• This study assessed the discordance of vancomycin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). (peerj.com)
  • and Bacillus cereus were ascertained and compared with that of the conventional antibiotics of Amoxicillin and Ampicillin using the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC). (ispub.com)
  • The actual minimum inhibitory concentration of AMB-NPs against Candida albicans was significantly lower than that of free AMB, and AMB-NPs were less toxic on blood cells. (dovepress.com)
  • Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection is extremely common in humans, and approximately 50% and 75% of the adult populations in the United States [ 1 ] and Germany [ 2 ], respectively, have been infected with this virus. (molvis.org)
  • The tallowtripropylenetetramine stock solution was prepared by stirring 0.1 g tallowtripropylenetetramine in approximately 50 mL of deionized water and finally diluting it to 100 mL with deionized water. (europa.eu)
  • The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of Cd and the safe doses of SFN were determined using a methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay. (lookformedical.com)
  • SPS was added to the culture medium at various concentrations in time-of-addition assay. (molvis.org)
  • In addition, minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay and rhodamine 6G intake assay were used to ascertain the antibacterial activity. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Results of LPS-induced neutrophil ROS production when incubated with ATL313 and various concentrations of ZM241385 (A), a Schild plot of those results (B), and effects of MRS1706 on LPS-induced ROS production (C). For the Schild plot, the negative logarithm of K D (ie, PA 2 ) was 8.419. (avma.org)
  • DR=EC 50 with the addition of various concentrations of receptor antagonist)/EC 50 without the addition of a receptor antagonist. (avma.org)
  • 50 clindamycin was 39 mol/L (the in vitro resistance cutoff or protection against mosquitoes. (cdc.gov)
  • Finally, in vitro combinations of amphotericin B, miltefosine, and pentamidine against L. infantum showed in isobolograms an additive interaction when these drugs were combined with fendiline, resulting in overall mean sum of fractional inhibitory concentrations between 0.99 and 1.10. (hindawi.com)
  • Therefore, selection of substrate, substrate concentration, and in vitro transport system are critical for the conduct of in vitro interaction studies involving individual liver OATP carriers. (aspetjournals.org)
  • The values of LD50 (lethal dose 50%) calculated from experiments are different for each cell line . (lookformedical.com)
  • Can also be called LC 50 (lethal concentration) or IC 50 (inhibitory concentration). (janusinfo.se)
  • Of these compounds, luteolin showed the most potent inhibitory activity (IC(50)=1.5μg/mL). (greenmedinfo.com)
  • To achieve this goal, maintaining compound concentrations in vivo is a key factor because reversible compounds leave the target protein when the concentration is less than the binding affinity between the compound and the target through the sample preparation processes. (nature.com)
  • These results could be attributed to an increase in the concentration of original active compounds and the biosynthesis of new compounds during fermentation. (hindawi.com)
  • Consequently, within this framework, the phase signal will be predominantly sensitive to any mechanism modifying the concentration of intracellular compounds, including transmembrane water movements, which accompany various ionic fluxes. (jneurosci.org)
  • After being administered, it is found at a higher concentration in the gallbladder, lungs, and colon than in the serum. (kenyon.edu)
  • In the bone and synovial fluid, though, it is found in lower concentrations than in the serum. (kenyon.edu)
  • The optimal IC 50 values for tyrosinase inhibition and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) removal by the A. niger- fermented extracts were 30 and 12 μ g/mL, respectively. (hindawi.com)
  • The inhibition of BaP metabolism by mouse lung explants was indicated by a concentration dependent decrease in the amount of total metabolites and a concomitant increase in unmetabolized BaP in the medium. (cdc.gov)
  • For OATP1B1 the inhibition by gemfibrozil was substrate-dependent as the transport of fluvastatin (IC 50 of 63 μM), pravastatin, simvastatin, and taurocholate was inhibited by gemfibrozil, whereas the transport of estrone-3-sulfate and troglitazone sulfate (both used at 3 μM) was not affected. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Recombinant OATP1B1-, OATP2B1-, and OATP1B3-mediated fluvastatin transport was inhibited to 97, 70, and 62% by gemfibrozil (200 μM), respectively, whereas only a small inhibitory effect by gemfibrozil (200 μM) on fluvastatin uptake into primary human hepatocytes was observed (27% inhibition). (aspetjournals.org)
  • The physiological characteristics of the fermented extracts, namely, tyrosinase inhibitory activity, antioxidant activity, antibacterial activity, and anti-skin-aging activity, were evaluated and compared with those of unfermented extracts. (hindawi.com)
  • A 40.8μg/mL concentration of the ethyl acetate fraction of the ethanolic extracts of adlay bran (ABE-EtOAc) effectively inhibited mast cell degranulation. (greenmedinfo.com)
  • The acetone extracts from Waburgia salutaris revealed noteworthy anti-proliferative effect yielding IC 50 value of 34.15 μg/ml against MCF-7 cell line, while acetone extract from Curtisia dentata significantly ( P ≤ 0.05) revealed promising IC 50 values of 41.55, 45.13, 57.35 and 43.24 μg/ml against A549, HeLa, CaCo-2 and MCF-7 cell lines. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In this study, we investigated if de novo ATP production of cells in the VBNC state is a suitable indicator for overall cell viability that can be utilized to determine the minimum ATP inhibitory concentration (MAIC) of antibiotics and other antimicrobials. (frontiersin.org)
  • The inhibitory effect of the test substance/reference compound is expressed as a percentage of the mean of the two control respiration rates. (europa.eu)
  • The inhibitory effect of raloxifene, bazedoxifene, and acolbifene on LCA sulfonation was also observed in HepG2 human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. (aspetjournals.org)
  • CEC (critical environmental concentration) is the calculated concentration of a substance in surface water that is expected to have pharmacological effect in fish. (janusinfo.se)
  • EC 50 (effect concentration) refers to the test concentration of a substance at which 50 % of the animals are estimated to be immobile/dead. (janusinfo.se)
  • In recent studies, this linker modified analog of goniothalamin was shown to be cytotoxic against PC-3 (prostate cancer) and MCF-7 (human breast cancer) cell lines with half maximal inhibitory concentration values of 0.13 μM and 2.6 μM, respectively. (lookformedical.com)
  • HUVEC when comparing the IC50 (half maximal inhibitory concentration) values. (lookformedical.com)
  • Except for amrinone, our results demonstrated antiprotozoal activity for fendiline, mibefradil, and lidoflazine, with IC 50 values in a range between 2 and 16 μ M and Selectivity Index between 4 and 10. (hindawi.com)
  • The detection limit (DL, LOD, LLD) for a chemical analysis method is the lowest concentration at which a substance can be detected. (janusinfo.se)
  • For zidovudine triphosphate (AZT-TP), we predict that this selective advantage, as well as the minimal concentration required to select thymidine-associated mutations (TAMs) are highly cell-dependent. (plos.org)
  • Epithelial keratitis is the most common type of ocular HSV-1 infection, with over 50% of patients presenting with corneal epithelial lesions. (molvis.org)
  • Interestingly, insulin secretion is also exaggerated significantly at low glucose concentrations (2 and 5 mmol/l) but not at higher glucose concentrations (8-25 mmol/l). (diabetesjournals.org)
  • Clinical qui- nine failure was associated with a 50% inhibitory concentra- performance liquid chromatography) taken immediately tion of 829 nmol/L. Increased vigilance is required during before the fourth drug dose was low (7 mg/L). The patient treatment follow-up. (cdc.gov)
  • The drug is administered to a patient intravenously with a dose of 50 mg every 12 hours after an initial 100 mg loading dose (Greer 2006). (kenyon.edu)
  • PSSNa) [ 10 ], have shown their inhibitory activity against HSV-1 replication. (molvis.org)
  • Concentration of cAMP in equine neutrophils induced by 5 adenosine A 2A receptor agonists (A) and effects of ZM241385 and MRS1706 on ATL313-induced accumulation of cAMP (B). Each point represents the mean ± SEM of 3 replicates. (avma.org)
  • We investigated the inhibitory effects of dihydroartemisinin (DHA), methoxyamino chalcone (C3), and iron chelators including deferiprone (DFP), 1-( N -acety1-6-aminohexyl)-3-hydroxy-2-methylpyridin-4-one (CM1) and deferiprone-resveratrol hybrid (DFP-RVT) against the growth of wild-type (WT) P. falciparum parasites and those with k13 and fd mutations. (biorxiv.org)
  • Conjugation of hydrophilic polymers with small molecule drugs to produce polymer-drug conjugate systems has been demonstrated to be a viable formulation strategy for utilizing hydrophobic drugs in a water-soluble manner, which may offer advantages over the corresponding parent drugs, including fewer side effects, improved solubility, passive tumor targeting, an improved pharmacokinetic profile, and lower plasma concentrations. (dovepress.com)
  • Results demonstrated that pristimerin was toxic against the two cell lines, and exhibited inhibitory effects against proliferation. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Inhibitory effects of adlay bran Coix lachryma-jobi L. var. (greenmedinfo.com)
  • whilst ginger was totally ineffective at the highest concentration of 500mg/ml on all test organisms. (ispub.com)
  • BCF (bioconcentration factor) is the ratio of the concentration in aquatic organisms to the concentration in water at steady state. (janusinfo.se)
  • Interestingly, the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of BLMs in different cancer cell lines varies from nM to μM ranges. (lookformedical.com)
  • Tap-water was used to fill up the total test volume to 50 ml. (europa.eu)
  • Nous avons identifié le mécanisme de résistance aux -lactamines de ces souches en utilisant les méthodes de diffusion par disque et du E-test, puis les méthodes moléculaires, comme la PCR pour les gènes bla et bla . (who.int)
  • The 40-100% EtOAc/Hex subfractions of ABE-EtOAc inhibited histamine release with an IC(50) of 71-87μg/mL. (greenmedinfo.com)
  • 50 isolate and these 2 controls are shown in the Table. (cdc.gov)
  • The growth of Anabaena, Synechococcus, Nannochloris and Cyanidium was found to be inhibited at concentrations between 10 to 50 ppm. (degruyter.com)
  • Docking studies were carried out with AutoDock4.2v. Molecular dynamics analyses were performed using Schrodinger Desmond 6.1v software for a 50 ns production run. (ijpsonline.com)
  • Unmetabolized trans BaP was increased 7.2 to 20.3 percent, depending on ellagic-acid concentration while total metabolites were decreased 7.7 to 19.9 percent. (cdc.gov)
  • Synthetic sewage was added to the activated sludge (1.6 ml on a total volume of 50 ml). (europa.eu)