HLA-DR antigens also occur on a variety of epithelial cells and their corresponding neoplastic counterparts. (novusbio.com)
and 4) an increased frequency of HLA class II antigens DR3 12 and DQ7 11 have been reported among PPH patients, further suggesting that immune deregulation plays a role in the pathogenesis of the disorder. (ersjournals.com)
Human immune-response or Class II antigens found mainly, but not exclusively, on B-lymphocytes and produced from genes of the HLA-D locus. (edu.au)
Individual serologically defined antigens encoded by the class I and II gene loci in the HLA system are given standard designations (eg, HLA-A1, -B5, -C1, -DR1). (msdmanuals.com)
Simplification of two-dimensional gel patterns of HLA class II antigens. (ox.ac.uk)
HLA class II antigens associated with systemic lupus erythematosus in black South Africans. (ox.ac.uk)
OBJECTIVE: To assess the associations of HLA class II antigens with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in black South Africans. (ox.ac.uk)
Structural analysis of human Ia antigens reveals the existence of a fourth molecular subset distinct from DP, DQ, and DR molecules. (silverchair.com)
Structural analysis by two-dimensional peptide maps (2D-PM) of the human Ia molecular pool expressed on the cell surface of two distinct lymphoblastoid cell line, LG-2 and Raji, revealed the existence of a novel MHC class II molecular heterodimer that differs at the level of both alpha and beta subunits from the previously described DP, DQ, and DR antigens. (silverchair.com)
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is strongly associated with the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DRB1 locus that possesses the shared susceptibility epitope (SE) and the citrullination of self-antigens. (rcsb.org)
Antigen31
HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DRB3-1 beta chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HLA-DRB3 gene. (wikipedia.org)
The HLA-DRB1 gene is part of a family of genes called the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) complex. (medlineplus.gov)
Together, they form a functional protein complex called the HLA-DR antigen-binding heterodimer. (medlineplus.gov)
This monoclonal antibody reacts with the beta-chain of HLA-DRB1 antigen, a member of MHC class II molecules. (novusbio.com)
2 HIX0018378 6p21.32 HLA-DRB1 HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DRB1-15 beta chain precursor (MHC class I antigen DRB1*15) (DW2.2/DR2.2). (h-invitational.jp)
3 HIX0027959 6p21.32 HLA-DQA1 HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DQ(5) alpha chain precursor (DC-1 alpha chain). (h-invitational.jp)
4 HIX0078231 6p21.32 HLA-DQB1 HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DQ(W1.1) beta chain precursor (DQB1*0501). (h-invitational.jp)
6 HIX0078239 6p21.32 HLA-B HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B-7 alpha chain precursor (MHC class I antigen B*7). (h-invitational.jp)
7 HIX0005684 6p21.32 HLA-A HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, A-3 alpha chain precursor (MHC class I antigen A*3). (h-invitational.jp)
8 HIX0005683 6p21.32 HLA-G HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, alpha chain G precursor (HLA G antigen). (h-invitational.jp)
13 HIX0078437 6_cox_hap2 HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B-8 alpha chain precursor (MHC class I antigen B*8). (h-invitational.jp)
16 HIX0033011 6_qbl_hap6 HLA-A HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, A-26 alpha chain precursor (MHC class I antigen A*26). (h-invitational.jp)
17 HIX0078608 6_qbl_hap6 HLA-DPB1 MHC class II antigen. (h-invitational.jp)
22 HIX0057992 6_mann_hap4 HLA-DMB HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DM beta chain precursor (MHC class II antigen DMB). (h-invitational.jp)
23 HIX0032841 6_mann_hap4 HLA-H MHC class I antigen HLA-H ortholog (Fragment). (h-invitational.jp)
24 HIX0005752 6_mann_hap4 HLA-DRA HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DR alpha chain precursor (MHC class II antigen DRA). (h-invitational.jp)
25 HIX0078594 6_mann_hap4 HLA-C HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, Cw-16 alpha chain precursor (MHC class I antigen Cw*16). (h-invitational.jp)
28 HIX0078423 6_ssto_hap7 HLA-A HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, A-32 alpha chain precursor (MHC class I antigen A*32). (h-invitational.jp)
The analysis of genetic factors other than CFTR may help our understanding of genotype-phenotype relationships in CF. As human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II polymorphism has been associated with a number of diseases including autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, asthma, and allergy, we investigated the possibility that HLA polymorphism contributes to CF-associated pulmonary inflammation. (nih.gov)
It is not clear which factors are responsible for variation in clinical picture of APECED, but human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genotype may be important. (ersjournals.com)
The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genotype may be important, since it was observed that autoimmune conditions in the APECED cohort showed HLA associations that were similar to those found in non‐APECED patients with respective autoimmune disorders 4 . (ersjournals.com)
Description: The LN3 mAb reacts with the human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II, HLA-DR. HLA-DR is expressed on the surface of human antigen presenting cells (APC) including B cells, monocytes, macrophages, DCs, and activated T cells. (thermofisher.com)
HLA-DR is expressed primarily on antigen presenting cells such as B lymphocytes, monocytes, macrophages, thymic epithelial cells and activated T lymphocytes. (thermofisher.com)
Mouse monoclonal to HLA-DR.HLA-DR a human class II antigen of the major histocompatibility complex(MHC),is a transmembrane glycoprotein composed of an alpha chain (36 kDa) and a beta subunit(27kDa) expressed primarily on antigen presenting cells:B cells, monocytes, macrophages and thymic epithelial cells. (cell-signaling-pathways.com)
The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system (the major histocompatibility complex [MHC] in humans) is an important part of the immune system and is controlled by genes located on chromosome 6. (msdmanuals.com)
Because every nucleated cell expresses class I MHC molecules, all infected cells can act as antigen-presenting cells for CD8 T cells (CD8 binds to the nonpolymorphic part of the class I heavy chain). (msdmanuals.com)
The L243 monoclonal antibody reacts with the HLA-DR antigen, a member of MHC class II molecules. (biolegend.com)
CLIP is the remaining segment of class II invariant chain (Ii) after proteolytic degradation which stays associated with HLA-DR and represents a final intermediate in the removal of invariant chain from class II molecules during antigen processing. (bdbiosciences.com)
There are no known differences in the structure of the human MHC Class I antigen a chains encoded by the HLA-A locus compared to those encoded by the HLA-B or the HLA-C loci, or in the structure of the murine MHC Class I antigen a chains encoded by the H-2K locus compared to those encoded by the H-2D or H-2L loci. (microbenotes.com)
The role of genes ceptibility to HIV infection and the course of HIV of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system in disease. (cdc.gov)
Genes17
The HLA-DRB1 gene belongs to a group of MHC genes called MHC class II. (medlineplus.gov)
The alpha chain is encoded by one of the HLA-D genes, while the beta chain is encoded by one of the HLA-DP, HLA-DQ, or HLA-DR genes. (tutorialspoint.com)
Komatsu, T., Moriya, N. and Shiohara, T. (1996) T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire and function of human epidermal T cells: Restricted TCR V alpha-V beta genes are utilized by T cells residing in the lesional epidermis in fixed drug eruption. (scirp.org)
The heavy chain of the class I molecule is encoded by genes at HLA-A, HLA-B, and HLA-C loci. (msdmanuals.com)
Some class I MHC genes encode nonclassical MHC molecules, such as HLA-G (which may play a role in protecting the fetus from the maternal immune response) and HLA-E (which presents peptides to certain receptors on natural killer [NK] cells). (msdmanuals.com)
Both polypeptide chains are encoded by genes in the HLA-DP, -DQ, or -DR region of chromosome 6. (msdmanuals.com)
An interferon regulatory factor that binds upstream TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATORY ELEMENTS in the GENES for INTERFERON-ALPHA and INTERFERON-BETA . (lookformedical.com)
Localization of type 1 diabetes susceptibility to the MHC class I genes HLA-B and HLA-A. (ox.ac.uk)
In type 1 diabetes the major genetic susceptibility determinants have been mapped to the MHC class II genes HLA-DQB1 and HLA-DRB1 (refs 1-3), but these genes cannot completely explain the association between type 1 diabetes and the MHC region. (ox.ac.uk)
Other loci with smaller and/or rarer effects might also be involved, but to find these, future searches must take into account both the HLA class II and class I genes and use even larger samples. (ox.ac.uk)
MHC class II molecules are encoded by polymorphic MHC genes and consist of a non-covalent complex of an alpha and beta chain. (progen.com)
In humans, the MHC class I protein is encoded by the HLA-A, -B, and -C genes. (microbenotes.com)
Thus, the murine I-A locus actually consists of the Iα and Iβ genes, the human HLA-DR locus of the HLA-DRα and HLA-DRβ, etc. (microbenotes.com)
Our research is focused on the role of HLA and non-HLA genes in the etiology and pathogenesis with particular emphasis to uncover the importance of beta cell autoantigens such as GAD65, insulin, IA-2, ZnT8, INS-IGF2 and tetraspanin 7. (lu.se)
Overall the research aim at the prediction and prevention primarily of autoimmune (type 1) diabetes by combining screening for HLA and non-HLA genes to identify subjects at risk and to measure and develop tests for beta cell autoimmunity and to carry out primary and secondary prevention trials eventually to prevent and thereby cure autoimmune (type 1) diabetes. (lu.se)
Several HLA genes or haplotypes immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as of mid-1996 (1). (cdc.gov)
Earlier HIV infec- receptor gene polymorphism in HIV infection, tion diagnosis, inhibition of ongoing HIV replica- only genes of the HLA system were thought to tion with antiretroviral therapy (in industrialized protect against HIV infection. (cdc.gov)
Molecules13
In conjunction with the CD3/TCR complex and CD4 molecules, HLA-DR is critical for efficient peptide presentation to CD4+ T cells. (novusbio.com)
MHC class II molecules are heterodimers consisting of two chains: alpha and beta. (tutorialspoint.com)
HLA-DR, like other MHC class II molecules, is a transmembrane glycoprotein composed of a 36 kDa alpha chain (DRA) and 27 kDa beta chain (DRB). (thermofisher.com)
We have analysed the peptide binding motifs of HLA-DRB1*1301 and *1302 using affinity purified HLA-DR13 molecules to purify sequentially HLA-DR13-binding peptides from a large random library of M13 phage containing nonamer inserts in the pIII coat protein. (ox.ac.uk)
Analysis of the phage bound to these DR molecules suggests binding motifs. (ox.ac.uk)
Intact class I molecules consist of an alpha heavy chain bound to a beta-2 microglobulin molecule. (msdmanuals.com)
Here we show, in four cell lines of human adult T cell lymphoma/leukemia origin, that the three IL-2R subunits are compartmented together with HLA glycoproteins and CD48 molecules in the plasma membrane, by means of fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), confocal microscopy and immuno-biochemical techniques. (unideb.hu)
Accumulating in endosomal/lysosomal compartments and on the surface of B cells, HLA-DM and -DO molecules regulate binding of exogenous peptides to class II molecules (HLA-DR) by sustaining a conformation that favors peptide exchange. (progen.com)
MHC Class I molecules in both human and mouse consist of two polypeptide chains that dramatically differ in size. (microbenotes.com)
X-ray crystallography showed that the peptide-binding site in the MHC Class I molecules looks like a cleft that has a ''floor'' and two ''walls'' formed by spiral shaped portions of the alpha chain, called alpha 1 and alpha 2. (microbenotes.com)
The class II proteins are encoded by the HLA-D region and the HLA-D regions have three families, DP-, DQ-, and DR-encoded molecules. (microbenotes.com)
Class II MHC molecules in both humans and mice consist of two polypeptide chains that have a similar, albeit not identical size. (microbenotes.com)
MHC-II molecules drive the development, activation, and homeostasis of CD4 + T-helper cells. (hindawi.com)
Molecule7
The class II molecule is a heterodimer consisting of an alpha (DRA) and a beta chain (DRB), both anchored in the membrane. (wikipedia.org)
Within the DR molecule the beta chain contains all the polymorphisms specifying the peptide binding specificities. (wikipedia.org)
The alpha1 domain is involved in binding to the beta chain and is essential for the stability of the MHC class II molecule. (tutorialspoint.com)
The interactions between the alpha and beta chains are critical for the stability of the MHC class II molecule. (tutorialspoint.com)
The MHC class II molecule is stabilized by disulfide bonds between the alpha and beta chains, as well as interactions with the TMDs. (tutorialspoint.com)
Once the MHC class II molecule has been transported to the cell surface, the invariant chain is cleaved and removed by proteases, allowing peptides to bind to the peptide-binding groove. (tutorialspoint.com)
The removal of CLIP and subsequent loading of the antigenic peptide is facilitated by the non-classical class II molecule HLA-DM. (bdbiosciences.com)
Peptides5
HLA-DR is a heterodimeric transmembrane protein composed of alpha and beta subunits and plays an important role in the presentation of peptides to CD4+ T lymphocytes. (thermofisher.com)
HLA-DR is expressed primarily by B cells and dendritic cells (DC), in which it binds peptides derived from internalized and processed antigenic proteins. (rndsystems.com)
The CerCLIP monoclonal antibody specifically recognizes the class II associated invariant chain peptides (CLIP). (bdbiosciences.com)
Peptide elution studies revealed P4 arginine-containing peptides from HLA-DRB1*04:02, but not from HLA-DRB1*04:01/04. (rcsb.org)
Gluten peptides enter the pancreas where they affect the morphology and might induce beta-cell stress by enhancing glucose- and palmitate-stimulated insulin secretion. (mdpi.com)
Alleles5
Researchers have identified hundreds of different versions (alleles) of the HLA-DRB1 gene, each of which is given a particular number (such as HLA-DRB1 *04:01). (medlineplus.gov)
Analysis of peptide-binding motifs for two disease associated HLA-DR13 alleles using an M13 phage display library. (ox.ac.uk)
These DR13 alleles differ only at position 86 of the HLA-DR beta chain, where they contain valine and glycine residues respectively. (ox.ac.uk)
HLA-DR alleles, polymorphisms, and aberrant expression are linked to a variety of diseases including autoimmunity and cancer. (rndsystems.com)
For example, cer- countries), and prevention and treatment of tain distributions of HLA class I alleles were opportunistic infections and cancers delay the observed in uninfected female commercial sex onset of AIDS and increase the life expectancy workers in Africa (13,14) and Thailand (11), who of HIV-infected persons. (cdc.gov)
HLA class II polymorphism in cystic fibrosis. (nih.gov)
Comparative analysis by 2D-PM of the two cell lines showed the presence of structural variations in the alpha chains of the fourth Ia subset, suggesting the existence of polymorphism for these subunits. (silverchair.com)
Cell surface iodination did not show appreciable labeling of the fourth subset beta chain in LG-2 cells, and this prevented analysis of the structural polymorphism of this subunit. (silverchair.com)
Furthermore, for the first time, we have shown that DP alpha chains display distinct peptide maps in LG-2 and Raji cells, thus suggesting the presence of structural polymorphism for these Ia subunits also. (silverchair.com)
Finally, we have confirmed the absence of polymorphism for the DR alpha subunits. (silverchair.com)
Antibody5
Western Blot: HLA DRB1 Antibody (LN-3 + HLA-DRB/1067) [NBP2-45316] - Western Blot Analysis of Ramos cell lysate using HLA DRB1 Antibody (LN-3 + HLA-DRB/1067). (novusbio.com)
Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: HLA DRB1 Antibody (LN-3 + HLA-DRB/1067) [NBP2-45316] - Human Tonsil stained with HLA-DRB Monoclonal Antibody (LN-3 + HLA-DRB/1067). (novusbio.com)
Flow Cytometry: HLA DRB1 Antibody (LN-3 + HLA-DRB/1067) [NBP2-45316] - Flow Cytometric Analysis of Human Raji cells using HLA DRB1 Antibody (LN-3 + HLA-DRB/1067). (novusbio.com)
The following product was used in this experiment: HLA-DR Monoclonal Antibody (LN3), Super Bright™ 436, eBioscience™ from Thermo Fisher Scientific, catalog # 62-9956-42, RRID AB_2744822. (thermofisher.com)
Human peripheral blood lymphocytes were stained with (A) Mouse Anti-Human HLA-DR Alexa Fluor® 700-conjugated Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # FAB4869N) or (B) isotype control antibody (Catalog # IC002N ) Mouse anti-Human CD19 PE-conjugated Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # FAB4867P ). (rndsystems.com)
Subunits5
Beta-crystallins exist as oligomers formed from acidic (BETA-CRYSTALLIN A CHAIN) and basic (BETA-CRYSTALLIN B CHAIN) subunits. (lookformedical.com)
The proteins exist as large oligomers that are formed from ALPHA-CRYSTALLIN A CHAIN and ALPHA-CRYSTALLIN B CHAIN subunits. (lookformedical.com)
Subunits (alpha, beta and gamma) of the interleukin-2 receptor complex (IL-2R) are involved in both proliferative and activation-induced cell death (AICD) signaling of T cells. (unideb.hu)
HLA-DR is a transmembrane human major histocompatibility complex 2 (MHC II) family member and consists of a 34 kDa (alpha) subunit and one of several 28 kDa (beta) subunits. (rndsystems.com)
By 2D-PM, relatively low structural variation was instead found for the highly polymorphic DR beta subunits expressed in the two cell lines, suggesting that cell surface iodination preferentially labels constant domains of DR beta chains. (silverchair.com)
DRB114
The HLA-DRB1 gene provides instructions for making a protein that plays a critical role in the immune system. (medlineplus.gov)
The protein produced from the HLA-DRB1 gene, called the beta chain, attaches (binds) to another protein called the alpha chain, which is produced from the HLA-DRA gene. (medlineplus.gov)
Certain variations in the HLA-DRB1 gene have been linked to an increased risk of developing an autoimmune disorder called autoimmune Addison disease. (medlineplus.gov)
A particular HLA-DRB1 gene variant called HLA-DRB1*04:04 is the most well-known risk factor for autoimmune Addison disease. (medlineplus.gov)
It is not clear how HLA-DRB1*04:04 and other HLA-DRB1 variations are involved in the inappropriate immune response that causes autoimmune Addison disease. (medlineplus.gov)
Variations in the HLA-DRB1 gene have been associated with an increased risk of developing multiple sclerosis. (medlineplus.gov)
The HLA genotype of the patient (DRB1*01/DRB1*11, DQB1*0301/DQB1*0501) has been previously reported as a predisposing factor to PPH. (ersjournals.com)
DRA does not have polymorphisms in the peptide binding part and acts as the sole alpha chain for DRB1, DRB3, DRB4 and DRB5. (thermofisher.com)
METHODS: HLA-DRB1 genotype frequencies assigned by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and sequence specific oligonucleotide probes were compared between 49 black SLE patients from Baragwanath Hospital and 87 ethnically matched controls. (ox.ac.uk)
HLA-DRB1*03 was less strongly linked to DQB1*02 in this population than in white populations and was not associated with SLE. (ox.ac.uk)
Citrulline was accommodated within the electropositive P4 pocket of HLA-DRB1*04:01/04, whereas the electronegative P4 pocket of the RA-resistant HLA-DRB1*04:02 allomorph interacted with arginine or citrulline-containing epitopes. (rcsb.org)
Citrullination altered protease susceptibility of vimentin, thereby generating self-epitopes that are presented to T cells in HLA-DRB1*04:01(+) individuals. (rcsb.org)
Using HLA-II tetramers, we observed citrullinated vimentin- and aggrecan-specific CD4(+) T cells in the peripheral blood of HLA-DRB1*04:01(+) RA-affected and healthy individuals. (rcsb.org)
These findings reshape our understanding of the association between citrullination, the HLA-DRB1 locus, and T cell autoreactivity in RA. (rcsb.org)
Humans1
The larger (α) chain has a molecular weight of 44 kDa in humans and 47 kDa in the mouse, and is encoded by an MHC Class I gene. (microbenotes.com)
Protein5
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the HLA class II beta chain paralogues. (wikipedia.org)
5 HIX0032963 6p21.32 MHC class II, alpha chain, N-terminal domain containing protein. (h-invitational.jp)
The association is mediated by a chaperone protein called the invariant chain (Ii). (tutorialspoint.com)
Recombinant protein encompassing a sequence within the center region of human HLA DR beta. (antibodies-online.cn)
Locus1
The HLA-D locus-encoded proteins are made up of two noncovalently associates transmembrane glycoproteins with a molecular weight of 33,000 and 29,000 respectively. (microbenotes.com)
Haplotypes1
With this technique we could clearly reveal differences in the DR beta-2 chains of those DR2 haplotypes, Dw2, Dw12 and LD'tb24. (ox.ac.uk)
Lymphocytes2
32-34 kDa) is expressed as alpha/beta heterodimer on majority of MHC I-restricted conventional T cells and thymocytes and as alpha/alpha homodimer on subsets of memory T cells, intraepithelial lymphocytes, NK cells and dendritic cells. (exbio.cz)
Detection of HLA‑DR in Human Blood Lymphocytes by Flow Cytometry. (rndsystems.com)
Three loci, DR, DQ and DP, encode the major expressed products of the human class II region. (thermofisher.com)
Figure B. PE conjugated Mouse anti Human CD11c ( MCA2087PE ) and Amethyst Orange conjugated Mouse anti Human HLA DP DQ DR ( MCA477AMO ). (bio-rad-antibodies.com)
1998) Comparative sequence analysis of the human T cell receptor beta chain in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis and juvenile spondylarthropathies: Evidence for antigenic selection of T cells in the synovium. (scirp.org)
HLA-DR is a heterodimeric cell surface glycoprotein comprised of a 36kDa alpha (heavy) chain and a 28kDa beta (light) chain. (novusbio.com)
A ubiquitously expressed heterodimeric receptor that is specific for both INTERFERON-ALPHA and INTERFERON-BETA . (lookformedical.com)
HLA-DR is a heterodimeric cell surface glycoprotein comprised of a 36 kD α (heavy) chain and a 27 kD β (light) chain. (biolegend.com)
Polypeptide2
The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. (lookformedical.com)
This class of the MHC class I is made up of two chains i.e a transmembrane glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 45,000, which is noncovalently associated with a non-MHC-encoded polypeptide with molecular weight of 12,000 that is known as β2-microglobulin. (microbenotes.com)
Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of material immunoprecipitated from radiolabeled cells by anti-HLA class II monoclonal antibodies has been a useful technique but the patterns observed have varied considerably between laboratories. (ox.ac.uk)
HLA-DQB1*0201 was not associated with development of the disease itself, but was associated with the presence of Ro antibodies (p = 0.01). (ox.ac.uk)
Another gene, possibly HLA-DQB1*02, not linked to DR2 is involved in the subset of patients exhibiting Ro antibodies. (ox.ac.uk)
Binds1
Clone L243 binds a conformational epitope on HLA-DRa which depends on the correct folding of the aß heterodimer. (biolegend.com)
Sequence1
HLA-DQA1 and -DQB1 genotypes were also assigned in 45 of the SLE patients and 74 controls by PCR using sequence specific primers. (ox.ac.uk)
DRB41
HLA-DRB4 belongs to the HLA class II beta chain paralogues. (antibodies-online.cn)
Raji1
The DQ1 alpha and beta allelic products present in LG-2 cells (DQ homozygous) did not show appreciable structural variation when compared with the homologous allelic products present in Raji cells (DQ heterozygous). (silverchair.com)
Genetic2
Humoral and cellular studies are conducted first to detect a trigger that will induce beta cell autoimmunity in children at increased genetic risk. (lu.se)
Non-HLA genetic factors also influence sus- followed HIV-infected persons. (cdc.gov)
Receptors2
2004) T cell receptors recognizing type II collagen in HLA-DR-transgenic mice characterized by highly restricted V beta usage. (scirp.org)
alpha- and beta-interferon crossreact with common receptors, while gamma-interferon initiates its biological effects through its own specific receptor system. (lookformedical.com)
Molecular3
However, the molecular mechanisms responsible for recruiting/sorting the alpha chains to the signaling chains at the cell surface are not clear. (unideb.hu)
The smaller chain, called β-2 microglobulin, has a molecular weight of 12 kDa in both species, and is encoded by a nonpolymorphic gene that is mapped outside of the MHC complex. (microbenotes.com)
The molecular weight of the α chain is 32-34 kDa, and of the β chain 29-32 kDa. (microbenotes.com)
Alpha chains2
We found that heterogeneity due to post synthetic modification of beta and alpha chains of DR and DQ can be avoided by labeling cells for 30 min with 35S-methionine. (ox.ac.uk)
A mixture of ampholytes pH range 3.5-10:5-7 of 1:4 run for 3000 V/h gave the best resolution of beta and alpha chains. (ox.ac.uk)
Localization2
Assembly of CD8 alpha-beta but not alpha-alpha dimers is connected with formation or localization to the lipid rafts. (exbio.cz)
Pang DJ, Hayday AC, Bijlmakers MJ: CD8 Raft localization is induced by its assembly into CD8alpha beta heterodimers, not CD8alpha alpha homodimers. (exbio.cz)
In addition to the beta and gamma(c) chains constitutively expressed in detergent-resistant membrane fractions (DRMs) of T cells, IL-2Ralpha (CD25) was also found in DRMs, independently of its ligand-occupation. (unideb.hu)
Cytoplasmic tail2
The heavy chain consists of 2 peptide-binding domains, an immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domain, and a transmembrane region with a cytoplasmic tail. (msdmanuals.com)
each chain has a peptide-binding domain, an Ig-like domain, and a transmembrane region with a cytoplasmic tail. (msdmanuals.com)
Proteins1
The HLA complex helps the immune system distinguish the body's own proteins from proteins made by foreign invaders such as viruses and bacteria. (medlineplus.gov)
Autoimmune1
Major observations suggest that the association between HLA and autoimmune (type 1) diabetes is secondary to the first appearing autoantibody be it against insulin in children with HLA DR4-DQ8 or GAD65 in children with HLA DR3-DQ2. (lu.se)
Gamma5
FcγRs mediate this interaction, and in the absence of the gamma chain, there is altered intracellular trafficking and attenuation of pro-inflammatory NF-κB signaling. (biomedcentral.com)
Alpha, beta, and delta crystallins occur in avian and reptilian lenses, while alpha, beta, and gamma crystallins occur in all other lenses. (lookformedical.com)
Gamma-crystallins are similar in structure to BETA-CRYSTALLINS in that they both form into a Greek key-like structure. (lookformedical.com)
In addition, the signaling beta and gamma chains are shared by other cytokines (e.g. (unideb.hu)
These data indicate a GPI-microdomain (raft)-assisted recruitment of CD25 to the vicinity of the signaling beta and gamma(c) chains. (unideb.hu)