• Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 or human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV-I), also called the adult T-cell lymphoma virus type 1, is a retrovirus of the human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV) family that has been implicated in several kinds of diseases including very aggressive adult T-cell lymphoma (ATL), HTLV-I-associated myelopathy, uveitis, Strongyloides stercoralis hyper-infection and some other diseases. (wikipedia.org)
  • It is thought that about 1-5% of infected persons develop cancer as a result of the infection with HTLV-I over their lifetimes. (wikipedia.org)
  • The infection rate is about 1% in Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, and Vanuatu, where the genotype C predominates. (wikipedia.org)
  • Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1) has infected human beings for thousands of years, but knowledge about the infection and its pathogenesis is only recently emerging. (nih.gov)
  • On the other hand, human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 seems to be a significant cofactor, with a potentially important role in HIV-1 infection. (medscape.com)
  • Although the clinical evidence is still controversial with regard to the real impact that coinfection exerts on clinical evolution, the majority of studies suggest it is associated with a modification of the natural history of HIV-1 infection, with a faster clinical progression and a shorter survival time. (medscape.com)
  • The main focus of this review is the interaction of HIV-1 and HTLV-1/2 and its clinical consequences on the natural history of HIV-1 infection. (medscape.com)
  • 2 ), we identified self-flagellation as a possible unique risk factor for HTLV-1 infection. (cdc.gov)
  • We look forward to further research that may clarify the apparent link between self-flagellation and HTLV-1 infection. (cdc.gov)
  • Trépo C , Chan HL , Lok A . Hepatitis B virus infection. (cdc.gov)
  • Gessain A , Cassar O . Epidemiological aspects and world distribution of HTLV-1 infection. (cdc.gov)
  • According to WHO , the scarcity of cost - effectiveness studies is considered one of the major barriers to the implementation of policies to prevent HTLV-1 infection . (bvsalud.org)
  • The secular trend in declining prevalence persisted after adjustment for age, time in sex work, place of birth, and HIV serostatus, with the odds of HTLV-1 infection decreasing approximately 16% per year (adjusted odds ratio = 0.84, 95% confidence interval = 0.78, 0.90). (edu.pe)
  • HTLV-1 is associated with increased susceptibility to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection but up to now it is unknown if HTLV-1 influences the severity of tuberculosis and if tuberculosis may influence the outcome of HTLV-1. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence and severity of tuberculosis (TB) in HTLV-1 infected patients and analyze whether TB influences the outcome of HTLV-1 infection. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This study shows that the prevalence of M.tuberculosis infection is 6 fold higher in HTLV-1 infected individuals than that described in the Brazilian population the majority of co-infected had latent tuberculosis and HTLV-1 may influence progression from infection to HAM/TSP. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These findings have important implications in defining the epidemiological patterns of HTLV-1 infection in Nigeria. (e-cep.org)
  • The peripartum period is an important transmission time for human T-cell lymphotropic virus-1 (HTLV-1) infection, mainly via breastfeeding and partly through the placental tissues of carrier mothers. (e-cep.org)
  • Although HTLV belongs to the primate Retroviridae Family and subfamily of Oncovirinae, unlike other retroviruses, HTLV-1 subtype infection has a latency period of about 20 years. (e-cep.org)
  • DoH Digital Library: Human T-Lymphotropic Virus type 1 infection in an Indigenous Australian population: epidemiological insights from a hospital-based cohort study. (nt.gov.au)
  • Human T-Lymphotropic Virus type 1 infection in an Indigenous Australian population: epidemiological insights from a hospital-based cohort study. (nt.gov.au)
  • The Human T Lymphotropic Virus type 1 (HTLV-1) subtype C is endemic to central Australia where each of the major sequelae of HTLV-1 infection has been documented in the socially disadvantaged Indigenous population. (nt.gov.au)
  • Identifying risk factors for HTLV-1 infection is essential to direct strategies that could control HTLV-1 transmission. (nt.gov.au)
  • Risk factors for HTLV-1 infection were retrospectively determined for a cohort of Indigenous Australians who were tested for HTLV-1 at Alice Springs Hospital (ASH), 1st January 2000 to 30th June 2013. (nt.gov.au)
  • 95 % CI, 1.04-1.95) were associated with HTLV-1 infection. (nt.gov.au)
  • Although childhood infection was documented, HTLV-1 infection in adults was closely associated with increasing age, male gender and STI history. (nt.gov.au)
  • Multiple modes of transmission are therefore likely to contribute to high rates of HTLV-1 infection in the Indigenous Australian population. (nt.gov.au)
  • Human infection is acquired by penetration of the skin or mucous membranes by infective filariform larvae, either from autoinfection or from contact with infected soil or other material contaminated with human feces (fecal-oral route) (see the image below). (medscape.com)
  • The CD4+ T-lymphocyte is the primary target for HIV infection because of the affinity of the virus for the CD4 surface marker (3). (cdc.gov)
  • 18. Human T lymphotropic virus-1 infection. (nih.gov)
  • Interpretation of low level reactivity for HTLV-1/2 infection using the Abbott Architect Transfus Med. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • Switching and loss of cellular cytokine secretory capacity characterize in vivo viral infection and malignant transformation in human T- lymphotropic virus type 1 infection. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • HTLV-1 infection and Transplantation. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • In addition, I investigated the pathogenesis of myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis associated with human T-lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-1) infection. (nih.gov)
  • HTLV tests are used for the detection of HTLV-1 and/or HTLV-II, retroviruses associated with, or suspected of causing aggressive adult T-cell lymphoma (ATL), HTLV-I-associated myelopathy, uveitis, Strongyloides stercoralis hyper-infection, neurological problems, chronic lung infections and some other diseases. (medicaldevice-network.com)
  • Epidemiological studies in humans and experimental studies in animal have shown that viral infections can induce or protect from autoimmunopathologies depending on several factors including genetic background, host-elicited immune responses, type of virus strain, viral load, and the onset time of infection. (mdpi.com)
  • ABSTRACT To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of assays used to screen blood for antibody to hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, the International Consortium for Blood Safety (ICBS) established fully characterized ICBS panels. (who.int)
  • Infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a global health problem, with an estimated 170 million chronically infected persons worldwide. (who.int)
  • Persons with persistent HCV infection are at high risk for development of chronic liver disease, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma [1,2]. (who.int)
  • Residual risk of transfusiontransmitted infection with human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis C virus, and hepatitis B virus in Korea from 2000 through 2010. (medigraphic.com)
  • A strength of this prospective cohort study is that it followed street youth, a marginalised and difficult-to-reach population with a high prevalence of injection drug use and blood-borne infection, including HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV). (bmj.com)
  • The retrovirus is now generally called HTLV-I because later studies proved that ATLV is the same as the firstly identified human retrovirus called HTLV discovered by Bernard Poiesz and Francis Ruscetti and their co-workers in the laboratory of Robert C. Gallo at the National Cancer Institute. (wikipedia.org)
  • HTLV-1 is a retrovirus belonging to the family retroviridae and the genus deltaretrovirus. (wikipedia.org)
  • Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a human retrovirus that is conclusively associated with adult T-cell leukemia and with a slowly progressive neurologic disorder, HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). (medscape.com)
  • [ 14 ] The second human retrovirus described was HTLV-2, which was isolated by Kalyanaraman, et al. (medscape.com)
  • Background Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 ( HTLV-1 ) is a retrovirus that causes severe diseases , such as aggressive cancer or progressive neurological disease . (bvsalud.org)
  • Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) was the first human retrovirus to be reported and is associated with neoplastic, neurological, autoimmune, and infectious complications. (edu.pe)
  • REVISED HIV CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM FOR ADOLESCENTS AND ADULTS The etiologic agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a retrovirus designated human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). (cdc.gov)
  • HIV-2, another human T-lymphotropic retrovirus, has been isolated in West African individuals and is closely related to simian immunodeficiency virus. (aao.org)
  • Human endogenous retrovirus type W envelope expression in blood and brain cells provides new insights into multiple sclerosis disease. (scienceblogs.com)
  • The Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus (HTLV) was the first human retrovirus identified and associated to leukemia/lymphoma, adult T-cells (ATL). (fiocruz.br)
  • Antiretroviral therapy promotes an inflammatory-like pattern of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) replication in human immunodeficiency virus type 1/HTLV-1 co-infected individuals. (ens-lyon.fr)
  • Home / Teams / Regulation of Genome Architecture and Dynamics of Splicing (ReGArDS) - D. Auboeuf and C. Bourgeois / Publications / Antiretroviral therapy promotes an inflammatory-like pattern of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) replication in human immunodeficiency virus type 1/HTLV-1 co-infected individuals. (ens-lyon.fr)
  • HBV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV). (nih.gov)
  • Blood donors in Australia who test positive for transfusion-transmissible infections, including human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus, and HIV, undergo posttest counseling, as previously described ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Objective Despite dramatic increases in the misuse of prescription opioids, the extent to which their intravenous injection places drug users at risk of acquiring hepatitis C virus (HCV) remains unclear. (bmj.com)
  • This collection of monographs on selected viruses provide cancer hazard evaluations for the following human viruses: Epstein-Barr virus, Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, human immunodeficiency virus-1, human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1, and Merkel cell polyomavirus for potential listing in the Report on Carcinogens (RoC). (nih.gov)
  • Herpesvirus infections, such as those induced by human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), induce specific DNA damages. (springer.com)
  • The viruses that induce cellular DNA damage include members of the herpesvirus group, adenovirus, mumps-virus, measles-virus, rubella-virus, poliovirus and papilloma-virus (Fortunato et al. (springer.com)
  • Simian T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (STLV-1) strains compared with central Africa, human infections with occasionally infect humans. (cdc.gov)
  • However, the frequency of such viruses closely related to local STLV-1 strains are much infections is unknown. (cdc.gov)
  • T-lymphotropic virus type 1 infections in rural Côte d'Ivoire, direct zoonotic transmissions in a rural region of Côte where primate hunting is common. (cdc.gov)
  • Although the majority of HTLV-1 carriers remain asymptomatic, the virus is associated with severe diseases that can be subdivided into three categories: neoplastic diseases (adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma), inflammatory syndromes (HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis and uveitis among others), and opportunistic infections (including Strongyloides stercoralis hyperinfection and others). (nih.gov)
  • Although most HTLV-1-infected individuals are asymptomatic, fetal and childhood infections often result in several diseases with disappointing treatment outcomes. (e-cep.org)
  • A parasitic male exists, but it is found only in experimentally infected dogs and has no role in human infections. (medscape.com)
  • The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that blood donations up to 13 million units of the global blood supply, mainly in low or medium Human Development Index countries, are not screened for all relevant transfusion-transmissible infections [3]. (who.int)
  • Detection of HIV-1 and HCV infections among antibody-negative blood donors by nucleic acidamplification testing. (medigraphic.com)
  • Virus Type 1 in circulating among local nonhuman primate prey ( 3 ). (cdc.gov)
  • online Technical Appendix, wwwnc.cdc.gov/ strains and simian T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (STLV-1) EID/pdfs/11-1663-Techapp.pdf). (cdc.gov)
  • Brazil may have the highest absolute number of individuals infected by human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1). (karger.com)
  • Upon antiretroviral therapy (ART) human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) co-infected individuals frequently develop neurological disorders through hitherto unknown mechanisms. (ens-lyon.fr)
  • In November 1985, a blood donor at a Colorado blood-collection center was found to be seropositive for human T-lymphotropic virus type III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus (HTLV-III/LAV)* antibody by both the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot methods. (cdc.gov)
  • Human T-cell lymphotropic viruses type 1 and 2 are retroviruses that share the same routes of transmission as HIV-1. (medscape.com)
  • However, prevalence rates of coinfection differ for distinct populations and regions of the world or for each virus, with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 being more prevalent among HIV-1-infected individuals in the Southern hemisphere, while type 2 is more frequently found in the Northern hemisphere. (medscape.com)
  • In common, they share the tropism for T-lymphocytes, although human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 and HIV-1 are predominantly CD4 + T-cell tropic and human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 2 preferentially infects CD8 + cells. (medscape.com)
  • The available evidence suggests a protective role for coinfection by human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 2 on AIDS progression. (medscape.com)
  • This hypothesis is supported by several laboratory evidences, as well as by a number of clinical studies that found no significant interaction between human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 2 and HIV-1, or even detected a protective effect on HIV-1 disease. (medscape.com)
  • A common finding in coinfection by both human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 and 2 is the increase in CD4 + cell count, but without any additional immune benefit for patients. (medscape.com)
  • Mise en évidence de structures de type "biofilm ", formées par le rétrovirus HTLV-1 générés par des cellules infectées (cellules du haut), qui ont été transmis à un autre lymphocyte (cellule du bas). (pasteur.fr)
  • Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is the etiological agent of a slowly progressive neurodegenerative disease, HTLV-1-Associated Myelopathy/Tropical Spastic Paraparesis (HAM/TSP). (pasteur.fr)
  • However, RNA interference studies have shown that depletion of IRF4, rather than of IRF7, dramatically decreases the endogenous level of BIC by up to 70% in EBV- or human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV1)-transformed cell lines and results in apoptosis and reduction of proliferation rates that are restored by transient expression of miR-155. (nih.gov)
  • Interest is increasing in human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-1) transmission due to its adverse health impacts. (e-cep.org)
  • The second type of life cycle allows noninfective new larvae to molt in the human host into infective filariform larvae. (medscape.com)
  • ATL is a rare and aggressive type of cancer that disrupts the body's ability to control the HTLV-1 virus. (nih.gov)
  • 1. Cutaneous type of adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma: a new entity among cutaneous lymphomas. (nih.gov)
  • 2. Human T-lymphotropic virus type I proviral loads in patients with adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma: Comparison between cutaneous type and other subtypes. (nih.gov)
  • 3. New entity, definition and diagnostic criteria of cutaneous adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma: human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 proviral DNA load can distinguish between cutaneous and smoldering types. (nih.gov)
  • 7. Lymphoma-type adult T-cell leukaemia-lymphoma with a bulky cutaneous tumour showing multiple human T-lymphotropic virus-1 DNA integration. (nih.gov)
  • 11. The role of human T cell lymphotropic virus type I tax in the development of cutaneous T cell lymphoma. (nih.gov)
  • 13. Absence of human T-lymphotropic virus type I in Japanese patients with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. (nih.gov)
  • Saeed Z, Rowan A, Greiller C, Taylor GP, Pollock K. Enhanced T-cell maturation and monocyte aggregation are features of cellular inflammation in human T-lymphotropic virus type-1-associated myelopathy. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • Cost-effectiveness of human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 ( HTLV -1) antenatal screening in the United Kingdom. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • Incidence and risk factors for human T-lymphotropic virus type II seroconversion among injecting drug users in Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.A. (bgu.ac.il)
  • To determine the incidence of and risk factors for human T-lymphotropic virus, type II (HTLV-II) seroconversion among injecting drug users (IDUs), specimens from IDUs recruited into the ALIVE Study in 1988/1989 were assayed at baseline for antibody to HTLV with use of enzyme immunoassay and Western blot. (bgu.ac.il)
  • Dive into the research topics of 'Incidence and risk factors for human T-lymphotropic virus type II seroconversion among injecting drug users in Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.A.'. Together they form a unique fingerprint. (bgu.ac.il)
  • Incidence and risk factors for human T-lymphotropic virus type II seroconversion among injecting drug users in Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.A. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes and Human Retrovirology , 9 (1), 89-96. (bgu.ac.il)
  • One patient had metastatic adenocarcinoma, one had diabetes and unexplained thrombocytopenia, while another had human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1-associated tropical spastic paraparesis. (medscape.com)
  • Plasmapheresis in treatment of human T-lymphotropic virus type-I associated myelopathy. (qxmd.com)
  • In 11 of 18 patients with human T-lymphotropic virus type-I (HTLV-I) associated myelopathy (HAM) gait, sensory, and/or sphincter disturbance improved with plasmapheresis (4 to 6 sessions in 2 weeks), and the effects were maintained for 2 to 4 weeks. (qxmd.com)
  • Adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) is usually defined as a malignant disease of T cells infected by human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I). In the present study, we describe a 49-year-old woman with an acute type ATL, whose leukemic cells do not contain the HTLV-I genome. (karger.com)
  • Tanaka A, Takahashi C, Yamaoka S, Nosaka T, Maki M, Hatanaka M: Oncogenic transformation by the Tax gene of human T-cell leukemia virus type I in vitro. (karger.com)
  • Shimoyama M, Kagami Y, Shimotohno K, Miwa M, Minato K, Tobinai K, Suematsu K, Sugimura T: Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma not associated with human T-cell leukemia virus type I. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1986;83:4524-4528. (karger.com)
  • Induction of CD4+, human T lymphotropic virus type-1-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes from patients with HAM/TSP. (aai.org)
  • Recognition of an immunogenic region of the gp46 envelope glycoprotein of human T lymphotropic virus type-1. (aai.org)
  • The HTLV-1 type is subdivided into seven subtypes and HTLV-2 in four. (fiocruz.br)
  • 1-associated myelopathy or tropical spastic paraparesis. (cdc.gov)
  • Tropical spastic paraparesis and HTLV-1 associated myelopathy: clinical, epidemiological, virological and therapeutic aspects. (nih.gov)
  • The majority of HTLV-1 infected patients are considered as HTLV-1 carriers, but 5% will develop HTLV-1 associated myelopathy (HAM) and about 15% overactive bladder, an oligosymptomatic form of HAM. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Seroprevalence data collected from Peruvian female sex workers (FSWs) working in Callao over three study periods between 1993 and 2010 were used to examine the secular trend in HTLV-1 prevalence. (edu.pe)
  • it is to be used by all states for AIDS case reporting effective January 1, 1993. (cdc.gov)
  • abstract = "The development of B-cell lymphomas has been seldom described in HTLV-1 carriers. (edu.pe)
  • abstract = "We demonstrate here that TPA activates HTLV-1 LTR expression in Jurkat and H9 T-cell lines, by strictly different mechanisms. (bgu.ac.il)
  • Like HIV, HTLV-1 predominantly infects CD4+ T cells. (wikipedia.org)
  • HTLV-1 infects mainly T cells, leading to activation and cellular proliferation with exaggerated production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The virus infects mature T lymphocytes in vitro, although other cells can serve as targets. (aao.org)
  • [ 1 ] This discovery was the first formal proof that human retroviruses exist and suggested their etiological role in human cancer, a hypothesis that had been proposed decades before. (medscape.com)
  • Currently, the main focus of LMM scientists is murine (e.g., murine leukemia virus) and primate retroviruses (e.g. (nih.gov)
  • There is no human genome project yet, but we know that there are endogenous retroviruses in human DNA. (scienceblogs.com)
  • This section provides background information on the preparation of the monographs as well as a discussion of overarching issues related to evaluating the evidence for cancer from human epidemiological studies and evaluating the causation by viruses. (nih.gov)
  • In Africa the prevalence is not well known, but it is about 1% in some countries. (wikipedia.org)
  • It has been suggested that the prevalence of HTLV-1 is increased in patients with skin diseases. (karger.com)
  • Although India and Pakistan are not known to be geographic risk areas for HTLV-1, few prevalence studies are available ( 4 ), and HTLV-1 is commonly present in small geographic foci ( 5 ). (cdc.gov)
  • HTLV-1 prevalence in pregnant women , the risk of HTLV-1 transmission when breastfeeding lasts for 6 months or more, and the cost of screening tests were the variables with the largest effect on ICER. (bvsalud.org)
  • HTLV-1 is endemic in Peru, with the highest prevalence reported among commercial sex workers. (edu.pe)
  • This is a cross-sectional study, in which the prevalence of tuberculosis was analyzed in 166 HTLV-1 infected individuals. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This study aimed to conduct a pooled estimate of HTLV-1 prevalence among pregnant women in Nigeria to quantify its clinical burden and public health implications. (e-cep.org)
  • Our decade-old subgroup analysis found inconsistencies in the HTLV-1 prevalence. (e-cep.org)
  • The human t-lymphotropic virus market in the Netherlands can expand or contract due to a variety of reasons including population demographics, disease incidence and prevalence, macroeconomic issues, and geopolitical considerations. (medicaldevice-network.com)
  • Prevalence of HIV-1 in blood donations following implementation of a structured blood safety policy in South Africa. (medigraphic.com)
  • Incidence and estimated rates of residual risk for HIV, hepatitis C, hepatitis B and human T-cell lymphotropic viruses in blood donors in Canada, 1990- 2000. (medigraphic.com)
  • Of those 6 subtypes, 5 are STLV-1 sequences by using a tax -specifi c quantitative mainly found in or endemic to central Africa: HTLV-1B, PCR ( 8 ). (cdc.gov)
  • This study confirms that HTLV-1 is highly endemic to central Australia. (nt.gov.au)
  • Overrepresentation of patients from HTLV-1 endemic countries among peripheral T-cell lymphomas in the Netherlands: an indication of under-diagnosis of Adult T cell leukaemia/lymphoma. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • For example, IARC considers there to be strong evidence that both tobacco smoking and eating processed meat can cause cancer, so both are listed as "carcinogenic to humans. (cancer.org)
  • The agent (mixture) is carcinogenic to humans. (wikidoc.org)
  • The exposure circumstance entails exposures that are carcinogenic to humans. (wikidoc.org)
  • These lists also do not include substances evaluated as "not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity in humans. (cancer.org)
  • This category is used when there is sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity in humans. (wikidoc.org)
  • Exceptionally, an agent (mixture) may be placed in this category when evidence of carcinogenicity in humans is less than sufficient but there is sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity in experimental animals and strong evidence in exposed humans that the agent (mixture) acts through a relevant mechanism of carcinogenicity. (wikidoc.org)
  • This disease develops upon infiltration of HTLV-1-infected lymphocytes into the central nervous system, mostly at the thoracic spinal cord level. (pasteur.fr)
  • Current studies focus on many factors involved in the interaction of HTLV-1 infected lymphocytes with the BBB endothelium. (pasteur.fr)
  • Infected T lymphocytes that are transformed by HTLV-1 into malignant ATL cell have constitutively activated Interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-9 and IL-15 production pathways that function as autocrine and paracrine stimulators of these cells by stimulating these cells through the Janus Kinase (JAK) 1 and 3/Signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5) pathways. (nih.gov)
  • 1 Mycosis fungoides (MF) and Sézary syndrome (SS) are the two major clinical variants of CTCL, both characterised by epidermotropic infiltrates of clonal malignant lymphocytes with cerebriform nuclei. (bmj.com)
  • Differentiation of human T lymphocytes. (aai.org)
  • Excerpted from BCSC 2020-2021 series: Section 1 - Update on General Medicine . (aao.org)
  • History of self-flagellation was elicited in 7 (28%) of 25 HTLV-1-positive donors identified during January 2012-December 2018. (cdc.gov)
  • Here, we show that effective anti-HIV ART increases HTLV-1 proviral load through a polyclonal integration pattern of HTLV-1 in both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cell subsets that is reminiscent of that typically associated with HTLV-1-related inflammatory conditions. (ens-lyon.fr)
  • p21 plays an essential role in growth arrest after DNA damage ( 19 - 21 ), and overexpression leads to G 1 and G 2 ( 22 ) or S-phase ( 23 ) arrest. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Once integrated, HTLV-1 continues to exist only as a provirus which can spread from cell to cell through a viral synapse. (wikipedia.org)
  • Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a member of the betaherpesvirus subfamily and encodes more than 200 viral proteins (Chee et al. (springer.com)
  • The adult female worm lives in tunnels between the enterocytes in the small bowel of humans. (medscape.com)
  • Only adult females are found in infected humans. (medscape.com)
  • The human T-cell leukemia virus 1 (HTLV-1) causes adult T-cell leukemia (ATL). (nih.gov)
  • 8. Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 associated with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. (nih.gov)
  • 17. HTLV-1 and associated adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. (nih.gov)
  • The purified immunoglobulin is derived from pooled adult human plasma selected for high titers of antibody for Cytomegalovirus (CMV) (1). (theodora.com)
  • The main skin diseases described in HTLV-1 seropositives were vitiligo (2 cases), dermatophytosis (2 cases), and leprosy (2 cases). (karger.com)
  • These studies and others detailing pathological roles of IL-17 in human diseases eventually culminated in the development of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that target IL-17A, both IL-17A and IL-17F, IL-17RA, or IL-23, a cytokine produced by innate immune cells that promotes the expansion of T H 17 cell populations. (nature.com)
  • Although HTLV-1 has spread globally, its geographic such as hunting of nonhuman primates or consumption of distribution is not uniform. (cdc.gov)
  • Active cyclin/Cdk complexes phosphorylate and inactivate members of the retinoblastoma protein (Rb) family that are negative regulators of G 1 and S-phase progression, leading to induction of E2F-regulated gene expression and cell proliferation. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Description: HTLV-1 P24 Protein [His], recombinant protein from E. coli. (bioinfogenome.net)
  • I. Acquisition of a novel human cell surface protein (p80) during normal intrathymic T cell maturation. (aai.org)
  • Human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV) and its subtypes were estimated to have infected 5-10 million people worldwide [ 1 - 3 ]. (e-cep.org)
  • HIV has 2 subtypes, HIV-1 and HIV-2. (aao.org)
  • We present the case of an elderly Peruvian HTLV-1 carrier who was diagnosed with EBV-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. (edu.pe)
  • In this elderly patient, the combination of EBV and HTLV-1 coinfection and immunosenescence may have played a role in the development of this aggressive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. (edu.pe)
  • Rowe M, Rooney CM, Edwards CF, Lenior GM, Rickinson AB: Epstein-Barr virus status and tumor cell phenotype in sporadic Burkitt's lymphoma. (karger.com)
  • It appears from literature that human cytomegalovirus enhances DNA repair capacity in host cells, without producing detectable lesions in cellular DNA or inhibiting DNA synthesis (Nishiyama and Rapp 1981 ). (springer.com)
  • In 2022, GlobalData's Market Model methodology determined that the leading player in the human t-lymphotropic virus market in the Netherlands was Abbott Laboratories followed by DiaSorin , F. Hoffmann-La Roche , HU Group , MP Biomedicals and Werfen Life Group SAU. (medicaldevice-network.com)
  • CytoGam®, Cytomegalovirus Immune Globulin Intravenous (Human) (CMV-IGIV), is an immunoglobulin G (IgG) containing a standardized amount of antibody to Cytomegalovirus (CMV). (theodora.com)
  • This classification system replaces the system published by CDC in 1986 (1) and is primarily intended for use in public health practice. (cdc.gov)
  • These pathologies are a serious threat to the several million and completed questionnaires aimed at determining their persons infected with HTLV-1 ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Although T cell receptor (TCR) activation is key for IL-17 production by CD4 + and CD8 + T cells, IL-17 production by innate immune cells is primarily driven by inflammatory cytokines, especially IL-1β and IL-23 (Box 2 ). (nature.com)
  • In 1979, HTLV-1 was isolated for the first time from a patient with a T-cell malignancy. (medscape.com)
  • There were no cases of HTLV-1 detected among FSW born after 1979 (N = 224). (edu.pe)
  • humans are infected with HTLV-1A, the only human- restricted molecular subtype ( 6-9 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Tang AR, Taylor GP, Dhasmana D. Self-flagellation and blood borne virus transmission: A case series. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • HIV is a blood-borne virus and is transmitted via sexual intercourse, shared intravenous drug paraphernalia, blood transfusion, and from mother to child during birth or breastfeeding. (aao.org)
  • The knowledge about HTLV-1 epidemiology is limited. (wikipedia.org)
  • The RoC contains a list of identified substances (i) that either are known to be human carcinogens or are reasonably anticipated to be human carcinogens and (ii) to which a significant number of persons residing in the United States are exposed. (nih.gov)
  • More information on each of these known and probable human carcinogens can be found on their websites. (cancer.org)
  • These lists include agents that have been classified as known or probable human carcinogens. (cancer.org)
  • for reactivity to HTLV-1/2 antigens ( 10 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Three main factors determine the efficiency of anti-HCV diagnostics: 1) target antigens used in the assay design, 2) professional skill of the technician performing the assay, and 3) laboratory environment. (who.int)
  • The cancer hazard evaluation component provides the following information relevant to a RoC listing recommendation: Properties and Detection (Section 1), Human Exposure (Section 2), Human Cancer Studies (Section 3), Mechanistic and Other Relevant Data (Section 4), and Overall Cancer Hazard Evaluation and Preliminary Listing Recommendation (Section 5). (nih.gov)
  • In Jurkat cells this activation is exerted by a PKCα- and PKCε-antagonized mechanism which operates through an Sp1 binding site residing within the Est responsive region 1 of the LTR. (bgu.ac.il)
  • Chamias, R , Huleihel, M & Aboud, M 2010, ' The mechanism of HTLV-1 LTR activation by TPA varies in different human T-cell lines: Role of specific PKC isoforms ', Leukemia Research , vol. 34, no. 1, pp. 93-99. (bgu.ac.il)
  • [ 20 , 21 ] When the causal agent of AIDS was isolated by the same group that discovered HTLV-1 and HTLV-2, they thought it was a third member of the HTLV family. (medscape.com)
  • In the report of 181 patients (largely Japanese) in the French-language literature, 4 cases were associated with carcinoma of the stomach, 3 with carcinoma of the liver, 1 with carcinoma of the lung, 3 with unspecified malignant tumors. (medscape.com)
  • A patient infected with HTLV can be diagnosed when antibodies against HTLV-1 are detected in the serum. (wikipedia.org)
  • Patients must have serum antibodies directed to HTLV-1. (nih.gov)
  • The Htlv-1 P19 Elisa Kit reagent is RUO (Research Use Only) to test human serum or cell culture lab samples. (bioinfogenome.net)
  • Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Human True insulin in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. (bioinfogenome.net)
  • In Europe HTLV-1 is still uncommon, although it is present in some high-risk populations, including immigrants and intravenous drug users. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cytomegalovirus Immune Globulin Intravenous (Human) is indicated for the prophylaxis of cytomegalovirus disease associated with transplantation of kidney, lung, liver, pancreas and heart. (theodora.com)
  • In this setting, unlike in other intestinal nematodes of humans, the larvae can increase in numbers without reinfection from outside. (medscape.com)
  • These data indicate that preventing ART-triggered clonal expansion of HTLV-1-infected cells in co-infected individuals deserves investigation. (ens-lyon.fr)
  • Correspondingly, the endogenous levels of IRF4 and -7 are correlated with that of the BIC transcript in Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-transformed cells. (nih.gov)
  • The control aspects of the five DNA repair mechanisms in virus-infected cells have not been well characterized. (springer.com)
  • IL-17A and IL-17F are produced by CD4 + and CD8 + T cells, γδ T cells, and various innate immune cell populations in response to IL-1β and IL-23, and they mediate protective immunity against fungi and bacteria by promoting neutrophil recruitment, antimicrobial peptide production and enhanced barrier function. (nature.com)
  • White blood cells released by the bone marrow that circulate in the peripheral blood account for only 5% of the total WBC mass and form two pools of cells: (1) marginal and (2) circulating. (pocketdentistry.com)
  • The only human genotype that does not have a simian relative is A. It is thought that genotypes B, D, E, F and G originated in Africa from closely related STLV about 30,000 years ago, while the Asian genotype C is thought to have originated independently in Indonesia from the simians present there. (wikipedia.org)