• Low blood folate concentrations in women of childbearing age increase the risk of neural tube birth defects in their offspring. (cdcfoundation.org)
  • To facilitate training, capacity development and implementation of an international laboratory network to standardize folate measurement to decrease the risk of neural tube birth defects. (cdcfoundation.org)
  • These potential problems include but are not limited to cancers, birth defects in offspring of the person taking the medications and (with two of the orals) a risk of developing PML, a potentially fatal brain infection. (msfocusmagazine.org)
  • Association between maternal occupational exposure to organic solvents and congenital heart defects, National Birth Defects Prevention Study, 1997-2002. (cdc.gov)
  • Objective: To examine the relation between congenital heart defects (CHDs) in offspring and estimated maternal occupational exposure to chlorinated solvents, aromatic solvents and Stoddard solvent during the period from 1 month before conception through the first trimester. (cdc.gov)
  • Methods: The study population included mothers of infants with simple isolated CHDs and mothers of control infants who delivered from 1997 through 2002 and participated in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study. (cdc.gov)
  • However, it is unknown whether maternal pregnancy adiposity is associated with long-term risk of adverse metabolic profiles in offspring, and if so, whether this association is causal, via intrauterine mechanisms, or explained by shared familial (genetic, lifestyle, socioeconomic) characteristics. (biorxiv.org)
  • We aimed to determine if associations between maternal body mass index (BMI) with offspring systemic metabolite profile are causal via intrauterine mechanisms or familial factors. (biorxiv.org)
  • Methods and Findings We used one and two-stage individual participant data (IPD) metaanalysis, and a negative-control (paternal BMI) to examine the association between maternal prepregnancy BMI and offspring serum metabolome from three European birth cohorts (offspring age at metabolite assessment 16, 17 and 31 years). (biorxiv.org)
  • Results from one-stage IPD meta-analysis ( N =5327 to 5377 mother-father-offspring trios) showed that increasing maternal and paternal BMI was associated with an adverse cardio-metabolic profile in offspring. (biorxiv.org)
  • Identifying the maternal factors that contribute to adverse birth outcomes in the next generation is thus a priority. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Epigenetic clocks, which have emerged as powerful tools for quantifying biological aging and various dimensions of physiological dysregulation, hold promise for clarifying relationships between maternal biology and infant health, including the maternal factors or states that predict birth outcomes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Nevertheless, studies exploring the relationship between maternal epigenetic age and birth outcomes remain few. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We used 1- and 2-stage individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis, and a negative-control (paternal BMI) to examine the association between maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and offspring serum metabolome from 3 European birth cohorts (offspring age at blood collection: 16, 17, and 31 years). (oulu.fi)
  • Limitations of this study are that inferences cannot be drawn about the role of circulating maternal fetal fuels (i.e., glucose, lipids, fatty acids, and amino acids) on later offspring metabolic profile. (oulu.fi)
  • Our findings suggest that maternal BMI-offspring metabolome associations are likely to be largely due to shared genetic or familial lifestyle confounding rather than to intrauterine mechanisms. (oulu.fi)
  • Inadequate maternal weight gain, cannabis use during pregnancy, and birth order have been identified as 3 new potential risk factors for Tourette syndrome and chronic tic disorders in children, new research shows. (medscape.com)
  • A prospective study of 6090 children from the prospective Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) showed that less than adequate maternal weight gain during pregnancy and being born first were significantly associated with Tourette syndrome in the offspring by the age of 13 or 14 years. (medscape.com)
  • A primary objective of the study was to determine whether potential risk factors identified for Tourette's in previous studies ― including maternal prenatal smoking and alcohol use, excessive vomiting during pregnancy, complications of delivery, low birth weight, and young gestational age at birth ― could be validated. (medscape.com)
  • Offspring BMI showed similar patterns of crosssectional association with metabolic profiles as for parental pre-pregnancy BMI associations, but with greater magnitudes. (biorxiv.org)
  • The hyperglycaemic intrauterine environment in GDM pregnancy can affect multiple aspects of the health of the offspring throughout the course of its life. (springer.com)
  • A multiple birth occurs when more than one fetus is carried to term in a single pregnancy. (absoluteastronomy.com)
  • Experimental work with animal models shows that restricting prenatal nutrition, or imposing acute stress during pregnancy, replicates many of these long-term outcomes in offspring, showing that gestational conditions can have lasting effects on health in the next generation [ 7 , 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • G), with a long history of multiple undiagnosed pregnancy losses and deaths of offspring as a result of this disease, who underwent IVF after reconstitution of her oocytes by spindle transfer into the cytoplasm of enucleated donor oocytes. (infertile.com)
  • And while we can't know what they are thinking, they are extremely intelligent and intuitive… so I think it's possible that after watching me go through a pregnancy they could recognize that I was showing them my daughter, especially Jill who has birthed and raised multiple offspring of her own. (ananova.news)
  • Twins are defined as two offspring from the same pregnancy. (montanapost.com)
  • Twins are the most common pregnancy outcome in goats , though mom goats can give birth to a single-born kid or larger litters, too. (montanapost.com)
  • Similar risks come with twin pregnancies in horses , which tend to lead to both pregnancy complications that may harm the mare and the birth of weak foals. (montanapost.com)
  • If implantation occurs, the cycle may progress to clinical pregnancy and possibly live-birth delivery. (cdc.gov)
  • Professor Laurence Hurst from the Milner Centre for Evolution which carried out the study, proposes that 'selfish' mutations which destroy embryos, may have an advantage in mice (which birth multiple offspring), as aneuploid embryos perishing earlier may enable siblings to benefit from a greater share of resources in the womb. (planer.com)
  • Fertilization of individual eggs by distinct spermatazoa from a male produces multiple embryos. (montanapost.com)
  • Pregnant females in toxic waters carry much larger embryos, more than twice as large at birth, compared to their closest relatives," Langerhans said. (scienceblog.com)
  • 25-OHD correlated positively with birth weight while serum ferritin showed a negative correlation. (who.int)
  • For example, early gestational age at birth predicts the two largest causes of death in premature infants: underdevelopment of mature organs and bronchopulmonary dysplasia, a chronic lung disease that damages alveolar tissue [ 1 , 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Infants of multiple births, who are often premature, might be more susceptible to developing a more severe RSV infection than singletons. (tau.ac.il)
  • objective: To assess the impact of multiple births on the severity of RSV infection and define risk factors for acquiring RSV infection in infants of multiple birth. (tau.ac.il)
  • To assess this, Department of Defense Birth and Infant Health Research program data were used to identify 7,087 singleton infants whose fathers were considered submariners. (health.mil)
  • 2-4 In the U.S., the sex ratio at birth decreased from 1.055 in 1940 to 1.048 in 2002;1 in 2016, the sex ratio of all live born U.S. infants was 1.047. (health.mil)
  • 7.0%) births had congenital anomalies, There were 16 (14.7%) infants with of which 39 (72.2%) were in first-cousin congenital heart disease (4.53/1000 live marriages and 15 (27.8%) were in second- births). (who.int)
  • Girls' offspring are at increased risk for premature birth and death as neonates, infants, or children. (cdc.gov)
  • ANCHOR Because of this armadillos have been used to study multiple births and other reproductive issues. (animalresearch.info)
  • As summarized below and detailed in Chapter 3, health effects that have been associated with exposure to PCBs in humans and/or animals include liver, thyroid, dermal and ocular changes, immunological alterations, neurodevelop- mental changes, reduced birth weight, reproductive toxicity, and cancer. (cdc.gov)
  • The natural human sex ratio at birth (male:female) slightly favors males, and altered sex ratios might be indicative of exposure to reproductive hazards. (health.mil)
  • This study's null findings suggest that submariners are not likely exposed to reproductive hazards in the workplace that alter offspring sex ratio. (health.mil)
  • Offspring sex ratio is often used in demographic, environmental, and occupational studies to assess the impact of certain exposures on reproductive and endocrine health. (health.mil)
  • 6-8 Because low sex ratios have been linked to reduced sperm quality and quantity, 9-11 some postulate that a low offspring sex ratio is an early indicator for exposure to reproductive hazards or damage to the male reproductive system. (health.mil)
  • Adjustment of parental BMI-offspring metabolic traits associations for offspring BMI suggested the parental associations were largely due to the association of parental BMI with offspring BMI. (oulu.fi)
  • Our aims were to describe trajectories of depressive symptoms across adolescence for offspring of parents with and without maladaptive personality traits and to test for effect modification by SEP. (medrxiv.org)
  • Conclusions Offspring of mothers with high levels of maladaptive personality traits show evidence of greater depressive symptoms throughout adolescence although the absolute increase in symptoms is small. (medrxiv.org)
  • We show that the evolution of social groupings among adults and juveniles is overwhelmingly preceded by the evolution of live birth across multiple independent origins of both traits. (lu.se)
  • Brian Langerhans , a biological sciences professor at NC State and senior author of the paper, says that the study illustrates how theory can accurately predict evolutionary outcomes in the wild, and reveals nuances about the simultaneous evolution of multiple traits. (scienceblog.com)
  • Classic studies of twins, adoptees, half siblings, and families 1 - 4 have led to a widely accepted notion that multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex trait in which susceptibility is determined by the interplay of genes and environmental factors. (bmj.com)
  • Common multiples are two and three, known as twins and triplets. (absoluteastronomy.com)
  • Twins are more likely to be born early, often before 38 weeks, so it's important to understand your birth options. (bye.fyi)
  • What is the best week for the birth of twins? (bye.fyi)
  • Like all other mammals, horses are capable of carrying twins but the chances of this happening are rare, while the likelihood of a mare giving birth to two healthy foals is even less likely, but that doesn't mean to say it doesn't happen. (horsefactbook.com)
  • With somewhere between 250,000 and 300,000 horses being born in the US alone every year you might think that there would be a lot of twins, especially when you consider that there's a 1 in 10,000 chance of a mare carrying twins but this doesn't tell you the chances of a mare successfully giving birth. (horsefactbook.com)
  • Most mares will naturally abort the twins within the first two months, those that don't though will likely do so after the eighth month with only 20% of all mares carrying twins actually giving birth. (horsefactbook.com)
  • In 2018 a horse owned by Tania Mackee (at Gassons Farm Stud in Exeter, UK) gave birth to healthy identical twins, while this was incredible in itself, what was really amazing was that the same horse, known as Destiny, gave birth to more healthy twins less than two years later. (horsefactbook.com)
  • Nine-banded armadillos are the only mammals to produce double twins - they give birth to four identical offspring which share the same placenta during development. (animalresearch.info)
  • Can animals give birth to twins? (montanapost.com)
  • When a litter of dogs, for instance, consists of only two offspring, people tend to refer to the two puppies as twins. (montanapost.com)
  • But twins in cattle may result in birth complications for the cow and undersized calves with reduced survival rates. (montanapost.com)
  • It carries significant short-term and long-term adverse health outcomes for both mother and offspring, which reinforces the significance of understanding risk factors, in particular modifiable factors, for GDM and of preventing the condition. (springer.com)
  • Adverse birth outcomes, such as early gestational age and low birth weight, can have lasting effects on morbidity and mortality, with impacts that persist into adulthood. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In this sample of Filipino women, epigenetic clocks capturing multiple dimensions of biology and health do not predict birth outcomes in offspring. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Birth outcomes like birth weight, length, and gestational age predict both short- and long-term health. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Ordinal outcomes can also retain information and increase statistical power compared to dichotomised outcomes and can allow multiple clinical outcomes to be comprised in a single endpoint. (bvsalud.org)
  • Objectives To determine if risk of multiple sclerosis (MS) is associated with month of birth in countries in the northern hemisphere and if factors related to month of birth interact with genetic risk. (bmj.com)
  • Populations 17 874 Canadian patients and 11 502 British patients with multiple sclerosis. (bmj.com)
  • Main outcome measure Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. (bmj.com)
  • I had the opportunity to attend the annual meeting of the Consortium of Multiple Sclerosis Centers in Seattle recently and would like to take a moment to share some highlights from that conference. (msfocusmagazine.org)
  • All the neonates had a thorough physical to the general knowledge about the pre- examination at birth and in the first 24 hours disposing factors and different patterns of of life by a paediatric resident and/or an congenital malformations. (who.int)
  • Studies of month of birth and risk of MS have been carried out in several cohorts of people with MS, but sample sizes, ethnic groups, and statistical methods differed for each study and findings have been inconsistent. (bmj.com)
  • Background Parental personality may influence the course of offspring depression but this is unclear. (medrxiv.org)
  • It is also unknown whether the impact of parental personality on offspring depression is moderated by socioeconomic position (SEP). (medrxiv.org)
  • There is a large body of evidence showing that parental mental health problems are associated with an increase in the risk of a range offspring mental health problems. (medrxiv.org)
  • for the offspring of mammals, but can be used for any animal that gives birth to multiple young. (edwardbetts.com)
  • Dogs, like many other mammals, have the remarkable ability to give birth to multiple puppies in a single litter. (quatdi.com)
  • Conclusions Month of birth and risk of MS are associated, more so in familial cases, implying interactions between genes and environment that are related to climate. (bmj.com)
  • Chi-square tests and unconditional logistic regression models were used to compare the offspring sex ratio of male submariners with 2 other active duty populations and the U.S. population. (health.mil)
  • Multiple logistic regression was used to calculate adjusted ORs and 95% CIs for the association between solvent classes and CHDs. (cdc.gov)
  • Data collected included mother's age and ciencies exist in women of childbearing parity, infant's birth weight and gestation age [ 8,9 ]. (who.int)
  • The four identical offspring produced by armadillos are of great interest to scientists as they provide excellent experimental controls for genetic factors. (animalresearch.info)
  • The offspring of a very successful pairing of Camilio siblings, Jason won the AOBA Nationals championship in brown three years running. (txolan.org)
  • The finding also suggests that the species gave birth to live young. (ibtimes.com)
  • Also known as viviparity, live birth has also been observed in other species from this era like mosasaurs and ichthyosaurs as well as the present day sea snakes. (ibtimes.com)
  • Every species on this planet has to have multiple offspring just so one or two of them can survive to propagate the species. (kottke.org)
  • For many animal species it's the norm to have multiple babies at once. (montanapost.com)
  • Pigs are one species that gives birth to large litters. (montanapost.com)
  • Here we report results from a phylogenetic comparative analysis of over 1000 species of squamate reptile, nearly 100 of which exhibit facultative forms of group living, including prolonged parent-offspring associations. (lu.se)
  • The study examining nine different live-bearing fish species living in waters with toxic levels of hydrogen sulfide in Venezuela, Mexico, the Bahamas, Florida and Oklahoma shows that these fish have all evolved larger offspring size at birth compared to their counterparts living in nontoxic waters. (scienceblog.com)
  • While natural selection has repeatedly resulted in an adaptive shift in offspring size in toxic waters, we found that the reduction in fecundity, the number of offspring per brood, resulted from a correlation with offspring size and not because it represents an adaptation to these extreme conditions. (scienceblog.com)
  • Such interactions may act during gestation or shortly after birth in individuals born in the northern countries studied. (bmj.com)
  • 1 This may implicate environmental factor(s) such as shared timing of gestation or birth, or both. (bmj.com)
  • Marsupials have a very short gestation period and give birth to tiny, under-developed young - the equivalent of a six week old human foetus. (animalresearch.info)
  • After birth, they are likely to develop childhood obesity, impaired glucose tolerance and vascular disorders. (springer.com)
  • Childhood is generally defined as the period of life between birth and adulthood, but children can also be characterized by their stage of development, including prenatal, infant, toddler, school-age, pre-pubescent, and teen or adolescent. (rand.org)
  • Tourette syndrome is a phenomenologically heterogeneous neuropsychiatric disorder comprising multiple motor and vocal tics that begin in early childhood and persist for at least a year. (medscape.com)
  • Current clinical options to prevent transmission of mtDNA mutations to offspring are limited. (infertile.com)
  • Sadly though most of those births are stillborn or with one (or both) foals dying within the first two weeks. (horsefactbook.com)
  • However, the plesiosaurs are said to be unique in that they give birth to a single large offspring instead of multiple smaller ones as seen in other animals. (ibtimes.com)
  • Health care in first world countries is at such a high level now that almost every single human offspring will survive long enough to breed. (kottke.org)
  • Female orangutans typically give birth to a single offspring every 6-9 years. (orangutan-appeal.org.uk)
  • In conjunction with birthing big babies, fish in toxic environments also give birth to fewer offspring per brood. (scienceblog.com)
  • In mice, milk from mothers exposed to egg protein gave protection against egg allergy not only to the mothers' own offspring, but also to fostered newborns whose birth mothers had not received egg. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Live-bearing fish mothers in toxic North and South American waters try to give their offspring the best chance at surviving the harsh environment by giving birth to big babies, according to research published in Ecology Letters . (scienceblog.com)
  • Of these neonates, 109 (3.09%, 109 malformations (9.92/1000 live births). (who.int)
  • The rate of consanguineous marriage second in frequency in 22.0% (6.80/1000 among the neonates was 21.8% (768/3529) live births). (who.int)
  • For years together, scientists and researchers have been pondering about how plesiosaur gave birth to young ones. (ibtimes.com)
  • We've been present for the births of many puppies and kittens over the years - and the animal moms almost always deliver multiples. (montanapost.com)
  • While it's impossible to guarantee that this unique trait will be passed on to his offspring, Narnia recently fathered two kittens with coats that match his own distinctive coloring. (quatdi.com)
  • Differences in birth weight between immigrants' and natives' children in Europe and Australia: a LifeCycle comparative observational cohort study. (harvard.edu)
  • The food allergy protections described in the study are dependent on specific proteins, some provided by the mother, others by the offspring. (sciencedaily.com)
  • By identifying these proteins and proposing a mechanism through which mother and offspring contribute to the development of food tolerance in the newborn mouse, the research opens new opportunities to study how the protections break down in the case of food allergy and how such breakdowns might be prevented. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The mouse study found that when a nursing mother is exposed to a food protein, her milk contains complexes of the food protein combined with her antibodies, which are transferred to the offspring through breastfeeding. (sciencedaily.com)
  • A 1970 record-based study from the Naval Submarine Medical Research Laboratory found a higher proportion of female offspring among male Navy personnel serving aboard nuclear-powered submarines than among the general U.S. population. (health.mil)
  • 12 A 2004 survey-based study did not corroborate this finding, but it did report a decrease in offspring sex ratio with additional time in the submarine community and detected lower sex ratios among submariners with certain naval ratings (i.e., occupational specialties), such as sonar technicians. (health.mil)
  • A widespread life-history tradeoff is that females can either have a few, large offspring or many, small offspring, but usually not many, large offspring," said Rüdiger Riesch, a postdoctoral researcher who led the study. (scienceblog.com)
  • But he adds that while evolving bigger babies represents an adaptation to toxic waters, the reduced number of offspring appears to largely reflect a side effect of the shift toward bigger babies. (scienceblog.com)
  • Those with the trait have no symptoms but can pass the gene on to their offspring. (who.int)
  • Her 2018 daughter, Amber Autumn Katch the Moment, is a 2X Champion and multiple Blue-Ribbon winner! (txolan.org)
  • By selectively breeding ewes that produce multiple offspring with higher birth weights for generations, sheep producers have inadvertently caused some domestic sheep to have difficulty lambing balancing ease of lambing with tom clancy's rainbow six siege hacks free productivity is one of the dilemmas of sheep breeding. (wishyoutravels.com)
  • It demonstrates that the plesiosaur gives live birth and did not crawl out on land (to lay eggs). (ibtimes.com)
  • Female dogs and cats ovulate multiple eggs at one time . (montanapost.com)
  • Children with thalassaemia are often healthy at birth, but become anaemic between the ages of six months and two years. (who.int)
  • As a result of multiple transfusions over the years, various organs become severely overloaded with iron, and, in order to avoid death in adolescence, regular subcutaneous infusion of an iron-chelating agent is essential. (who.int)
  • Social stigma and compounded losses: quality-of-life issues for multiple-birth families. (ucsd.edu)
  • RAND research on children covers the prenatal period to age 18 and spans multiple research areas, including health, education, criminal justice, and safety. (rand.org)
  • Psychosocial risks associated with multiple births resulting from assisted reproduction. (ucsd.edu)
  • Diagnosis of this rare, often fatal, disorder is one of exclusion, with older, overweight, black women - especially those with multiple births - at greatest risk. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Multiple research groups have developed artificial mitochondrial transfer/transplantation (AMT/T) methods that transfer healthy mitochondria into damaged cells and recover cellular function. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Antenatal iron supplementation, FGF23, and bone metabolism in Kenyan women and their offspring: secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial " (2021) Am J Clin Nutr . (cam.ac.uk)
  • Among 2 175 762 women resident in Norway in 31.12.1996, all women who gave birth in 1996-7 were identified from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway. (biomedcentral.com)
  • According to the developmental overnutrition hypothesis, this could lead offspring to have metabolic disruption throughout their lives, and, thus perpetuate the obesity epidemic across generations. (biorxiv.org)
  • Globally, the percentage of carriers of thalassaemia is greater than that of carriers of sickle-cell anaemia, but because of the higher frequency of the sickle-cell gene in certain regions, the number of affected births is higher than with thalassaemia. (who.int)
  • For example, at birth, offspring are more likely to be large, macrosomic and suffer from birth injury [ 1 ]. (springer.com)
  • Contrary to previous studies, this large, record-based analysis found no evidence to suggest the offspring sex ratio of male active duty U.S. Navy submariners is different from that of other active duty populations or the U.S. population as a whole. (health.mil)
  • What mankind really needs now is a little birth control to keep ourselves from over-running the planet on which we live. (kottke.org)
  • Sex ratio is conventionally defined as the proportion of male to female live births in a given population. (health.mil)
  • After all, cats, dogs, and many other animals give birth to multiple offspring after each breeding, so why don't horses? (horsefactbook.com)
  • Speaking of offspring, there was a call to ban infertility treatments that would result in multiple births. (crooksandliars.com)
  • However, older thalassaemics may have to contend with multiple conditions including early osteoporosis, cardiac disease, pulmonary hypertension and diabetes, some of which result from increased iron deposition in the endocrine glands and myocardial cells. (who.int)
  • It is the offspring of a male donkey (a jack) and a female horse (a mare). (edwardbetts.com)
  • A hinny is a domestic equine hybrid, the offspring of a male horse (a stallion) and a female donkey (a jenny). (edwardbetts.com)