Chondroitin
- A family of transmembrane glycoproteins that contain a short cytoplasmic domain, a single-span transmembrane domain, and an extracellular domain with heparin sulfate and CHONDROITIN SULFATE chains. (curehunter.com)
- that is, both excrete excessive amounts of chondroitin sulfate B and heparitin sulfate in the urine. (annals.org)
- Stepwise degradation of the main glycosaminoglycan chains, heparan sulfate (HS), dermatan sulfate (DS) and keratan sulfate (KS), as they are degraded by the indicated enzymes (the degradation pathway of chondroitin sulfates, being similar to that of DS is not shown). (els.net)
- The adhesion could be competed out in a dose dependent manner with heparin or heparan sulfate but not with chondroitin sulfate, another negatively charged erythrocyte surface expressed GAG (Fig. 3 C). Taken together, these indicate that the binding of DBL-1 to heparan sulfate is dependent on structure and not merely ionic interactions between the two molecules. (nih.gov)
- In contrast, their thirteen patients with Hunter-Hurler syndrome showed mucopolysacchariduria of two compounds, heparitin sulfate and chondroitin sulfate B. The majority of the heparitin sulfate excretors had a normal or near-normal facial appearance and displayed mild to slight somatic and radiographic manifestations in comparison with their Hunter-Hurler counterparts, who showed more severe involvement. (wikipedia.org)
- In enzymology, a glucuronate-2-sulfatase (EC 3.1.6.18) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction of cleaving off the 2-sulfate groups of the 2-O-sulfo-D-glucuronate residues of chondroitin sulfate, heparin and heparitin sulfate. (wikipedia.org)
heparin-sulfate eliminase
- Other names in common use include heparin-sulfate eliminase, heparitin-sulfate lyase, heparitinase I, and heparitinase II. (wikipedia.org)
hippocampal neurons at 30
- A-E) Double immunostaining of hippocampal neurons at 30 DIV with anti-MAP2 (red) and the 10E4 anti-heparan sulfate (green) antibodies. (nih.gov)
- To localize cell surface heparan sulfate immunoreactivity on hippocampal neurons at 30 DIV, cells were first stained alive for heparan sulfate, with subsequent fixation and double immunostaining for synapsin I, a specific marker of presynaptic boutons. (nih.gov)
- To determine which syndecan is responsible for the spine-specific accumulation of heparan sulfate, hippocampal neurons at 30 DIV were stained with pAbs to syndecan-2 and syndecan-4 (Kim et al. (nih.gov)
heparan sulfate immunoreactivity
- Cell surface heparan sulfate immunoreactivity is detected on the cell bodies and along dendrites of the pyramidal neurons. (nih.gov)
- D and E) High-power confocal image shows cell surface heparan sulfate immunoreactivity (yellow) as a puncta on the surface of MAP2-positive dendrites (red), in patterns and shapes reminiscent of dendritic spines. (nih.gov)
- Heparan sulfate immunoreactivity is detected on dendritic spines, which appear as small protrusions on dendritic shafts. (nih.gov)
- On the other hand, syndecan-2 is expressed in neurons in a time course and a pattern similar to those of heparan sulfate immunoreactivity. (nih.gov)
Glycosaminoglycans
- Duffy binding-like-1-GST) was found to adhere directly to normal erythrocytes, disrupt naturally formed rosettes, block rosette reformation, and bind to a heparin-Sepharose matrix.The adhesive interactions could be inhibited with heparan sulfate or enzymes that remove heparan sulfate from the cell surface whereas other enzymes or similar glycosaminoglycans of a like negative charge did not affect the binding. (nih.gov)
- The adhesive interactions could be inhibited with heparan sulfate or enzymes that remove heparan sulfate from the cell surface whereas other enzymes or similar glycosaminoglycans of a like negative charge did not affect the binding. (nih.gov)
- Glycosaminoglycans (GAG) are alternating copolymers of a hexosamine and an aldouronic acid which are found in sulfated forms and are synthesized as proteoglycans. (google.com)
- Glycosaminoglycans (GAG) are polysaccharides that contain repeating disaccharides and sulfate groups. (wikipedia.org)
lyase
- The systematic name of this enzyme class is heparin-sulfate lyase. (wikipedia.org)
- Heparin-degrading lyase that recognizes heparin sulfate proteoglycan as its primary substrate. (creative-enzymes.com)
degradation
- Here, we identify the activating ligand of the hybrid two-component system, BT4663, which controls heparin and heparan sulfate acquisition and degradation in this prominent gut microbe, and report the crystal structure of the extracellular sensor domain in both apo and ligand-bound forms. (biomedsearch.com)
- The enzymatic degradation of heparin and heparitin sulfate. (wikipedia.org)
polysaccharides
- In particular aspects, this invention relates to the use of chaotropic compositions, such as guanidine hydrochloride or guanidinium isothiocyanate, in combination with polyanionic compositions, such as those containing sulfated polysaccharides (i.e., heparin or heparitin sulfate), for the isolation of nucleic acids (RNA or DNA). (freepatentsonline.com)
- It cleaves highly sulphated polysaccharide chains in presence of 2-O-sulfated α-L-idopyranosyluronic acid and β-D-glucopyranosyluronic acid residues of polysaccharides. (creative-enzymes.com)
leukocyte
- Interaction between chemokines and heparan sulfate (HS) is essential for leukocyte recruitment during inflammation. (semanticscholar.org)
synapsin
- Confocal microscopy revealed close apposition of cell surface heparan sulfate and synapsin I immunoreactivities (Fig. 2, A-E). Frequently they showed partial, but not complete, overlap (Fig. 2, B and C). This staining pattern suggests that cell surface heparan sulfate is associated with the synaptic junctions of cultured hippocampal neurons. (nih.gov)
enzymology
- Noll, et al, "The Use of Sodium and Lithium Dodecyl Sulfate in Nucleic Acid Isolation", Methods in Enzymology, vol. (freepatentsonline.com)
glycosaminoglycan
- It is caused by a deficiency in one of the enzymes needed to break down the glycosaminoglycan heparan sulfate (which is found in the extra-cellular matrix and on cell surface glycoproteins). (wikipedia.org)
heparinase
- One international unit (IU) of recombinant heparinase III is defined as the amount of enzyme that will liberate 1.0 μmole unsaturated oligosaccharides from heparan sulfate per minute at 35 °C and pH 7.0. (creative-enzymes.com)
enzyme
- The systematic name of this enzyme class is 3'-phosphoadenylyl-sulfate:[heparan sulfate]-glucosamine N-sulfotransferase. (wikipedia.org)
substrate
- Although undegraded heparan sulfate is the primary stored substrate, glycolipids such as gangliosides are also stored despite no genetic defect in the enzymes associated with their breakdown. (wikipedia.org)
dependent
- Previously published studies demonstrated that OpaA-mediated adherence to Chang conjunctival and CHO cells is dependent on binding to heparan sulfate syndecan receptors (24, 25). (nih.gov)
- To provide further evidence that OpaC-mediated adherence to CHO epithelial cells is heparan sulfate dependent, we examined the adherence to heparan sulfate-deficient CHO mutants 745 and 677. (nih.gov)
cell surface
- Cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycan syndecan-2 induces the maturation of dendritic spines in rat hippocampal neurons. (nih.gov)
- We demonstrate that the cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycan syndecan-2 plays a critical role in spine development.Deletion of the COOH-terminal EFYA motif of syndecan-2, the binding site for PDZ domain proteins, abrogates the spine-promoting activity of syndecan-2.Our results indicate that syndecan-2 plays a direct role in the development of postsynaptic specialization through its interactions with PDZ domain proteins. (nih.gov)
- We demonstrate that the cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycan syndecan-2 plays a critical role in spine development. (nih.gov)
- Double staining for heparan sulfate and either MAP2, a dendritic marker (Fig. 3, A-E), or NCAM (Fig. 3, F-H) further demonstrated a punctate distribution of cell surface heparan sulfate along the dendrites of hippocampal neurons. (nih.gov)
surface
- OpaC GC were incubated with wild-type CHO-K1 cells and the isogenic mutants 745 and 677 lacking surface heparan sulfate. (nih.gov)
single
- The work of Sanfilippo and his colleagues described eight mentally challenged children with mucopolysacchariduria of a single compound, heparitin sulfate. (wikipedia.org)
Further
- Double labeling of methanol-fixed 30 DIV hippocampal neurons with antibodies to heparan sulfate and PSD-95 further confirmed the synaptic localization of heparan sulfate. (nih.gov)
- 1998). These observations further support our finding that syndecan-2 is one of the HSPGs responsible for the spine-specific accumulation of heparan sulfate on mature hippocampal neurons in vitro, though a contribution by unknown HSPGs has not been ruled out. (nih.gov)
Double
- Bar, 20 μm in A and 10 μm in D and E. (F-H) Double immunostaining of 30 DIV hippocampal neurons with anti-NCAM (red) and anti-heparan sulfate 10E4 (green) antibodies. (nih.gov)
cells
- Studies have demonstrated that the interaction of the OpaA GC with epithelial cells involves binding to heparan sulfate attached to syndecan receptors. (nih.gov)
- A glycosaminoglycoside (GAG) composition predominantly of tetrasacchardie units derived from heparin/heparan sulfate has enchanced activity in preventing the proliferation of smooth muscle cells. (google.com)
- This staining was not seen in the case of immunolabeling of live cells (Fig. 2 D), suggesting that some heparan sulfates are associated with intracellular compartments. (nih.gov)
heparin and heparitin sulfate
- In enzymology, a glucuronate-2-sulfatase (EC 3.1.6.18) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction of cleaving off the 2-sulfate groups of the 2-O-sulfo-D-glucuronate residues of chondroitin sulfate, heparin and heparitin sulfate. (wikipedia.org)
- The enzymatic degradation of heparin and heparitin sulfate. (wikipedia.org)
chondroitin sulfate
- The adhesion could be competed out in a dose dependent manner with heparin or heparan sulfate but not with chondroitin sulfate, another negatively charged erythrocyte surface expressed GAG (Fig. 3 C). Taken together, these indicate that the binding of DBL-1 to heparan sulfate is dependent on structure and not merely ionic interactions between the two molecules. (nih.gov)
- In contrast, their thirteen patients with Hunter-Hurler syndrome showed mucopolysacchariduria of two compounds, heparitin sulfate and chondroitin sulfate B. The majority of the heparitin sulfate excretors had a normal or near-normal facial appearance and displayed mild to slight somatic and radiographic manifestations in comparison with their Hunter-Hurler counterparts, who showed more severe involvement. (wikipedia.org)
glycosaminoglycans
- Inhibition of heparan sulphate and other glycosaminoglycans binding to Helicobacter pylori by various polysulphated carbohydrates. (semanticscholar.org)
- Duffy binding-like-1-GST) was found to adhere directly to normal erythrocytes, disrupt naturally formed rosettes, block rosette reformation, and bind to a heparin-Sepharose matrix.The adhesive interactions could be inhibited with heparan sulfate or enzymes that remove heparan sulfate from the cell surface whereas other enzymes or similar glycosaminoglycans of a like negative charge did not affect the binding. (nih.gov)
- The adhesive interactions could be inhibited with heparan sulfate or enzymes that remove heparan sulfate from the cell surface whereas other enzymes or similar glycosaminoglycans of a like negative charge did not affect the binding. (nih.gov)
- Glycosaminoglycans (GAG) are polysaccharides that contain repeating disaccharides and sulfate groups. (wikipedia.org)
heparan sulphate
- Heparan sulphate binding to Helicobacter pylori at pH 4 to 5 was inhibited with various sulphated polysaccharides (heparin and chondroitin sulphates, fucoidan, carrageenans and some others), but not by carboxylated or nonsulphated compounds. (semanticscholar.org)
polysaccharide
- Heparan sulfate (HS) is a highly sulfated polysaccharide and is present abundantly on the ESC surface. (nih.gov)