• Huddlestone JF, Marigan TC, Oldstone MB (1979) Induction and kinetics of natural killer cells in humans following interferon therapy. (springer.com)
  • Interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) potentiates immune responses against viral pathogens that induce toll-like receptor-3 (TLR3) activation but evokes severe major depressive disorder in humans by mechanisms that remain insufficiently described. (uni-koeln.de)
  • Nucleotide sequence of a portion of human chromosome 9 containing a leukocyte interferon gene cluster. (nih.gov)
  • Bash JA, Woody JN, Neefe JR (1982) Phase I trial of immunomodulatory activities of human leukocyte interferon in advanced cancer patients. (springer.com)
  • V. Enhancement of spontaneous cytotoxicity in patients receiving human leukocyte interferon. (springer.com)
  • Karinieni AL, Timonen T, Kousa M (1980) Effect of leukocyte interferon on natural killer cells in healthy volunteers. (springer.com)
  • We present a biophysical characterization of the oligomerization and aggregation processes by Interferon alpha-2a (IFNα-2a), a protein drug with antiviral and immunomodulatory properties. (lu.se)
  • Interferon α 2A human has been used to check its antiviral action against chikungunya virus. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Alpha interferon has direct antiviral activity and also enhances HCV-specific T-cell responses. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Recent results with ribavirin and alpha interferon together suggest that combination antiviral therapy will become the benchmark treatment. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The side effects of interferon can be grouped into three categories, according to Cancer Research UK . (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Another study , which was done in 2012, looked at the effects of interferon on increasing risk of heart disease in people with lupus . (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • At the same time, a 2004 study looked at the effects of interferon on the heart health of people with chronic hepatitis . (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Based on an ex vivo explant culture model, we decipher the immunopathologic effects of interferon alpha on the human intestinal mucosa. (hal.science)
  • Identification of nine interferon-alpha subtypes produced by Sendai virus-induced human peripheral blood leucocytes. (nih.gov)
  • Synthetic, recombinant interferon derived by assigning the most commonly observed amino acid in each position of several alpha IFN subtypes to create a consensus sequence. (drugfuture.com)
  • Researchers have long hypothesized that interferons evolved many different subtypes not just for the sake of redundancy, but because those subtypes have different biologic roles," said Oldstone. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Interferon beta-1a, currently in use to treat multiple sclerosis , and interferon alfa-2b are both under investigation as potential treatments for people with COVID-19 coronavirus disease, the deadly respiratory pandemic caused by the SARS -nCoV-2 virus. (hdkino.org)
  • Other cytokines including tumour necrosis factor alpha, transforming growth factor beta 1, interleukin 1 and interleukin 6 have no inhibitory effect. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Spironolactone inhibits production of proinflammatory cytokines, including tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma, and has potential in the treatment of arthritis. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The response rate, efficacy, side-effects, reasons for discontinuation of therapy and survival rate of 47 patients treated with temozolomide in combination with two different dosing regimens of IFN-alpha 2b were documented. (nih.gov)
  • Our aim was to compare the efficacy of interferon-alpha alone and in combination with ribavirin in chronic hepatitis C patients infected with genotype 4. (ox.ac.uk)
  • We used BM-MSCs engineered with the murine interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) gene (BM-MSCs/IFN-alpha) to assess in a mouse plasmacytoma model the efficacy of this approach towards neoplastic plasma cells. (univr.it)
  • Improved therapeutic efficacy has been reported using biochemical modulation of 5-FU by leucovorin (LV) or interferon alpha (IFN), the combination of 5-FU/LV frequently considered as standard therapy in metastatic colorectal cancer. (kl.ac.at)
  • Long-term efficacy of treatment of chronic hepatitis C with alpha interferon or alpha interferon and ribavirin. (ox.ac.uk)
  • efficacy of interferon alfa therapy. (edu.pk)
  • Interferon therapy is not recommended because of its cost and its association with a high frequency of adverse side effects, and efficacy is no greater than that of other available therapies. (cdc.gov)
  • Efficacy of interferon injected directly into genital warts (intralesional therapy) during two randomized trials was 44%-61%, with recurrences among none to 67% of patients. (cdc.gov)
  • Predicted to enable cytokine activity and type I interferon receptor binding activity. (nih.gov)
  • NMR structure of the interferon-binding ectodomain of the human interferon receptor. (wikidoc.org)
  • The interferon-α/β receptor (IFNAR) is a virtually ubiquitous membrane receptor which binds endogenous type I interferon (IFN) cytokines. (wikidoc.org)
  • The levels of presynaptic protein vesicular glutamate transporter (VGLUT)-1 and postsynaptic protein postsynaptic density-95 (PSD95) were specifically decreased, whereas the expression of both synaptic and extrasynaptic alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor 1 (AMPAR1) was increased by IFN-alpha and poly(I:C) delivery. (uni-koeln.de)
  • Oldstone notes blockade of type I interferon receptor signaling corrected virus-induced disorganization of secondary lymphoid tissue, allowed migration of T cells in the lymphoid tissue and diminished molecules responsible for aborting virus-specific T cell activity -- all leading to restoration of T cell function and control of the viral infection. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Between 20% and 40% of hepatitis C virus patients treated with interferon-α and ribavirin develop autoantibodies showing a peculiar antinuclear antibodies pattern characterized as rods and rings (RR) structures. (wjgnet.com)
  • Serum levels of interferon-g (IFg), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFa) and autoantibodies (a-AT) to these cytokines were investigated in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). (msk.ru)
  • Gribova I.E., Gnedenko B.B., Poleshchuk V.V., Morozov S.G. (2003) Content of interferon-gamma, alpha tumor necrosis factor and autoantibodies to them in blood serum during parkinson's disease. (msk.ru)
  • Interferon alpha-n3 (Alferon-N) is a medication consisting of purified natural human interferon alpha proteins used for the treatment of genital warts. (wikipedia.org)
  • Interferon proteins are normally considered virus-fighters, but scientists have found evidence that one of them, interferon beta, has an immune-suppressing effect that can help some viruses establish persistent infections. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Interferon proteins are normally considered virus-fighters, but scientists at The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI) have found evidence that one of them, interferon beta (IFNβ), has an immune-suppressing effect that can help some viruses establish persistent infections. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Interferons, discovered nearly 60 years ago, are among the proteins secreted by cells in response to viral invasion. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Interferons are a family of naturally-occurring proteins that are made and secreted by cells of the immune system (for example, white blood cells, natural killer cells, fibroblasts, and epithelial cells). (hdkino.org)
  • Enhanced circulating half-life and anti-tumor activity of a site-specific pegylated interferon- a protein therapeutic. (bolderbio.com)
  • Interferon is a protein released by the cells of the body when they are under attack from a virus or other invader. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Interferon α 2A (IFN-α 2A) belongs to the type I interferon protein family and is produced by many cell types in response to viral infection. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Alpha interferon enhanced the production of interleukin 12 p70 [IL-12(p70)] and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) but had no effect on IL-10 production. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Identification of sphingomyelin turnover as an effector mechanism for the action of tumor necrosis factor alpha and gamma-interferon. (musc.edu)
  • Stress granule formation mediates the inhibition of colonic Hsp70 translation by interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. (uchicago.edu)
  • Actions of recombinant human gamma-interferon and tumor necrosis factor alpha on the proliferation and osteoblastic characteristics of human trabecular bone cells in vitro. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Using cultured human osteoblast-like cells, we studied the effects of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and recombinant human gamma-interferon (gamma-IFN) on osteoblast growth and function, and demonstrated that TNF stimulated bone cell proliferation and prostaglandin production while inhibiting 1,25-(OH)2D3-stimulated alkaline phosphatase activity and osteocalcin release. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The objectives of this work were twofold: 1) to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of treatment with classic dual interferon pegylated alpha-2a (IFN) and ribavirin therapy in Benin, and 2) to present problems related to financial accessibility to this treatment. (scirp.org)
  • Combination alpha interferon-ribavirin therapy may alter the cytokine profile of maturing DCs overall by suppressing IL-10 production but maintaining IL-12(p70) and TNF-alpha production, a pattern that would favor viral elimination through downstream effects on T cells. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Conventional interferonalpha-2b plus Ribavirin therapy was started in 1998 but over all sustained viral response (SVR) ratesare much below the desired rates to eradicate the diseases and stopping its epidemic. (edu.pk)
  • This study wasconducted to access the therapeutic and cost-effectiveness of long acting pegylated interferon alpha-2bplus Ribavirin therapy verses conventional interferon alpha-2b plus Ribavirin. (edu.pk)
  • Figure 2 A change of the des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin levels after interferon-based treatment. (wjgnet.com)
  • Figure 5 Cumulative incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma according to des- gamma-carboxy prothrombin levels at 24 wk after the completion of interferon-based therapy. (wjgnet.com)
  • Effect of combination of interferon alpha-2b and interferon-gamma or interferon alpha-2b alone for elimination of SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA. (medrxiv.org)
  • These are alpha and beta, also known as type 1, while gamma is known as type 2. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Spironolactone, at in vivo attainable doses, markedly suppressed transcription of several proinflammatory cytokines and, accordingly, inhibited release of tumour necrosis factor, lymphotoxin, interferon-gamma, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin 6 (70-90% inhibition). (ox.ac.uk)
  • Two receptors bind one interferon-gamma dimer. (lu.se)
  • [9] For example, type I IFNs induce interferon-stimulated gene ( ISG ) expression, classically resulting in a robust anti-viral immune response. (wikidoc.org)
  • The IFNA2 (interferon alpha 2) gene is mapped to human chromosome 9p21.3. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Decreased promotor activity of the prepro-orexin gene is caused by binding of α-interferon in vitro. (uni-luebeck.de)
  • A study presented at the International Liver Congress 2016 found that the current hepatitis delta treatment, interferon alpha (IFNa) based therapy, is effective in suppressing disease progression. (pharmacytimes.com)
  • Hepatitis delta only occurs in patients who already have hepatitis B. Currently, pegylated interferon is the only treatment for hepatitis delta. (pharmacytimes.com)
  • Although treatment for viral hepatitis C (VHC) has been around for many years and is widely used in developed countries, the high cost of pharmaceuticals (pegylated interferon and ribavirin) and pre-, per-, and post-treatment assessment has long been a brake on its implementation in developing countries, including Benin. (scirp.org)
  • Certain genotypes of hepatitis C virus (HCV) respond less often than others to treatment with interferon (IFN). (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Alpha interferon inhibits hepatitis C virus replication in primary human hepatocytes infected in vitro. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • Pegylated Interferon (Peg-Intron and Pegasys): Hepatitis C. Only Pegasys plus Copegus have the indication for HCV in HIV coinfected patients. (hopkinsguides.com)
  • As well as occurring naturally in the body, interferon is also used as a treatment for various health disorders, including multiple sclerosis (MS), some types of cancer , and hepatitis C . (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Combination treatment of interferon alpha-2b and ribavirin in comparison to interferon monotherapy in treatment of chronic hepatitis C genotype 4 patients. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Alpha interferon and ribavirin are required in combination to achieve a sustained virological response in the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Hepatitis C, chronic active hepatitis C, interferon. (jatstech.org)
  • In addition, to the best of our knowledge there are no reported cases of patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection developing aplastic anemia associated with pegylated interferon alpha 2a treatment. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We report the case of a 46-year-old Greek man who developed severe aplastic anemia during treatment with pegylated interferon alpha 2a for chronic hepatitis C virus infection. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The combination of a specific environmental precipitant represented by the hepatitis C virus infection, an altered metabolic detoxification pathway due to treatment with pegylated interferon alpha 2a and a facilitating genetic background such as polymorphism in metabolic detoxification pathways and specific human leukocyte antigen genes possibly conspired synergistically in the development of aplastic anemia in this patient. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cloning, expression and biological activity of a new variant of human interferon alpha identified in virus induced lymphoblastoid cells. (nih.gov)
  • Mixture of natural human a -interferons derived from lymphoblastoid cells exposed to Sendai virus. (drugfuture.com)
  • The combination of temozolomide and IFN-alpha 2b can easily be administered and shows tolerable toxicity. (nih.gov)
  • RESULTS: Biochemical response: at the end of treatment, a return to normal of ALT was obtained in 16/24 (66.7%) patients on combination therapy vs 8/25 (32%) patients on interferon alone (p = 0.0152). (ox.ac.uk)
  • At the end of follow-up, a sustained response was achieved in 10/24 (41.7%) patients on combination therapy vs 4/25 (16%) patients on interferon (p = 0.0468). (ox.ac.uk)
  • Virologic response: at the end of treatment, the rates of virological response were higher in the patients on combination therapy 9/24 (37.5%) than in those on interferon 4/25 (16%) (p = 0.0380). (ox.ac.uk)
  • At the end of follow-up, loss of serum HCV RNA was reported in 5/24 (20.8%) patients on combination therapy vs 2/25 (8%) patients on interferon (p = 0.1916). (ox.ac.uk)
  • It seems likely that most sustained responders (85-90%) treated with combination ribavirin and alpha interferon will continue to have a long-term biochemical and virological response, as has been demonstrated with alpha interferon alone, but further long-term follow-up of patients treated with combination therapy is required. (ox.ac.uk)
  • In vitro, IFN-alpha and poly(I:C) treatments required neuronal activity to reduce dendritic spine density and TrkB signaling. (uni-koeln.de)
  • In the present study we investigated the effects of alpha interferon and ribavirin on dendritic cell (DC) maturation and cytokine production induced by double-stranded RNA in vitro. (ox.ac.uk)
  • While a number of drugs have been associated with an increased risk for mood disorders, medications with considerable evidence of an association with depression and/or mania include antidepressants, antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), corticosteroids, interferon (IFN)-alpha, and opiates. (medscape.com)
  • Drugs with evidence of a link to depression include interferon (IFN)-alpha, corticosteroids, and digitalis/digoxin. (medscape.com)
  • The suppression of IL-12(p70) and TNF-alpha in maturing DCs may explain the reduction in hepatic inflammation observed during ribavirin monotherapy. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The review found that using antidepressants along with interferon might be helpful in staving off bouts of depression. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • When interferon is released, it sets off a series of reactions in nearby cells to help them defend against the infection. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Pegylated interferon alpha 2a (PEG-IFN-α 2a) or 2b plus ribavirin is currently the standard regimen for patients with HCV infection. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Over the past decade the type I interferon cytokine family has been postulated to play a central role in SLE pathogenesis, by promoting feedback loops progressively disrupting peripheral immune tolerance and driving disease activity. (nih.gov)
  • Bloom BR (1980) Interferons and the immune system. (springer.com)
  • Taken together, IFN-alpha and poly(I:C) delivery leads to structural and functional alterations at the synapse indicating that compromised neuroplasticity may play an integral role in the pathogenesis of immune response-induced depression. (uni-koeln.de)
  • Interferon is, therefore, a critical part of the immune system. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Yet, it is becoming clear that interferons don't simply boost the immune system. (sciencedaily.com)
  • In a study reported in Science in 2013, for example, Oldstone and his laboratory found evidence that type I interferon signaling has a strong braking effect on the immune response -- a braking effect that may be co-opted by infecting viruses to enhance their survival. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Interferons modulate the response of the immune system to viruses , bacteria, cancer , and other foreign substances that invade the body. (hdkino.org)
  • Essentially, when confronted with a virus, each cell shoots an emergency flare of interferon to tell the immune system to marshall its defenses. (hdkino.org)
  • Interferon Beta 1a, specifically, activates macrophages that engulf antigens and natural killer cells (NK cells), a type of immune T-Cell. (hdkino.org)
  • The theory is, interferon may be able to make the immune system stronger by turning on dormant parts and directing them toward the defense against SARS -nCoV-2's assault. (hdkino.org)
  • Two randomized trials established systemic interferon alpha to be no more effective than placebo. (cdc.gov)
  • A single injection of αβ-interferon (αβ-IFN) (30 000 units/mouse), a major biological modifier of natural killer (NK) cytolytic activity, strongly stimulated NK activity in normal mice, as expected, while the same treatment did not statistically alter the NK response in cyclophosphamide (CY)-suppressed animals. (springer.com)
  • Two treatment regimens are available: traditional dual therapy (interferon + ribavirin) used since 2010 and direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) since the end of 2015. (scirp.org)
  • Figure 1 A change of the alpha-fetoprotein levels after interferon-based treatment. (wjgnet.com)
  • One of the common and potentially most serious side effects of treatment with interferon is depression. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Anyone hoping to become a parent who is due to have interferon treatment should speak to their doctor about freezing their sperm or eggs before the procedure. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • One 2004 study looked at the case of a 56-year-old man with normal heart function, who began to experience heart problems, following interferon treatment. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • The connection between interferon and heart damage is not clearly understood, but it is worth being mindful of when someone is considering treatment. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Anyone who is concerned, especially those with a history of heart disease, should discuss this with their doctor before starting interferon treatment. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • A 2010 review published in Digestive Diseases and Sciences , looked at four cases where people had received long-term interferon treatment. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • However, our patient did not respond to conventional treatment, so interferon alpha-2a was given as a salvage treatment. (edu.mx)
  • The established treatment of chronic HCV is with alpha interferon. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Treatment with interferon (IFN)-α has also been reported to trigger autoimmune phenomena in up to 3% of cases, with AIHA being the most prevalent and most significant phenomena seen in clinical practice [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In contrast, subjective symptoms that persisted after use of antibiotics were associated with increased levels of serum interferon-α (IFN-α), which were already observed at study entry, and remained increased at each subsequent timepoint. (cdc.gov)
  • METHODS: Group I received interferon alpha-2b "Schering Plough" 3 MU, tiw combined with ribavirin (1000 mg/day). (ox.ac.uk)
  • A multicentre, centrally randomized, open-labelled study with temozolomide and interferon (IFN)-alpha 2b was carried out to study the therapeutic effect in patients with metastatic melanoma stage IV. (nih.gov)
  • These include the endogenous production of IFN alpha in celiac disease or inflammatory bowel diseases, as well as the occurrence of intestinal side effects of exogenous IFN alpha used as a therapeutic tool. (hal.science)
  • 1 The value at 24 wk after the completion of interferon-based therapy (ng/mL). (wjgnet.com)
  • The authors suggested that interferon therapy might be used safely on people who did not have pre-existing heart disease . (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • This is why interferon therapies for viral infections are typically a last resort - the potential for dire side effects. (hdkino.org)
  • [7] [8] Upon binding of type I interferons, IFNAR activates the JAK-STAT signalling pathway , along with MAPK , PI3K , and Akt signaling pathways. (wikidoc.org)
  • Herberman RB, Ortaldo JR, Mantovani A, Hobbs DS, Kung HF, Pestka S (1982) Effect of human recobinant interferon on cytotoxic activity of natural killer (NK) cells and monocytes. (springer.com)
  • By contrast, intravenous administration of BM-MSCs/IFN-alpha did not significantly modify the survival of mice, mainly as a consequence of an excessive entrapment of injected cells in the pulmonary vessels. (univr.it)
  • Impact of alpha interferon and ribavirin on the function of maturing dendritic cells. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Identification of interferon-alpha 7, -alpha 14, and -alpha 21 variants in the genome of a large human population. (nih.gov)
  • Mixture of natural, human a -interferons produced by human leukocytes exposed to Sendai virus. (drugfuture.com)
  • Commercially available interferons are human interferons manufactured using recombinant DNA technology. (hdkino.org)
  • BACKGOUND & AIMS: Several lines of investigation suggest that interferon (IFN) alpha can alter human intestinal mucosa ho-meostasis. (hal.science)
  • Maluish AE, Ortaldo JR, Herberman RB (1982) Modulation of NK activity by recombinant leucocyte interferon in advanced cancer patients. (springer.com)
  • By using a previously established mouse model of depression induced by combined delivery of IFN-alpha and polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly(I:C)), a TLR3 agonist, we provide evidence that IFN-alpha and poly(I:C) reduce apical dendritic spine density in the hippocampal CA1 area ex vivo via mechanisms involving decreased TrkB signaling. (uni-koeln.de)
  • In a prospective study of 96 patients treated with different types of IFN, the highest incidence of depression was reported with IFN-alpha n1, the lowest incidence with IFN-alpha n3, and the most severe depression and the highest rate of suicidal ideation with IFN-alpha 2b. (medscape.com)
  • One hundredanti-HCV positive patients were selected randomly for the study according to willingness due to costaffordability of the patients for conventional interferon. (edu.pk)
  • IFNA2 is a type 1 interferon which acts as the first line of defense, and offers protection against pathogenic invasion. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Interferon alpha causes a Th1 response subordinated to the activation of the inflammasome, leading to epithelial apoptosis involving altered epithelial Wnt/b-catenin signaling. (hal.science)