AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment
GranulomaGranuloma, Foreign-BodyGranuloma, PyogenicEosinophilic GranulomaGranuloma, Respiratory TractGranuloma AnnulareGranuloma, Giant CellGranuloma InguinalePeriapical GranulomaGranuloma, LaryngealLiver Diseases, ParasiticSchistosomiasis mansoniTuberculomaSchistosoma mansoniSarcoidosisMycobacterium marinumSarcoidosis, PulmonaryLung Diseases, ParasiticSchistosomiasisGranuloma, Plasma CellPlasma Cell Granuloma, PulmonaryEpithelioid CellsGranuloma, Lethal MidlineGingival DiseasesLung DiseasesMycobacterium bovisOvumForeign-Body ReactionMycobacterium tuberculosisTuberculosis, HepaticMycobacterium InfectionsLungAntigens, HelminthCord FactorsMice, Inbred CBACalymmatobacteriumSkin DiseasesTuberculosisSchistosomaFacial DermatosesLiver DiseasesNeurocysticercosisMacrophagesTuberculosis, PulmonaryMycobacterium aviumSchistosomiasis japonicaPetrous BoneTuberculosis, Lymph NodeMycobacterium Infections, NontuberculousMice, Inbred C57BLBiopsyLiverSchistosoma japonicumTuberculosis, CutaneousSplenic DiseasesInterferon-gammaLip Diseases
LarynxLaryngoscopyParalysisPolypsBenignLesionsTumorsHoarsenessContact granulomaChevalier JacksonSurgicalBilateralDysphoniaEdemaTracheal intubationIntubation durationBiopsyVideostroboscopyAirwayDiagnosisPatientsPulmonaryAdductorSurgerySevereNecrosisSignificantlyPediatricInflammationDiagnosesTreatmentMusclesEtiologyBilaterallyInjuryStridorPosterior
Larynx8
  • Intubation granuloma is a benign growth of granulation tissue in the larynx or trachea, which arises from tissue trauma due to endotracheal intubation. (wikipedia.org)
  • However, prolonged endotracheal intubation, the use of inappropriate intubation equipment, or improper airway manipulation by the medical team may directly lead to mechanical trauma, resulting in laryngeal granuloma formation in the subglottis of the larynx. (wikipedia.org)
  • Granulomas of the larynx can be classified into 2 general groups: specific granulomas and nonspecific granulomas. (medscape.com)
  • Overview of Laryngeal Disorders The larynx contains the vocal cords and serves as the opening to the tracheobronchial tree. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Laryngeal dystonia (LD) is a muscle-contraction disorder of the larynx and laryngeal musculature. (medscape.com)
  • Laser Laryngeal Surgery utilizes the specialized laser beam of 585nm and digital laryngoscope to treatment the ailment of larynx. (eastamedical.com)
  • When foreign bodies like small fish bones, thin chicken bones, dentures, shells, some metal objects, and small organisms while drinking water from natural bodies get retained in the larynx due to its large size or rough surface arises a condition known as Laryngeal foreign body (FB). (goudaent.in)
  • Tumors, granulomas, or foreign bodies at the level of the larynx can lead to obstruction, and dyspnea can occur even when there is a functional problem such as laryngeal paralysis. (e-jvc.org)
Laryngoscopy3
  • Diagnosis of intubation granulomas are achieved through identifying proliferating tissues in the vocal folds via laryngoscopy. (wikipedia.org)
  • Diagnosis of laryngeal contact ulcers is by laryngoscopy. (msdmanuals.com)
  • [ 1 ] Investigations of choice in laryngeal dystonia are fiberoptic laryngoscopy and laryngeal videostroboscopy. (medscape.com)
Paralysis4
  • Laryngeal electromyography findings in idiopathic congenital bilateral vocal cord paralysis. (jamanetwork.com)
  • The most frequent types of laryngeal injury are vocal cord paralysis and hematoma or granuloma of the vocal cords. (silverchair.com)
  • Bilateral laryngeal paralysis, (11,12) neuromuscular dysfunction in case of tetanus, motor neuron disease, traumatic brain injury and/ or neck injury may compromise breathing that may require mechanical ventilation. (annalsofafricansurgery.com)
  • Differential diagnoses for laryngeal disease were made as follows: polyps (nasopharyngeal), acute laryngitis or obstructive laryngitis, laryngeal trauma, foreign body, and neoplasia as major structural abnormalities and laryngeal paralysis in neuromuscular disease or paraneoplastic syndrome as a functional abnormality. (e-jvc.org)
Polyps3
  • However, since granulomas and other vocal cord polyps may take weeks or months to develop, intubation granulomas may sometimes be clinically evident only when the aforementioned symptoms persist for, or reappear after a longer period of time post-extubation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Vocal Cord Polyps, Nodules, and Granulomas Acute trauma or chronic irritation causes changes in the vocal cords that can lead to polyps, nodules, or granulomas. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Office pulsed dye laser treatment for benign laryngeal vascular polyps: a preliminary study. (jamanetwork.com)
Benign3
  • Kraimer KL, Husain I. Updated Medical and Surgical Treatment for Common Benign Laryngeal Lesions. (rush.edu)
  • Contact granulomas are benign lesions usually located on the posterior third of the vocal fold, which corresponds to the vocal process of the arytenoid cartilage. (medscape.com)
  • Nonspecific granulomas are benign and are unilaterally or bilaterally located on the vocal processes of the vocal folds. (medscape.com)
Lesions2
  • These lesions often are similar in appearance to those found in patients after intubation (intubation granulomas) and in patients with gastroesophageal reflux. (medscape.com)
  • Multi-institutional experience with the in-office potassium titanyl phosphate laser for laryngeal lesions. (jamanetwork.com)
Tumors1
  • These primary growths include primary papillomata and fibromata as the most frequent, aberrant thyroid, lipomata, adenomata, granulomata and amyloid tumors. (wordnik.com)
Hoarseness5
  • Persistent sore throat, hoarseness, and vocal fatigue following intubation procedures are common symptoms of intubation granuloma, and patients may report mild discomfort associated with the sensation of a rough foreign body lodged in the back of the throat. (wikipedia.org)
  • Symptoms of laryngeal contact ulcers include varying degrees of hoarseness, globus sensation, and mild pain with phonation and swallowing. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Other synonyms of historical significance for laryngeal dystonia have included spastic aphonia, spastic dysphonia, phonic laryngeal spasm, coordinated laryngeal spasm, mogiphonia, laryngeal stuttering, and nervous hoarseness. (medscape.com)
  • As we could not determine with certainty whether all these patients had hoarseness among the other laryngeal symptoms, these were excluded. (fliphtml5.com)
  • The quality of tracheal intubation contributes to laryngeal morbidity, and excellent conditions are less frequently associated with postoperative hoarseness and vocal cord sequelae. (silverchair.com)
Contact granuloma2
Chevalier Jackson1
  • The first successful tracheostomy was performed by Antonio Moussa Brasavola for a patient who was suffering from a laryngeal abscess (2,3).Chevalier Jackson revised and refined indications and techniques of the procedure as known today and tracheostomy has become a commonly performed procedure (3). (annalsofafricansurgery.com)
Surgical6
  • Primary treatment for intubation granulomas tends to involve surgical excision of the granuloma. (wikipedia.org)
  • The precise surgical approach for removal or biopsy of the granuloma is controversial. (medscape.com)
  • Laryngeal granulomas remain notorious for their tendency to recur after surgical removal. (entandaudiologynews.com)
  • [ 1 ] Although laryngeal dystonias have no known cure, various pharmacological, surgical, and physiotherapeutic options may be used for treatment. (medscape.com)
  • The high tech Pulse Dye Laryngeal (PDL) surgery process is highly selective and acts over the target tissues leaving the surrounding tissues unharmed throughout the overall surgical procedure. (eastamedical.com)
  • Occasionally, specific surgical treatments are warranted for life- or organ-threatening disease, such as neurosurgical procedures to relieve granuloma-induced spinal cord compression or hydrocephalus. (medscape.com)
Bilateral2
  • Laryngeal contact ulcers are unilateral or bilateral erosions of the mucous membrane over the vocal process of the arytenoid cartilage. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Finally, cardiac and neurological manifestations which can be the initial manifestation of sarcoidosis, as can be bilateral parotitis, nasosinusal or laryngeal signs, hypercalcemia and renal dysfunction, affect less than 10% of patients. (nih.gov)
Dysphonia4
  • However, the term spasmodic dysphonia is an inaccurate description of laryngeal dystonia, since no lesion in the pyramidal or extrapyramidal tract has yet been identified to account for the spasticity. (medscape.com)
  • Although Traube is believed to have coined the term "spasmodic dysphonia" in 1871, further extensive studies using electromyography and, subsequently, the use of botulinum toxin to treat laryngeal dystonia in 1986 are credited to Blitzer and his colleagues. (medscape.com)
  • Adductor laryngeal breathing dysphonia (ALBD): In this condition, the voice is normal, but there is an inspiratory stridor, which may persist and complicate swallowing, leading to paroxysmal cough and dysphagia. (medscape.com)
  • By comparison, critically ill patients intubated in ICU generally experience longer intubation resulting in laryngeal injuries that are more prevalent, potentially more severe, frequently overlooked, and often result in voice dysfunction (i.e., dysphonia) and/or swallowing dysfunction (i.e., dysphagia). (slprandr.com)
Edema2
  • Laryngeal movement according to the respiration phase was weakly identified, and the upper respiratory tract was almost obstructed with an extremely narrow lumen due to severe edema. (e-jvc.org)
  • 6. Participant has a history of allergy to any component of the study vaccine or severe allergic reaction to vaccine (including but not limited to anaphylaxis, allergic laryngeal edema, anaphylactic purpura, thrombocytopenic purpura, or localized allergic necrosis (Arthus reaction), severe urticaria, dyspnea, angioneurotic edema, etc. (who.int)
Tracheal intubation1
  • While there is no consensus on the maximal permissible duration of safe endotracheal intubation, the risk of trauma-related laryngeal granuloma formation increases significantly with prolonged durations of tracheal intubation. (wikipedia.org)
Intubation duration3
  • Tracheal and laryngeal trauma leading to an intubation granuloma are caused by traumas during the intubation processes, directly resulting from technical circumstances such as specifications of the breathing tube equipment, method of insertion, and intubation duration. (wikipedia.org)
  • Intubation duration Statistically, patients intubated for more than 48 hours will experience some form of laryngeal injury attributed to intubation, and approximately half of the injuries will result in the development of granulation tissue in the vocal fold. (wikipedia.org)
  • However, there are also studies which have not found statistically significant correlations between prolonged intubation duration with the degree of laryngeal injury, and intubation granuloma cases have also been reported in patients who have been intubated for only a few hours. (wikipedia.org)
Biopsy1
  • Cervical lymph node biopsy showed caseating granulomas with acid-fast bacilli (AFB). (cdc.gov)
Videostroboscopy2
  • Rating Laryngeal Videostroboscopy and Acoustic Recordings: Normal and Pathologic Samples, Second Edition was designed to enhance clinical skills in assessing normal and abnormal vibratory characteristics of the vocal folds. (pluralpublishing.com)
  • Rating Laryngeal Videostroboscopy and Acoustic Recordings is an invaluable resource for the developing clinician who is learning to hone his or her skills of assessment. (pluralpublishing.com)
Airway2
  • In some cases, the patient may even experience dyspnea, or shortness of breath due to airway obstruction by the granuloma. (wikipedia.org)
  • Patients who have sustained craniofacial trauma, laryngeal fracture or mid-face or mandible fracture may require urgent tracheostomy to relieve airway obstruction (7). (annalsofafricansurgery.com)
Diagnosis2
  • Case reports of patients diagnosed and treated for intubation granulomas concur with this observation, as the diagnosis is often made weeks or months after the patient is extubated. (wikipedia.org)
  • Ysunza A, Landeros L, Pamplona MC, Prado H, Arrieta J, Fajardo G. The role of laryngeal electromyography in the diagnosis of vocal fold immobility in children. (jamanetwork.com)
Patients3
  • Other significant risk factors are associated with intubation granuloma formation as well, such as a patient's age, sex, intubation history and pre-existing medical conditions, which indirectly predispose certain patients to intubation-related injuries. (wikipedia.org)
  • The response of botulinum toxin treatment of laryngeal dystonias is typically better in younger patients. (medscape.com)
  • The purposes of this systematic review are to (1) evaluate the nature and severity of laryngeal injury after endotracheal intubation in ICU patients and (2) identify areas of inquiry for mitigation strategies and future intervention. (slprandr.com)
Pulmonary1
  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis is transmitted in the form of droplet nuclei exhaled by individuals affected with laryngeal/pulmonary TB. (gideononline.com)
Adductor1
  • The success rate approaches 85%-90% and is higher in adductor laryngeal dystonia than in abductor laryngeal dystonia. (medscape.com)
Surgery6
  • What is Pulsed Dye Laser Laryngeal Surgery? (eastamedical.com)
  • Such a sophisticated technology of Laser Laryngeal Surgery is introduced to increase the patient safety and optimal outcome. (eastamedical.com)
  • This equipment can perform Laryngeal Surgery without general anesthesia using digital laryngoscope. (eastamedical.com)
  • The laser Laryngeal Surgery in Korea is totally new, high tech laser surgery equipment, which is a Pulsed dye laser Laryngeal Surgery equipment, and it only requires partial anesthesia. (eastamedical.com)
  • The 585nm Pulsed Dye Laser Surgery guides the Pulsed Dye Laser (PDL) with optical fiber and connects it through the digital electric laryngoscope channel so it does not harm laryngeal and surrounding tissue. (eastamedical.com)
  • Laryngeal injuries from intubation during surgery are believed to be confined to minor injuries. (slprandr.com)
Severe2
  • Severe intubation granulomas cause pharyngitis and pain upon pressed phonation, coughing or throat clearing. (wikipedia.org)
  • Laryngeal dystonia is characterized by the severe impairment of connected speech without associated problems with singing, humming, or laughing or related activities such as yawning, yelling, or sneezing. (medscape.com)
Necrosis1
  • The infected granuloma undergoes necrosis, promoting bacterial growth and transmission to the next host [5]. (gideononline.com)
Significantly1
  • Laryngeal dystonia is significantly more common in female than in males, and its peak age of onset is 35-45 years. (medscape.com)
Pediatric1
  • Intraoperative pediatric laryngeal electromyography: experience and caveats with monopolar electrodes. (jamanetwork.com)
Inflammation1
  • 8 Department of Neurology, Service Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myéline et Neuro-Inflammation, Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, Lyon University Hospital, F-69677 Bron, France. (nih.gov)
Diagnoses1
  • Diagnoses were made of TB lymphadenitis and presumed laryngeal TB. (cdc.gov)
Treatment2
  • For extreme cases of refractory granulomas, in which the aforementioned treatment methods all prove ineffective, botulinum toxin injections and oral zinc sulfate treatments are administered. (wikipedia.org)
  • Microtrapdoor Flap Technique for Treatment of Glottic Laryngeal Stenosis: Experience With 34 Cases. (hacettepe.edu.tr)
Muscles1
  • Hirano M, Ohala J. Use of hooked-wire electrodes for electromyography of the intrinsic laryngeal muscles. (jamanetwork.com)
Etiology1
  • Sarcoidosis is a multi-system disease of unknown etiology characterized by the formation of granulomas in various organs. (nih.gov)
Bilaterally1
  • Contact granulomas may occur unilaterally or bilaterally. (medscape.com)
Injury2
  • Several risk factors leading to laryngeal injury have been identified in the past. (silverchair.com)
  • Complications include pneumothorax especially in children, (17) hemorrhage, damage to the trachea or due to an injury to the paratracheal structures, particularly the carotid artery and recurrent laryngeal nerve and esophagus as well as anesthesia related complications (18). (annalsofafricansurgery.com)
Stridor1
  • Denoyelle F, Garabedian EN, Roger G, Tashjian G. Laryngeal dyskinesia as a cause of stridor in infants. (jamanetwork.com)
Posterior1
  • Posterior cricoarytenoid (PCA) muscle laryngeal electromyography (LEMG) grades 4, 3, and 2 in relation to the respiratory cycle and amplitude of motor unit potential. (jamanetwork.com)