TyrosineResiduesProcess of oxidative phosphorylationKinasesMechanismPathwayProteinInhibitionSubstrate-level phosphoryMyosin lightRole of phosphorylationRegulatesDephosphorylationKinase activityMitochondrialMass spectrometryInhibitsVivoProteinsNegativelyContributesGlycolysisRegulationResidueMeCP2MetabolismSpecificityInactivationMembraneOccursTumorThreonineLipidRegulatoryBiochemistryTransporterInhibitStimulationCellsIncreasesNuclearDownstreamTranscriptionalEnzymaticActivityContrastMechanismsDeterminesInteractionReceptorGeneticPhosphateSitesCarbon
Tyrosine7
- Phosphorylation of receptor serine/threonine residues has been proposed to exert an inhibitory influence on receptor tyrosine kinase activity and Ser 1327 and Thr 1348 have been identified as specific sites of phosphorylation in the insulin receptor COOH terminal domain. (jci.org)
- In addition, a phosphotyrosine-specific antibody was used to monitor receptor tyrosine phosphorylation. (jci.org)
- Moreover, within each group there was no correlation between the level of tyrosine kinase activity and the extent of serine/threonine phosphorylation. (jci.org)
- It is concluded that the stoichiometry of serine/threonine phosphorylation of insulin receptor in vivo is low, and that increased phosphorylation of Ser 1327 or Thr 1348 is not responsible for the decreased insulin receptor tyrosine kinase activity observed in the skeletal muscle of NIDDM patients. (jci.org)
- As a mechanism to control EGFR phosphorylation at the plasma membrane, receptor endocytosis and vesicular trafficking relocalizes activated, phosphorylated EGFR to perinuclear compartments rich in Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases (PTPs), such as PTPN1, which dephosphorylate and inactivate the receptor. (tu-dortmund.de)
- Using single cell measurements of phosphorylation of the EGFR downstream signaling tyrosine residue Y1068, we generated a spatial-temporal reactivity map to identify local phosphatase activity. (tu-dortmund.de)
- This study investigates the relevance of β-catenin tyrosine phosphorylation for Wnt signalling and intestinal tumorigenesis in vivo. (eur.nl)
Residues5
- One of the regulatory mechanisms that modulate the Cdk5 kinase activity is phosphorylation of conserved residues ( Dhavan and Tsai, 2001 ). (frontiersin.org)
- To address the potential negative regulatory role of phosphorylation of these residues in vivo, we assessed the extent of phosphorylation of each site in insulin receptor isolated from the skeletal muscle of 12 NIDDM patients and 13 nondiabetic, control subjects. (jci.org)
- Together with recent findings that excitability governs the participation of neurons in a memory circuit, this result suggests that the memory type supported by neurons may depend critically on the phosphorylation of specific K[superscript +] channels at single residues. (ed.gov)
- β-PMA-induced phosphorylation of SERT occurs initially on serine residues(s) and then on threonine residue(s). (aspetjournals.org)
- Phosphorylation of any one of the three conserved Ser residues situated in the central linker region of Lgl is sufficient for its binding to the Dlg guanylate kinase (GK) domain. (bvsalud.org)
Process of oxidative phosphorylation2
Kinases6
- Most, if not all, of the mitotic processes are regulated by a set of mitotic protein kinases that control protein activity by phosphorylation. (nih.gov)
- Although many mitotic phosphorylation events have been identified in proteome-scale mass spectrometry studies, information on how these phosphorylation sites are distributed within mitotic protein complexes and which kinases generate these phosphorylation sites is largely lacking. (nih.gov)
- Rho-kinase regulates a second pathway that involves activation of LIM-kinases (LIMKs) and subsequent phosphorylation and inactivation of cofilin, an actin dynamizing protein. (uni-muenchen.de)
- Phosphorylation of K[superscript +] channels by kinases has long been presumed to regulate neuronal processing and behavior. (ed.gov)
- Protein phosphorylation is a biological process that regulates most aspects of cellular life, and the enzymes that catalyze this reaction - protein kinases - constitute the largest family of enzymes encoded by the human genome. (lu.se)
- Cyclin-dependent kinases are regulated by phosphorylation and dephosphorylation events. (bvsalud.org)
Mechanism7
- Here, we show that in the mouse striatum, dopamine receptor stimulation negatively regulates phosphorylation of Tyr15-Cdk5 most likely through a D2R-mediated mechanism. (frontiersin.org)
- These results highlight stabilization of a phosphorylation-induced conformational trap as an essential mechanism for phosphoregulation of bacterial translation and metabolism. (whiterose.ac.uk)
- We propose that this mechanism may lead to the multisite phosphorylation state observed during dormancy and stationary phase. (whiterose.ac.uk)
- The mechanism of oxidative phosphorylation. (eurekamag.com)
- Conclusions: A thus far unknown mechanism was uncovered in which Y654 phosphorylation of β-catenin facilitates additional phosphorylation at serine 675 by PKA. (eur.nl)
- The crystal structures of the Dlg4 GK domain in complex with two phosphor-Lgl2 peptides reveal the molecular mechanism underlying the specific and phosphorylation -dependent Dlg/Lgl complex formation. (bvsalud.org)
- Comment: Mechanism: inhibition of phosphorylation process. (medscape.com)
Pathway7
- The results indicate that lipid kinase-mediated phosphorylation is an important basis for ATP use in the exocytotic pathway. (nih.gov)
- Houle, F., Poirier, A., Dumaresq, J. and Huot, J. (2007) DAP Kinase Mediates the Phosphorylation of Tropomyosin-1 Downstream of the ERK Pathway, Which Regulates the Formation of Stress Fibers in Response to Oxidative Stress. (scirp.org)
- The signaling pathway Rho-kinase/LIMKs/cofilin phosphorylation during platelet activation and the question, how the phosphorylation of cofilin affects the actin dynamics underlying platelet activation, has not previously been studied. (uni-muenchen.de)
- Translation elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu) is methylated and phosphorylated in response to nutrient starvation upon entering stationary phase, and its phosphorylation is a crucial step in the pathway toward sporulation. (whiterose.ac.uk)
- Harrington says her study "found that mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation is important for the differentiation of pathogenic, autoreactive Th17 effector CD4 T cells and that inhibition of this pathway suppressed Th17 development and Th17 mediated autoimmunity. (uab.edu)
- Glycophorin A was the most affected protein in sickle RBCs by this ERK1/2 pathway, which contained 12 unique phosphorylated peptides, suggesting that in addition to its effect on sickle RBC adhesion, increased glycophorin A phosphorylation via the ERK1/2 pathway may also affect glycophorin A interactions with band 3, which could result in decreases in both anion transport by band 3 and band 3 trafficking. (duke.edu)
- For instance, it can be activated by oncogenic mutations of PTEN, VHL, the RAS/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and the phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. (spandidos-publications.com)
Protein20
- Protein phosphorylation often activates (or deactivates) many enzymes. (wikipedia.org)
- Allosteric activation by glucose 6-phosphate, which acts as an effector, stimulates glycogen synthase, and glucose 6 phosphate may inhibit the phosphorylation of glycogen synthase by cyclic AMP-stimulated protein kinase. (wikipedia.org)
- We used systematic protein-affinity purification combined with mass spectrometry to identify 1818 phosphorylation sites in more than 100 mitotic protein complexes. (nih.gov)
- ANNOUNCEMENT * 2010 SYMPOSIUM ON PLANT PROTEIN PHOSPHORYLATION BOND LIFE SCIENCES CENTER COLUMBIA, MISSOURI, USA MAY 26-28, 2010 DESCRIPTION: The Symposium on Plant Protein Phosphorylation provides an interdisciplinary research venue for scholars studying protein modification as it relates to a broad range of biological questions and using a variety of plant species. (bio.net)
- The symposium, which is being hosted by MU's Interdisciplinary Plant Group, is part of an ongoing series of international meetings on protein phosphorylation in plants. (bio.net)
- This year's Symposium will include a special event recognizing the leadership and scientific contributions of Professor Douglas Randall to the field of protein phosphorylation in plants. (bio.net)
- Here we show that methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MeCP2) phosphorylation at Ser421 (pMeCP2) is essential for the sustained, but not the rapid, antidepressant effects of ketamine and scopolamine in mice. (nature.com)
- Glutamate inputs activate Cdk5, which inhibits postsynaptic dopamine D1 receptor (D1R)-mediated signaling by phosphorylating DARPP-32 at Thr75 (Thr75-DARPP-32) in the striatum, since DARPP-32 with Thr75 phosphorylation (DARPP-32-pThr75) functions as an inhibitor of cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA). (frontiersin.org)
- Background: Tropomyosin 1 alpha chain (Tm1) is an actin-binding protein that regulates the endothelial cell response to oxidative stress following its phosphorylation at Serine 283 (S283). (scirp.org)
- These results suggest that NO contributes to L-LTP by stimulating guanylyl cyclase and cGMP-dependent protein kinase, which acts in parallel with PKA to increase phosphorylation of the transcription factor CREB. (jneurosci.org)
- We provide structural and biophysical evidence that phosphorylation of EF-Tu at T382 acts as an efficient switch that turns off protein synthesis by decoupling nucleotide binding from the EF-Tu conformational cycle. (whiterose.ac.uk)
- BAD (Bcl-2 antagonist of cell death, Bcl-2 associated death promoter) is a pro-apoptotic member of the Bcl-2 protein family that is regulated by phosphorylation in response to survival factors. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
- Although much attention has been devoted to the identification of phosphorylation sites in murine BAD (mBAD), little data are available with respect to phosphorylation of human BAD (hBAD) protein. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
- Phosphorylation of hBAD by active RAF promotes 14-3-3 protein association, whereby the phosphoserine 99 represents the major binding site. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
- Results: This study provided in vivo evidence that β-cateninE654 is characterised by reduced affinity for cadherins, increased signalling and strongly increased phosphorylation at serine 675 by protein kinase A (PKA). (eur.nl)
- Protein kinase C (PKC)-mediated phosphorylation of SERT occurs on the plasma membrane during the initial phase of rapid transporter inhibition, and later, the phosphorylated SERT enters the intracellular pool. (aspetjournals.org)
- Proteomic analysis of ERK1/2-mediated human sickle red blood cell membrane protein phosphorylation. (duke.edu)
- RESULTS: To further characterize global ERK1/2-induced changes in membrane protein phosphorylation within human RBCs, a label-free quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis was applied to sickle and normal RBC membrane ghosts pre-treated with U0126, a specific inhibitor of MEK1/2, the upstream kinase of ERK1/2, in the presence or absence of recombinant active ERK2. (duke.edu)
- An overall aim of our research is to study the regulation and function of protein phosphorylation cascades that are important for the maintenance of a normal energy metabolism and that might be involved in the pathophysiological changes that ultimately lead to type 2 diabetes. (lu.se)
- M2.2 protein interferes with MAVS and inhibits IRF7 phosphorylation. (cdc.gov)
Inhibition4
- In this specific case, inhibition of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation impeded the emergence of autoreactive, pathogenic Th17 cells and instead promoted the generation of Treg that can suppress chronic inflammation and autoimmunity. (uab.edu)
- I think when my student repeated the principle finding that inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation blocked Th17 differentiation and promoted the emergence of Foxp3+ Treg cells more than five times. (uab.edu)
- The initial serine phosphorylation corresponded to the first phase of rapid inhibition mediated by changes in intrinsic activity and/or silencing of SERT. (aspetjournals.org)
- The later phosphorylation on threonine residue(s) corresponded to the later phase of sustained inhibition mediated by an enhanced endocytosis of SERT. (aspetjournals.org)
Substrate-level phosphory1
- ATP is also synthesized by substrate-level phosphorylation during glycolysis. (wikipedia.org)
Myosin light2
- The level of myosin light chain (MLC) phosphorylation is an important determinant of smooth muscle contraction. (hindawi.com)
- One of the well established Rho-kinase-mediated signaling pathways is the phosphorylation of myosin light chain (MLC) and its counteracting MLC phosphatase. (uni-muenchen.de)
Role of phosphorylation1
- In the present study, we investigated the role of phosphorylation of Tm1 in regulating its tumor suppressor properties. (scirp.org)
Regulates4
- The phosphorylation of MLC primarily regulates the force production and maintenance in the smooth muscle [ 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
- In these cells, LRRK2 regulates innate immune pathways and it is activated after membrane damage leading to the phosphorylation of the Rab GTPases Rab8A and Rab10. (biorxiv.org)
- Harrington's study, "Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation Regulates the Fate Decision between Pathogenic Th17 and Regulatory T Cells," was recently published in the journal Cell Reports . (uab.edu)
- Mechanistically, we showed that oxidative phosphorylation regulates the strength of the T cell receptor signal and that this subsequently controls the induction of the key transcription factor BATF. (uab.edu)
Dephosphorylation2
- EA caused a significant increase in the MLC dephosphorylation and MLCK phosphorylation levels in the group compared to the sham EA and model groups. (hindawi.com)
- It is suggested that the phosphorylation of MLC catalyzed by Ca 2+ -calmodulin- (CAM-) dependent MLCK and dephosphorylation catalyzed by MLCP help regulate the contraction and relaxation of smooth muscle [ 8 , 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
Kinase activity2
- Although we did not identify any highly Clb2-specific substrates, we found that Clb2-Cdk1 possessed higher intrinsic kinase activity than Clb5-Cdk1, enabling efficient phosphorylation of a broad range of mitotic Cdk1 targets. (nature.com)
- The finding of large increases in the autophosphorylation and calmodulin-binding to CaM kinase II with only slight increases in the amount of antibody-binding suggests that CS2 exposure results in increased Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent phosphorylation of proteins by inducing an increase in kinase activity. (cdc.gov)
Mitochondrial4
- A rare mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation disorder characterized by early onset of severe developmental delay (sometimes with regression of developmental milestones) and intellectual disability, poor or absent speech, and hypotonia. (orpha.net)
- Mitochondrial function or the ability to generate energy through OXPHOS (oxidative phosphorylation) is vital for cell homeostasis and its dysfunction has been linked to the pathogenesis of nearly all chronic diseases ( Pieczenik and Neustadt, 2007 ). (frontiersin.org)
- Glucose is the major substrate for ATP synthesis through glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), whereas intermediary metabolism through the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle utilizes non-glucose-derived monocarboxylates, amino acids, and alpha ketoacids to support mitochondrial ATP and GTP synthesis. (molvis.org)
- Honestly, the whole study was based on the unexpected finding that mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation is essential early for promoting Th17 cell differentiation and suppressing the emergence of regulatory CD4 T (Treg) cells. (uab.edu)
Mass spectrometry1
- Using mass spectrometry we identified in this work, besides the established in vivo phosphorylation sites at serines 75, 99 and 118, several novel hBAD phosphorylation sites (serines 25, 32/34, 97, 124 and 134, Chapter 3.1). (uni-wuerzburg.de)
Inhibits2
- ERK-mediated S98 phosphorylation inhibits assembly of G-actin complexes on the MRTF-A regulatory RPEL domain, promoting nuclear import. (elifesciences.org)
- Conclusively, WPE inhibits H. pylori -induced STAT3 phosphorylation in a PPAR-γ and SOCS1-dependent manner. (nuthealth.org)
Vivo2
- Phosphorylation of Clb5-specific targets during S phase was reduced by replacing Clb5 with Clb2 or by mutating the substrate RXL motif, confirming the importance of Clb5 specificity in vivo . (nature.com)
- Figure 3: Clb5-specific substrate phosphorylation occurs in vivo . (nature.com)
Proteins7
- In a subsequent in-depth analysis of key mitotic regulatory complexes with the Aurora kinase B (AURKB) inhibitor Hesperadin and a new Polo-like kinase (PLK1) inhibitor, BI 4834, we determined the kinase dependency for 172 phosphorylation sites on 41 proteins. (nih.gov)
- In addition, using surface plasmon resonance technique we analyzed the direct consequences of hBAD phosphorylation by RAF with respect to complex formation of BAD with 14-3-3 proteins and Bcl-XL. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
- This pore-forming capacity is dependent on phosphorylation status and interaction with 14-3-3 proteins. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
- Phosphorylation is a ubiquitous post-translational modification of proteins, and a known physiological regulator of K[superscript +] channel function. (ed.gov)
- Carbon disulfide inhalation increases Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase phosphorylation of cytoskeletal proteins in the rat central nervous system. (cdc.gov)
- The Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent phosphorylation of neuronal cytoskeletal proteins was studied in brain supernatants prepared from rats exposed via inhalation to 600 or 800 ppm carbon disulfide (CS2) for 14 days. (cdc.gov)
- Exposure to CS2 resulted in increased phosphorylation of endogenous MAP-2 and exogenously added neurofilament triplet proteins. (cdc.gov)
Negatively1
- By negatively regulating EGFR phosphorylation, we deduced the role of PTPN2/PTPRJ in determining signal duration: a function that is coupled to vesicular trafficking. (tu-dortmund.de)
Contributes2
- Therefore, spinal AMPA receptor phosphorylation contributes to the mechanisms underlying stress-induced pain transition. (jneurosci.org)
- Conclusion: Phosphorylation of Tm1 at Ser283 contributes to its anti-tumor properties, and this effect results mainly from an increase in cell adhesion associated with a decrease in their migratory and invasive potentials. (scirp.org)
Glycolysis3
- Phosphorylation initiates the reaction in step 1 of the preparatory step (first half of glycolysis), and initiates step 6 of payoff phase (second phase of glycolysis). (wikipedia.org)
- Phosphorylation functions is an extremely vital component of glycolysis, as it helps in transport, control, and efficiency. (wikipedia.org)
- We never would have predicted that result given the dogma in the literature states Th17 cells require glycolysis and Treg utilize oxidative phosphorylation to function. (uab.edu)
Regulation7
- Zerradi, M. , Houle, F. and Huot, J. (2015) Regulation of Breast Cancer Progression by Phosphorylation of the Tumor Suppressor Tropomyosin-1 Alpha. (scirp.org)
- Simoneau, B., Houle, F. and Huot, J. (2012) Regulation of Endothelial Permeability and Transendothelial Migration of Cancer Cells by Tropomyosin-1 Phosphorylation. (scirp.org)
- Phosphorylation thus plays positive and negative roles in regulation of MRTF-A. (elifesciences.org)
- Psychostimulants induce rapid and robust phosphorylation of MeCP2 at Ser421 (pMeCP2), a site that is thought to modulate MeCP2-dependent chromatin regulation (Cohen et al, 2011), and this phosphorylation event is selectively induced in the GABAergic interneurons of the nucleus accumbens (NAc). (duke.edu)
- To further analyze the regulation of hBAD function, we investigated the role of these newly identified phosphorylation sites on BAD-mediated apoptosis. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
- Collectively, our findings provide new insights into the regulation of hBAD function by phosphorylation and its role in cancer signaling. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
- The regulation of HIF-1α occurs at the posttranslational level involving modifications of hydroxylation, acetylation and phosphorylation ( 3 - 7 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Residue1
- Furthermore, we identified hBAD serine 134 to be strongly involved in survival signaling in B-RAF-V600E containing tumor cells and found phosphorylation of this residue to be crucial for efficient proliferation in these cells. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
MeCP21
- Fig. 6: Pirenzepine upregulates MeCP2 phosphorylation and increases release probability. (nature.com)
Metabolism2
- Phosphorylation of glucose is a key reaction in sugar metabolism. (wikipedia.org)
- Liver cells are freely permeable to glucose, and the initial rate of phosphorylation of glucose is the rate-limiting step in glucose metabolism by the liver. (wikipedia.org)
Specificity1
- Here we compare the specificity of two budding yeast cyclins, the S-phase cyclin Clb5 and the M-phase cyclin Clb2, in the phosphorylation of 150 Cdk1 (Cdc28) substrates. (nature.com)
Inactivation1
- We analyze how phosphorylation leads to inactivation of Escherichia coli EF-Tu. (whiterose.ac.uk)
Membrane2
- Notably, the membrane damaging agent LLOMe triggered LRRK2-dependent Rab8A and Rab10 phosphorylation primarily in GM-CSF differentiated macrophages. (biorxiv.org)
- Through quantitative imaging of EGFR phosphorylation upon genetic perturbations of classical PTPs and EGFR-PTP interactions, we identified endoplasmic reticulum (ER) associated PTPN2 and plasma membrane associated receptor-like PTPRG/J as strong, direct negative regulators of EGFR. (tu-dortmund.de)
Occurs2
- It occurs in ten steps and proves that phosphorylation is a much required and necessary step to attain the end products. (wikipedia.org)
- Cellular respiration (oxidative phosphorylation) occurs in the mitochondria, where a series of enzymes catalyze the transfer of electrons to molecular oxygen and the generation of energy-storing adenosine triphosphate (ATP). (msdmanuals.com)
Tumor1
- Phosphorylation-dependent interaction between tumor suppressors Dlg and Lgl. (bvsalud.org)
Lipid1
- These results indicate that the C-terminal part of hBAD controls hBAD function by structural transitions, lipid binding and phosphorylation. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
Regulatory4
- In many complexes, the phosphorylation sites were concentrated on a few subunits, suggesting that these subunits serve as "switchboards" to relay the kinase-regulatory signals within the complexes. (nih.gov)
- However, phosphorylation of the FK linker appears to be an important regulatory determinant of FKBP52-mediated potentiation of steroid receptor activity. (unboundmedicine.com)
- The phosphorylation of smooth muscle regulatory light chain by MLCK is the basic requirement for smooth muscle contraction and hollow organ physiological activities [ 10 ]. (hindawi.com)
- Importantly, blockade of oxidative phosphorylation led to the emergence of Foxp3+ regulatory CD4 T (Treg) cells. (uab.edu)
Biochemistry1
- In biochemistry, phosphorylation is the attachment of a phosphate group to a molecule or an ion. (wikipedia.org)
Transporter2
- Phosphorylation allows cells to accumulate sugars because the phosphate group prevents the molecules from diffusing back across their transporter. (wikipedia.org)
- Together, these data reveal that in platelets, SERT function is regulated by PKC in a biphasic manner involving both trafficking-dependent and independent mechanisms and that these two events occur at distinct phases of transporter phosphorylation. (aspetjournals.org)
Inhibit1
- Walnut polyphenol extracts inhibit Helicobacter pylori-induced STAT3Tyr705 phosphorylation through activation of PPAR-γ and SOCS1 induction. (nuthealth.org)
Stimulation2
- We here report that Cdk5 with Tyr15 phosphorylation (Cdk5-pTyr15) is enriched in the mouse striatum, where dopaminergic stimulation inhibited phosphorylation of Tyr15-Cdk5 by acting through the D2 class dopamine receptors. (frontiersin.org)
- Factor B produces several-fold stimulation of ATP-driven Nad reduction, and of net phosphorylation coupled to Nadh or succinate oxidation in ammonia particles. (eurekamag.com)
Cells2
- Fresh walnut polyphenol extracts (WPE) were found to suppress the phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) induced by H. pylori infection in RGM-1 gastric mucosal cells. (nuthealth.org)
- Notably, H. pylori infection significantly decreased suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1), but WPE induced expression of SOCS1, by which the suppressive effect of walnut extracts on STAT3 Tyr705 phosphorylation was not seen in SOCS1 KO cells. (nuthealth.org)
Increases1
- In addition, in contrast to the current belief that β-catenin Y654 phosphorylation increases tumour progression to a more invasive phenotype, these results show that it rather increases tumour initiation by enhancing Wnt signalling. (eur.nl)
Nuclear2
- The MRTFs also undergo Rho- and ERK-dependent phosphorylation, but the function of MRTF phosphorylation, and the elements and signals involved in MRTF-A nuclear export are largely unexplored. (elifesciences.org)
- We show that Rho-dependent MRTF-A phosphorylation reflects relief from an inhibitory function of nuclear actin. (elifesciences.org)
Downstream1
- Although the role of few PTPs in regulating EGFR phosphorylation is known, it is unclear how PTPs that are spatially segregated in distinct cellular compartments, modulate EGFR autocatalytic activation and hence its downstream signaling. (tu-dortmund.de)
Transcriptional1
- We map multiple sites of serum-induced phosphorylation, most of which are S/T-P motifs, and show that S/T-P phosphorylation is required for transcriptional activation. (elifesciences.org)
Enzymatic1
- Enzymatic diagnosis of oxidative phosphorylation defects on muscle biopsy: Better on tissue homogenate or on a mitochondria-enriched suspension? (medscimonit.com)
Activity3
- In addition, stress hormones enhanced GluA1 phosphorylation and AMPA receptor-mediated electrical activity in the spinal cord. (jneurosci.org)
- The roles of PEP3/PtdInsTP and PEP1/PtdInsP5K in sequential phosphoinositide recruitment and phosphorylation explains their synergistic activity in ATP-dependent priming. (nih.gov)
- In contrast, S33 phosphorylation potentiates the activity of an autonomous Crm1-dependent N-terminal NES, which cooperates with five other NES elements to exclude MRTF-A from the nucleus. (elifesciences.org)
Contrast2
- In contrast, phosphorylation of serine 99 in combination with 14-3-3 association suppresses formation of channels. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
- We found that in contrast to the N-terminal phosphorylation sites, the C-terminal serines 124 and 134 act in an anti-apoptotic manner (Chapter 3.4). (uni-wuerzburg.de)
Mechanisms1
- Thus, Clb5 and Clb2 use distinct mechanisms to enhance the phosphorylation of S-phase and M-phase substrates. (nature.com)
Determines1
- Our results showing that only dephosphorylated (activated) cofilin binds with F-actin support previous observations that the state of cofilin phosphorylation determines its association with F-actin. (uni-muenchen.de)
Interaction1
- Additionally, we show that the interaction of the C-terminal segment of hBAD with the BH3 domain results in the formation of permanently open pores, whereby the phosphorylation of serine 118 proved to be necessary for effective pore-formation. (uni-wuerzburg.de)
Receptor2
- Here we showed that social defeat stress enhanced plantar incision-induced AMPA receptor GluA1 phosphorylation at the Ser831 site in the spinal cord and greatly prolonged plantar incision-induced pain. (jneurosci.org)
- Phosphorylation of Ser 1327 and Thr 1348 was determined using antibodies that specifically recognize insulin receptor phosphorylated at these sites. (jci.org)
Genetic1
- Increase in the lactate:pyruvate ratio distinguishes oxidative phosphorylation defects from other genetic causes of lactic acidosis. (msdmanuals.com)
Phosphate4
- During aerobic respiration, ATP is synthesized in the mitochondrion by addition of a third phosphate group to adenosine diphosphate (ADP) in a process referred to as oxidative phosphorylation. (wikipedia.org)
- Phosphorylation takes place in step 3, where fructose-6-phosphate is converted to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate. (wikipedia.org)
- While phosphorylation is performed by ATPs during preparatory steps, phosphorylation during payoff phase is maintained by inorganic phosphate. (wikipedia.org)
- The phosphorylation of glucose can be enhanced by the binding of fructose 6-phosphate (F6P), and lessened by the binding fructose 1-phosphate (F1P). (wikipedia.org)
Sites1
- Although circumstantial evidence has accumulated from behavioral studies of vertebrates and invertebrates, the contribution to memory of single phosphorylation sites on K[superscript +] channels has never been reported. (ed.gov)
Carbon1
- The cascade effect of phosphorylation eventually causes instability and allows enzymes to open the carbon bonds in glucose. (wikipedia.org)