• Concern for hepatitis resulted in a dramatic reduction in the use of halothane for adults and it was replaced in the 1980s by enflurane and isoflurane. (wikipedia.org)
  • The kidney effects of halothane, enflurane and isoflurane were evaluated by using the ratio of urinary excretion of alanine aminopeptidase (AAP) to urine creatinine. (hacettepe.edu.tr)
  • Groups 1, 2 and 3 received halothane, enflurane and isoflurane respectively, Creatinine and AAP activities in urine spot tests, serum creatinine and BUN levels were determined preoperatively and on the first and second postoperative days. (hacettepe.edu.tr)
  • The present study did not reveal any significant difference in the kidney effects of halothane, enflurane and isoflurane through AAP/creatinine in spot urine values. (hacettepe.edu.tr)
  • The effects of halothane and isoflurane on myocardial contraction and relaxation in diseased myocardium are not completely understood. (silverchair.com)
  • However, the negative inotropic effects of halothane and isoflurane were not different for cardiomyopathic or healthy hamsters when their concentrations were corrected for minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) values in each strain. (silverchair.com)
  • Halothane and isoflurane induced no significant lusitropic effect under high load. (silverchair.com)
  • Halothane and isoflurane had greater negative inotropic effects in cardiomyopathic than in healthy hamsters. (silverchair.com)
  • 2. Inhalant anesthetics (e.g., halothane, isoflurane) can be used for euthanasia of rodents. (theodora.com)
  • We have examined the short-term effects of three volatile anaesthetics, halothane, isoflurane and desflurane, on mucociliary activity in the rabbit maxillary sinus in vivo. (lu.se)
  • Administration of 1.0 MAC of halothane, isoflurane or desflurane caused a temporary increase in mucociliary activity, with mean peak responses of 47.8 (SEM 13.0)%, 44.0 (9.6)% and 45.1 (23.7)% (n = 6), respectively. (lu.se)
  • The second peak at 3-5 min was less pronounced for halothane than for isoflurane or desflurane. (lu.se)
  • the inhalational anesthetic is most often halothane, but other anesthetics (eg, isoflurane , sevoflurane , desflurane ) may also be involved. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Currently, halothane is rarely used in economically developed nations due to the availability of newer and safer volatile anesthetics, such as enflurane and sevoflurane . (medscape.com)
  • We have examined the differences in ventilatory characteristics between halothane and sevoflurane when used for adult vital capacity induction of anaesthesia. (cardiff.ac.uk)
  • Differential effects of halothane and sevoflurane on hypoxia-induced intracellular calcium transients of neonatal rat carotid body type I cells. (ox.ac.uk)
  • BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of halothane and sevoflurane on the magnitude of the increase in intracellular calcium with hypoxia in carotid body type I (glomus) cells. (ox.ac.uk)
  • We wished to ascertain if the effects of these agents in single cells paralleled their known effects on the human hypoxic ventilatory response, where halothane depresses this response more than does sevoflurane. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Halothane and sevoflurane were administered in concentrations ranging from 0.18 to 1.45 and 0.1 to 2 minimum alveolar concentration (MAC), respectively (rat values). (ox.ac.uk)
  • RESULTS: Halothane depressed the increase in intracellular calcium with hypoxia more than did sevoflurane (P=0.036). (ox.ac.uk)
  • Although halothane was depressive at all concentrations tested, sevoflurane depressed the calcium response only at 2 MAC. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Both agents also depressed the calcium response to elevated extracellular potassium-halothane more so than sevoflurane (P=0.004). (ox.ac.uk)
  • For single breath induction, what percentage Halothane or Sevoflurane? (studystack.com)
  • Since the risk of halothane hepatitis in children was substantially lower than in adults, halothane continued to be used in pediatrics in the 1990s as it was especially useful for inhalation induction of anesthesia. (wikipedia.org)
  • The aim of this study was to compare the incidence of emergence agitation in children receiving either propofol or halothane anesthesia for a variety of surgical treatments using the Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium (PAED) scale. (medscimonit.com)
  • The subjects were 83 premedicated children aged 1 to 6 years who underwent surgical procedures with propofol (group P, n=41) or with halothane (group H, n=42) anesthesia. (medscimonit.com)
  • The mean dose during maintenance of anesthesia with propofol was 9.0 mg/kg/h or halothane 1.5-2% and fentanyl at a total dose of 5 microg/kg administered during surgery. (medscimonit.com)
  • In children, the administration of propofol maintenance anesthesia is associated with a significantly higher incidence of emergence agitation than halothane maintenance anesthesia. (medscimonit.com)
  • The GE Datex Ohmeda TEC 5 Halothane anesthesia vaporizers are temperature, flow, and pressure compensated so that its output remains relatively constant despite cooling due to evaporation.Designed for out of circuit use in continuous flow techniques of inhalation anesthesia,The TEC 5 is designed to be used on Selectatec Series Mounted Manifolds.Our All Units Are Refurbished , Ready to Use and all units are checked with our Biomedical Engineer team. (med-equip.ca)
  • Halothane anesthesia was found to be hepatotoxic in the rat, as demonstrated by a significant elevation of serum xanthine oxidase (SXO) level. (tau.ac.il)
  • Halothane, sold under the brand name Fluothane among others, is a general anaesthetic. (wikipedia.org)
  • To examine possible mechanisms of action of halothane at clinically relevant concentrations the authors studied the effect of halothane on increases in pulmonary resistance (R(L)) produced by either vagus nerve stimulation (VNS, which caused neurally mediated constriction) or the inhalation of nebulized acetylcholine (ACh, which directly stimulated the smooth muscle cell) in nine mongrel dogs. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The aims of our study were to determine concentrations of wasted halothane in operating rooms and to investigate the effect of halothane pollution on liver functions of exposed personnel. (pjoes.com)
  • The resulting syndrome was referred to as halothane hepatitis, immunoallergic in origin, and is thought to result from the metabolism of halothane to trifluoroacetic acid via oxidative reactions in the liver. (wikipedia.org)
  • At halothane concentrations greater than or equal to 0.4 MAC, the VNS response was significantly less than the ACh response. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The authors conclude that in addition to neurally mediated effects, halothane at clinically used concentrations has significant direct effects on airway smooth muscle stimulated by ACh. (elsevierpure.com)
  • In rare cases, cirrhosis may develop following halothane hepatitis. (medscape.com)
  • However, the findings in halothane hepatitis are indistinguishable from those of fulminant viral hepatitis . (medscape.com)
  • Because halothane hepatitis is a diagnosis of exclusion, ruling out other causes is essential. (medscape.com)
  • We evaluated various dimensions of this replacement through a literature review to assess the incidence of halothane-induced hepatitis and costs of anaesthetics in the country. (who.int)
  • The results indicate that the incidence of halothane hepatitis in the Islamic Republic of Iran is very low and could mostly be avoided by strict adherence to guidelines. (who.int)
  • Anaesthesia has been influential in dif- Iran in 2006 when a number of experts thane-induced hepatitis, some profes- ferent fields of medical practice, espe- claimed that halothane should be sionals have insisted on the necessity cially in surgical procedures and efforts considered a major health threat [10]. (who.int)
  • Our product range includes a wide range of goldmans halothane vaporizer. (ipsmedicalproducts.com)
  • We are prime manufacturers of Goldman halothane vaporizer which is primarily used in hospitals due to their critical and very important requirement and performance. (ipsmedicalproducts.com)
  • Halothane vaporizer. (theodoregray.com)
  • In rare cases, repeated exposure to halothane in adults was noted to result in severe liver injury. (wikipedia.org)
  • Type I (mild) halothane hepatotoxicity occurs within hours of halothane exposure. (medscape.com)
  • Type II (fulminant) halothane hepatotoxicity usually occurs 5-7 days following exposure, although it can be delayed by up to 4 weeks. (medscape.com)
  • The results suggest that exposure to wasted halothane may be harmful to the livers of operating room personnel. (pjoes.com)
  • Halothane given with succinylcholine for induction anesthetic is associated with masseter spasm. (medscape.com)
  • Halothane (2-bromo-2-chloro-1, 1, 1-trifluoro-ethane) is the most popular inhalation agent in today's anesthetic practice. (vcu.edu)
  • Inhalation anesthetic molecules such as halothane cause these lipid regions to mix, potentially affecting the function of ion channel proteins found imbedded in the membrane. (nist.gov)
  • Halothane is the most effective inhalant anesthetic for euthanasia. (theodora.com)
  • The National Halothane Study, a retrospective analysis, reviewed the incidence and mortality rates of postoperative hepatic necrosis from 1959-1962. (medscape.com)
  • Worker exposures to nitrous - oxide (10024972), halothane (151677), and ethrane (13838169) were surveyed on August 6 to 8, 1980 and February 9 to 12, 1981 at the Lincoln Medical and Mental Health Center (SIC-8062) in the Bronx, New York. (cdc.gov)
  • Exposures to nitrous - oxide , halothane, and ethrane ranged from 16 to 850, up to 14.4, and up to 2.4 parts per million (ppm), respectively. (cdc.gov)
  • Halothane and propofol appear to cause much less emergence agitation. (medscimonit.com)
  • Although these investigations disclosed no evidence of adverse effects, reports of liver dysfunction after halothane administration have appeared constantly in the literature. (vcu.edu)
  • of complete replacement of halothane have been ongoing over the years to Consequently, under supervision of with other inhalation agents such as find the most suitable anaesthetic agent. (who.int)
  • Halothane sensitises the heart to catecholamines, so it is liable to cause cardiac arrhythmia, occasionally fatal, particularly if hypercapnia has been allowed to develop. (wikipedia.org)
  • Halothane is C 2 HBrClF 3 , basically a chlorofluorocarbon of the ozone-depleting variety. (theodoregray.com)
  • Torske KE, Dyson DH, Pettifer G. End tidal halothane concentration and postoperative analgesia requirements in dogs: a comparison between intravenous oxymorphone and epidural bupivacaine alone and in combination with oxymorphone. (scielo.br)
  • It has been suggested that halothane inhibits contraction of airway smooth muscle in vivo mainly by reducing reflex activity in nerves innervating the muscle with only minimal direct effects on the muscle itself. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Serum autoantibodies may be present in 30-44% of patients with type II halothane hepatotoxicity. (medscape.com)
  • This is then reacted with bromine at 450 °C to produce halothane. (wikipedia.org)
  • Based on this study, the risk of fatal halothane hepatotoxicity was estimated to be 1 in 35,000. (medscape.com)
  • Halothane hepatotoxicity is more likely to occur in lower resource settings where halothane continues to be used. (medscape.com)
  • Halothane hepatotoxicity is a diagnosis of exclusion. (medscape.com)
  • Physical findings in type II halothane hepatotoxicity include delayed pyrexia (up to 75% of patients). (medscape.com)
  • Eosinophilia occurs in 8-32% of patients with type II halothane hepatotoxicity. (medscape.com)
  • No specific therapy is available for either fulminant hepatic necrosis or mild hepatotoxicity due to halothane. (medscape.com)
  • Two major types of hepatotoxicity are associated with halothane administration. (medscape.com)
  • After the randomization code was revealed, the adverse events were found to be in the halothane group. (cardiff.ac.uk)
  • Halothane changes the domain structure of a binary lipid membrane. (nist.gov)
  • Given this risk, halothane is not recommended for use in adults. (medscape.com)
  • Surgeons were exposed to an average concentration of 29.41 mg/m 3 , anesthesiologists to 34.60 mg/m 3 , instrumenting nurses to 28.62 mg/m 3 and anesthetists to 30.09 mg/m 3 of halothane. (pjoes.com)
  • We present novel experimental results of negative ion formation of halothane (C2HBrClF3) upon electron transfer from hyperthermal neutral potassium atoms (K°) in the collision energy range of 8-1000 eV. (unl.pt)
  • Because halothane may not produce sufficient muscle relaxation, supplemental neuromuscular blocking agents may be required. (curehunter.com)
  • Comprehensive cost-effectiveness studies are needed before a decision is made on complete replacement of halothane with other anaesthetics. (who.int)
  • citation needed] The commercial synthesis of halothane starts from trichloroethylene, which is reacted with hydrogen fluoride in the presence of antimony trichloride at 130 °C to form 2-chloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane. (wikipedia.org)
  • The frequency of bilateral VNS and the dose of nebulized ACh were adjusted to produce approximately equal increases in R(L). Halothane reduced the response to both types of stimulation in a dose-dependent fashion. (elsevierpure.com)
  • The second response was not significant for halothane. (lu.se)
  • A combination of atropine and CP-99 pretreatment abolished the mucociliary response to halothane. (lu.se)