AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesTechnology, Industry, AgricultureNamed GroupsHealth CareGeographicals
Methylmercury CompoundsMercury Poisoning, Nervous SystemMercury PoisoningMercuryFood ContaminationHairEnvironmental PollutantsMercury CompoundsSeychellesSeafoodFishesWater Pollutants, ChemicalUnithiolMercury IsotopesOrganomercury CompoundsEthylmercury CompoundsMaternal ExposurePrenatal Exposure Delayed EffectsIraqEnvironmental ExposureDental StaffVolatilizationWater Pollution, ChemicalBody BurdenF-Box MotifsSeleniumAtlantic IslandsMaternal-Fetal ExchangeFish ProductsOrganoselenium CompoundsMercuric Chloride
MEHGSaltsHigher levels of methylmercuryCarcinogenic to humansToxicityAmount of methylmercuryExposureOrganic compoundsMETHYL MERCURYAquatic food chainOrganotinThimerosalInorganic compoundsElemental mercurySpeciesFungicideOrganomercuryHighly toxic compoundHumansMicroorganismsUnited Nations EAccumulateBindsBuildsPFASShellfishNaturallyFormMercuricBacteriaConcentrationsAbsorbFishVaporDevelopmentalFood chainInhalationPCBsLevelsSulfurHeavy metalsHumanAmountsRatsFetusVaccinesFoundWidely
MEHG1
  • Methylmercury (MeHg) is a worldwide contaminant found in seafood and freshwater fish, which constitute the dominant source of human exposure to this substance. (cdc.gov)
Salts7
  • Mercury's zero oxidation state (Hg0) exists as vapor or as liquid metal, its mercurous state (Hg+) exists as inorganic salts, and its mercuric state (Hg2+) may form either inorganic salts or organomercury compounds. (wikipedia.org)
  • Mercury has 3 forms: (1) elemental mercury, (2) inorganic salts, and (3) organic compounds. (medscape.com)
  • It can combine with other substances to form solid compounds that are categorized into two groups: inorganic mercury salts and organic mercury compounds. (cdc.gov)
  • Inorganic mercury compounds are formed when mercury combines with other elements, such as sulfur or oxygen, to form compounds or salts. (cdc.gov)
  • Mercury(II) oxide, HgO, provides elemental mercury for the preparation of various organic mercury compounds and certain inorganic mercury salts. (atheistsforhumanrights.org)
  • When mercury reacts with another substance, it forms a compound, such as inorganic mercury salts or methylmercury. (atheistsforhumanrights.org)
  • Brief ly, mercury may be present in nature in three conditions: forming organic compounds (methylmercury, for example), in the form of inorganic salts (linked to chlorine, sulfur, oxygen) and as a metal compound. (bvsalud.org)
Higher levels of methylmercury1
  • Feathers from more recent specimens contained higher levels of methylmercury, spiking during the 1990s when mercury emissions in Asia rose considerably. (mongabay.com)
Carcinogenic to humans2
  • The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classified methylmercury compounds as possibly carcinogenic to humans. (cdc.gov)
  • Methylmercury compounds are considered possible carcinogenic to humans according to the International Agency for Research on Cancer. (zeromercury.org)
Toxicity3
  • Although there are many potential sources of exposure to mercury and its compounds, most people can be reassured that they are at low risk of mercury toxicity. (bpac.org.nz)
  • History demonstrates the toxicity of methylmercury. (vumc.org)
  • Form of the mercuric compound (e.g. organic vs. inorganic) and route of exposure (dermal, inhalation, ingestion, injection) dictates toxicity. (everlyreport.com)
Amount of methylmercury2
  • Therefore, pregnant women and young children should be very careful when eating fish because ingesting large amount of methylmercury can affect the brain development of foetuses and children. (consumer.org.hk)
  • This refers to the amount of ethylmercury in the blood after it's injected via vaccine, based on the observation that the amount of ethylmercury in the blood drops more quickly than the same amount of methylmercury (9). (everlyreport.com)
Exposure12
  • Children's exposure to mercury compounds. (who.int)
  • High-level exposure to methylmercury is known as Minamata disease. (wikipedia.org)
  • Methylmercury exposure in children may result in acrodynia (pink disease) in which the skin becomes pink and peels. (wikipedia.org)
  • The effects of long-term low-dose exposure to methylmercury are unclear. (wikipedia.org)
  • Methylmercury exposure and health effects in humans. (cdc.gov)
  • If repeatedly eaten or applied to the skin over long period of time, some inorganic mercury compounds can cause effects similar to what is seen with long term mercury vapor exposure, including neurological disturbances, memory problems, skin rash, and kidney abnormalities. (cdc.gov)
  • Increased methylmercury exposure from maternal consumption of pilot whale meat was indicated by mercury concentrations in cord blood and maternal hair. (pure.fo)
  • The effects on brain function associated with prenatal methylmercury exposure therefore appear widespread, and early dysfunction is detectable at exposure levels currently considered safe. (pure.fo)
  • In 1999, the American Academy of Pediatrics and the Public Health Service called for mercury to be removed from vaccines because it was found that the amount of mercury in vaccines given to infants exceeded the EPA reference dose or per day exposure threshold for methylmercury. (everlyreport.com)
  • found by comparing methylmercury to thimerosal that while blood levels of ethylmercury post-injection drop more rapidly than blood levels of methylmercury post-ingestion, the percentage of inorganic mercury deposited in the brain after exposure to thimerosal was nearly five times higher than the amount of inorganic mercury deposited after methylmercury exposure. (everlyreport.com)
  • Ethylmercury exposure typically comes through using thimerosal, an organic compound which contains high concentrations of the substance, in various industries and products, where its use poses risks of exposure. (ablogwithadifference.com)
  • The expert toxicologist will establish the various exposure pathways and assess exposure based on a determination of cumulative dosage by each pathway for each heavy metal and/or heavy metal valence or compound. (experttoxicologist.com)
Organic compounds2
  • This is a group of organic compounds that contain tin, such as TBT and TPT. (it-recycling.nl)
  • In the form of organic compounds, the main intoxication pathway occurs by ingestion, such as when we eat fish contaminated with mercury (Minamata disease), and this is the main (and more severe) way of human contamination. (bvsalud.org)
METHYL MERCURY2
  • The effect of phenobarbital on the biliary excretion of metals in rats was com-pared among methyl mercury, inorganic mercury and cadmium compounds from which phenobarbital prevented animals. (go.jp)
  • Microscopic organisms convert mercury into methyl-mercury, the most common organic mercury compound. (coosariver.org)
Aquatic food chain2
  • Microbial metabolism of deposited mercury can create methylmercury, which has the capacity to collect in organisms (bioaccumulate) and to concentrate up food chains (biomagnify), especially in the aquatic food chain. (zeromercury.org)
  • Inorganic mercury is converted by bacteria to methylmercury compounds that bioaccululate in the aquatic food chain and reach the highest concentration in predatory fish. (vumc.org)
Organotin2
  • Metals and metals speciation including methylmercury, organotin compounds, arsenic species and selenium. (alsglobal.com)
  • Organotin compounds increased the risk of miscarriages in rats. (it-recycling.nl)
Thimerosal3
  • Thimerosal and phenylmercuric acetate are other types of organic mercury compounds made in small amounts for use as preservatives. (cdc.gov)
  • It is present in vaccines in the form of a compound known as thimerosal. (everlyreport.com)
  • As part of their oversight function regulators and health organizations regularly assess and monitor how thimerosal is utilized as well as any other mercury-containing compounds for safe public usage. (ablogwithadifference.com)
Inorganic compounds1
Elemental mercury4
  • Most people are exposed to organic mercury compounds (typically methylmercury) in food (such as fish, seafood, rice) or to elemental mercury from dental fillings. (cdc.gov)
  • Workers exposed to elemental mercury vapor and people who eat foods with high levels of methylmercury experienced tremors, incoordination, impaired vision, impaired learning and memory, and mood changes. (cdc.gov)
  • Animals that breathed elemental mercury vapor or ate organic or inorganic mercury compounds in their diets showed nervous system effects and/or kidney damage. (cdc.gov)
  • Target organs for elemental mercury vapour (Hg 0 ) are the brain and kidney and the target organ for inorganic Hg compounds (IHg, Hg 2+ ) is the kidney [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Species4
  • As marine predators and other fish-eating species (including humans) eat other mercury-contaminated organisms, the methylmercury "biomagnifies" - it becomes more concentrated in predators over time as they absorb it from their prey. (newstatesman.com)
  • We are starting to find high levels [of methylmercury] in endangered and sensitive species across marine, freshwater, and terrestrial ecosystems, indicating that mercury pollution and its subsequent chemical reactions in the environment may be important factors in species population declines," explains study co-author Michael Bank, a research associate in the Department of Environmental Health at Harvard School of Public Health (HSPH). (mongabay.com)
  • Methylmercury levels vary among fish, with larger fish (predatory fish species) generally carrying higher risks. (consumer.org.hk)
  • It then settles into waterbodies, where it accumulates in fish and other aquatic species and is converted into methylmercury, a compound that is more toxic to humans. (circleofblue.org)
Fungicide2
  • In Iraq in the 1970s, bread was made from grain that had been treated with a fungicide containing methylmercury. (vumc.org)
  • These pine seeds were a part of a 1970 investigation into their possible contamination with a fungicide, methylmercury dicyandiamide, which were fed to hogs owned by a family who had subsequently butchered and ate one of the hogs. (cdc.gov)
Organomercury2
  • Ethylmercury is an organomercury compound with the chemical formula C2H5Hg+ (sometimes written as CH3CH2Hg+). (ablogwithadifference.com)
  • Ethylmercury differs from another organomercury compound called methylmercury (CH3Hg+), which occurs naturally and in high quantities in seafood and fish consumed from marine environments. (ablogwithadifference.com)
Highly toxic compound2
  • Methylmercury is a highly toxic compound that binds tightly to nerves, inducing significant nerve damage. (selfgrowth.com)
  • Once released into water, it's consumed by microoganisms that transform it into the highly toxic compound methylmercury. (newstatesman.com)
Humans3
  • Some humans and animals that ate mercury compounds had high blood pressure and alterations in their immune systems. (cdc.gov)
  • Mercury and its compounds are highly toxic to humans, especially to the developing nervous system. (zeromercury.org)
  • The long-term effects of musk compounds on humans are largely unknown. (it-recycling.nl)
Microorganisms2
  • Mercury enters rivers and oceans through emissions from volcanic eruptions, mining activities, and industrial waste, and is converted into methylmercury by microorganisms in the water. (consumer.org.hk)
  • When fish ingest these microorganisms, methylmercury builds up in the fish. (consumer.org.hk)
United Nations E1
  • Methylmercury / published under the joint sponsorship of the United Nations Environment Programme, the International Labour Organisation, and the World Health Organization. (who.int)
Accumulate3
  • Larger fish eat smaller contaminated fish, and continuously accumulate methylmercury at harmful levels for human consumption," Ms Gionfriddo said. (wattsupwiththat.com)
  • but those planning for pregnancy should really start paying heed to the type of fish they eat a year before conception as methylmercury can gradually accumulate in the body over time. (consumer.org.hk)
  • Musk compounds dissolve easily in fat, so once released into the environment, they accumulate in the fatty tissue of fish and other aquatic organisms. (it-recycling.nl)
Binds2
  • Fish protein binds more than 90% of the consumed methylmercury so tightly that even the most vigorous cooking methods (eg, deep-frying, boiling, baking, pan-frying) cannot remove it. (medscape.com)
  • Methylmercury is a more toxic compound than mercury that binds with organic molecules when it is released through industrial processes, such as burning coal and other fossil fuels. (mongabay.com)
Builds2
  • Over time, methylmercury builds up in aquatic environments, mainly through the food chain. (newstatesman.com)
  • Methylmercury builds up in the food web through a process called 'biomagnification', said Ms Gionfriddo, PhD candidate from the School of Earth Sciences, University of Melbourne. (wattsupwiththat.com)
PFAS1
  • Today, Teflon-like compounds called PFAS are found in the blood of almost all Americans. (ewg.org)
Shellfish1
  • People may be exposed when they eat fish or shellfish contaminated with methylmercury. (cdc.gov)
Naturally2
Form3
  • Perhaps the most deadly form of mercury is methylmercury. (medscape.com)
  • Industrial mercury pollution is often in the inorganic form, but aquatic organisms and vegetation in waterways such as rivers, lakes, and bays convert it to deadly methylmercury. (medscape.com)
  • Published today in the journal Nature Microbiology , the results are the first to show that sea-ice bacteria can change mercury into methylmercury, a more toxic form that can contaminate the marine environment, including fish and birds. (wattsupwiththat.com)
Mercuric2
  • The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has determined that mercuric chloride (inorganic mercury salt) and methylmercury (organic mercury compound) are possible human carcinogens (cause cancer). (cdc.gov)
  • Crude oil and unprocessed gas condensates contain significant amounts of suspended mercury compounds mainly mercuric sulfide. (researchgate.net)
Bacteria1
  • These results are the first to identify a particular genus of bacteria, Nitrospina, as capable of producing methylmercury in Antarctic ice," Dr Moreau said. (wattsupwiththat.com)
Concentrations1
  • The results of this project will help inform pet owners about potentially hazardous mercury concentrations and compounds in the products they feed their furbabies, as well as determine if the high-priced meat products plaguing the pet food aisles are worth our hard-earned money or are full of inexpensive filler. (unr.edu)
Absorb1
  • Chlorella is algae with the ability to absorb methylmercury. (selfgrowth.com)
Fish9
  • One type of organic mercury compound called methylmercury can build up in plants and fish. (cdc.gov)
  • The findings, however, also point to the potential human intake of methylmercury by eating marine fish. (mongabay.com)
  • However, there is a great deal of knowledge behind fish selection as they contain methylmercury, an organic compound of mercury that is harmful to the human body. (consumer.org.hk)
  • so predatory fish usually have higher methylmercury levels. (consumer.org.hk)
  • If one often eats fish with high methylmercury levels, it may take over a year for the body to reduce its methylmercury level substantially. (consumer.org.hk)
  • Furthermore, one cannot reduce the methylmercury in fish simply by cooking. (consumer.org.hk)
  • Consumers need not exclude fish entirely due to concerns about methylmercury, but simply avoid fish with high methylmercury levels. (consumer.org.hk)
  • To complicate matters, a couple of studies in people from fish-eating islands who have elevated methylmercury levels do not demonstrate any ill-effects. (vumc.org)
  • Methylmercury has been extensively studied as a result of its accumulation in fish. (everlyreport.com)
Vapor1
  • Metal compound is not absorbed by ingestion, but it has high vapor pressure and is much absorbed by inhalation, which are odorless and colorless. (bvsalud.org)
Developmental2
  • Infants born to women who were poisoned with methylmercury had developmental abnormalities and cerebral palsy. (cdc.gov)
  • If ingested, methylmercury can travel to the brain, causing developmental and physical problems in foetuses, infants and children. (wattsupwiththat.com)
Food chain2
  • Organic mercury compounds, specifically methylmercury, are concentrated in the food chain. (medscape.com)
  • Microscopic organisms in water and soil can convert elemental and inorganic mercury into an organic mercury compound, methylmercury, which accumulates in the food chain. (cdc.gov)
Inhalation1
  • 25 Similarly, studies have shown that maintenance and inspection workers in oil and gas operations are exposed to high levels of mercury and its related compounds through inhalation and dermal absorption, which poses grave risks to their health and safety. (researchgate.net)
PCBs1
  • Some are long-outlawed compounds that still linger among us (PCBs). (orionmagazine.org)
Levels4
  • In people exposed to high levels of methylmercury in their diets, birth defects have occurred. (cdc.gov)
  • Animals that ate high levels of mercury compounds showed decreased fertility and/or birth defects. (cdc.gov)
  • researchers have uncovered rising levels of the toxic methylmercury in the endangered birds that is generally consistent with rising mercury emissions in the Pacific region. (mongabay.com)
  • consumers who are interested to find out the results on their methylmercury levels and parasites found may refer to the article '10 Tuna Sashimi Samples Had Methylmercury Levels Exceeded Regulatory Limits 2 Found to Contain Parasites' (Chinese version only) in Issue #510 of CHOICE Magazine . (consumer.org.hk)
Sulfur2
Heavy metals2
  • Some of them are heavy metals, such as lead and methylmercury. (orionmagazine.org)
  • Heavy metals are transported as either a dissolved compound in water or as an integral part of suspended sediments. (experttoxicologist.com)
Human3
  • The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) has not evaluated the potential of mercury or mercury compounds to cause cancer in people. (cdc.gov)
  • ALS also offers a range of tests for biota, and depending on the compound can test terrestrial and aquatic plants and animals, animal tissue, eggs, blood and serum, as well as human blood, human serum and human milk. (alsglobal.com)
  • Studies in animals are suggestive that DMSA may chelate methylmercury, but there is no human data. (vumc.org)
Amounts2
  • When eaten in large amounts, some inorganic mercury compounds can be very irritating and corrosive to the digestive system. (cdc.gov)
  • Large amounts of methylmercury eaten over weeks to months have caused damage to the nervous system. (cdc.gov)
Rats2
  • Rats that ate an inorganic mercury compound for a long period of time developed stomach or thyroid cancer. (cdc.gov)
  • Rats and mice that aate organic mercury compounds for a long period of time developed kidney cancer. (cdc.gov)
Fetus1
  • Methylmercury can pass through the placenta, exposing the developing fetus. (cdc.gov)
Vaccines1
Found1
  • New research has found methylmercury - a potent neurotoxin - in sea ice in the Southern Ocean. (wattsupwiththat.com)
Widely2