Polyamines. Medical search. Frequent questions

Putrescine, a kind of polyamine, decreaseS phytochelatin synthesis at enzymatic and gene expression levels by increasing cadmium toxicity in rice. (wikipedia.org)
In this case, huge amounts of polyamine-cadmium complexes form, so higher density of cadmium and putrescine decreases phytochelatin synthesis as well as its gene expression. (wikipedia.org)
Pathogenic microbes cause synthesis of polyamines in host cells by increasing the transfer of aminopropyl groups from adenosyl methionine to putrescine, resulting in depletion of intracellular adenosyl methionine concentrations in host cells. (iospress.com)
As such, the objective of this study was to investigate effects of anabolic hormones, polyamine precursors, and polyamines relative to proliferation, protein synthesis, and the abundance of mRNA involved in polyamine biosynthesis, proliferation, and protein synthesis in C2C12 and Sol8 cells. (usu.edu)
Furthermore, anabolic hormones, polyamines, and polyamine precursors increase proliferation and protein synthesis, and polyamines and their precursors alter the abundance of mRNA involved in growth. (usu.edu)
While the increase in polyamine synthesis would have important implications for cell growth and proliferation, it is not clear how this might affect iNOS pathway. (herts.ac.uk)
Blagbrough, IS , Geall, AJ & Neal, AP 2002, ' Design and synthesis of unsymmetrical polyamine spermidine and spermine conjugates with potential in DNA binding and non-viral gene therapy studies ', Abstracts of Papers of the American Chemical Society , vol. 224, pp. (bath.ac.uk)
Viruses also rely polyamines for productive replication, utilizing them during DNA/RNa polymerization, nucleic acid packaging, and protein synthesis. (luc.edu)
Upon Mg21 starvation, polyamine synthesis is induced, as is the production of the high-affinity Mg21 transporters MgtA and MgtB. (illinois.edu)
Either polyamine synthesis or Mg21 transport is required to maintain viability. (illinois.edu)
This lethality is suppressed by blocking either polyamine synthesis or Mg21 transport, suggesting that once Mg21 levels are reestablished, the excess polyamines must be excreted. (illinois.edu)
Polyamine synthesis mutants are attenuated in a mouse model of systemic infection, as are strains lacking the MgtB Mg21 transporter. (illinois.edu)
The loss of MgtB in the synthesis mutant background confers a synthetic phenotype, confirming that Mg21 and polyamines are required for the same process(es). (illinois.edu)
Mutants lacking PaeA are also attenuated, but deleting paeA has no phenotype in a polyamine synthesis mutant background. (illinois.edu)

In addition, polyamine blocking therapy, a strategy that combines the inhibition of polyamine biosynthesis with the simultaneous blockade of polyamine transport, can be more effective than therapies based on polyamine depletion alone and may involve an antitumour immune response. (nih.gov)
Research suggests that androgens increase skeletal muscle growth by modulating polyamine biosynthesis. (usu.edu)
7). This enzyme, like the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), is induced by proinflammatory cytokines and bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), resulting in enhanced enzyme activity and increased polyamine biosynthesis (8,9). (herts.ac.uk)
Inhibition of polyamine biosynthesis impairs the phagocytic capacity of macrophages (10) and can block macrophage activation by tumour necrosis factor (11). (herts.ac.uk)
DFMO inhibits the polyamine biosynthesis pathway, which plays a role in the inflammatory responses in autoimmune diseases, including type 1 diabetes. (medscape.com)

There are three common types of polyamines, putrescine, spermidine, hermospermine according to structure, universal distribution in all cellular compartments, and presumed involvement in physiological activities. (wikipedia.org)
Spermidine and spermine, kinds of polyamine, are found in reducing cadmium toxicity in rice. (wikipedia.org)
Cultures were treated with anabolic hormones (trenbolone acetate and/or estradiol), polyamine precursors (methionine or ornithine), or polyamines (putrescine, spermidine, or spermine). (usu.edu)

Advances in our understanding of the metabolism and molecular functions of polyamines and their alterations in cancer have led to resurgence in the interest of targeting polyamine metabolism as an anticancer strategy. (nih.gov)

Growth regulatory effects of cyclic AMP and polyamine depletion are dissociable in cultured mouse lymphoma cells. (rupress.org)
Thus, polyamine depletion may lead to a regulatory growth arrest in S49 cells. (rupress.org)
The hypothesis that cAMP-induced arrest results from polyamine depletion is not tenable, because the arrest could not be reversed by addition of exogenous polyamines, and because cellular polyamine levels do not drop in dibuturyl cyclic AMP (Bt2cAMP)-arrested cells. (rupress.org)
DFMO diminishes ODC activity and augments SAMD activity in both untreated and Bt2cAMP-treated cells, leading to polyamine depletion in both cases. (rupress.org)
We hypothesize that ZIKV induced alternative splicing of the SAT1 gene generates an enzyme that is nonfunctional allowing robust virus infection by disrupting polyamine depletion. (luc.edu)

Polyamines provide protection against heavy metals such as inhibiting Cadmium uptake or its entry into the cells because exogenous polyamines are mainly allocated to the apoplast. (wikipedia.org)
Recently, exogenous polyamines have been shown to inhibit NO production in LPS-activated J774 cells (12) and by isolated neuronal NO synthase (13). (herts.ac.uk)

In the past, however, the main role of polyamines was originally assumed to be as direct protective compounds important under stress conditions because of their cationic nature (-) at physiological pH. (wikipedia.org)
The goal of this article is to review the role of polyamines in mental disorders and epilepsy within a frame of the possible link between these two brain pathologies. (uniroma3.it)

The activity of polyamines can be categorized to some parts due to its signalling and growing activity. (wikipedia.org)

Polyamines (PAs) are small, positively charged, organic molecules that are ubiquitous in all living organisms. (wikipedia.org)
Polyamines are small positively charged alkylamines that are essential in a number of crucial eukaryotic processes, like normal cell growth and development. (uniroma3.it)
Polyamines are small, positively charged molecules that are found in all eukaryotic cells. (luc.edu)

Abstract: Polyamines are plant growth regulators that have been previously associated to plantresponses to abiotic stress. (iobc-wprs.org)

In this study we have tested an idea on the important role of amine oxidases (semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase, diamine oxidase, polyamine oxidase) as an additional source of oxidative/carbonyl stress under glycerol-induced rhabdomyolysis, since the enhanced formation of reactive oxygen species and reactive carbonyl species in a variety of tissues is linked to various diseases. (ukrbiochemjournal.org)
We have found in vivo the multiple rises in activity of semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase, diamine oxidase, polyamine oxidase (2-4.5 times) in the corresponding cell fractions, whole cells or their lysates at the 3-6th day after glycerol injection. (ukrbiochemjournal.org)
However, these effects required relatively high concentrations of polyamines compared to those found in plasma and in intact cells (14), and appear to be due to aldehyde metabolites resulting from polyamine oxidation by the amine oxidase present in calf serum (15-17). (herts.ac.uk)
Involvement of polyamine oxidase inwound healing. (chinaagrisci.com)

Polyamines, which are the key compounds in plant physiology, play essential role in cell proliferation, growth and differentiation. (wikipedia.org)
polyamines are compounds that are involved in a complex signaling system and have a key role in the regulation of stress tolerance. (wikipedia.org)
This feature of polyamine makes it possible to interact with negatively charged macromolecules, stabilizing and protecting compounds under stress condition. (wikipedia.org)
Among them, polyamines (PAs) are well-studied natural compounds that can elicit numerous positive responses in drought-stressed plants. (frontiersin.org)

Increasing knowledge of the interplay between polyamine metabolism and other cancer-driving pathways, including the PTEN-PI3K-mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1), WNT signalling and RAS pathways, suggests potential combination therapies that will have considerable clinical promise. (nih.gov)
These findings open up new avenues of research into exploiting aberrant polyamine metabolism for anticancer therapy. (nih.gov)
In this contest, the modulation of polyamine metabolism may be a novel important target for the prevention and therapeutic treatment of these diseases that have a high impact on the costs of public health and considerably affect quality of life. (uniroma3.it)
Barley HOMOCYSTEINE METHYLTRANSFERASE 2 confers drought tolerance by improving polyamine metabolism. (bvsalud.org)

The global Polyamine market size was valued at USD 740.56 million in 2021 and is expected to expand at a CAGR of 5.54% during the forecast period, reaching USD 1023.5 million by 2027. (digitaljournal.com)
Global " Polyamine Market " (2022-2027) research report provides an in-depth market evaluation by highlighting information on various aspects covering global drivers, barriers, opportunities, threats and markets including progress trends, competitive landscape analysis, and expansion status of key regions. (digitaljournal.com)
With tables and figures helping analyze worldwide Global Polyamine market trends, this research provides key statistics on the state of the industry and is a valuable source of guidance and direction for companies and individuals interested in the market. (digitaljournal.com)
Global Polyamine Market is segmented in various types and applications according to product type and category. (digitaljournal.com)
So, to bring about the required changes several global polyamine key players like Silverline Chemicals, Veera Fragrances , Hindustan Mint & Agro Products, G.J. Chemical, Anderson Development Co., Lackwerke Peters, and Coamong are developing strategies to bring about future growth in the market through being available in food and beverage market. (exactitudeconsultancy.com)

A modified aliphatic polyamine curing agent recommended for high solids coatings with a long pot life. (atul.co.in)

Furthermore, some polyamines like putrescine inhibit biosynthetic activities in plants. (wikipedia.org)

The activities of the polyamine-synthesizing enzymes ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) and S-adenosyl methionine decarboxylase (SAMD) are both reduced in Bt2cAMP-treated cells to about 10% of that in control populations, as shown previously. (rupress.org)

This invention relates to a process for controlling pitch deposition from pulp in papermaking systems which comprises adding to the pulp an effective amount of water-soluble quaternized polyamine ionene polymers. (justia.com)

Amifostine metabolites WR-1065 and the disulfide WR-33278are thiol-containing polyamine analogues with potent radio- and chemoprotective properties. (aacrjournals.org)
Polyamines are multifunctional stress metabolites of plants. (ukrbiochemjournal.org)
Polyamines (PAs) are unique polycationic metabolites in living cells. (edu.au)

Treatment of mouse lymphoma S49 cells with D,L-alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), an inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase, depleted cellular polyamine levels and stopped cell growth. (rupress.org)

In case of Arabidopsis) Since polyamines perform essential roles for growth in all organisms, and most polyamine biosynthetic genes are present in at least two copies in plants, break-out of single gene mutants can cause critical stress in plant. (wikipedia.org)
Despite these results, polyamine mutationsresult in an overcompensation by other biosynthetic genes rending unexpected polyamineprofiles. (iobc-wprs.org)

Polyamine is found in all cellular compartments and physiological activities due to their simple structures. (wikipedia.org)
However, information on the effect of exo-genous polyamines on plant resistance to high temperatures is contradictory, and it remains unclear which signal mediators are involved in the realization of their physiological effects. (ukrbiochemjournal.org)
Polyamines are physiological cellular constituents essential for cell growth and differentiation, and regulate a multitude of cellular functions (1-4). (herts.ac.uk)
In normal physiological conditions, intracellular polyamine content is tightly regulated through a fine regulated network of biosynthetic and catabolic enzymes and a transport system. (uniroma3.it)

New insights into molecular mechanisms linking dysregulated polyamine catabolism and carcinogenesis suggest additional strategies that can be used for cancer prevention in at-risk individuals. (nih.gov)
We can assume that biogenic amine and polyamine catabolism by amine oxidases is upregulated by oxidative and carbonyl stress factors directly under rhabdomyolysis progression, and the increase in catabolic products concentration contributes to tissue damage in glycerol-induced acute renal failure and apoptosis stimulation in thymus. (ukrbiochemjournal.org)

Terpyridine-Polyamine Bridging Ligand (dint)" Encyclopedia , https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/7211 (accessed November 29, 2023). (encyclopedia.pub)

Here, we report the involvement of polyamine oxidases (PAOs) in ethylene-induced H2O2 production in guard cells. (chinaagrisci.com)

Recent studies suggest that one way the virus does this is by splicing the polyamine regulatory enzymes' genes before they can be transcribed. (luc.edu)

The hypothesis that polyamine-mediated growth arrest is effected via modulation of cAMP levels or cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity was also shown to be incorrect, because a S49 variant deficient in cAMP-dependent protein kinase was arrested by DFMO. (rupress.org)

The function of polyamine is very diverse in that it performs a key macromolecule to cellular membrane. (wikipedia.org)
Polyamines (PAs), as a class of active small molecules, widely participate in various cellular activities. (ashs.org)

To assess the role of the polyamine transport system in radioprotection by amifostine derivatives, human DU-145 prostate cancer cells were transfected with a cDNA that encodes antizyme (OAZ), a polyamine-inducible protein that suppresses polyamine transport under control of a minimal heat shock promoter. (aacrjournals.org)
These data demonstrate that negative regulation of the polyamine transporter, mediated by polyamines or antizyme, suppresses the uptake and radioprotective activity of amifostine derivatives. (aacrjournals.org)
Selective exclusion of amifostine derivatives by the polyamine transporter could account for differential radio- or chemoprotection in normal versus neoplastic tissues in specific situations. (aacrjournals.org)
SAT1 acetylates polyamines to form acetyl derivatives leading to degradation or excretion of the polyamines and therefore, rendering them useless to the virus. (luc.edu)

Polyamine levels are regulated by several different enzymes, including SAT1. (luc.edu)

Rakesh Minocha, Rajtilak Majumdar, Subhash C. Minocha, Polyamines and abiotic stress in plants: a complex relationship. (wikipedia.org)
Speculation: Polyamines are important in abiotic stress signaling. (wikipedia.org)
Brassinosteroids (BRs) and polyamines (PAs) are widely used to overcome abiotic stresses including salinity stress (NaCl) in plants. (scirp.org)

Selected clones expressing OAZ displayed heat shock-dependent suppression of polyamine uptake. (aacrjournals.org)

These polyamines can bind to diverse types of proteins non-specifically, and this make it possible to the conjugation of polyamines to photosynthetic complexes and proteins is catalyzed by transglutaminase and leads to enhanced photosynthetic activity under stress conditions. (wikipedia.org)

Studies of polyamines and antimetastatic ruthenium complexes - influence on nucleic acid structure and function. (lu.se)

Here, we show that in Salmonella, polyamine levels and Mg21 levels are coordinately regulated and that this regulation is critical for viability under both low and high concentrations of polyamines. (illinois.edu)

In order to better understand the roles of polyamine in plant resistance, a fast analyticalmethod for underivatized polyamines has been developed. (iobc-wprs.org)

Increasing demand for aromatic polyamines in end-use industries such as automotive, construction, and textiles due to their properties such as heat resistance, corrosion resistance, and dimensional stability and rising demand for aromatic polyamines from emerging economies of the Asia Pacific and Latin America due to the growth of these regions' economies and increasing population are the factors that are majorly influencing the growth of the market. (exactitudeconsultancy.com)

Background : Gastrointestinal motility modulatory factors include substances of the intestinal content, such as polyamines and trace amines (TAs), the focus of this study. (foodandnutritionresearch.net)

This report is a comprehensive numerical analysis of the Polyamine industry and provides data to make strategies for increasing market growth and success. (digitaljournal.com)
The report also estimates market size, Price, Revenue, margin of profit and Polyamine Market Share, cost structure and growth rates for decision making. (digitaljournal.com)
We tested two hypotheses regarding the relationship of growth arrest mediated by polyamine limitation to that mediated by cyclic AMP (cAMP). (rupress.org)
Due to growth in population and rising disposable income, there is an increase in demand for aromatic polyamines, which raises the cost of luxury goods and delicious foods. (exactitudeconsultancy.com)

Even though polyamines carry out important roles like soothing and ameliorating in rice physiology, its catabolic products can cause stress damage. (wikipedia.org)
With ubiquitous presence, absolute necessity for cell survival, and their presence in relatively large quantities, it is difficult to explain the accurate roles of polyamines in plant stress. (wikipedia.org)
Especially, the mechanism of polyamines in plant stress is not fully identified. (wikipedia.org)

Because of their essential roles in plant, mutation of polyamines can cause critical damage on plants. (wikipedia.org)

In the medium term, the decline in export shipments, project delays, and poor domestic demand for Aromatic Polyamine in contrast to pre-covid-19 levels is likely to negatively impact and slightly stagnant demand for Aromatic Polyamine. (exactitudeconsultancy.com)
The dysregulation of this network is frequently associated to different tumors, where high levels of polyamines has been detected. (uniroma3.it)
Polyamines also modulate ion channels and ionotropic glutamate receptors and altered levels of polyamines have been observed in different brain diseases, including mental disorders and epilepsy. (uniroma3.it)
in response to a virus infecting a host cell, the host cell will begin to regulate polyamine levels as a way to combat the infection. (luc.edu)
Indeed, sensitivity to high concentrations of polyamines is proportional to the Mg21 levels in the medium. (illinois.edu)

The analysis is based on LC coupledto MS/MS by using additives to ion-pair polyamines. (iobc-wprs.org)

Polyamines can be considered supplementary defensive shielding molecules, important to protect the brain from the development of epilepsy and mental illnesses that are caused by different types of neurons. (uniroma3.it)

Binding of -Acetylspermidine Analogues to Histone Deacetylase 10 Reveals Molecular Strategies for Blocking Polyamine Deacetylation. (anl.gov)

Aromatic polyamine as seen have been playing a vital role in several end use sectors, but due to adverse effect of it on various food and beverages it has been restricted of application in this sector by the regulatory authorities. (exactitudeconsultancy.com)
Aromatic polyamine market has been playing a significant role in several end use markets, but due to some restriction from the regulatory authorities the use of aromatic polyamine has been restricted in the food and beverage sector. (exactitudeconsultancy.com)

Conclusions : Polyamines and TAs of the intestinal content might act on chemosensors and modulate intestinal peristalsis. (foodandnutritionresearch.net)

Enzo Agostinelli, Professor of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology at Sapienza University of Rome, is the new president of the International Polyamines Foundation Onlus. (polyaminesfoundation.org)
Polyamines in biology and medicine / edited by David R. Morris, Laurence J. Marton. (who.int)

Polyamines are organic cations that are important in all domains of life. (illinois.edu)

Polyamines (PAs) are important plant bioregulators commonly used in fruit production systems. (ishs.org)

Understanding the Effects of Trenbolone Acetate, Polyamine Precursors," by Laura A. Motsinger, Lillian L. Okamoto et al. (usu.edu)
The use of aromatic polyamines in a variety of applications, including wines, flavoured foods, and cosmetics is restricted due to adverse effects of synthetic food scent, such as allergies. (exactitudeconsultancy.com)

Organisms1

Chemicals and Drugs24

Phenomena and Processes1

Synthesis14

Biosynthesis5

Spermidine3

Targeting polyamine metabolism1

Depletion5

Exogenous2

Role of polyamines2

Activity of polyamines1

Positively charged3

Abstract1

Oxidase4

Compounds4

Metabolism4

Global Polyamine5

Aliphatic1

Putrescine1

Methionine1

Polymers1

Metabolites3

Ornithine decarboxylase1

Biosynthetic genes2

Physiological4

Catabolism2

20231

Oxidases1

Genes1

DFMO1

Cellular2

Derivatives4

Enzymes1

Abiotic3

Uptake1

Proteins1

Complexes1

Regulation1

Plant resistance1

Resistance1

Substances1

Growth4

Stress3

Roles1

Levels5

Additives1

Molecules1

Strategies1

Regulatory2

Content1

Biology2

Organic1

Important1

Effects2