Mouse hippocampusNeuronsFunction of the hippocampusBrainHippocampalSpatialBasalNeurotrophic factorRatsCognitivePrefrontal cortexSeahorseNeuronalDentate gyrusCortexGene expressionMedialFunctionalAmygdalaNeurogenesisNROC ProjectMemoryNucleiReceptorsMiceDepressionContentStructuresAdultFoundOccurMemoriesDistinctOrganizationTemporalAreaObjectsRegionsHumanShowTailHumansScientistsRegionUsers
Mouse hippocampus8
- Many neurons in the rat and mouse hippocampus respond as place cells: that is, they fire bursts of action potentials when the animal passes through a specific part of its environment. (wikipedia.org)
- However, the recent discovery of discrete gene expression domains in the mouse hippocampus has provided the opportunity to re-evaluate hippocampal connectivity," write the investigators. (genengnews.com)
- To integrate mouse hippocampal gene expression and connectivity, we mapped the distribution of distinct gene expression patterns in mouse hippocampus and subiculum to create the Hippocampus Gene Expression Atlas (HGEA). (genengnews.com)
- It totally changes our understanding by combining a wiring diagram with gene expression of the mouse hippocampus. (genengnews.com)
- The aim of the present study was to clarify the protective capacity of taurine (Tau) on As-induced neuronal apoptosis and the related mechanism in mouse hippocampus. (springer.com)
- The apoptotic rate of mouse hippocampus was determined by TUNEL staining. (springer.com)
- The results indicated that Tau supplement markedly ameliorates As-induced apoptosis by mitochondria-related pathway in mouse hippocampus. (springer.com)
- Here, we measured the circadian rhythm of autophagy-related proteins in mouse hippocampus and tested the effect of sleep fragmentation (SF). (nih.gov)
Neurons2
- Scientists can use the new map of the hippocampus to deliver genetically-targeted drugs to specific neurons with fewer side effects, according to senior author, Hong-Wei Dong, M.D., Ph.D., USC professor of neurology and director of the USC Center for Integrated Connectomics (CIC). (genengnews.com)
- Our group previously reported that arsenic (As) exposure induced apoptosis in hippocampus neurons. (springer.com)
Function of the hippocampus2
- The findings point to a more general function of the hippocampus - it's representing the whole experience," says Aronov, [who recently joined the faculty at Columbia University. (simonsfoundation.org)
- A function of the hippocampus is memory of one's environment and space, as well as memory of events and facts. (differencebetween.net)
Brain26
- Humans and other mammals have two hippocampi, one in each side of the brain. (wikipedia.org)
- In rodents as model organisms, the hippocampus has been studied extensively as part of a brain system responsible for spatial memory and navigation. (wikipedia.org)
- The renaming of the hippocampus as hippocampus major, and the calcar avis as hippocampus minor, has been attributed to Félix Vicq-d'Azyr systematizing nomenclature of parts of the brain in 1786. (wikipedia.org)
- The hippocampus is anatomically connected to parts of the brain that are involved with emotional behavior - the septum, the hypothalamic mammillary body, and the anterior nuclear complex in the thalamus, and is generally accepted to be part of the limbic system. (wikipedia.org)
- The hippocampus is the portion of the brain responsible for new memory formation, he explained to reporters at a press briefing. (medscape.com)
- The investigators assessed a number of cognitive functions after radiotherapy in 113 adults who had a measurable brain metastasis outside a 5-mm margin around the hippocampus. (medscape.com)
- Currently, a phase 3 trial, RTOG 1317, is comparing partial cranial radiation with and without sparing of the hippocampus in patients with nonsmall-cell lung cancer and brain metastases. (medscape.com)
- Meanwhile, the hippocampus, the brain region responsible for spatial memory, has not been considered to be involved in CPP. (news-medical.net)
- Understanding the organization of the hippocampus is fundamental to understanding brain function related to learning, memory, emotions, and diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. (genengnews.com)
- Our results define the hippocampus' multiscale network organization and elucidate each subnetwork's unique brain-wide connectivity patterns. (genengnews.com)
- It's the first part of the brain impaired by Alzheimer's and hippocampus degeneration can cause epilepsy and other diseases. (genengnews.com)
- Segal M. "5-HT antagonists in rat hippocampus" Brain Res. . (erowid.org)
- Now, in the January 21 Neuron, researchers led by Berislav Zlokovic at the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, report that in older adults the blood-brain barrier first becomes compromised in subdivisions of the hippocampus. (alzforum.org)
- New research shows that the hippocampus can map sound, supporting a broader role for this brain region in organizing information. (simonsfoundation.org)
- Anatomically, it makes no sense for the hippocampus to be only about space, because it receives information from everywhere in the brain. (simonsfoundation.org)
- The hippocampus is an area of the brain which functions in creating some types of memory, is involved in learning and in bringing about certain behaviors linked to emotional responses. (differencebetween.net)
- The hippocampus is a region of the brain which functions in creating some types of memory, and is important in learning, and certain emotional responses. (differencebetween.net)
- The amygdala occurs as two areas found in the middle part of the temporal lobes of the brain in front of the hippocampus. (differencebetween.net)
- The amygdala and hippocampus are both structures in the brain that can interact at times and are found in the middle region of the temporal lobe. (differencebetween.net)
- Look no further than the hippocampus, the part of the brain responsible for long-term memory and spatial navigation. (wholisticresearch.com)
- In this blog post, we will explore some of the best nootropics for the hippocampus and how they benefit your brain health. (wholisticresearch.com)
- Nooceptin is a highly effective nootropic supplement that has a range of beneficial effects on the brain, especially the hippocampus. (wholisticresearch.com)
- the anterior hippocampus were sectioned on a cryostat at 14microm and thaw mounted onto glass slides (38mm, Brain Research Laboratories ). (brainresearchlab.com)
- A specific region of the hippocampus, a brain structure that is essential to memory, is significantly smaller in veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder than in those without the condition, according to a study by researchers at the San Francisco VA Medical Center and UCSF. (ucsf.edu)
- The hippocampus, a finger-joint size structure found in both hemispheres of the brain, is essential for laying down memories, as well as for retrieving them, explains study author Thomas C. Neylan, MD, director of the PTSD program at SFVAMC and a professor of psychiatry at UCSF. (ucsf.edu)
- Previous studies of global brain hypoxia ischemia have primarily focused on injury to the cerebral cortex and to the hippocampus. (cdc.gov)
Hippocampal2
- Today, the structure is just called the hippocampus, with the term cornu Ammonis (that is, 'Ammon's horn') surviving in the names of the hippocampal subfields CA1-CA4. (wikipedia.org)
- Thus, the video game is a more revealing measure of spatial memory and a more sensitive measure of hippocampal dysfunction - a more powerful tool for exploring the link between the hippocampus and depression. (medgadget.com)
Spatial10
- The hippocampus is part of the limbic system, and plays important roles in the consolidation of information from short-term memory to long-term memory, and in spatial memory that enables navigation. (wikipedia.org)
- Specifically, the hippocampus is responsible for spatial memory acquisition. (news-medical.net)
- They narrowed their target range to the astrocytic MORs in the hippocampus as it is the place where spatial memory is formed. (news-medical.net)
- These excitatory neurotransmitters increase the synaptic transmissions at Schaffer collateral-CA1 synapse in the hippocampus, which is responsible for the acquisition of spatial memory to induce CPP. (news-medical.net)
- The human hippocampus helps regulate emotions and guides navigation by spatial processing. (genengnews.com)
- Scientists are using a virtual-reality, three-dimensional video game that challenges spatial memory as a new tool for assessing the link between depression and the hippocampus, the brain's memory hub. (medgadget.com)
- This study strengthened the evidence of a link between the hippocampus and depression by showing that people with hippocampus dysfunction - as revealed by spatial memory problems detected by the new video game - are more likely to be depressed. (medgadget.com)
- Thus, under conditions in which recognition memory has a spatial or temporal component, the hippocampus appears to be critical. (jneurosci.org)
- The results from this review suggest that investigation of the effects of AP on hippocampus-based functions, including spatial navigation and memory, would also be beneficial This paper then describes the methodology employed in a pilot study to address the link between lifetime exposure to PM2.5 and NO2 and performance on hippocampus-dependent tasks. (bham.ac.uk)
- 20.73 [SD = 3.68]), recruited at the University of Birmingham, completed 3 cognitive tasks: a hippocampus-dependent spatial working memory task (MemoryArena), a hippocampus-dependent transfer learning task (TL) and a hippocampus-independent attention network task (ANT). (bham.ac.uk)
Basal2
- The only parameter that was associated to basal level of 'depression' and to the antidepressant effect was cell proliferation in the hippocampus. (biopsychiatry.com)
- Bilirubin staining can be noted on autopsy of fresh specimens in the regions of the basal ganglia, hippocampus, substantia nigra, and brainstem nuclei. (medscape.com)
Neurotrophic factor1
- In order to identify possible biological underpinnings of depression and the antidepressant effect of running, we analysed cell proliferation, the level of the neurotrophic factor BDNF in hippocampus and dynorphin in striatum/accumbens in 'depressed' Flinders Sensitive Line rats (FSL) and Flinders Resistant Line (FRL) rats with and without access to running-wheels. (biopsychiatry.com)
Rats4
- Thus, groups of rats were prepared with a unilateral cytotoxic lesion in the hippocampus combined with a lesion in either the contralateral perirhinal or prefrontal cortex. (jneurosci.org)
- In the hippocampus, cell proliferation was lower in the 'depressed' rats compared to the control FRL rats but there was no difference in BDNF or dynorphin levels in striatum/accumbens. (biopsychiatry.com)
- Conclusions: These results suggest that the eight-arm radial maze is involved in the induction of Trh, Tnxa, S100a9 and Nnat in hippocampus in rats. (umich.edu)
- We generated GABAergic interneuron precursors from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and grafted them in the hippocampi of rats developing chronic SRSs after kainic acid‐induced status epilepticus. (lu.se)
Cognitive1
- By linking β-amyloid pathology with impaired NREM SWA, these data implicate sleep disruption as a mechanistic pathway through which β-amyloid pathology may contribute to hippocampus-dependent cognitive decline in the elderly. (nature.com)
Prefrontal cortex5
- Experiment 2 examined whether, when using different types of recognition memory information, the hippocampus interacts with either the perirhinal or prefrontal cortex. (jneurosci.org)
- and second, that the hippocampus functionally interacts with either the perirhinal or medial prefrontal cortex during these recognition memory tasks. (jneurosci.org)
- To test the first hypothesis, animals with bilateral lesions in the hippocampus, medial prefrontal cortex, and perirhinal cortex were compared in a battery of recognition memory tasks. (jneurosci.org)
- The second hypothesis was tested by disconnecting the hippocampus from either the perirhinal or medial prefrontal cortex in the same or opposite hemisphere. (jneurosci.org)
- Stimuli or input are received by the amygdala from the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. (differencebetween.net)
Seahorse4
- I want to give you a gold trophy of Hippocampus , a blue ribbon embroidered with an orange seahorse. (literarymama.com)
- The hippocampus is also found in the middle region of the temporal lobe but it has a seahorse shape that is different from that of the amygdala. (differencebetween.net)
- The hippocampus is the shape of a seahorse. (differencebetween.net)
- The amygdala is almond-shaped and more involved in emotion while the hippocampus is seahorse-shaped and functions in certain types of memory and learning. (differencebetween.net)
Neuronal2
- Since different neuronal cell types are neatly organized into layers in the hippocampus, it has frequently been used as a model system for studying neurophysiology. (wikipedia.org)
- A number of scientists have found that cells in the hippocampus and entorhinal circuit produce a predictable sequence of neuronal activity during tasks. (simonsfoundation.org)
Dentate gyrus4
- In humans, it contains two main interlocking parts: the hippocampus proper (also called Ammon's horn), and the dentate gyrus. (wikipedia.org)
- A recent model of the hippocampus predicts that the unique properties of the dentate gyrus allow for temporal separation of events. (nih.gov)
- Ki67-labelled cells were counted within the dentate gyrus and hilus on sections taken from the anterior hippocampus. (brainresearchlab.com)
- They project to the polymorphic layer of the dentate gyrus and to the proximal dendrites of PYRAMIDAL CELLS of the HIPPOCAMPUS. (bvsalud.org)
Cortex2
- The term limbic system was introduced in 1952 by Paul MacLean to describe the set of structures that line the deep edge of the cortex (Latin limbus meaning border): These include the hippocampus, cingulate cortex, olfactory cortex, and amygdala. (wikipedia.org)
- The hippocampus and the neighboring entorhinal cortex are well known for their striking ability to map space. (simonsfoundation.org)
Gene expression2
- To investigate the molecular mechanisms of cholinergic sprouting in the hippocampus after removal of entorhinal cortical inputs, we evaluated trophic factor gene expression in the denervated hippocampus. (jneurosci.org)
- In order to identify the memory-related gene expression by behavioral test, we performed DNA microarray analysis to investigate the changes in gene expression in the hippocampus. (umich.edu)
Medial3
- The hippocampus, as the medial pallium, is a structure found in all vertebrates. (wikipedia.org)
- Damage to the hippocampus can also result from oxygen starvation (hypoxia), encephalitis, or medial temporal lobe epilepsy. (wikipedia.org)
- Experiment 2 revealed that object-in-place and recency recognition memory performance depended on a functional interaction between the hippocampus and either the perirhinal or medial prefrontal cortices. (jneurosci.org)
Functional3
- Physiological studies in humans and rodents have suggested that there is both structural and functional heterogeneity along the longitudinal axis of the hippocampus. (genengnews.com)
- Objective: The molecular and cellular basis of structural and functional abnormalities of the hippocampus found in schizophrenia is currently unclear. (brainresearchlab.com)
- These finding score against the idea that non HPC memory storage requires a period of interaction with HPC to establish a stable, precise memory .SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Contrary to expectations from systems memory consolidation , we find that in the absence of a functional hippocampus (HPC) context and visual memories are formed rapidly and exhibit normal persistence and precision. (bvsalud.org)
Amygdala4
- The amygdala does at times work in synergy with the hippocampus to bring about emotional behaviors, particularly when it comes to such responses linked to anxiety and depression. (differencebetween.net)
- The similar location to the amygdala can lead to confusion of the hippocampus with the amygdala. (differencebetween.net)
- In fact, the basolateral part of the amygdala interacts with the ventral part of the hippocampus. (differencebetween.net)
- The close connection between the hippocampus and amygdala both in terms of their structure and function can make it easy to confuse the two, and they do at times work together as part of the limbic system. (differencebetween.net)
Neurogenesis1
- A common trait of antidepressant drugs, electroconvulsive treatment and physical exercise is that they relieve depression and up-regulate neurotrophic factors as well as cell proliferation and neurogenesis in the hippocampus. (biopsychiatry.com)
NROC Project3
- HippoCampus and NROC are trademarks of The NROC Project. (hippocampus.org)
- As an open resource for personalized learning, HippoCampus.org was designed to improve access to quality education for everyone, and is powered by The NROC Project (NROC), a nonprofit organization that collaborates with secondary, postsecondary, and adult education leaders to improve student readiness, persistence, and success. (hippocampus.org)
- HippoCampus is made possible by the members of The NROC Project, and many NROC members offer credit for courses that contain HippoCampus content. (hippocampus.org)
Memory10
- We investigated this feature selection process in the hippocampus during memory acquisition and subsequent consolidation. (nature.com)
- When Is the Hippocampus Involved in Recognition Memory? (jneurosci.org)
- The role of the hippocampus in recognition memory is controversial. (jneurosci.org)
- Experiment 1 examined the role of the hippocampus in recognition memory tasks that required the animals to use these different types of mnemonic information. (jneurosci.org)
- Experiment 1 revealed that the hippocampus was crucial for object location, object-in-place, and recency recognition memory, but not for the novel object preference task. (jneurosci.org)
- However, whether the influence of β-amyloid pathology on hippocampus-dependent memory is, in part, driven by impairments of NREM slow wave activity (SWA) and associated overnight memory consolidation is unknown. (nature.com)
- Furthermore, structural equation models revealed that the association between mPFC β-amyloid pathology and impaired hippocampus-dependent memory consolidation was not direct, but instead statistically depended on the intermediary factor of diminished NREM SWA. (nature.com)
- Figure 3: Associations between NREM SWA, retrieval-related hippocampus activation and memory retention. (nature.com)
- Figure 4: Path models linking Aβ, NREM SWA, retrieval-related hippocampus activation and memory retention. (nature.com)
- We test the hypothesis that the stability and precision of context and visual discrimination memories depend on interactions between the hippocampus (HPC) and other memory storage networks. (bvsalud.org)
Nuclei1
- The present study attempted to evaluate serotonin antagonism on the ypramidal cells of the hippocampus (HPC) which receive serotonin containing afferents from the raphe nuclei. (erowid.org)
Receptors2
- Led by Dr. C. Justin Lee, researchers at the Center for Cognition and Sociality within the Institute for Basic Science (IBS) in Daejeon, South Korea have identified a new mechanistic element of CPP, mu-opioid receptors (MORs) expressed in astrocytes of the hippocampus. (news-medical.net)
- The hippocampus is rich in luteinizing hormone receptors, which might explain why changes are first seen in this structure. (alzforum.org)
Mice1
- We also found that IPC in vivo increased tPA activity in the cornu ammonis area 1 (CA1) layer and Akt phosphorylation in the hippocampus, as well as ischemic tolerance in wild-type but not tPA- or plasminogen-deficient mice. (jci.org)
Depression1
- A study reveals that those who suffer from depression have a smaller hippocampus than non-suffering individuals. (medicaldaily.com)
Content4
- Users who register on HippoCampus can create "playlists" of lessons and view what content is most popular and most highly rated. (commonsensemedia.org)
- Although HippoCampus includes content from Khan Academy , it lacks that site's excellent feature that allows users to track their progress. (commonsensemedia.org)
- HippoCampus.org is a free, core academic website that delivers rich, multimedia content-videos, animations, and simulations-on general education subjects. (hippocampus.org)
- However, many home schooling families have used HippoCampus content to supplement or guide their home curriculum, and we welcome them as users. (hippocampus.org)
Structures2
- Scientists at the University of Southern California (USC) say they have created a map of the hippocampus using fluorescent tracers and 3D animation that show structures, nerve connections, and functions in vivid detail. (genengnews.com)
- USC scientists have produced the most detailed atlas yet of the hippocampus, its functions, and structures. (genengnews.com)
Adult1
- Our interest in mechanisms of neural injury and repair prompted us to investigate the role of trophic factor interactions in a well characterized model of collateral sprouting in the adult rat hippocampus. (jneurosci.org)
Found1
- Researchers found that depressed people performed poorly on the video game compared with nondepressed people, suggesting that their hippocampi were not working properly. (medgadget.com)
Occur1
- The form of neural plasticity known as long-term potentiation (LTP) was initially discovered to occur in the hippocampus and has often been studied in this structure. (wikipedia.org)
Memories2
- However, while the hippocampus is involved in creating memories, it is not the site where they are stored, and the hippocampus also is not involved in forming all types of memories. (differencebetween.net)
- Intact Behavioral Expression of Contextual Fear, Context Discrimination, and Object Discrimination Memories Acquired in the Absence of the Hippocampus. (bvsalud.org)
Distinct1
- Overall, the results show for the first time that the hippocampus has a distinct rhythm of autophagy that can be altered by SF. (nih.gov)
Organization1
- HippoCampus is not a credit-granting organization, and does not monitor, grade, or give transcripts to anyone using the site. (hippocampus.org)
Temporal1
- The hippocampus can be seen as a ridge of gray matter tissue, elevating from the floor of each lateral ventricle in the region of the inferior or temporal horn. (wikipedia.org)
Area1
- Is the Subject Area "Hippocampus" applicable to this article? (plos.org)
Objects1
- Particularly lamentable was the theft of multiple objects, including a gold hippocampus brooch, from the Lydian Hoard kept at the Uşak Museum of Archaeology in western Turkey. (thehistoryblog.com)
Regions2
- The three divisions of the hippocampus are ventral, dorsal, and intermediate regions. (differencebetween.net)
- Previous studies in animals had shown that these regions are the parts of the hippocampus most directly affected by stress, says Neylan, "so we thought these changes might show up in people with PTSD, and they did. (ucsf.edu)
Human1
- In 1861 the hippocampus minor became the center of a dispute over human evolution between Thomas Henry Huxley and Richard Owen, satirized as the Great Hippocampus Question. (wikipedia.org)
Show2
- These data show that tPA can act as an endogenous neuroprotectant in the murine hippocampus. (jci.org)
- More than half the use of HippoCampus occurs during classroom hours, when teachers go online to project topic lectures and show simulations launched from the HippoCampus site. (hippocampus.org)
Tail2
- Another reference appeared with the term pes hippocampi, which may date back to Diemerbroeck in 1672, introducing a comparison with the shape of the folded back forelimbs and webbed feet of the mythological hippocampus, a sea monster with a horse's forequarters and a fish's tail. (wikipedia.org)
- The most famous and precious object from the treasure, the gold hippocampus (a mythical winged horse with the tail of a fish representing air, earth and water), had become a symbol of great pride for Uşak. (thehistoryblog.com)
Humans1
- The hippocampus is located in the allocortex, with neural projections into the neocortex in humans, as well as other primates. (wikipedia.org)
Scientists2
- A better map is a resource scientists can use to better understand the hippocampus and how its degeneration leads to diseases," says Michael S. Bienkowski, Ph.D., lead author of the study and a researcher at the USC Institute for Neuroimaging and Informatics in the Keck School of Medicine of USC. (genengnews.com)
- Scientists have known the basic four-part architecture of the hippocampus for a long time. (genengnews.com)
Region1
- Just as significantly, the CA1 region of the hippocampus, which shrinks as a part of normal aging, was not significantly affected in the veterans with PTSD, according to principal investigator Norbert Schuff, PhD, a senior research scientist at the SFVAMC Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases and professor of radiology at UCSF. (ucsf.edu)
Users1
- There is no charge for individual users at HippoCampus. (hippocampus.org)