Hypoglossal nerve diseases. Medical search. Frequent questions

The hypoglossal nerve, also known as the twelfth cranial nerve, cranial nerve XII, or simply CN XII, is a cranial nerve that innervates all the extrinsic and intrinsic muscles of the tongue except for the palatoglossus, which is innervated by the vagus nerve. (wikipedia.org)
It then travels close to the vagus nerve and spinal division of the accessory nerve, spirals downwards behind the vagus nerve and passes between the internal carotid artery and internal jugular vein lying on the carotid sheath. (wikipedia.org)
After leaving the skull, the hypoglossal nerve spirals around the vagus nerve and then passes behind the deep belly of the digastric muscle. (wikipedia.org)
A) Raccoon 2 shows no spongiform change in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve (DMNV) (above dashed line) or hypoglossal nucleus (below dashed line). (cdc.gov)
The hypoglossal nerve originates in the hypoglossal nucleus of the medulla and supplies motor innervation to all of the muscles of the tongue except the palatoglossus (which is supplied by the vagus). (umassmed.edu)
However, the vagus nerve has branches to most of the internal organs and is the part of the autonomic nervous system. (byjus.com)
Sited between dorsal nucleus of the vagus and median plane of the 4th ventricle - i.e. hypoglossal triangle in the floor of the 4th ventricle. (rahulgladwin.com)

The nerve arises from the hypoglossal nucleus in the medulla as a number of small rootlets, pass through the hypoglossal canal and down through the neck, and eventually passes up again over the tongue muscles it supplies into the tongue. (wikipedia.org)
By two bundles from the groove between the olive and pyramid (10 - 15 rootlets), pass through the hypoglossal canal. (rahulgladwin.com)

The device detects each breath and sends an electrical impulse to stimulate the nerves that move the tongue and open the airway while the person sleeps. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Hypoglossal nerve stimulation is a treatment for obstructive sleep apnea that uses an implant to stimulate a nerve under the tongue to prevent the tongue from blocking the airway. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Hypoglossal nerve stimulation aims to improve breathing, treat upper airway obstruction and reduce snoring, gasping and choking so the person can have a more restful sleep. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Hypoglossal nerve palsy after airway management for general anesthesia: an analysis of 69 patients. (nih.gov)
This respiratory plasticity involves alterations via sensory (i.e., central and peripheral chemoreceptors and airway mechanoreceptors) and modulatory projections (i.e., serotonergic neurons), as well as many other conscious and unconscious processes that affect breathing (i.e., cortical inputs, cardiovascular disease, etc. (veteriankey.com)
However, accessory inspiratory muscles also play a role in breathing, especially during respiratory stress or disease (i.e., upper airway muscles innervated by the hypoglossal nerve) [6] . (veteriankey.com)
OSA is a highly prevalent sleep disorder that is characterized as repeated reduction or cessation of airflow because of upper airway resistance and pharyngeal collapsibility during sleep, and without prompt treatment, it will trigger a series of severe diseases, like hypertension, cardiovascular disease. (westlake.edu.cn)
Through electrical precise stimulating hypoglossal nerve, the upper airway of patient will be wider which helps patients to breath normally. (westlake.edu.cn)
It is also known as a hypoglossal nerve stimulator or an upper airway stimulation device. (transitsblog.com)

If you and your doctor think you may be a candidate for hypoglossal nerve stimulation, the next step is a drug-induced sleep endoscopy. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Patient was subsequently deemed an appropriate candidate for hypoglossal nerve stimulator implantation and elected to proceed with the procedure. (csurgeries.com)

A hypoglossal nerve stimulator is an implantable device used to treat obstructive sleep apnea. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
As of 2023, the only hypoglossal nerve stimulator that is approved by the Food and Drug Administration is the Inspire device. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
The hypoglossal nerve stimulator implant is controlled by a hand-held remote that turns the device on and off. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
A delay feature allows you to set the nerve stimulator to start after you fall asleep. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Who might benefit from a hypoglossal nerve stimulator? (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Most insurance plans, including Medicare, will cover at least some of the costs of obtaining and using a hypoglossal nerve stimulator. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
Overall, hypoglossal nerve stimulator implantation is an effective, tolerable long-term alternative treatment option for those with OSA. (csurgeries.com)
The following video demonstrates her hypoglossal nerve stimulator implantation via the 2-incision technique detailing the procedure's anatomic landmarks and corresponding steps. (csurgeries.com)

The 12th cranial nerve. (umassmed.edu)
Disorders of the 12th cranial nerve (hypoglossal nerve) cause weakness or wasting (atrophy) of the tongue on the affected side. (msdmanuals.com)

Signals from muscle spindles on the tongue travel through the hypoglossal nerve, moving onto the lingual nerve which synapses on the trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus. (wikipedia.org)
There remain to be described the disorders of the facial (VII) nerve and of the lower cranial nerves (IX to XII), as well as certain diseases that affect the trigeminal (V) nerve. (mhmedical.com)

The tongue plays a crucial role in the swallowing process, and impairment can lead to dysphagia, particularly in motor neuron diseases (MNDs) resulting in hypoglossal-tongue axis degeneration (e.g., amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and progressive bulbar palsy). (bvsalud.org)
Cranial Nerve XII: Hypoglossal Inspect silent aim paladins tongue inside the mouthlook for fasciculations, which may be warzone wallhack undetected free with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and other noclip script overwatch 2 neuron diseases. (divitiaebytj.com)
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ( ALS ), also known as motor neurone disease ( MND ) or Lou Gehrig's disease , is a rare and terminal neurodegenerative disease that results in the progressive loss of motor neurons that control voluntary muscles . (wikipedia.org)

All the intrinsic and extrinsic mucles, except the palatoglossus, are supplied by HYPOGLOSSAL NERVE. (medicoapps.org)

Radiation-induced hypoglossal nerve palsy after definitive radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma: Clinical predictors and dose-toxicity relationship. (nih.gov)
Hypoglossal nerve palsy: 245 cases. (nih.gov)
Bulbar paralysis may lead to difficulty in speech and swallowing Facial Palsy is the pressure on the facial nerve causing paralysis Chapter 7 Facial Palsy. (netlify.app)
Motor System Disease*, primar lateral sclerosis, bulbar palsy progressive, maten tuggas med svårighet medan bulbar muskelmedverkan leder. (netlify.app)
but the additional finding of a hypoglossal nerve palsy with atrophy of Namn. (netlify.app)
Out of the 12 cranial nerves that are present 5 cranial nerves which control movement get affected in Bulbar Palsy. (netlify.app)
Bulbar Palsy Definition Bulbar palsy or the progressive bulbar palsy is a condition wherein the motor neurons or the nerve cells responsible for movement are affected. (netlify.app)
This is in contrast to bulbar palsy, which is a lower motor neuron syndrome involving the lowermost Bulbar palsy refers to a range of different signs and symptoms linked to impairment of function of the cranial nerves IX, X, XI, XII, which occurs due to a lower Abstract. (netlify.app)
Fazio-Londe disease is a label sometimes applied to a degenerative disease of the motor neurons characterized by progressive bulbar paralysis in 16 Feb 2020 It commonly presents with unilateral or bilateral seventh nerve palsy. (netlify.app)
Rarely it can present as dangerous progressive bulbar palsy and is a 3 Oct 2017 Introduction · bulbar palsy is lower motor neuron weakness of the muscles innervated by the cranial nerves IX, X and XII, while pseudobulbar Pseudobulbar Palsy, Bulbar Palsy. (netlify.app)
There are multiple etiologies of facial nerve palsy, and Bell's palsy (idiopathic, Bulbar palsy refers to a range of different signs and symptoms linked to av H Bergqvist - Cerebral palsy [MeSH]. (netlify.app)
Hypoglossal Nerve Palsy After Cervical Spine Surgery. (cornell.edu)

The rootlets of the hypoglossal nerve arise from the hypoglossal nucleus near the bottom of the brain stem. (wikipedia.org)
Neurons of the hypoglossal nucleus are derived from the basal plate of the embryonic medulla oblongata. (wikipedia.org)
The hypoglossal nucleus interacts with the reticular formation, involved in the control of several reflexive or automatic motions, and several corticonuclear originating fibers supply innervation aiding in unconscious movements relating to speech and articulation. (wikipedia.org)
C) Raccoon 2 shows very mild PrP Sc immunoreactivity in the DMNV and no immunoreactivity in neurons of the hypoglossal nucleus. (cdc.gov)
D) Raccoon 9 shows moderate PrP Sc immunoreactivity in the neuropil of the DMNV and marked intraneuronal immunoreactivity in the hypoglossal nucleus. (cdc.gov)
This model was created by injecting cholera toxin B conjugated to saporin (CTB-SAP) into the genioglossus muscle of the tongue base for retrograde transport to the hypoglossal (XII) nucleus via the hypoglossal nerve, which provides the sole motor control of the tongue. (bvsalud.org)

The cuff electrode fits around a branch of nerve under the tongue, like a tiny cuff. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
The electrode stimulates the nerves, which makes the tongue stick out. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
1] F. Xia and M. Sawan, "Electrode - Nerve Interface Properties to Treat the Obstructive Sleep Apnea through Electrical Stimulation," in the IEEE Sixth International Conference on Advances in Biomedical Engineering (ICABME), Beirut, Lebanon, 2021. (westlake.edu.cn)
This procedure involves attaching an electrode to the main nerve that controls your tongue, called the hypoglossal nerve. (healthline.com)
The other end of the wire functions like a stimulation electrode that joins a bunch of the hypoglossal nerves of the tongue. (transitsblog.com)

There are twelve cranial nerves which are numbered using Roman numerals according to the order in which they emerge from the brain (from front to back). (byjus.com)
Disorders of one or more of the twelve cranial nerves. (sdsu.edu)

Disorders affecting the function of the hypoglossal nerve lead to imbalanced action of the genioglossus muscles, causing tongue deviation toward the weak side. (medicoapps.org)
Treatment of hypoglossal nerve disorders depends on the cause. (msdmanuals.com)
With the exception of the optic and olfactory nerves, this includes disorders of the brain stem nuclei from which the cranial nerves originate or terminate. (sdsu.edu)
Nerve Root Injury and Plexus Disorders (incl. (sharecare.com)
For a group of muscle-wasting disorders, see Motor neuron diseases . (wikipedia.org)
ALS is a motor neuron disease , which is a group of neurological disorders that selectively affect motor neurons , the cells that control voluntary muscles of the body. (wikipedia.org)
This interplay explains why there are a number of disorders that are characterised by both neurological and gastrointestinal signs and symptoms (for example, Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease, some encephalopathies (infections affecting the brain), herpes infections , some autistic disorders, some forms of motor neuron disease). (maxfacts.uk)

People with hypoglossal nerve disorder have difficulty speaking, chewing, and swallowing. (msdmanuals.com)
Objectives: This study aimed to investigate and compare sleep quality between patients with chronic temporomandibular disorder and healthy controls, and to analyze the association of sleep quality with disease characteristics, obstructive sleep apnea risk factors, and excessive daytime sleepiness. (preprints.org)
Given its systemic associations with comorbid diseases, it ultimately increases lifetime risk of mortality and thus, should not be a disorder taken lightly. (csurgeries.com)

Supranuclear disease affecting the nerve results in paralysis of the tongue contralateral to the side of the lesion. (medicoapps.org)
Partial or complete paralysis of the hypoglossal nerve. (nih.gov)

Lesion of left or right hypoglossal nerve causes ipsilateral deviation of the tongue to the affected side - "licking your wounds. (rahulgladwin.com)
lesion of cranial nerve IX. (myassignmentwriters.com)

Damage to the Trochlear nerve might cause inability to move eyeball downwards and damage to abducens nerve might result in diplopia. (byjus.com)
Cranial nerve IV (trochlear nerve). (spagades.com)

[3] ALS is the most common form of the motor neuron diseases . (wikipedia.org)

Hypoglossal nerve stimulation with an implanted device can help some people manage obstructive sleep apnea without a continuous positive airwave pressure (CPAP) machine. (hopkinsmedicine.org)
While the connection between sleep apnea, Alzheimer's disease, and dementia has been established, new research shows that treating sleep apnea with a CPAP machine may delay or prevent the early onset of the symptoms of dementia. (advancedhomecareonline.com)
Similar evidence also finds that treating sleep apnea may decrease the risk of developing heart disease. (advancedhomecareonline.com)
La historia de la apnea obstructiva del sueño es larga y complicada desde sus primeras descripciones en el siglo XIX con el relato de Pickwick en la primera novela de Charles Dickens. (unal.edu.co)
Obstructive sleep apnea can harm a person's quality of life and is linked to primary medical conditions like heart disease, stroke, and behavioral difficulties. (transitsblog.com)
Hypoglossal nerve stimulation implantation surgery is a unique treatment for sleep apnea in Houston when other treatment options are unsuccessful. (transitsblog.com)

Hypoglossal nerve, cervical plexus, and their branches. (iiab.me)
From 1st and 2nd cervical nerves (loop). (rahulgladwin.com)
Descending down over carotid sheath, forms the ansa cervicalis with a branch from C2 + 3 (inferior root of ansa or descending cervical nerve). (rahulgladwin.com)
2017. The Health Impact of Adult Cervical Deformity in Patients Presenting for Surgical Treatment: Comparison to United States Population Norms and Chronic Disease States Based on the EuroQuol-5 Dimensions Questionnaire. . (cornell.edu)

The hypoglossal nerve moves forward lateral to the hyoglossus and medial to the stylohyoid muscles and lingual nerve. (wikipedia.org)
The hypoglossal nerve provides motor control of the extrinsic muscles of the tongue: genioglossus, hyoglossus, styloglossus, and the intrinsic muscles of the tongue. (wikipedia.org)
This nerve also contains proprioceptive afferents from the tongue muscles. (umassmed.edu)
Most of the cranial nerves originate in the brain stem and pass through the muscles and sense organs of the head and neck. (byjus.com)
The main goal of this procedure was to remove, en bloc, all ipsilateral lymphatic structures from the mandible superiorly to the clavicle inferiorly and from the strap muscles to the anterior border of the trapezius. (medscape.com)
Once the electrical impulses stimulate the hypoglossal nerve, the tongue muscles open up the upper part of the airways. (transitsblog.com)

The hypoglossal nerve arises as a number of small rootlets from the front of the medulla, the bottom part of the brainstem, in the anterolateral sulcus which separates the olive and the pyramid. (wikipedia.org)
The hypoglossal nerve emerges as several rootlets (labelled here as number 12) from the olives of the medulla (labelled 13), part of the brainstem. (wikipedia.org)
The hypoglossal nerve arises as a series of rootlets, from the caudal brain stem, here seen from below. (iiab.me)

Unilateral injury to the nerve marked by a red arrow in the picture below leads to all, EXCEPT? (medicoapps.org)

Olfactory nerve - CN I. Sensory cranial nerves help a person see, smell, and hear. (spagades.com)
The 12 cranial nerves are: I Olfactory Nerve. (spagades.com)

When disease affects the hypoglossal nerve at the nuclear or infranuclear level, the clinical signs and symptoms are ipsilateral. (medicoapps.org)
They include the nerves that transmit smell, those responsible for vision and the movement of the eyes, those that control facial movements, those responsible for hearing and balance, and those responsible for chewing, swallowing, vocalizing, and movement of the Other times a person's neurologic symptoms bring them to the doctors office. (spagades.com)
Many patients present at an older age with advanced disease because of the occult nature of associated symptoms. (medscape.com)
[3] The goal of treatment is to slow the disease progression, and improve symptoms. (wikipedia.org)

What is carotid artery disease? (brainscape.com)
Is carotid artery disease always symptomatic? (brainscape.com)
What % of ischaemic strokes are due to carotid artery disease? (brainscape.com)
How can carotid artery disease cause ischaemic strokes? (brainscape.com)
What is carotid artery disease usually classified based on? (brainscape.com)
What is considered to be mild carotid artery disease? (brainscape.com)

At a point at the level of the angle of the mandible, the hypoglossal nerve emerges from behind the posterior belly of the digastric muscle. (wikipedia.org)
The disease process and treatment often affect adjacent structures, such as the posterior floor of the mouth, larynx, and esophagus. (medscape.com)

1. Anterior 2/3- Lingual nerve branch of mandibular division sensory- for general sensation (V3). (medicoapps.org)
Some of the cranial nerves are responsible for sensory and motor functions as they contain only sensory fibres and motor fibres. (byjus.com)
Others are mixed nerves because they include both sensory and motor fibres. (byjus.com)
Only cranial nerves I and II are purely sensory and are responsible for the sense of smell and vision (optic nerve II). (byjus.com)
Which of the cranial nerves are sensory only? (spagades.com)
The fifth nerve ( Fig. 44-1 ) is a mixed sensory and motor nerve. (mhmedical.com)
The cell bodies of the sensory part of the nerve lie in the gasserian , or semilunar, ganglion . (mhmedical.com)
The central axons of the ganglion cells form the sensory root of the nerve. (mhmedical.com)

For a more acute involvement is much less likely to occur in 2060% of cases)diagnosis conrmation of disease. (surgicalimpex.com)

A hypoglossal nerve stimulation device sends a gentle electric pulse to a branch of the hypoglossal nerve. (hopkinsmedicine.org)

Damage to the nerve or the neural pathways which control it can affect the ability of the tongue to move and its appearance, with the most common sources of damage being injury from trauma or surgery, and motor neuron disease. (wikipedia.org)

FACIAL NERVE RESEARCH JAPAN 37 16-18, 2017. (medicalonline.jp)

The hypoglossal nerve is of a general somatic efferent (GSE) type. (wikipedia.org)

The nerve is involved in controlling tongue movements required for speech and swallowing, including sticking out the tongue and moving it from side to side. (wikipedia.org)

The rest of the cranial nerves contain both afferent and efferent fibres and are therefore referred to as the mixed cranial nerves. (byjus.com)

Mechanical therapy may be useful in macroglossia with hypotonicity due to hypoglossal nerve deficit. (medscape.com)

This procedure doesn't cure the disease but monitors breathing and stimulates the hypoglossal nerve to stiffen the tongue and allow easier breathing when a breathing pause is detected. (advancedhomecareonline.com)

Oculomotor nerve helps in the movement of the eye. (byjus.com)

The hypoglossal nerve leaves the skull through the hypoglossal canal, which is situated near the large opening for the spinal cord, the foramen magnum. (wikipedia.org)

After emerging from the hypoglossal canal, the hypoglossal nerve gives off a meningeal branch and picks up a branch from the anterior ramus of C1. (wikipedia.org)

The cranial nerves occupy a special place in neurology because examination of their function and dysfunction can provide critical information localizing lesions to the brainstem or skull base. (mhmedical.com)

Nerves that extend throughout the body on both sides emerging directly from brain and brain stem are called cranial nerves. (byjus.com)
Olfactory and optic nerves emerge from the cerebrum and all other 10 nerves emerge from the brain stem. (byjus.com)

Cranial nerves are considered as a part of the peripheral nervous system, although olfactory and optic nerves are considered to be part of the Central nervous system. (byjus.com)
The optic nerve II is the agent of vision. (byjus.com)

Retrograde gene delivery to hypoglossal motoneurons using adeno-associated virus serotype 9. (umassmed.edu)

A hypoglossal nerve stimulation implant is an alternative for patients who cannot tolerate CPAP treatment. (hopkinsmedicine.org)

Dogs and cats with respiratory disease may require sedation or anesthesia for diagnostic or surgical procedures that are either related or unrelated to the primary problem. (veteriankey.com)

Overview of the Cranial Nerves Twelve pairs of nerves-the cranial nerves-lead directly from the brain to various parts of the head, neck, and trunk. (msdmanuals.com)
Cranial nerves carry information from the brain to other parts of the body, primarily to the head and neck. (byjus.com)
Cranial nerves are concerned with the head, neck, and other facial regions of the body. (byjus.com)
The anatomic location of the hypoglossal nerve within the base of the tongue puts it at risk from invasion or compression from malignant neoplasms at the primary site or metastatic disease in the neck. (medscape.com)
Metastatic neck disease is the most important factor in the spread of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) from primary sites. (medscape.com)
Radical neck dissection is an operation that was created in 1906 to solve the problem of metastatic neck disease. (medscape.com)

This nerve comprises of three parts namely ophthalmic, maxillary and mandibular. (byjus.com)

This ability to predict the location of metastatic disease was found valid and reliable in further studies. (medscape.com)

Accompany lingual nerve. (medicoapps.org)

Sympathetic nerves, which cause reflex motions. (spagades.com)

The nerve passes through the subarachnoid space and pierces the dura mater near the hypoglossal canal, an opening in the occipital bone of the skull. (wikipedia.org)
Cranial nerves can be affected by inflammation along the skull base or by a neurotoxin produced by Pseudomonas species. (medscape.com)
Dr. Batra has given more than 200 invited presentations nationally and abroad on sinonasal and skull base disease. (rushentcourse.com)
An interest in lateral skull base disease management led him to Gruppo Otologico in central Italy, where he worked closely with Mario Sanna, MD, a leader in the field of lateral skull base surgery. (rushentcourse.com)
Cranial nerves (CN) IX through XI all leave the skull together through the jugular foramen. (spagades.com)

The musculature they supply develops as the hypoglossal cord from the myotomes of the first four pairs of occipital somites. (wikipedia.org)
The hypoglossal nerve is derived from the first pair of occipital somites , collections of mesoderm that form next to the main axis of an embryo during development . (iiab.me)

The palatoglossus is supplied by the cranial root of the ACCESSORY NERVE through the pharyngeal plexus. (medicoapps.org)
One such modification is the preservation of 1 or more nonlymphatic structures (eg, spinal accessory nerve, internal jugular vein [IJV], sternocleidomastoid [SCM] muscle). (medscape.com)
The resection included the spinal accessory nerve, the IJV, the SCM muscle, and the submandibular gland. (medscape.com)
In the 1960s, Suarez and Bocca independently described a more conservative operation that involved removing all the LNs while sparing the spinal accessory nerve, the SCM muscle, and the IJV. (medscape.com)

Anatomy15

Diseases24

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment1

Phenomena and Processes4

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Vagus7

Pass through the hypoglossal canal2

Airway9

Candidate for hypoglossal nerve2

Stimulator8

12th cranial nerve2

Trigeminal2

Amyotrophic lateral s3

Except the palatoglossus1

Palsy12

Nucleus6

Electrode5

Twelve cranial nerves2

Disorders7

Disorder3

Paralysis2

Lesion2

Trochlear2

Motor neuron diseases1

Apnea6

Cervical4

Muscles6

Rootlets3

Unilateral1

Olfactory Nerve2

Symptoms4

Carotid6

Posterior2

Sensory8

Diagnosis1

Stimulation device1

Trauma1

20171

Somatic efferent1

Involved in contro1

Efferent1

Macroglossia1

Stimulates1

Oculomotor1

Spinal Cord1

Meningeal1

Brainstem1

Brain stem2

Optic2

Retrograde1

Implant1

Surgical1

Neck6

Mandibular1

Metastatic disease1

Lingual nerve1

Sympathetic1

Skull5

Occipital2

Accessory nerve4