Transhydrogenases catalyse interconversion of the redox cofactors NADH and NADPH, thereby conveying metabolic flexibility to balance catabolic NADPH formation with anabolic or stress-based consumption of NADPH. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are NADPH and NAD + , whereas its two products are NADP + and NADH . (wikipedia.org)
NAD(P) transhydrogenases (NTHs) catalyse hydride ion transfer between NAD(H) and NADP(H). Membrane-bound NTH isoforms reside in the cytoplasmic membrane of bacteria, and the inner membrane of mitochondria in metazoans, where they generate NADPH. (northumbria.ac.uk)
To explore this hypothesis, I will conduct experiments to: (1) quantify the levels of NADP + , NADPH, NAD + , and NADH in WT, mtdB , mtdB fdh1 , and mtdB fdh2 and (2) manipulate nucleotide ratios with overexpression and deletion of the pntAB and udhA genes. (uw.edu)
NTHs1
NAD(P) transhydrogenases (NTHs) are enzymes that catalyse the reversible hydride ion transfer between NAD(H) and NADP(H). They exist as soluble (EC 1.6.1.1) and membrane-bound (EC 1.6.1.2) isoforms. (pberghei.eu)
Enzymes1
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and its phosphorylated form (NADP) are vital for cell function in all organisms and form cofactors to a host of enzymes in catabolic and anabolic processes. (northumbria.ac.uk)
Hydride1
domain II, which contains the membrane-spanning helices, and domain III, which binds NADP(H). Functional domains I and III together facilitate hydride transfer between NAD(H) and NADP (H), whereas domain II facilitates proton translocation across the lipid bilayer in which the NTH protein is embedded. (pberghei.eu)
Nicotinamide1
Fission and fusion occurs when partial proteins fuse to form a single polypeptide, such as in nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenases. (wikipedia.org)
Single1
Genome analysis shows that Plasmodium species encode a single, conserved membrane-bound NAD(P) transhydrogenases (NTH). (pberghei.eu)
Nucleotide3
Fission and fusion occurs when partial proteins fuse to form a single polypeptide, such as in nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenases. (wikipedia.org)
Mitochondrial NADPH generation is largely dependent on the inner-membrane nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase (NNT), which catalyzes the reduction of NADP + to NADPH utilizing the proton gradient as the driving force and NADH as the electron donor. (arizona.edu)
Soluble pyridine nucleotide transhydrogenases (STHs) are flavoenzymes involved in the redox homeostasis of the essential cofactors NAD(H) and NADP(H). They catalyze the reversible transfer of reducing equivalents between the two nicotinamide cofactors. (bvsalud.org)