary surfactant in rats and study the effects of BA on fetal lung in rat model of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. (hindawi.com)
  • The ductus arteriosus is a small fetal structure that connects two large arteries (aorta and pulmonary) but becomes pathological when it is maintained after birth. (bvsalud.org)
  • Blood samples and four blood vessels, the aorta, superior vena cava, pulmonary vein and pulmonary artery, were obtained from 11 slaughtered sheep. (who.int)
  • Researchers in Finland are reporting identification of the first potential "biomarker" that could be used in development of a sputum test for early detection of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). (sciencedaily.com)
  • Mar. 10, 2023 One in 10 adults suffer from the debilitating effects of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). (sciencedaily.com)
  • International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. (sdu.dk)
  • Pulmonary Embolism (PE) Pulmonary embolism (PE) is the occlusion of pulmonary arteries by thrombi that originate elsewhere, typically in the large veins of the legs or pelvis. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Aim of the present study was to investigate if the pre-coating of MWCNTs with pulmonary surfactant has an influence on potential adverse effects, upon both (i) human monocyte derived macrophages (MDM) monocultures, and (ii) a sophisticated in vitro model of the human epithelial airway barrier. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Both in vitro systems were exposed to MWCNTs either pre-coated with a porcine pulmonary surfactant (Curosurf) or not. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Thus the coating of nano-objects with pulmonary surfactant should be considered for future lung in vitro risk assessment studies. (biomedcentral.com)
  • SPB enhances the rate of spreading and increases the stability of surfactant monolayers in vitro. (avivasysbio.com)
  • Aortopulmonary pressure difference was significantly lower at 6 hours of age in the infants with severe RDS and was not increased one hour after surfactant therapy. (bmj.com)
  • Pulmonary blood flow velocity was significantly lower, initially in the severe RDS group, and was not increased one hour after surfactant therapy. (bmj.com)
  • Intratracheally injection of bile acid had been shown to induce severe pulmonary edema in rabbits [ 15 ]. (hindawi.com)