• Three of the most common-and most painful-tests conducted are referred to as "lethal dose 50" or "LD50" tests. (pcrm.org)
  • The in vivo experiment was done by administering 5000 mg/kg of embelin to a single female albino Wistar rat, followed by three female rats in the absence of death, to determine the mean lethal dose (LD50). (bvsalud.org)
  • Toxicity is very low, the oral 50% lethal dose being 10 000 mg/kg in rats and the maximum tolerated dose being 300 mg/kg in dogs. (springer.com)
  • other: Signs of toxicity related to dose levels: The only sign of toxicity was soft stool in two females on the day of treatment. (europa.eu)
  • The "L.D." in the album's title refers to "lethal dose," and the "50" refers to a level of toxicity at which 50 out of 100 test animals will die. (play-asia.com)
  • For example, polonium-210 (Po-210) has a specific activity of 166 terabecquerels per gm (TBq/g), and 1 mcg (about the size of a grain of salt) of Po-210 delivers a whole body dose of 50 Sv (~20 times the median lethal dose). (msdmanuals.com)
  • Joachimoglu reported an LD 50 of 1.5 gm/kg for natural hashish extract administered intraperitoneally. (unodc.org)
  • 2. Exaggerated oral dosing over a five-day period with as much as 125 gm/kg total dose did not produce any gross or microscopic pathology in Sprague Dawley rats. (nih.gov)
  • O'Shaughnessy and Moreau de Tours administered large amounts of hashish extracts to mice, rabbits and rats without producing any lethal effects. (unodc.org)
  • The intravenous LD 50 in rats and mice is in the vicinity of 30 and 40 mg/kg respectively with death occurring in 15 minutes. (unodc.org)
  • By oral route, LD 50 is greater in female than in male rats. (unodc.org)
  • The test material was administered to 10 Crl:CD BR rats (5 per sex) by oral gavage, at a single dose of 5000 mg/kg in corn oil. (europa.eu)
  • The present study investigated the antiulcer activity of Udumbara Ghanasatwa at two graded doses by pylorus ligation model in rats. (ijpsonline.com)
  • XDE-795 (97.4% pure) was fed in diet to Sprague-Dawley rats (30/sex/dose) at 0, 5, 20 and 100 mg/kg/day, 7 days/week for 2 generations. (fluoridealert.org)
  • Rats in the first three groups were treated with S. guineense extract at doses of 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg body weight, respectively. (bvsalud.org)
  • Results: Treatment of rats, with high dose (1000 mg/kg) of S. guineense, significantly prolonged the duration of estrous cycle and reduced weight of uterus and ovaries as well as the number of total and live birth pups. (bvsalud.org)
  • Conclusion: Administration of high doses of S. guineense could be toxic to some aspects of the reproductive system of female rats and might also affect reproduction. (bvsalud.org)
  • Margins of exposure were not calculated for non-cancer effects in this assessment since non-cancer effects occurred at a dose at which tumours were observed and because the information available indicates that exposures of the general Canadian population to 2-nitrotoluene from either environmental media or consumer products are expected to be negligible. (gc.ca)
  • Insecticidal activity, as determined by the use of the inhalation test, and expressed as the LD 50 and LD 95 after 96 hours of exposure was 2.32 and 21.92 μ L/L air, respectively. (hindawi.com)
  • In the contact test, a 96-hour exposure resulted in LD 50 and LD 95 of 5.51 and 11.05 μ L/L of air, respectively. (hindawi.com)
  • Ionizing radiation injures tissues variably, depending on factors such as radiation dose, rate of exposure, type of radiation, and part of the body exposed. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Recent improvements in F. psychrophilum cultivation made it possible to produce bacterial suspensions with nearly constant viability and to complete challenge injections in rainbow trout fingerlings, using accurately adjusted infective doses. (int-res.com)
  • According to Loewe, the LD 50 (lethality in 50% of animals administered the toxic) of cannabis extracts administered to mice, orally, subcutaneously, and intravenously were 21.6, 11.0, and 0.18 gm/kg respectively. (unodc.org)
  • many of the latter were associated with high 50% lethal doses but some had significant toxic effects. (cdc.gov)
  • Clinical trials have shown that silymarin exerts hepatoprotective effects in acute viral hepatitis, poisoning by A. phalloides , toxic hepatitis produced by psychotropic agents and alcohol-related liver disease, including cirrhosis, at daily doses ranging from 280 to 800mg, equivalent to 400 to 1140mg of standardised extract. (springer.com)
  • The use of high doses increases the likelihood that potentially significant toxic effects will be identified. (fluoridealert.org)
  • 20 μL of challenge dose was introduced intranasally onto the nostrils of the mice by using a pipette tip. (cdc.gov)
  • 20 μL of challenge dose was introduced orally to the back of the throat of the mice by using a pipette tip. (cdc.gov)
  • We recently provided evidence that the generation of endogenous extracellular vesicles (EVs) engineered for the incorporation of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2 Nucleocapsid (N) protein induced immunity in the lungs of K18-hACE2 transgenic mice, which then can survive the lethal virus infection. (nature.com)
  • 97.4% pure) was fed in diet to Crl:CD-1 (ICR)BR mice (50/sex/dose) at 0, 20, 80 and 250 mg/kg/day for 80 weeks. (fluoridealert.org)
  • Dosing regimens for most chronically used drugs are designed to provide plasma concentrations that are continuously greater than a minimally effective concentration. (nih.gov)
  • EC 50 (effect concentration) refers to the test concentration of a substance at which 50 % of the animals are estimated to be immobile/dead. (janusinfo.se)
  • Can also be called LC 50 (lethal concentration) or IC 50 (inhibitory concentration). (janusinfo.se)
  • Absorption of isosorbide dinitrate after oral dosing is nearly complete, but bioavailability is highly variable (10% to 90%), with extensive first-pass metabolism in the liver. (nih.gov)
  • the oral lethal dose is generally 2 to 4 times higher. (vin.com)
  • Attempts to overcome nitrate tolerance by dose escalation, even to doses far in excess of those used acutely, have consistently failed. (nih.gov)
  • The initial dose level was selected by the study director to be that which is most likely to produce mortality in some of the dosed animals. (europa.eu)
  • Lethal doses 50% lower than 10 3 colony forming units were consistently obtained in trout weighing 3 to 5 g, and the regular shape of the cumulative mortality curves appeared to lend itself to quantitative analyses. (int-res.com)
  • What LD 50 means is the dose or amount of a pesticide which can kill 50% of the test animals when eaten or absorbed through the skin. (spokanecounty.org)
  • All chemicals are assigned Lethal Dose (LD 50) numerical values through certain testing procedures. (spokanecounty.org)
  • Therefore, consuming high dose of S. guineense leaves is not recommended. (bvsalud.org)
  • Acute radiation syndromes can be caused by a sufficient dose of some internally deposited radionuclides that are widely distributed in tissues and organs and have a high specific activity. (msdmanuals.com)
  • DHEA is possibly unsafe when used in high doses or long-term. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Growth depression was observed at higher dose levels. (inchem.org)
  • Do not use DHEA in doses higher than 50-100 mg daily or for a long period of time. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Using higher doses or using it long-term can increase the risk of serious side effects including cancer. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The effect of chlorfenvinphos insecticide in small often repeated dose. (cdc.gov)
  • The daily dose-free interval sufficient to avoid tolerance to organic nitrates has not been well defined. (nih.gov)
  • Studies of nitroglycerin (an organic nitrate with a very short half-life) have shown that daily dose-free intervals of 10 to 12 hours are usually sufficient to minimize tolerance. (nih.gov)
  • DDD (defined daily dose) is the assumed average maintenance dose per day for a drug used for its main indication in adults. (janusinfo.se)
  • The DDD is a unit of measurement and does not necessarily reflect the recommended or prescribed daily dose (PDD). (janusinfo.se)
  • DHEA has been used safely for up to 2 years, usually in doses of 50 mg daily. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The Merck Veterinary Manual puts a lethal dose (for 50% of the canine population) at 250 and 500 mg of theobromine per kg of body weight but warns that deaths have been reported at dosages as low as 115 mg/kg. (mongabay.com)
  • XDE-795 was administered for 2 years to 50/sex/dose for chronic/oncogenicity assessment. (fluoridealert.org)
  • The Ghanasatwa exerted significant protective effects in both pylorus ligation-induced gastric ulcer and castor oil induced diarrhoeal models in a dose-dependent manner. (ijpsonline.com)
  • Granted, that's a lot of chocolate but remember that for some dogs a lethal dose could be only half that amount. (mongabay.com)
  • 97.4% pure) was fed in diet to Beagle dogs (4/sex/dose) at 0, 5, 20 or 200 mg/kg/day for 1year. (fluoridealert.org)
  • The recent availability of Δ 9 - and Δ 8 -THC has allowed pharmacologists and toxicologists to establish dose-response curves relating physiopathological effects to dose administered. (unodc.org)
  • A group of animal activists, who call themselves LD 50, break into an animal research facility, when Gary gets caught in a bear trap. (wikipedia.org)
  • The cages were identified by cards, with information about study code, sex, dose group, cage number and individual animal numbers. (europa.eu)
  • In both studies there was a clear dose-response relationship between average residential THM levels and risk of bladder in men but not in women (see Table). (who.int)
  • This insolubility makes it very difficult to study Δ 9 -THC in isolated tissue preparations suspended or incubated in the standard electrolyte solutions (such as Krebs Ringer) and obtain dose response curves. (unodc.org)
  • When different pharmaceuticals contain the same active substance but have clearly different indications and are used in substantially different doses, the substances end up in different groups. (janusinfo.se)