• absorb
  • Randomly arranged, inhomogeneous media containing pigments are colored, because the pigments absorb the diffusely scattered light in a restricted wavelength range. (pnas.org)
  • Photopigments are unstable pigments that undergo a chemical change when they absorb light. (wikipedia.org)
  • The pigments in photoreceptor proteins either change their conformation or undergo photoreduction when they absorb a photon. (wikipedia.org)
  • Some of the inorganic pigments such as vermilion (mercury sulfide) or cadmium yellow (cadmium sulfide) absorb light by transferring an electron from the negative ion (S2−) to the positive ion (Hg2+ or Cd2+). (wikipedia.org)
  • Heme
  • In other cases, the photodynamic substances may be produced in the body itself due to inborn errors in pigment metabolism, especially those involving the heme synthesis. (wikipedia.org)
  • found
  • Our 'biophotosensor' is based on the purplish bacteriorhodopsin (bR) pigment found in the cell membrane of Halobacterium salinarum , 1 a bacterium that thrives in extremely high salt concentrations. (spie.org)
  • A 'micromouse' robot with two biophotosensors (dotted circle) based on the bacteriorhodopsin (bR) pigment found in the microorganism Halobacterium salinarum. (spie.org)
  • X-hitting was found to be a good tool in the rapid screening of crude pigment extracts. (biomedsearch.com)
  • Betalains are a class of red and yellow indole-derived pigments found in plants of the Caryophyllales, where they replace anthocyanin pigments. (wikipedia.org)
  • They include pigments such as those found in beets. (wikipedia.org)
  • The particular shades of red to purple are distinctive and unlike that of anthocyanin pigments found in most plants. (wikipedia.org)
  • Bilin (also called bilichrome) was named as a bile pigment of mammals, but can also be found in lower vertebrates, invertebrates, as well as red algae, green plants and cyanobacteria. (wikipedia.org)
  • structures
  • Pigment color differs from structural color in that it is the same for all viewing angles, whereas structural color is the result of selective reflection or iridescence, usually because of multilayer structures. (wikipedia.org)
  • coloration
  • Whereas the biological purpose of the colorful displays is relatively well understood ( 1 , 2 ), the coloration mechanisms of the birds' displays and the connection to the visual system of the animals are poorly explored. (pnas.org)
  • structural
  • For example, butterfly wings typically contain structural color, although many butterflies have cells that contain pigment as well. (wikipedia.org)
  • species
  • Computerized screening for novel producers of Monascus-like food pigments in Penicillium species. (biomedsearch.com)
  • Monascus pigments were discovered in the extracts of two closely related species of Penicillium that were only distantly related to the genus Monascus. (biomedsearch.com)
  • Thus, the present study brought out two novel promising sources of yellow, orange, and purple-red Monascus-like food pigments in the species of Penicillia that do not produce citrinin and opened the door to look for several more new promising sources of natural food colorants in the species of Penicillia. (biomedsearch.com)
  • fungi
  • In the present study, we screened for novel producers of Monascus-like pigments from ascomycetous filamentous fungi belonging to Penicillium subgenus Biverticillium that are not reported to produce citrinin or any other known mycotoxins. (biomedsearch.com)
  • Related biological pigments are present in other fungi, such as calostomal (from Calostoma cinnabarinum), melanocrocin (from Melanogaster broomeianus), and mycenaaruin A (from Mycena aurantiomarginata). (wikipedia.org)
  • chemical
  • A new method for analysing biological samples based on their chemical makeup is set to transform the way medical scientists examine diseased tissue. (phys.org)
  • These pigments enter a high-energy state upon absorbing a photon which they can release in the form of chemical energy. (wikipedia.org)
  • tissues
  • In some cases (Type I), pigments are excreted through urine or deposited in hard tissues such as bones and teeth, causing discolouration. (wikipedia.org)
  • electron
  • Scientists from the caesar research center, an Institute of the Max Planck Society, have explained, with the help of electron microscopy, how the pigment. (innovations-report.com)
  • light
  • Algal phototrophs such as dinoflagellates use peridinin as a light harvesting pigment. (wikipedia.org)
  • citation needed] Photosynthetic pigment (converting light into biochemical energy). (wikipedia.org)
  • Fugitive pigments fade over time, or with exposure to light, while some eventually blacken. (wikipedia.org)
  • The appearance of pigments is intimately connected to the color of the source light. (wikipedia.org)
  • Pure pigment allows very little white light to escape, producing a highly saturated color. (wikipedia.org)
  • A small quantity of pigment mixed with a lot of white binder, however, will appear desaturated and pale, due to the high quantity of escaping white light. (wikipedia.org)
  • This is significant because all oxygenic phototrophs have a particular risk of oxidative damage initiated by singlet oxygen (1O2), which is produced when their own light-harvesting pigments act as photosensitizers. (wikipedia.org)
  • cells
  • In spiders, ommochromes are usually deposited as pigment granules within the cells of the hypodermis, immediately beneath the cuticle. (wikipedia.org)
  • present
  • The algorithm searched for the most similar UV-vis spectra of the metabolites (cross hits) present in the pigment extracts to those of the selected reference metabolites viz. (biomedsearch.com)
  • characteristic
  • The common presence of a characteristic distribution pattern of the fossil pigments and related polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons further suggests that this assemblage is the result of a stepwise degradation of hypericin via a general diagenetic pathway. (royalsocietypublishing.org)
  • Albino animals have characteristic pink or red eyes because the lack of pigment in the iris allows the blood vessels of the retina to be visible. (wikipedia.org)
  • processes
  • Categories In general, biosignatures and habitable environment signatures can be grouped into ten broad categories: Stable isotope patterns: Isotopic evidence or patterns that require biological processes. (wikipedia.org)