Neuroendocrine cells. Medical search. Frequent questions

Neuroendocrine tumors are neoplasms of the neuroendocrine cells, located in the intestinal tract and pancreas. (news-medical.net)
This article provides a guide to the performance and interpretation of 68 Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT and describes its role in the diagnostic algorithm of neuroendocrine neoplasms and its overall utility in their management. (snmjournals.org)
Neuroendocrine neoplasms exhibit variable symptomatology, such as tumor mass effects or the biologic consequences of the bioactive amine secretion, frequently delaying diagnosis. (snmjournals.org)
Somatostatin receptor (SSR) imaging offers an opportunity to identify receptor-expressing neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) ( 2 , 3 ). (snmjournals.org)
4. Neuroendocrine neoplasms of the larynx: an overview. (nih.gov)
20. Neuroendocrine neoplasms of the larynx: advances in identification, understanding, and management. (nih.gov)
Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are a heterogeneous group of rare neoplasms that originate from neuroendocrine cells. (globenewswire.com)
Proteotranscriptomic classification and characterization of pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms. (sfu.ca)

High-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas of the lung are classified into two categories: large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) and small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC). (medscape.com)
In fact, there are borderline high-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas that morphologically fall between LCNEC and SCLC. (medscape.com)
Of those, the SCLC-like subset is characterized by concurrent inactivating mutations in TP53 and loss of RB1 that are typically seen in SCLC, whereas the non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)-like subset frequently harbors molecular alterations that are usually seen in NSCLC. (medscape.com)
The morphologic types include low-grade typical carcinoid, intermediate-grade atypical carcinoid and high-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas that are further classified into large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC), and small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC). (medscape.com)
Of the high-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas, SCLC harbors a distinct biology and clinical course. (medscape.com)
SCLC is found almost exclusively in smokers and has a rapid doubling time and a more aggressive clinical course than non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), with the majority presenting at stage IV. (medscape.com)
1 The World Health Organisation classify LCNEC as a neuroendocrine carcinoma, while its management and clinical phenotype have often been considered to be consistent with small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC). (nature.com)
LCNEC has been classified as a neuroendocrine carcinoma that appears to confer a SCLC clinical phenotype. (nature.com)
Although large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) of the lung shares many clinical characteristics with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC), little is known about its molecular features. (nih.gov)
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a recalcitrant cancer as defined by its five-year relative survival rate of less than seven percent and the loss of approximately 30,000 lives per year. (nih.gov)
Adults age 18 and older who had EGFR-mutated non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) that was treated and now transformed to SCLC or another neuroendocrine tumor. (nih.gov)
People with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) may develop hyperpigmentation. (medicalnewstoday.com)
SCLC occurs when smaller lung cells begin to grow out of control. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Amanda Linkous Ph.D., scientific center manager for the NCI Center for Cancer Systems at Vanderbilt, spoke about the value of 3D cell culture for research into the biology of small cell lung cancer (SCLC). (corning.com)
Human cerebral organoids support a number of SCLC tumor cell lines, both neuroendocrine and non-neuroendocrine. (corning.com)
They also allow SCLC tumor cell proliferation and maintain tumor heterogeneity and phenotype as found in patients. (corning.com)
Small cell lung cancer SCLC is an aggressive neuroendocrine subtype of lung cancer withhigh mortality. (dtic.mil)
We found that tricyclic antidepressantsand related molecules potently induce apoptosis in both chemonave and chemoresistant SCLC cells. (dtic.mil)
The candidate drugs activate stress pathways and induce cell death in SCLC cells, atleast in part by disrupting autocrine survival signals involving neurotransmitters and theirG protein-coupled receptors. (dtic.mil)

Along with squamous and small cell lung cancers, large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) now represents an area of unmet need, particularly hampered by the lack of an encompassing pathological definition that can facilitate real-world and clinical trial progress. (nature.com)
Pulmonary giant cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) is an unusual kind of non-small cell lung most cancers (NSCLC) with an incidence of roughly 3% of all lung most cancers diagnoses. (inacj.com)
Affiliation between native immune cell infiltration, mismatch restore standing and systemic inflammatory response in colorectal most cancers. (inacj.com)
Given Zepzelca triggers a cascade of events that can affect the activity of DNA binding proteins - including transcription factors and DNA repair pathways - we look forward to analyzing Zepzelca's activity in additional difficult-to-treat cancers where driver oncogenes are actively transcribed and DNA repair mechanisms are inefficient, such as urothelial carcinoma, large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the lung and HRD-positive tumors. (biospace.com)
Lung cancers with EGFR mutations may develop resistance to therapies targeting this protein by evolving/being transformed into small cell or neuroendocrine cancers. (nih.gov)
Small cell carcinoma of the prostate is rare, accounting for less than 1% of all prostate cancers . (medscape.com)
Boj provided evidence from studies on PDOs in colorectal cancers, showing they retained cell markers and phenotypes from the primary tumor. (corning.com)
According to the ACS, basal cell carcinoma makes up 80 percent of non-melanoma skin cancers, and squamous cell carcinomas account for about 20 percent. (healthywomen.org)
About 95% of pancreatic cancers begin in exocrine cells . (cancer.gov)

This article uses the comparative test method and sample collection method to collect the medical records of patients with neuroendocrine tumors diagnosed by pathology from July 2010 to January 2018 in the First Affiliated Hospital of X City and analyze the samples with gender and age. (hindawi.com)
These experiments identify novel targeted strategies that can berapidly evaluated in patients with neuroendocrine tumors through the repurposing of approved drugs. (dtic.mil)

Although neuroendocrine differentiation in lung tumours has been described in several papers since the 1970s, defining criteria were first proposed in 1991. (nature.com)
Murine monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) HISL-5, -9, and -14, generated after immunization of mice with human pancreatic islet cell preparations, recognize a differentiation antigen expressed by the pancreatic islet cells. (unisi.it)
Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the ileocecal junction with well differentiation adenocarcinoma. (nel.edu)
Wang X, Li Y, Feng H, Wang C, Chen J, Liu L. Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the ileocecal junction with well differentiation adenocarcinoma. (nel.edu)
Small cell carcinoma of the prostate is a high-grade malignant neoplasm with neuroendocrine differentiation. (medscape.com)

No universally agreed-upon algorithm exists in the radiologic investigation of pancratic neuroendocrine (islet cell) tumors of the pancreas. (medscape.com)
It is of great practical importance for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of malignant neuroendocrine tumors of the pancreas in the future. (hindawi.com)

These MAbs react strongly with all endocrine cell subtypes of human pancreatic islets, but minimally if at all with the exocrine acinar cells, vascular cells, and stromal connective tissue cells of the pancreas. (unisi.it)
Pancreatic cancer can develop from two kinds of cells in the pancreas: exocrine cells and neuroendocrine cells, such as islet cells. (cancer.gov)
Pancreatic cancer is a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the tissues of the pancreas. (cancer.gov)
The digestive juices are made by exocrine pancreas cells and the hormones are made by endocrine pancreas cells . (cancer.gov)
The process used to find out if cancer cells have spread within and around the pancreas is called staging . (cancer.gov)

Growing evidence suggests that carcinoid tumors are biologically distinct from high-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas given the significant differences in clinical behavior and molecular alterations as well as possible precursor lesions and association with other histologic types between the two groups. (medscape.com)
A high grade neuroendocrine carcinoma that arises from the endometrium. (beds.ac.uk)

Here, we report a case of gastric collision tumour with large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. (ecancer.org)

ErbB2 appears to play an important role in neuroendocrine tissues and is probably involved in the development and functional regulation of these cells. (nih.gov)
May be involved in processes specific for neurosecretory granules, such as their biogenesis, trafficking or regulated exocytosis or may have a general role in neuroendocrine functions. (joplink.net)

Islet cell tumors in this group are often multiple and malignant. (medscape.com)
Imaging allows the analysis and production of malignant neuroendocrine tumors. (hindawi.com)

Lung tumors with neuroendocrine morphology by light microscopy consist of a spectrum of tumor types with different biology and clinical features. (medscape.com)
The proximal to the cardial lesion showed neuroendocrine morphology and immunoreactivity for synaptophysin, and the other a moderated tubular adenocarcinoma Borrmann type III. (ecancer.org)
In the Kcne2 potassium channel ancillary subunit knockout model, disruption of this gene induces achlorhydria and is related to reduced parietal cell protein secretion and abnormal parietal cell morphology. (medscape.com)

What are gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) and who do they affect? (news-medical.net)
The 2022 SNMMI Henry N. Wagner, Jr., Abstract of the Year was given to research presented on a targeted radionuclide alpha therapy, 225 Ac-DOTATATE, that has been shown to have long-term anti-tumor effects in patients with advanced-stage gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs). (appliedradiology.com)

These cells can be the source of several types of lung cancer, most notably small cell carcinoma of the lung, and bronchial carcinoid tumor. (wikipedia.org)
Examples of these clinical syndromes include carcinoid of midgut neuroendocrine tumors and insulinoma or glucagonoma of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. (news-medical.net)
Carcinoid syndrome is a rare clinical manifestation, commonly resulting from metastic or advanced neuroendocrine tumors of the midgut. (news-medical.net)
10. A comparison of paraganglioma, carcinoid tumor, and small-cell carcinoma of the larynx. (nih.gov)
Carcinoid tumors develop from hormone producing cells of the neuroendocrine system. (drugs.com)

Here hypothalamic neurosecretory cells release factors to the blood. (wikipedia.org)
Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA axis) Hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis (HPT axis) Hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis (HPG axis) Hypothalamic-neurohypophyseal system Pulmonary neuroendocrine cells (PNECs) are specialized airway epithelial cells that occur as solitary cells or as clusters called neuroepithelial bodies (NEBs) in the lung. (wikipedia.org)
The present study determined whether the serotonin 2A (5-HT 2A ) receptors in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus mediate the neuroendocrine responses to a peripheral injection of the 5-HT 2A/2C receptor agonist (−)DOI [(−)1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl)-2-aminopropane]. (jneurosci.org)
Thus, it is likely that 5-HT 2A receptors are present on neuroendocrine cells in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus. (jneurosci.org)
These data provide the first direct evidence that neuroendocrine responses to a peripheral injection of (−)DOI are predominantly mediated by activation of 5-HT 2A receptors in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus. (jneurosci.org)

Neuroendocrine cells are cells that receive neuronal input (through neurotransmitters released by nerve cells or neurosecretory cells) and, as a consequence of this input, release messenger molecules (hormones) into the blood. (wikipedia.org)
2006) due within this case for the opening of variety 2 ryanodine receptors (RyR2s), and once again we designated them syntillas as the ACCs are neurosecretory cells. (nicotinic-receptor.com)

[ 10 , 12 ] Even patients with pathologic stage IA LCNEC treated by complete resection have worse outcomes than those with non-neuroendocrine NSCLC. (medscape.com)
Large cell neuroendocrine lung carcinoma (LCNEC) is a rare lung cancer subtype for which progress in management has fallen behind the significant developments seen in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using targeted therapies and checkpoint inhibitors. (nature.com)
We performed targeted capture sequencing of all the coding exons of 244 cancer-related genes on 78 LCNEC samples [65 surgically resected cases, including 10 LCNECs combined with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) types analyzed separately, and biopsies of 13 advanced cases]. (nih.gov)
Subjects with initial diagnosis of EGFR-mutated non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) and histologically or cytologically confirmed transformation to small cell or neuroendocrine tumor following treatment with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor. (nih.gov)
It will compare vandetanib 100 mg plus pemetrexed (Alimta) 500 mg/m 2 against pemetrexed plus placebo as second-line treatment for locally advanced or metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after failure of first-line anticancer treatment. (cancernetwork.com)

Figure 2 Stomach, Glandular stomach, Neuroendocrine cell - Hyperplasia in a female F344/N rat from a chronic study (higher magnification of Figure 1). (nih.gov)
The cells separating the glands are immunopositive for Chromagranin A). Figure 6 Stomach, Glandular stomach, Neuroendocrine cell - Hyperplasia in a female F344/N rat from a chronic study (Sevier-Munger stain). (nih.gov)
Hyperplasia of the neuroendocrine cells consists of increased numbers of neuroendocrine cells in the mucosa. (nih.gov)
Hyperplasia of the neuroendocrine cells of the glandular stomach can be induced with histamine 2 blockers or proton pump inhibitors and was seen in the NTP chronic methyleugenol gavage study. (nih.gov)
Hyperplasia of the neuroendocrine cells of the glandular stomach is not seen as a background lesion. (nih.gov)
Neuroendocrine hyperplasia should be diagnosed and graded whenever present. (nih.gov)
Genetic ablation of a Na+/H+ exchanger (NHE2), which is expressed in the stomach at high levels, leads to a decrease in gastric acid secretion, along with decreased viability of parietal cells, severe metaplasia, and hyperplasia of the gastric mucosa. (medscape.com)

They can help slow the growth of neuroendocrine tumor cells. (cancer.org)
The morphologic features characteristic of the disease's pathology include small tumor cells with minimal cytoplasm, nuclear molding, fine chromatin pattern, extensive tumor necrosis/apoptosis, and a brisk mitotic rate. (medscape.com)
Tumor cells are targeted through inhibition of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and REarranged during Transfection (RET) tyrosine kinases, while blood supply is targeted through inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) tyrosine kinases. (cancernetwork.com)

Although nonfunctional islet cell tumors are not uncommon at autopsy, most islet cell tumors with clinical manifestations are functional. (medscape.com)
Clinical features of the syndrome depend on tumor cell type. (medscape.com)
Over the past 10 years, lung cancer clinical and translational research has been characterised by exponential progress, exemplified by the introduction of molecularly targeted therapies, immunotherapy and chemo-immunotherapy combinations to stage III and IV non-small cell lung cancer. (nature.com)
Clinical characteristic and prognostic factors in high-grade endometrial neuroendocrine carcinoma. (beds.ac.uk)
Since neuroendocrine cells have endocrine functions, neuroendocrine tumors can over-produce certain hormones, or bioactive proteins, resulting in several well-described clinical syndromes. (news-medical.net)
NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology (NCCN guidelines): Neuroendocrine and adrenal tumors. (medlineplus.gov)
The coordinating center grant was awarded in February 2017 and has a hub for models and molecular profiling, an extensive number of cell lines, and a clinical correlates database. (nih.gov)
This trial initiation is an exciting milestone for Zepzelca 's clinical development program, as we seek to evaluate its clinical utility beyond treating small cell lung cancer," said Rob Iannone , M.D., M.S.C.E., executive vice president, global head of research and development of Jazz Pharmaceuticals. (biospace.com)
In December 2021 , Jazz and PharmaMar announced the initiation of LAGOON, a confirmatory Phase 3 clinical trial of Zepzelca for the treatment of patients with relapsed small cell lung cancer. (biospace.com)
In clinical conditions, parietal cell dysfunction can be induced by antiparietal cell antibodies. (medscape.com)
Orano Med is a clinical-stage biotechnology company with the ambition to develop a new generation of targeted therapies against cancer using the unique properties of lead-212 ( 212 Pb), a rare alpha-emitting radioisotope and one of the more potent therapeutic payloads against cancer cells known as Targeted Alpha-Emmiter Therapy (TAT). (globenewswire.com)
However, 3D cell culture shows promise for personalized medicine solutions to optimize clinical treatment and facilitate scalability for faster, more efficient drug discovery and screening. (corning.com)

NENs are relatively rare tumors originating from ubiquitous neuroendocrine cells distributed throughout the body. (snmjournals.org)
Neuroendocrine tumors are unique and rare tumors originating from neuroendocrine cells. (nel.edu)

Concurrence of adenocarcinoma and large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the stomach is a rare condition. (ecancer.org)
[ 2 ] Another 25-40% of cases are initially diagnosed as prostatic adenocarcinoma and recur as small cell carcinoma after hormonal therapy. (medscape.com)
The median interval between initial diagnosis of prostatic adenocarcinoma and recurrence of small cell carcinoma is 25 months. (medscape.com)
Unlike prostatic adenocarcinoma, small cell carcinoma of the prostate may present with metastases in up to 25% of patients. (medscape.com)
The distribution of prostatic small cell carcinoma is similar to that of prostatic adenocarcinoma. (medscape.com)
The risk factors for prostatic small cell carcinoma are related to those for prostatic adenocarcinoma and include age, race, and family history. (medscape.com)
this finding is not surprising, since many patients actually have prostatic adenocarcinoma with a component of small cell carcinoma. (medscape.com)

Biopsy and marking confirmed disorganized tight cell clusters with irregular and outstanding nuclei and quite a few lymphocytes in line with LCNEC. (inacj.com)
This mixture of neuroendocrine and first lung tumor markers, along side the histology, confirmed the affected person's prognosis of LCNEC. (inacj.com)

Cure proportions were similar for all histopathological types except small cell carcinomas and were closely related to FIGO stage. (bmj.com)

The 2022 Virtual 3D Cell Culture Summit held this June brought together industry leaders and innovators to capture the explosion in 3D cell culture and its impact on the drug development process. (corning.com)

The mucosa is expanded by a pale focus of cells. (nih.gov)
some neuroendocrine cells have cytoplasmic extensions that reach the mucosa lumen. (nih.gov)
The distribution analysis of EUS characteristics of neuroendocrine tumor mucosa in each site was performed after operation, and the analysis of survival-related factors was performed during postoperative follow-up. (hindawi.com)

Using single cell RNA sequencing, we aim to identify which cellular processes are affected by type 2 diabetes and in which islet and small intestinal cell type this occurs. (lu.se)
We aim to identify type 2 diabetes-induced, cell type-specific alterations in islet and intestinal cells that explain why the disease develops. (lu.se)

For people with advanced pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), several medicines can help control symptoms and tumor growth. (cancer.org)
GEP-NETs stands for gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). (news-medical.net)
GEP-NETs are rare malignancies that arise from neuroendocrine cells and can be present all along the gastroinstesinal tract. (appliedradiology.com)

I am sure it is difficult having a rare form of cancer and I cannot pretend to even know what neuroendocrine small cell carcinoma involves, but I do know what surviving involves! (cancer.org)
I have Neuroendocrine Carcinoma, Non small cell type, lung primary (non-smoking related) with met to Brain. (cancer.org)
Leads from these studies are tested experimentally in cell models, primary cultures as well as in small and large animals. (lu.se)
Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the endometrium: a clinicopathologic study of six cases. (beds.ac.uk)
The majority of neuroendocrine tumors are from the gastrointestinal system, where a large proportion has a primary origin in the small intestines (midgut). (news-medical.net)
U01), and PAR-16-051, Innovative Approaches to the Prevention and Early Detection of Small Cell Lung Cancer (U01). (nih.gov)
Zepzelca is a prescription medicine used to treat adults with small cell lung cancer that has spread to other parts of the body (metastatic) and who have received treatment with chemotherapy that contains platinum, and it did not work or is no longer working. (biospace.com)
Small cell (neuroendocrine) prostate cancer. (facingourrisk.org)
Subjects should have received platinum-based chemotherapy with or without immunotherapy for small cell/neuroendocrine transformation or refused such therapy. (nih.gov)
Approximately 50% of patients have pure small cell carcinoma at initial presentation. (medscape.com)
[ 3 ] The overall risk of developing prostatic small cell carcinoma increases with age, with disease occurrence typically being in men older than 60 years. (medscape.com)
The genetic changes specific to prostatic small cell carcinoma have not been studied in great detail. (medscape.com)
Can small cell lung cancer cause hyperpigmentation? (medicalnewstoday.com)
Investigators are assessing BI 764532 in extensive-stage small cell lung cancer and other neuroendocrine carcinoma as part of the phase 2 DAREON-5 study. (cancernetwork.com)
ONCOLOGY spoke with Eric Ko, MD, PhD, who recently published a review article with his colleagues on strategies for combining radiation therapy with immunotherapy for the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer. (cancernetwork.com)
Data from the phase 3 KEYNOTE-091 trial supported the European Commission's approval of pembrolizumab as an adjuvant treatment for adults with non-small cell lung cancer at high risk of recurrence following complete resection and platinum-based chemotherapy. (cancernetwork.com)

Both lesions invaded serosa and lymph nodes metastases were found in 17 of 41 lymph nodes retrieved (one lymph node with neuroendocrine metastatic deposits). (ecancer.org)
Tissue samples from 12 normal pancreata, 7 surgical chronic pancreatitis cases, 21 primary pancreatic adenocarcinomas, 9 metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinomas, and 4 islet cell tumors were subjected to immunohistochemical examination using antibodies from three manufacturers. (nih.gov)

Cultured human islet cells and pancreatic cancer cell lines, as well as samples from the gastrointestinal tract, the CNS, and the adrenal gland were included in the study. (nih.gov)
For comparison, mammary cancer tissue and mammary cancer cells, as well as selected tissues from Syrian golden hamsters, were used. (nih.gov)
Pancreatic cancer cells, in vitro and in vivo, showed a remarkable heterogeneity in the immunostaining of ErbB2, ranging from very faintly to strongly stained. (nih.gov)
The concomitant expression of these factors and islet cell hormones very likely results in the activation of multiple growth-promoting pathways in pancreatic cancer and its aggressive behavior. (nih.gov)
Specialists have been critical about its use but to be fair even those less critical still confirm that alone it would not be trusted to formally diagnose Neuroendocrine Cancer. (ronnyallan.net)
One of the many observations I make in my private Neuroendocrine Cancer Facebook group is the misunderstandings caused by the use of non-standard terminology combined with a lack of understanding of what is up to date or not. (ronnyallan.net)
Three years after my large cell neuroendocrine cervical cancer diagnosis, I've defied the odds. (mdanderson.org)
Cancer cells may exploit elevated autophagy to survive low nutrient conditions, fuel proliferation, and escape the effects of chemotherapy and other treatments. (sfu.ca)
However, our understanding of the mechanisms by which cells utilize the autophagy pathway to promote both normal development and cancer progression is limited. (sfu.ca)
For information on endocrine pancreatic cancer, see the summary on Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors (Islet Cell Tumors) Treatment . (cancer.gov)

Pancreatic islet cells are part of the diffuse neuroendocrine system of the gut and pancreatic endocrine system. (medscape.com)
Islet cells commonly are referred to as APUD cells, a name derived from their high amine content and capacity for amine precursor uptake with decarboxylation. (medscape.com)

Pulmonary neuroendocrine cells are also known as Kulchitsky cells or K cells. (wikipedia.org)

OHSU specialists understand the complexity of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, also called PNETs. (ohsu.edu)

Tissue microarrays had been ready from surgical specimens and additional processed and analyzed for native immune cell infiltration utilizing multispectral imaging with a Vectra quantitative pathology imaging system and Inform software program. (inacj.com)

In addition, rats and mice in the methyleugenol study had an increase in neuroendocrine tumors of the glandular stomach. (nih.gov)

In this way they bring about an integration between the nervous system and the endocrine system, a process known as neuroendocrine integration. (wikipedia.org)

The epidermis itself has four layers: the stratum corneum, the granular layer, the squamous cell layer and the basal cell layer. (healthywomen.org)
The squamous cell layer produces keratin for the stratum corneum and also transports water. (healthywomen.org)
This is where squamous cells are produced and where the cells that produce melanin, or skin pigment, reside. (healthywomen.org)

Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors can overproduce hormones such as insulin (insulinoma), gastrin (gastrinoma), glucagon (glucagonoma), or vasoactive peptide protein (VIPoma). (news-medical.net)
They start in cells that make hormones such as insulin and glucagon to control blood sugar. (ohsu.edu)

Voltage-dependent calcium channels (CaV channels) are multisubunit transmembrane proteins that are mediators of entry of extracellular calcium ions into cells of nerve, muscle, and endocrine tissues [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)

An example of a neuroendocrine cell is a cell of the adrenal medulla (innermost part of the adrenal gland), which releases adrenaline to the blood. (wikipedia.org)
The adrenal medullary cells are controlled by the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system. (wikipedia.org)
2012). We also found comparable events in mouse adrenal chromaffin cells (ACCs) (ZhuGe et al. (nicotinic-receptor.com)

Immunohistochemistry was optimistic for neural cell adhesion molecule CD56 and synaptophysin, which was indicative of neuroendocrine origin. (inacj.com)

Pancreatic islet cell tumors may secrete 2 or more polypeptide hormones. (medscape.com)
These cells synthesize, store, and secrete various circulating hormones and neurotransmitters ( Table 1 ) ( 6 ). (snmjournals.org)

These cells are modified postganglionic neurons. (wikipedia.org)
In neurons and neuroendocrine cells this depolarization induces the opening of plasmalemmal voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels (VDCCs), which generate nano- or microdomains of relatively higher intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+ ]i ) within the vicinity of docked, NOP Receptor/ORL1 Agonist Biological Activity primed vesicles (Neher Sakaba, 2008). (nicotinic-receptor.com)
These neurons are then integrated into the network of neurons and glia responsible for the timely secretion of GnRH into the pituitary portal circulation, which carries the neurohormone into the anterior pituitary, where it stimulates the release of gonadotropins from specialized cells, the gonadotropes. (karger.com)

This trial will evaluate the safety and effectiveness of 212 Pb-DOTAMTATE (AlphaMedix™) in Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy (PRRT) of naive patients with somatostatin receptor-expressing neuroendocrine tumors (NET). (globenewswire.com)

By mediating changes in intracellular free calcium, CaV channels act as key mediators of signaling events such as cell depolarization, neurotransmitter and neuropeptide secretion, and regulation of gene expression [ 3 , 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
These cells express multiple isoforms of CaV, yet only the CaV1 channels are coupled to CRH- or depolarization-stimulated secretion of ACTH [ 9 , 10 ]. (hindawi.com)

Immunotherapy with inhibitors of T-cell checkpoints have shown durable efficacy in a variety of malignancies. (endocrine-abstracts.org)

The major center of neuroendocrine integration in the body is found in the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland. (wikipedia.org)
This area controls most anterior pituitary cells and thereby regulates functions in the entire body, like responses to stress, cold, sleep, and the reproductive system. (wikipedia.org)
They are carried by portal vessels to the pituitary cells where they may stimulate, inhibit, or maintain the function of a particular cell type. (wikipedia.org)
Neuroendocrine tumor Neuroendocrinology Neurohormone Chromophobe cell Melanotroph Chromophil Acidophil cell Basophil cell Oxyphil cell Oxyphil cell (parathyroid) Pituitary gland Malenka RC, Nestler EJ, Hyman SE (2009). (wikipedia.org)
Our results demonstrate a novel, isoform-specific localization of CaV1 channels during cell division and suggest a possible role for these channels in the calcium-dependent events underlying mitotic progression in pituitary corticotrophs. (hindawi.com)
The pituitary corticotroph cell line, AtT-20, is a well-established model system for studies of ACTH secretion. (hindawi.com)
Besides the pancreatic islets, HISL-5, -9, and -14 antigenic determinants are also expressed by thyroid follicular cells, parathyroid chief cells, and anterior pituitary cells, other commonly involved targets in organ-specific autoimmune disorders. (unisi.it)
However, ectopic ACTH syndrome occurs when cells outside the pituitary gland produce ACTH in large quantities. (medicalnewstoday.com)

The mucosal glands are separated by smaller cells with fine cytoplasmic vacuoles. (nih.gov)
Parietal cells have large mitochondria with short microvilli and a cytoplasmic canaliculi system in contact with the lumen. (medscape.com)

In addition to local damage, the pro-inflammatory macrophages release cytokines/chemoattractants and prime adaptive immune cell responses In some cases, this lead to cytokine release syndromes including macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) 7 , followed by respiratory and even multi-organ failure 5 . (nature.com)

2004), exactly where we discovered quantal, focal Ca2+ release events by means of ryanodine receptors (RyRs) from intracellular Ca2+ shops which were similar to Ca2+ sparks in muscle cells (Cheng et al. (nicotinic-receptor.com)
More recent data show that cells of the two systems possess receptors that are identical. (nih.gov)
Among their various functions, semaphorins and their receptors play a key role in the central neuroendocrine regulation of reproduction by controlling the establishment of the neural circuitry responsible for the secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), a decapeptide that acts as the 'master molecule' controlling fertility. (karger.com)

As the tumor has developed from hormone producing cells other symptoms can be due to excess release of hormones including facial flushing, diarrhea, wheezing, skin problems and peripheral edema. (drugs.com)

It has successfully completed the subject of surgical strategy and prognosis of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors based on smart medical image analysis. (hindawi.com)
Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (islet cell tumors) are less common but have a better prognosis. (cancer.gov)

Overall, the age-adjusted incidence of neuroendocrine tumors increased sixfold from 1973 (1.09 per 100,000) to 2012 ((6.98 per 100,000), possibly because of increased early detection. (medscape.com)

What is large cell neuroendocrine lung carcinoma? (nature.com)
The diversity of CaV channel genes allows for a large number of channel isoforms, and these different isoforms are often expressed in the same cell. (hindawi.com)
It is composed of large polygonal cells arranged in well-demarcated nests, trabeculae or cords with peripheral palisading. (beds.ac.uk)
The three cohorts are: patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma, large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the lung, or HRD tumors who have progressed on a platinum-containing regimen. (biospace.com)
Large cell neuroendocrine tumors have been found. (nel.edu)
In general, M1φ cells destroy pathogens by producing a large amount of pro-inflammatory cytokines. (nature.com)
This is when cells that should not produce the ACTH hormone begin to do so in large volumes. (medicalnewstoday.com)
These are also easily scalable, so researchers can create hundreds of them from stem cells for screening large numbers of drug combinations, concentrations, and time points. (corning.com)

Inflammation Gets on the Lung's Nerves: IL-17 and Neuroendocrine Cells Mediate Ozone Responses in Obesity. (nih.gov)

In neuroendocrine cells, a similar coupling between CaV1 channels and release machinery is thought to underlie secretion of peptides such as insulin, growth hormone, or ACTH [ 7 , 8 ]. (hindawi.com)
Acid secretion by gastric epithelial cells is related to the physiologic function of oxyntic cells, which are called parietal cells. (medscape.com)
Parietal cells are responsible for the secretion of hydrochloric acid and also produce intrinsic factor. (medscape.com)
In addition, abnormal hormone secretion can alter parietal cell function. (medscape.com)
Alterations in the development of this neuroendocrine system lead to anomalous or absent GnRH secretion, resulting in heterogeneous reproductive disorders such as congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH) or other conditions characterized by infertility or subfertility. (karger.com)

Parietal cells are mainly present in the gastric corpus and fundus, although complete mapping in the human stomach is not fully known. (medscape.com)
In a gastrin knockout model, achlorhydria is present because of the inactivation of enterochromaffinlike (ECL) cells and parietal cells. (medscape.com)
Shh acts as a signaling molecule in the stomach epithelial patterning, and loss of Shh results in defective parietal cells, leading to hypochlorhydria and subsequent hypergastrinemia. (medscape.com)
Chronic inflammatory changes related to gastric Helicobacter pylori infection can also induce parietal cell changes. (medscape.com)

Dysfunctional immune responses contribute critically to the progression of Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19), with macrophages as one of the main cell types involved. (nature.com)
The progression from mild to severe disease or death is principally attributed to dysfunctional immune responses 2 , 3 coupled with viral damage of target cells. (nature.com)

Anatomy40

Organisms8

Diseases35

Chemicals and Drugs79

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment14

Psychiatry and Psychology3

Phenomena and Processes28

Disciplines and Occupations4

Information Science3

Neoplasms8

SCLC19

Cancers9

Patients with neuroendocrine tumors2

Differentiation5

Tumors of the pancreas2

Pancreas5

High-grade neuroendocrine2

Carcinoma and adenocarcinoma1

Role in neuroendocrine2

Malignant2

Morphology3

Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine2

Carcinoid5

Hypothalamic5

Neurosecretory cells2

NSCLC5

Hyperplasia7

Tumor cells3

Clinical12

Rare tumors2

Adenocarcinoma7

LCNEC2

Carcinomas1

20221

Mucosa3

Intestinal2

NETs3

Small16

Metastatic2

Cancer10

Islet cells2

Pulmonary1

PNETs1

Pathology1

Mice1

Endocrine system1

Squamous3

Hormones such as insulin2

Tissues1

Adrenal3

Synaptophysin1

Secrete2

Neurons3

Somatostatin1

Depolarization2

Immunotherapy1

Pituitary8

Cytoplasmic2

Syndromes1

Receptors3

Symptoms1

Prognosis2

Incidence1

Large8

Obesity1

Secretion5

Parietal4

Responses2