• Skeletal muscle cells and cardiac muscle cells both contain myofibrils and sarcomeres and form a striated muscle tissue. (wikipedia.org)
  • We hypothesize that either small changes in cell composition during ageing may affect the epigenetic age of a tissue, or that our epigenetic clocks for mice need further refinement" says Shahragim Tajbakhsh. (pasteur.fr)
  • In general, heart-muscle cells may help repair an injured heart by replacing lost tissue, making them intriguing to scientists who study how lost or damaged tissue or organs could be regenerated . (livescience.com)
  • Scientists have shown that, contrary to prevailing wisdom, muscles contain stem cells that can repair, replace and strengthen injured tissue. (thenakedscientists.com)
  • Dubbed "satellite cells" because these small round bodies usually loiter at the edges of muscles, when injected into an injured muscle they can rapidly begin to divide, producing more stem cells and new muscle tissue. (thenakedscientists.com)
  • The threads are made of the same proteins the human body uses to heal wounds, and when seeded with muscle cells, they act as a scaffold for the construction of healthy tissue. (popsci.com)
  • Traumatic muscle injuries often don't heal well because scar tissue can prevent them from functioning properly. (popsci.com)
  • And for muscle regeneration techniques to work, the tissue must align properly, or the muscles won't contract. (popsci.com)
  • And the microthreads seemed to simulate native wound healing, signaling other cells to migrate to the wound area and grow new tissue in the right alignment. (popsci.com)
  • The researchers believe the microthreads even stimulated the mice to regrow their own tissue, not just human cells, but they need confirmation. (popsci.com)
  • The next step is to determine whether the new human tissue behaves like real muscle. (popsci.com)
  • The research, to be published in the June 5 issue of Cell Stem Cell , shows for the first time that a protein called Wnt7a increases the number of stem cells in muscle tissue, leading to accelerated growth and repair of skeletal muscle. (disabled-world.com)
  • This discovery shows us that by targeting stem cells to boost their numbers, we can improve the body's ability to repair muscle tissue," said senior author Dr. Michael Rudnicki. (disabled-world.com)
  • Stem cells give rise to every tissue and organ in the body. (disabled-world.com)
  • Satellite stem cells are specialized muscle stem cells that live in adult skeletal muscle tissue and have the ability to both replicate and differentiate into various types of muscle cells. (disabled-world.com)
  • Dr. Rudnicki's team found that the Wnt7a protein, when introduced into mouse muscle tissue, significantly increased the population of these satellite stem cells and fueled the regeneration process, creating bigger and stronger muscles. (disabled-world.com)
  • Muscle tissue mass was increased by nearly 20 percent in the study. (disabled-world.com)
  • More importantly, the bioprinted constructs with neural cell integration facilitate rapid innervation and mature into organized muscle tissue that restores normal muscle weight and function in a rodent model of muscle defect injury. (nature.com)
  • These approaches have achieved bioengineered skeletal muscle tissue fabrication with cellular alignment in vitro, and some showed a degree of therapeutic potential in vivo. (nature.com)
  • In proof-of-concept experiments, Johns Hopkins Medicine scientists say they have successfully cultivated human muscle stem cells capable of renewing themselves and repairing muscle tissue damage in mice, potentially advancing efforts to treat muscle injuries and muscle-wasting disorders in people. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • In proof-of-concept experiments with mice, the research team sought to determine where the newly developed cells would migrate in living animals, and if they could repair damaged tissue. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • The research team then used two different methods to determine if the muscle stem cells would repair damaged tissue. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • At the site of the toxin and radiation damage in the muscle tissue, the researchers found that the transplanted human muscle stem cells developed into myoblasts, a kind of muscle construction cell that repairs damage by fusing together and developing the microfibers that characterize normal muscle. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • This research illustrates the potential for recruiting adult resident stem cells in tissue repair. (ca.gov)
  • Scientists had already identified several different types of muscle cell that can contribute to the formation of new muscle tissue. (eurostemcell.org)
  • Their muscles can't fully repair this damage leading to a loss of muscle tissue. (eurostemcell.org)
  • Scientists also found that after diphtheria toxin injection the amount of muscle tissue decreased somewhat over time, but the that the effects on differentiated muscle cells was not significant in the short term. (eurostemcell.org)
  • They did this by either injecting a chemical known to destroy muscle tissue or by making the mice exercise. (eurostemcell.org)
  • In the future, new heart muscle cells can likely be used to repair heart tissue damaged during a heart attack. (medicalxpress.com)
  • A University of Colorado at Boulder research team has identified a type of skeletal muscle stem cell that contributes to the repair of damaged muscles in mice, which could have important implications in the treatment of injured, diseased or aging muscle tissue in humans, including the ravages of muscular dystrophy. (phys.org)
  • The newly identified stem cells are found within populations of satellite cells located between muscle fibers and the surrounding connective tissue that are responsible for the repair and maintenance of skeletal muscles, said Professor Bradley Olwin of CU-Boulder's molecular, cellular and developmental biology department. (phys.org)
  • The stem cell population identified by the CU team within the satellite cells -- dubbed "satellite-SP" cells -- were shown to renew the satellite cell population after injection into injured muscle cells, contributing to recovery of muscle tissue in the laboratory mice. (phys.org)
  • The hope is this new method will allow us to repair damaged or diseased skeletal muscle tissue. (phys.org)
  • In healthy skeletal muscle tissue, the population of satellite cells is constantly maintained, leading the CU-Boulder team to believe that at least some of the satellite cell population in the mouse study included stem cells. (phys.org)
  • For the study, the researchers injected 2,500 satellite-SP cells into a population of satellite cells within injured mouse muscle tissue. (phys.org)
  • They found that 75 percent of the satellite cells that reproduced were derived from the previous satellite-SP cells injected into the tissue. (phys.org)
  • third, whole tissue culture was also performed to further demonstrate the different effect of R- and S-albuterol on migration of airway smooth muscle cells. (scirp.org)
  • After removal of blood vessels, connective tissues and cartilage, pure airway smooth muscle tissue was rinsed with PBS twice and cut into small pieces. (scirp.org)
  • Skeletal muscle satellite cells were obtained by tissue block culture method in combination with pre-plating techniques , and the purity of these cells was detected by both immunocytochemistry and fluorescence activated cell sorter (FACS) with Pax7 as marker of SMSC. (bvsalud.org)
  • Cells crawled out from the edge of tissue blocks after 1 week of culture . (bvsalud.org)
  • Skeletal muscle satellite cells with high purity and strong differentiation ability can be obtained by means of tissue block culture method . (bvsalud.org)
  • West Nile Virus transmission through tissue transplantation, for instance, skin, muscle, or connective tissues, has not been identified, and the risk for transmission by this route is not known. (cdc.gov)
  • Eight weeks after the donor's death, skin samples that had been treated in cryopreservative solution containing an antibiotic and unprocessed fat, muscle, tendon, and bone samples, all of which had been stored frozen at -70° Celsius at a tissue bank, were transferred to CDC. (cdc.gov)
  • Myoblasts fuse from multinucleated skeletal muscle cells known as syncytia in a process known as myogenesis. (wikipedia.org)
  • By examining the transcriptome and epigenome of individual muscle stem cells simultaneously, we found that DNA transcribes* more chaotically in older muscle stem cells compared to those in younger mice. (pasteur.fr)
  • This matrix protein is decreased in muscle stem cells in old mice thereby destabilising contact with the fibre. (pasteur.fr)
  • The team made the discovery by genetically labelling the cells with a coloured marker protein before injecting them into mice with damaged leg muscles. (thenakedscientists.com)
  • We were able to show that the injected cells increased their own numbers, contributed to existing muscle and also produced entirely new muscle in these mice," points out Blau. (thenakedscientists.com)
  • Researchers in Massachusetts are implanting injured mice with microthreads coated with human muscle cells, reports Technology Review . (popsci.com)
  • In a study presented earlier this month, George Pins, associate professor of bioengineering at Worcester Polytechnic Institute, and his colleagues sliced out 30 percent of the lower leg muscle in some mice. (popsci.com)
  • In a study evaluating mice and human heart cells, the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein inflamed the heart muscle cells, which can lead to heart injury. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The AAV9 viral vector was delivered into lab mice to activate the spike protein in the heart muscle cells. (sciencedaily.com)
  • In one method, the researchers transplanted the muscle stem cells into mice genetically engineered and bred without an immune system to avoid rejection of the transplanted cells. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • In a second set of experiments, the researchers transplanted the muscle stem cells into mice genetically engineered with a mutation in the dystrophin gene, which results in Duchenne muscular dystrophy, a muscle wasting disorder in mice and humans. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • Over several months, tests showed the transplanted mice were able to run twice as far on mini treadmills than untreated mice, a measure of muscle strength. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • UCLA researchers have identified a compound that can reproduce the effect of exercise in muscle cells in mice. (uclahealth.org)
  • Blau, who directs Stanford's Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology , and postdoctoral scholar Ben Cosgrove , PhD, found that growing muscle stem cells from elderly laboratory mice (a 24-month-old mouse is roughly equivalent to an 80-year-old human, based on average lifespans) in a specialized matrix called hydrogel, coupled with a drug treatment to block an inhibitory pathway, caused the cells to divide rapidly. (stanford.edu)
  • When implanted into elderly mice with a muscle injury, the cultured cells sprang to work. (stanford.edu)
  • We were able to show that transplantation of the old treated muscle stem cell population repaired the damage and restored strength to injured muscles of old mice," Cosgrove said. (stanford.edu)
  • In this study, the team identified one of those molecules and showed that interfering with that molecule's function restores the ability of muscle in older mice to regenerate after injury. (ca.gov)
  • Moreover, after a 16-week duration of diabetes, Pggt1b Δ / Δ mice exhibited lower α -smooth muscle actin ( α -SMA) and nitrotyrosine level, Rac1 activity, p47phox and NOXO1 expression, and phospho-ERK1/2 and phosphor-JNK content than wild-type mice. (hindawi.com)
  • In this study, Ramkumar Sambasivan and colleagues at the Pasteur Institute in Paris discovered that when satellite cells were destroyed in mice, other types of cells were unable to repair muscle damage. (eurostemcell.org)
  • For the first time in this study scientists found a way to look at the contribution of different types of cells by destroying only satellite cells in the leg muscle of mice. (eurostemcell.org)
  • Working with mice, scientists genetically altered a gene, called Pax7, which is unique to satellite cells. (eurostemcell.org)
  • Next they looked at the effect of damaging the muscles in the mice which no longer had any satellite cells. (eurostemcell.org)
  • Finally, to show that the effect observed was specific to satellite cells, the researchers transplanted only the satellite cells from normal mice into mice with no satellite cells. (eurostemcell.org)
  • The mice regained the ability to repair their muscles after injury and their muscle mass increased, proving that satellite cells are needed for muscle regeneration to take place. (eurostemcell.org)
  • Although in the past researchers from other countries have succeeded in using these cells to make heart muscle cells, this always required the presence of heart muscle cells from newborn mice or rats in the growth medium. (medicalxpress.com)
  • Methods: Murine tracheal smooth muscle cells (MTSMC) from T- bet KO mice and human bronchial smooth muscle cells (HBSMC) incubated with IL-13 and IL-4 served as asthma models. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • For this reason, the team of Shahragim Tajbakhsh from Institut Pasteur, in collaboration with the team of Wolf Reik at the Babraham (UK) tried to decipher the relationships between epigenetic regulation of DNA and ageing muscle stem cells. (pasteur.fr)
  • There are three types of myofilaments: thin, thick, and elastic that work together to produce a muscle contraction. (wikipedia.org)
  • The thin myofilaments are filaments of mostly actin and the thick filaments are of mostly myosin and they slide over each other to shorten the fiber length in a muscle contraction. (wikipedia.org)
  • The sarcoplasmic reticulum serves as a reservoir for calcium ions, so when an action potential spreads over the T-tubule, it signals the sarcoplasmic reticulum to release calcium ions from the gated membrane channels to stimulate muscle contraction. (wikipedia.org)
  • The study offers an unprecedented, detailed look at the distribution system that rapidly provides energy throughout the cell where it is needed for muscle contraction. (evolutionnews.org)
  • JOURNAL OF MUSCLE RESEARCH AND CELL MOTILITY publishes original research on the excitation and contraction of muscle, the analysis of the processes involved and the processes underlying cell contractility and motility. (periodicals.com)
  • Background: Asthma is characterized by airway remodeling, altered mucus production and airway smooth muscle cell (ASMC) contraction causing extensive airway narrowing. (uni-muenchen.de)
  • The proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) induced by oxidative injury is one of the main features in diabetes-accelerated atherosclerosis. (hindawi.com)
  • Atherosclerosis occurs earlier and with greater severity in the population with diabetes [ 1 - 3 ] and is characterized pathologically by endothelial cell injury, proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), and thickening of intima [ 4 , 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Damage to the endothelium results in vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. (aspetjournals.org)
  • In this work, we investigated the effect of l -citrulline on vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. (aspetjournals.org)
  • l -Citrulline (10 −8 M) significantly decreased rat aortic (A10 cell line) vascular smooth muscle proliferation. (aspetjournals.org)
  • These findings suggest that l -citrulline decreases vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation in the A10 cell line by acting on DNA synthesis by mechanisms that involve the ANP receptor. (aspetjournals.org)
  • The mechanism of how the calcification signal from endothelial cells is transmitted to vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) remains unknown. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • A striated muscle fiber contains myofibrils consisting of long protein chains of myofilaments. (wikipedia.org)
  • Muscle stem cell from young mouse stained with the transcription factor Pax7 and in contact with the muscle fibre through the extracellular matrix protein M-Cadherin. (pasteur.fr)
  • It has the protein distribution (shown in green and red) indicative of a young heart-muscle cell. (livescience.com)
  • They took microthreads made of the protein fibrin and coated them with human muscle cells that had been discarded during surgery, Tech Review says. (popsci.com)
  • Now, researchers have found that the spike protein from the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus can lead to heart muscle injury through the inflammatory process, according to preliminary research to be presented at the American Heart Association's Basic Cardiovascular Sciences Scientific Sessions 2022. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The spike protein facilitates virus entry into healthy cells, which is the first step in infection. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Our data show that the spike protein from SARS-CoV-2 causes heart muscle damage. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The researchers studied whether the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein activates the natural immune response in heart muscle cells. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Their results showed that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein activated the natural immune response in heart muscle cells and damaged the heart, but the NL63 spike protein did not. (sciencedaily.com)
  • In lab testing of heart cells cultured in dishes, researchers also observed that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein made heart muscle cells much larger compared to cells without either spike protein. (sciencedaily.com)
  • We found direct evidence that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein is toxic to heart muscle cells," Lin said. (sciencedaily.com)
  • They detected the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and TLR4 protein in both heart muscle cells and other cell types. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Besides directly damaging the heart muscle cells, the spike protein itself is very inflammatory and may cause systemic inflammation that indirectly causes heart problems. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The green color marks a muscle stem cell protein called PAX7. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • WASHINGTON -Healthy muscle cells rely on the protein dysferlin to properly repair the sarcolemmal membrane, a thin specialized membrane that serves a vital role in ensuring that muscle fibers are strong enough and have the necessary resources to contract. (childrensnational.org)
  • Mutations in the DYSF gene that produces this essential protein causes limb girdle muscular dystrophy type 2B (LGMD2B), a disease characterized by chronic muscle inflammation and progressively weakened muscles in the pelvis and shoulder girdle. (childrensnational.org)
  • Muscles of people with Duchenne muscular dystrophy can't produce the muscle protein dystrophin, making them fragile and easily damaged. (eurostemcell.org)
  • In muscular dystrophy, the loss of a protein called dystrophin causes the muscle to literally tear itself apart, a process that cannot be repaired without cell-based intervention. (phys.org)
  • Injury to endothelial cells by lipid-soluble smoke particles or ultraviolet light, which reduced total cellular protein by 15-25%, enhanced the endothelial cell release of the substances stimulating 125I-low density lipoprotein uptake. (lu.se)
  • When these patients lose muscle, they struggle to gain it back," said Melissa Spencer, the paper's senior author and a member of the Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research at UCLA . (uclahealth.org)
  • Muscle cells (including myocytes and muscle fibers) develop from embryonic precursor cells called myoblasts. (wikipedia.org)
  • Skeletal muscle cells are the individual contractile cells within a muscle and are more usually known as muscle fibers because of their longer threadlike appearance. (wikipedia.org)
  • A single muscle such as the biceps brachii in a young adult human male contains around 253,000 muscle fibers. (wikipedia.org)
  • Skeletal muscle fibers are the only muscle cells that are multinucleated with the nuclei usually referred to as myonuclei. (wikipedia.org)
  • In skeletal muscle, at the end of each muscle fiber, the outer layer of the sarcolemma combines with tendon fibers at the myotendinous junction. (wikipedia.org)
  • The cell membrane is anchored to the cell's cytoskeleton by anchor fibers that are approximately 10 nm wide. (wikipedia.org)
  • In white is mouse laminin, showing a cross section of muscle fibers. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • In Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), treatment with vamorolone not only reduced inflammation, but the membranes of muscle fibers were stabilized. (childrensnational.org)
  • That's because, as we age, muscle stem cells become less able to repair injury and generate new muscle fibers. (stanford.edu)
  • When muscle fibers are stressed or traumatized, satellite cells divide to make more specialized muscle cells and repair the muscle, said Olwin. (phys.org)
  • Although injected cells will repair the muscle fibers, maintaining the muscle fibers requires additional cell injections. (phys.org)
  • This occurs during myogenesis with the fusion of myoblasts each contributing a nucleus to the newly formed muscle cell or myotube. (wikipedia.org)
  • embryologically, this multinucleate condition results from multiple myoblasts fusing to produce each muscle fiber, where each myoblast contributes one nucleus. (wikipedia.org)
  • Satellite cells produce myoblasts which in turn fuse to produce new muscle fibres that comprise the contractile unit for skeletal muscle function. (eurostemcell.org)
  • However, the in vivo roles of HIFs in quiescent satellite cells and activated satellite cells (myoblasts) are poorly understood. (purdue.edu)
  • Interestingly, double knockout of HIF1α and HIF2α (HIF1α/2α dKO) in embryonic myoblasts results in apparently normal muscle development and growth. (purdue.edu)
  • However, HIF1α/2α dKO in postnatal satellite cells impairs injury-induced muscle repair, accompanied by a reduced number of myoblasts during regeneration. (purdue.edu)
  • Analysis of satellite cell dynamics on myofibers confirms that HIF1α/2α dKO myoblasts exhibit reduced self-renewal but more pronounced myogenic differentiation under hypoxia conditions. (purdue.edu)
  • Fusion depends on muscle-specific proteins known as fusogens called myomaker and myomerger. (wikipedia.org)
  • Brain and skin cells have now been reprogrammed into heart cells using RNA, a molecule related to DNA that is crucial to the creation of proteins within a cell. (livescience.com)
  • This mRNA contains the instructions, derived from DNA, to create proteins, the building blocks of cells. (livescience.com)
  • These cells then contained much more heart mRNA than skin or brain mRNA, causing the cell to build heart-cell proteins. (livescience.com)
  • The presence of the heart-cell proteins influenced the expression of genes and encouraged the production of more heart-cell proteins. (livescience.com)
  • Spike proteins latch onto receptors known as angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) on target cells. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Within this reticulum , we find proteins associated with mitochondrial proton-motive force production preferentially in the cell periphery and proteins that use the proton-motive force for ATP production in the cell interior near contractile and transport ATPases . (evolutionnews.org)
  • Scientists have created heart cells through other techniques before, including using embryonic stem cells and adult cells reprogrammed to an embryonic stem cell-like state. (livescience.com)
  • Scientists at the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (OHRI) and the University of Ottawa have discovered a powerful new way to stimulate muscle regeneration, paving the way for new treatments for debilitating conditions such as muscular dystrophy . (disabled-world.com)
  • The Stem Cell Network, established in 2001, brings together more than 80 leading scientists, clinicians, engineers, and ethicists from universities and hospitals across Canada with a mandate to investigate the immense therapeutic potential of stem cells for the treatment of diseases currently incurable by conventional approaches. (disabled-world.com)
  • Scientists are reporting the first clear evidence that muscle cells distribute energy primarily by the rapid conduction of electrical charges through a vast, interconnected network of mitochondria - the cell's "powerhouse" - in a way that resembles the wire grid that distributes power throughout a city . (evolutionnews.org)
  • For the current experiments, the NIH scientists collaborated in a detailed study of the mitochondria structure, biochemical composition, and function in mouse skeletal muscle cells. (evolutionnews.org)
  • To make the self-renewing stem cells, the scientists began with laboratory-grown human skin cells that were genetically reprogrammed to a more primitive state in which the cells have the potential to become almost any type of cell in the body. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • In the laboratory, scientists have long been able to transform IPS cells into various types of cells, including skin and brain cells. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • Scientists believe satellite cells are a type of muscle stem cell. (eurostemcell.org)
  • By removing satellite cells and looking at the impact this has on muscle repair scientists can build a picture of how exactly these different cells contribute to the process of muscle regeneration. (eurostemcell.org)
  • First the scientists treated muscles only with diphtheria toxin and looked at them under the microscope. (eurostemcell.org)
  • This study has significantly added to the picture scientists have of how muscle regeneration works and the importance of satellite cells to that process. (eurostemcell.org)
  • An important outcome of this study is that for the first time scientists have been able to selectively destroy only a particular type of muscle cell. (eurostemcell.org)
  • Scientists hope that understanding how healthy muscle repairs itself will help them to understand why this repair process fails in the muscles of Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients. (eurostemcell.org)
  • Scientists were initially interested in somatic-cell nuclear transfer as a means of determining whether genes remain functional even after most of them have been switched off as the cells in a developing organism assume their specialized functions as blood cells, muscle cells, and so forth. (who.int)
  • Also, a vascularization strategy using co-culture with endothelial cells (ECs) and fibroblasts improved the survival of the bioengineered skeletal muscle tissues 20 , 21 . (nature.com)
  • In order to investigate further the angiogenic mechanisms involved in muscle capillarization, endothelial-cellstimulating angiogenic factor activities in various rodent skeletal muscles were compared. (portlandpress.com)
  • Each sample was separately homogenized and centrifuged and the supernatants were diafiltered to isolate the low-molecular-mass fraction containing endothelial-cell-stimulating angiogenic activity. (portlandpress.com)
  • 4. These findings suggest that endothelial-cell-stimulating angiogenic activity in muscle is either inversely or not related to the local capillary density, which may be at or near a maximum in physiologically contracting, predominantly oxidative muscles. (portlandpress.com)
  • This study was designed to investigate the effects of substances released from non-injured and injured bovine arterial endothelial cells on 125I-low density lipoprotein uptake and degradation by smooth muscle cells in culture. (lu.se)
  • It was demonstrated that endothelial cell-released non-dialysable (molecular weight cut off 12-14000) substances significantly stimulated 125I-low density lipoprotein uptake and degradation by smooth muscle cells. (lu.se)
  • Endothelial cell-released dialysable substances and endothelin-1 did not cause this stimulation. (lu.se)
  • However, in endothelial cell-smooth muscle cell co-culture 125I-low. (lu.se)
  • However, in endothelial cell-smooth muscle cell co-culture 125I-low density lipoprotein uptake and degradation by smooth muscle cells were not stimulated. (lu.se)
  • article{e328883f-12c1-4d3a-a8e7-8700ca87f7ac, abstract = {{This study was designed to investigate the effects of substances released from non-injured and injured bovine arterial endothelial cells on 125I-low density lipoprotein uptake and degradation by smooth muscle cells in culture. (lu.se)
  • studies have shown that the R- and S-enantiomers of racemic albuterol, a β 2 -adrenergic receptor agonist used in asthma treatment, have differential effects on the contractile properties of airway smooth muscle. (scirp.org)
  • By monitoring migratory properties of airway smooth muscle cells in the presence of albuterol isomers, the different effect of albuterol on proliferation and migration of airway smooth muscle cells is probed. (scirp.org)
  • As a kind of well mature pharmaceutical for asthma treatment, it would be very important to distinguish the effect of two different isomers of albuterol on proliferation and migration activities of airway smooth muscle cells. (scirp.org)
  • Primary culture of rat airway smooth muscle cells was performed by enzyme digestion. (scirp.org)
  • Increased airway smooth muscle (ASM) mass due to hyperplasia/hypertrophy contributes significantly to overall airway remodeling and correlates with decline in lung function. (harvard.edu)
  • The sarcoplasm also contains glycogen which provides energy to the cell during heightened exercise, and myoglobin, the red pigment that stores oxygen until needed for muscular activity. (wikipedia.org)
  • New way to stimulate muscle regeneration paves the way for new treatments for debilitating conditions such as muscular dystrophy. (disabled-world.com)
  • Our findings point the way to the development of new therapeutic treatment for muscular diseases such as muscular dystrophy, sarcopenia and muscle wasting conditions resulting from extended hospital stays and surgeries," said Dr. Rudnicki. (disabled-world.com)
  • This project was funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, the Muscular Dystrophy Association, the National Institutes of Health, the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Canada's Stem Cell Network and the Canada Research Chairs Program. (disabled-world.com)
  • Lee is co-founder of Vita Therapeutics Inc., a Baltimore, Maryland-based cell engineering company, that hopes to bring muscle stem cell treatments to market for muscle wasting disorders, including muscular dystrophy. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • People with the muscle wasting disease limb girdle muscular dystrophy have a genetic defect that interferes with that chemical messenger, making their muscles unable to respond to exercise. (uclahealth.org)
  • The genetic defect responsible for limb girdle muscular dystrophy causes shortages of an enzyme in muscle cells called CaMK. (uclahealth.org)
  • If one of those compounds is effective in human muscles, it would be a significant step for treating people with limb girdle muscular dystrophy, as well as people whose muscles have atrophied for other reasons - because they have been bedridden for long stretches due to an illness or injury, for example. (uclahealth.org)
  • It is hoped this knowledge can be used in the future to develop treatments for muscle wasting diseases including muscular dystrophy. (eurostemcell.org)
  • For example, this model could be used to study the possibility of transplanting different types of muscle stem cells to treat Duchenne muscular dystrophy. (eurostemcell.org)
  • Our team is working on the molecular and cellular actors involved in human muscle regeneration , in muscle ageing and in muscular dystrophies including oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy (OPMD) and Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). (institut-myologie.org)
  • In this study, we investigate the effects of neural cell integration into the bioprinted skeletal muscle construct to accelerate functional muscle regeneration in vivo. (nature.com)
  • 20% of the original mass invariably results in functional impairment with limited regeneration capacity, which requires reconstructive surgical procedures such as autologous muscle flap transfers 1 . (nature.com)
  • This suggests that satellite cells play a vital role in muscle regeneration. (eurostemcell.org)
  • Now that they know how to do this it provides a useful experimental model which can be used to study the role of other cell types in muscle regeneration. (eurostemcell.org)
  • More precisely we are working on RNA metabolism , muscle regeneration , muscle stem cells , and fibrosis , with the final aim of developing innovative therapeutic approaches. (institut-myologie.org)
  • At this point, the cells are known as induced pluripotent stem (IPS) cells, and they are mixed with a solution of standard cell growth factors and nutrients that nudge them to differentiate into specific cell types. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • Stem cells are distinguished by their ability to renew themselves through cell division and differentiate into specialized cell types. (phys.org)
  • More important, people found that, during the pathogenesis of asthma, smooth muscle cells could differentiate into the migration phenotype. (scirp.org)
  • Therefore, in collaboration with W. Wright, we have developed an approach for the immortalisation of human muscle precursors that allows them to retain their ability to differentiate: this has enabled the generation of immortal cell lines derived from patient cells. (institut-myologie.org)
  • Myogenesis of these cells was induced in differentiation medium and the mRNA expressions of myogenic differentiation gene (MyoD) and Myogenin were determined by Real-time polymerase chain reaction ( PCR ). (bvsalud.org)
  • Finally, we show that template DNA cosegregates with Numb in label-retaining cells that express the self-renewal marker Pax7. (nih.gov)
  • After purification by pre-plating techniques , more than 97.6% of the cells expressed Pax7, a unique marker of satellite cells . (bvsalud.org)
  • C. elegans muscle age is a data set of fluorescence 20X microscopy images of C. elegans nematodes stained with phalloidin to visualize actin in muscles at different ages (1,2,4, and 8). (ucsd.edu)
  • We previously showed that bioprinted human skeletal muscle constructs were able to form multi-layered bundles with aligned myofibers. (nature.com)
  • We also demonstrated the feasibility of using these 3D bioprinted human skeletal muscle constructs to treat critical-sized muscle defect injuries with structural and functional restoration in a rodent model 2 . (nature.com)
  • The PromoCell Skeletal Muscle Cell Growth Medium is a low-serum medium (5% V/V) developed for the expansion of human skeletal muscle cell cultures. (promocell.com)
  • Primary Human Skeletal Muscle Cells isolated from different skeletal muscles from adult single donors. (promocell.com)
  • After injury, adult skeletal muscle regenerates by activating muscle stem cells that fuse with the existing muscle cells to repair the damage. (ca.gov)
  • Strikingly, some of these cells display selective template-DNA strand segregation during mitosis in the muscle fibre in vivo, as well as in culture independent of their niche, indicating that genomic DNA strands are nonequivalent. (nih.gov)
  • A recent scientific study has shown that a type of muscle stem cell called 'satellite cells' are essential for muscle fibre repair and replacement. (eurostemcell.org)
  • 2. Eleven untrained adult male Wistar rats were killed and the predominantly oxidative (type I) muscles, soleus and heart, the predominantly glycolytic (type II) muscle, extensor digitorum longus, and the mixed-fibre muscle, gastrocnemius, were removed. (portlandpress.com)
  • By contrast, prednisolone worsened muscle weakness, impaired muscle repair and increased myofiber atrophy. (childrensnational.org)
  • When muscles aren't worked regularly, they gradually atrophy. (uclahealth.org)
  • If we could isolate the stem cells from an elderly person, expose them in culture to the proper conditions to rejuvenate them and transfer them back into a site of muscle injury, we may be able to use the person's own cells to aid recovery from trauma or to prevent localized muscle atrophy and weakness due to broken bones," Blau said. (stanford.edu)
  • Obestatin signalling counteracts glucocorticoid-induced skeletal muscle atrophy via NEDD4/KLF15 axis. (institut-myologie.org)
  • A muscle cell is also known as a myocyte when referring to either a cardiac muscle cell (cardiomyocyte) or a smooth muscle cell, as these are both small cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cardiac muscle cells form the cardiac muscle in the walls of the heart chambers, and have a single central nucleus. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cardiac muscle cells are joined to neighboring cells by intercalated discs, and when joined in a visible unit they are described as a cardiac muscle fiber. (wikipedia.org)
  • The cell membrane of a cardiac muscle cell has several specialized regions, which may include the intercalated disc, and transverse tubules. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cardiac muscle like the skeletal muscle is also striated and the cells contain myofibrils, myofilaments, and sarcomeres as the skeletal muscle cell. (wikipedia.org)
  • Doevendans will use the cultured heart muscle cells to study things like cardiac arrhythmia (abnormal heart rhythms). (medicalxpress.com)
  • of heart (cardiac) muscle cells. (medlineplus.gov)
  • In cardiac muscle, this ion transport plays a critical role in maintaining the heart's normal rhythm. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Other genes provide instructions for making parts of structural elements of cardiac muscle, such as sarcomeres. (medlineplus.gov)
  • These structures are necessary for cardiac muscle to contract and produce the heart's pumping action. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Mutations in these non-ion channel genes have a variety of effects on the structure and function of cardiac muscle, all of which can lead to an abnormal heartbeat. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Frozen sections (250 microm-thick) were cut from cardiac muscle, diaphragm, liver, and soleus muscle from the rat. (cdc.gov)
  • Seeking understand the decline in function of tissues in organisms, researchers from the Stem Cells and Development unit at Institut Pasteur made a discovery on the still unknown mechanisms of the epigenetic clock in stem cells. (pasteur.fr)
  • It should be noted that epigenetic clocks based on DNA methylation are constructed from data from multiple tissues from a mixture of different cell types. (pasteur.fr)
  • Future stitches could be made out of your own muscle cells, ensuring proper re-growth of injured muscle tissues. (popsci.com)
  • This research shows how satellite cells can maintain their populations within injured tissues," said Olwin. (phys.org)
  • Since (R)-, but not (S)-albuterol enhances bronchodilation, we expect the two racemic isomers would also affect proliferation and migration of tracheal cells differentially. (scirp.org)
  • However, the different effects of R- and S-albuterol on smooth muscle cells proliferation and migration have never been tested. (scirp.org)
  • In stem cells in aged individuals, both transcriptional and epigenetic changes associated with ageing have been observed. (pasteur.fr)
  • In terminally differentiated cell fate is coupled to appropriate regulation of the alternative cells, transcriptional networks must be stable and irreversible, pathways. (lu.se)
  • They also found that some of the transplanted human muscle stem cells migrate to the niche and behave like muscle stem cells naturally found within the mouse. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • Stem cell numbers usually decline during aging thereby confounding results when total cell populations are surveyed. (pasteur.fr)
  • Blau and her colleagues also identified for the first time a process by which the older muscle stem cell populations can be rejuvenated to function like younger cells. (stanford.edu)
  • Understanding cell-fate decisions in stem cell populations is a major goal of modern biology. (lu.se)
  • Stem and progenitor cell populations are often heterogeneous, which may reflect stem cell subsets that express subtly different properties, including different propensities for lineage selection upon differentiation, yet remain able to interconvert. (lu.se)
  • This activity, developed with the full support of the AFM as well as the Dutch Duchenne Parent Project NL (DPP-NL) and the Jain Foundation, has resulted in the creation of a platform for the immortalisation of human cells. (institut-myologie.org)
  • The findings are published in the journal Cell Reports Medicine. (uclahealth.org)
  • Now a report in Nature Medicine outlines some interesting findings from the laboratory of Stanford microbiologist and immunologist Helen Blau , PhD, suggesting it may be possible to perk up a population of elderly stem cells through a combination of biophysical and biochemical cues. (stanford.edu)
  • Our findings identify a defect inherent to old muscle stem cells," she said. (stanford.edu)
  • The findings are published in the latest issue of the journal Stem Cell Research . (medicalxpress.com)
  • Previous studies on GGTase-I mainly focused on the regulation of cell growth and differentiation via the Rac1 pathway and have been proved to be closely related to the occurrence, invasion, and metastasis of various malignant tumors [ 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Product bundle consisting of Skeletal Muscle Cell Growth and Differentiation Media and subculture reagents. (promocell.com)
  • The Skeletal Muscle Cell Differentiation Starter Package includes growth and differentiation media, as well as subculturing reagents optimized for expansion and subsequent induction of skeletal muscle cell myotube formation. (promocell.com)
  • Smooth muscle cells control involuntary movements such as the peristalsis contractions in the esophagus and stomach. (wikipedia.org)
  • Natural News) Regular sessions of physical exercise could keep muscles and nerves from getting further injured by the resumption of blood flow after an injury started to heal. (naturalnews.com)
  • Using pulse-chase labelling with BrdU to mark the putative stem cell niche, we identify a subpopulation of label-retaining satellite cells during growth and after injury. (nih.gov)
  • This really opens a whole new avenue to enhance the repair of specific muscles in the elderly, especially after an injury. (stanford.edu)
  • Human ASM (HASM) cells express both low affinity (FcεRII/CD23) and high affinity IgE Fc receptors (FcεRI), and IgE can modulate the contractile and synthetic function of HASM cells. (harvard.edu)
  • The body contends with the dead cell by breaking it up into fragments and sending in inflammatory cells to clear the debris. (childrensnational.org)
  • Recent evidence suggests that IgE sensitization can enhance the survival and mediator release in inflammatory cells. (harvard.edu)
  • Remodeling of extracellular matrix (ECM), decreases in smooth muscle cells (SMCs), and infiltration of inflammatory cells are thought to weaken the arterial wall and increase the risk of AAD ( 1 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • sm, ic: in CNS - neuronal degeneration, round cell infiltration and cuffing. (cdc.gov)
  • Skeletal muscles - minimal focal necrosis and round cell infiltration. (cdc.gov)
  • This discovery on ageing underscores the importance of basic research in understanding the mechanisms that regulate stem cell properties and function to pave the way for future development of innovative diagnostic or therapeutic strategies. (pasteur.fr)
  • IgE was recently shown to induce HASM cell proliferation but the detailed mechanisms remain unknown. (harvard.edu)
  • Collectively, our data provide mechanisms of a novel function of IgE which may contribute, at least in part, to airway remodeling observed in allergic asthma by directly inducing HASM cell proliferation. (harvard.edu)
  • Due to the apparent importance of Cl - in the physiology of Ascaris muscle bag cells, these studies were conducted to investigate the mechanisms involved in Cl - balance, with a view to possible exploitation of these mechanisms as anthelmintic target sites. (soton.ac.uk)
  • These cell lines are shared in collaboration with many international teams, either to study physiological or pathophysiological mechanisms, or to test innovative therapeutic approaches. (institut-myologie.org)
  • Smooth muscle cells have a single nucleus. (wikipedia.org)
  • The increase in 125I-low density lipoprotein uptake and degradation by smooth muscle cells could be dissociated from cell proliferation. (lu.se)
  • The medium is formulated (quantitatively and qualitatively) to provide a defined and optimally balanced nutritional environment that selectively promotes proliferation and growth of normal human smooth muscle cells in vitro . (3hbiomedical.com)
  • Neural input into this bioprinted skeletal muscle construct shows the improvement of myofiber formation, long-term survival, and neuromuscular junction formation in vitro. (nature.com)
  • To establish the isolation, culture and identification methods of primary rat skeletal muscle satellite cells (SMSC) and observe its characterization of differentiation in vitro . (bvsalud.org)
  • 2008). Historically, this concept is highlighted by the experi- factors are key intrinsic regulators of these fate decisions and mental phenomenon of lineage reprogramming, for example, that fate choice involves modulating networks of transcription by the conversion of fibroblasts to muscles cells following trans- factors. (lu.se)
  • Constitutive activation of Notch signaling can rescue HIF1α/2α dKO induced inhibition of satellite cell self-renewal. (purdue.edu)
  • We report here that IgE sensitization induces HASM cell proliferation, as measured by 3H-thymidine, EdU incorporation, and manual cell counting. (harvard.edu)
  • Researchers at UMC Utrecht used a simple method to isolate the stem cells from this material and reproduce them in the laboratory, which they then allowed to develop. (medicalxpress.com)
  • CaMK activates genes that promote muscle growth and fat metabolism," said Spencer, who is also a professor of neurology and the director of the neuromuscular program at the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA . (uclahealth.org)
  • 1. Capillary density is greater in skeletal muscles comprised of predominantly oxidative (type I) fibres than in those comprised of mainly glycolytic (type II) fibres. (portlandpress.com)
  • West Nile Virus RNA was detected in samples from the spleen/lymph node, skin, and fat associated with the tibia bone, as well as 1 of 2 muscle specimens, 1 of 4 tendon specimens, and 1 of 2 bone marrow specimens. (cdc.gov)
  • We identified West Nile Virus RNA in spleen/lymph node homogenate, skin, fat, muscle, tendon, and bone marrow samples obtained postmortem from a donor associated with transmission of West Nile Virus through solid organ transplantation. (cdc.gov)
  • The results are very exciting because now researchers are able to readily identify the muscle stem cells they can turn their attention to discovering ways to activate them in people with muscle-wasting diseases, or use them to repair muscles in trauma patients. (thenakedscientists.com)
  • Satellite cells assure postnatal skeletal muscle growth and repair. (nih.gov)
  • In a head-to-head trial between the conventional glucocorticoid, prednisolone, and a modified glucocorticoid, vamorolone, in experimental models of LGMD2B, vamorolone improved dysferlin-deficient muscle cell membrane stability and repair. (childrensnational.org)
  • One made muscle repair better. (childrensnational.org)
  • The other made muscle repair worse or about the same as untreated experimental models. (childrensnational.org)
  • Three different doses of vamorolone were tested on cells derived from patients with LGMD2B with higher cell membrane repair efficacy seen with rising treatment dose. (childrensnational.org)
  • This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter, confirmatory study will evaluate the efficacy and safety of Cook MyoSite Incorporated Autologous Muscle Derived Cells for Urinary Sphincter Repair (AMDC-USR) compared to a placebo (vehicle) control dose in the treatment of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in adult female patients. (mayo.edu)
  • As a result, we have a new therapeutic target that could one day be used to help elderly human patients repair muscle damage. (stanford.edu)
  • In both cases the muscle did not repair itself despite the fact that other types of repair cells were still present. (eurostemcell.org)
  • Then they can explore how to restart the repair process to reverse muscle wastage. (eurostemcell.org)
  • CAMPBELL, K. P. Dysferlin and muscle membrane repair. (bvsalud.org)
  • Although all PromoCell media are optimized for use with primary human cells, we have received feedback from customers that this particular medium can also be used for murine, rat, canine, and rabbit skeletal muscle cells. (promocell.com)
  • The cosegregation of 'immortal' template DNA strands and their link with the asymmetry apparatus has important implications for stem cell biology and cancer. (nih.gov)
  • The team reported that when they injected the muscle stem cells into the mouse muscles, the cells moved to an area of the muscles known as the niche, where other natural muscle stem cells are typically found, and stayed there for more than four months. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • The testing identified a chemical compound called AMBMP that allowed mouse muscles to work and grow the way healthy muscle cells do. (uclahealth.org)