Genes immunoglobulin light chain. Medical search. Frequent questions

Cows, specifically Bos taurus, show a variation on the general mammalian theme in which the heavy chain CDR H3 region has adapted to produce a divergent repertoire of antibodies which present a "stalk and knob" antigen interaction surface instead of the more familiar bivalent tip surface. (wikipedia.org)
The resulting antibodies are designated IgW (also called IgX or IgNARC) and IgNAR (immunoglobulin new antigen receptor). (wikipedia.org)
The latter type is a heavy-chain antibody, an antibody lacking light chains, and can be used to produce single-domain antibodies, which are essentially the variable domain (VNAR) of an IgNAR. (wikipedia.org)
Antibodies are glycoproteins belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily . (wikipedia.org)
The Id is detectable on anti-dsDNA antibodies, though it must also be present on other immunoglobulins whose specificities remain unknown. (bmj.com)
Another way of distinguishing antibodies serologically involves an analysis of their idiotypes that may be thought of as phenotypic markers of the variable region genes used to encode the antigen binding (Fab) region of immunoglobulin molecules. (bmj.com)
Using PCR, researchers then amplify the heavy and light chain genes from antibodies of interest, clone them into expression vectors, and sequence them. (the-scientist.com)
But rather than cloning the antibody heavy- and light-chain genes from each cell, as in a typical expression cloning set-up, Connors's group distributed the isolated cells in 384-well plates, where they cultured them in the presence of feeder cells and signaling molecules that help to keep the B cells alive and also stimulate them to secrete antibodies. (the-scientist.com)
Antibodies (also known as immunoglobulins [1] ) are proteins that are found in blood or other bodily fluids of vertebrates , and are used by the immune system to identify and neutralize foreign objects, such as bacteria and viruses . (wikidoc.org)
each antibody has two large heavy chains H and two small light chains L . Antibodies are produced by a kind of white blood cell called a B cell . (wikidoc.org)
There are several different types of antibody heavy chain, and several different kinds of antibodies, which are grouped into different isotypes based on which heavy chain they possess. (wikidoc.org)
The large and diverse population of antibodies is generated by random combinations of a set of gene segments that encode different antigen binding sites (or paratopes ), followed by random mutations in this area of the antibody gene, which create further diversity. (wikidoc.org)
The approach was applied to five different hybridomas producing human monoclonal antibodies and variable regions for both bold gamma and mu heavy chain and kappa and lambda light chain genes were successfully cloned. (lu.se)
It will also facilitate structural and functional studies of immunoglobulins as well as the rapid construction of chimeric antibodies. (lu.se)
A presumptive fleaborne typhus case includes detection of R. typhi immunoglobulin (Ig) G antibodies at titers ≥1:128 or IgM titers ≥1:256 by indirect immunofluorescence antibody assay obtained from specimens collected within 60 days of illness onset. (cdc.gov)

Pre-B lymphocytes can synthesize heavy chain in the absence of light chain, which then can allow the heavy chain to bind to a heavy-chain binding protein. (wikipedia.org)

Genotyping of fluid demonstrated clonal rearrangement of immunoglobulin heavy and kappa light chain genes in both cases. (utmb.edu)

Hatton, KS & Schildkraut, CL 1990, ' The mouse immunoglobulin kappa light-chain genes are located in early- and late-replicating regions of chromosome 6 ', Molecular and cellular biology , vol. 10, no. 8, pp. 4314-4323. (elsevierpure.com)

If the heavy chain is able to bind to a surrogate light chain and move to the plasma membrane, then the developing B cell can begin producing its light chain. (wikipedia.org)
Subsequent differentiation allows for rear- analysis of a set of mouse B lineage cell lines rep- rangements of the Ig light-chain (IgL) genes that replace the resenting defined stages of B cell development us- surrogate light-chain genes on the surface of the B cell [8]. (lu.se)

The immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) is the large polypeptide subunit of an antibody (immunoglobulin). (wikipedia.org)
Some eight years later it was discovered that triplets of the base pairs specified each amino acid in the polypeptide chain of each protein [ 11 , 12 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

PLCA can be caused by mutations in the OSMR or IL31RA gene. (medlineplus.gov)
Mutations in either gene are likely involved in lichen and macular amyloidosis, which are thought to be related conditions that arise through similar disease mechanisms. (medlineplus.gov)
OSMR gene mutations reduce signaling stimulated by OSM and IL-31, while IL31RA gene mutations impair only IL-31 signaling. (medlineplus.gov)
The role of gene mutations in this process is still being determined. (medlineplus.gov)
Recurrent mutations of MAPK pathway genes in multiple myeloma but not in amyloid light-chain amyloidosis. (cdc.gov)
Cause is unknown, although certain gene mutations have been associated with the disorder. (merckmanuals.com)
2423}. Whole-genome sequencing has ing has shown that more than half of all shown that more than half of all cases cases of MDS-MLD carry mutations in of MDS-MLD carry mutations in genes genes that are also mutated in MDS with that are also mutated in MDS with excess excess blasts and acute myeloid leukae- blasts and acute myeloid leukaemia. (who.int)

In AL amyloidosis, plasma cell dyscrasias produce kappa or lambda monoclonal light chains as an intact molecule or fragment, though the lambda isotope occurs in approximately 75%-80% of cases. (medscape.com)

As leukemic Slp65-deficient pre-B cells express the recombination activating genes (Rag)1 and Rag2, and manifest ongoing immunoglobulin (Ig) light-chain rearrangement, it has been hypothesized that deregulated recombinase activity contributes to malignant transformation. (eur.nl)

In the B-cell lines, a transition from replication at the beginning of S for the transcribed Cκ and Vκ genes and surrounding DNA sequences to later replication for the other Vκ families was observed. (elsevierpure.com)
Idiotypes may represent amino acid sequences located on light or heavy chains alone or in combination. (bmj.com)

In nodular amyloidosis, the amyloids are composed of abnormal versions of proteins called immunoglobulin light chains released from certain blood cells called plasma cells. (medlineplus.gov)
Clarifying immunoglobulin gene usage in systemic and localized immunoglobulin light-chain amyloidosis by mass spectrometry. (cdc.gov)
Genomic profiling in amyloid light-chain amyloidosis reveals mutation profiles associated with overall survival. (cdc.gov)
Left ventricular assessment in patients with systemic light chain amyloidosis: a 3-dimensional speckle tracking transthoracic echocardiographic study. (cdc.gov)
Light chain amyloidosis is a lethal disease where vital organs are damaged by the fibrillar aggregation of monoclonal light chains. (bvsalud.org)
There is a rare hereditary form of beta-2-microglobulin amyloidosis due to a mutation to the relevant gene. (msdmanuals.com)
Localized forms of amyloidosis appear to be caused by local production and deposition of an amyloidogenic protein (most often immunoglobulin light chains) within the affected organ rather than by deposition of circulating proteins. (msdmanuals.com)
The most common forms of cardiac amyloidosis are immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis (AL-CM) and transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR-CM) . (medscape.com)

His Gene rearrangement, Immunoglobulin superfamily, Genome, Transposable element and Xenopus study are his primary interests in Genetics. (research.com)

In 1990, Burke et al ( 3 ), first reported the association between EBV and gastric carcinoma with characteristic lymphoepithelioma-like histology based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques. (spandidos-publications.com)
We describe a general approach to rapidly obtain the DNA sequence encoding the variable region of any immunoglobulin chain using the polymerase chain reaction and a mixture of upstream primers corresponding to the leader sequence, and one downstream primer designed from the conserved nucleotide sequence of the constant region. (lu.se)

λ6a is an immunoglobulin light chain encoded by the germ-line gene segment implicated in this disease. (bvsalud.org)

When caused by an OSMR gene mutation, the condition is classified as type 1, while an IL31RA gene mutation causes type 2. (medlineplus.gov)
X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA), also known as Bruton agammaglobulinemia, results from a mutation of the BTK gene, which encodes the pre-B-cell receptor (Pre-BCR) and BCR. (medscape.com)
A new mouse cardiac electrophysiology method was used to study mice harboring an alpha-myosin heavy chain Arg403Gln missense mutation (alpha-MHC403/+), which results in histological and hemodynamic abnormalities characteristic of familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (FHC) and sudden death of uncertain etiology during exercise. (jci.org)
[ 1 ] As this gene is carried on the X chromosome, the disease usually manifests in males and is transmitted by females who carry the causative mutation on one of their X chromosomes. (medscape.com)

The chromosomal localization of genes was improved, and Human Genome Variation Society (HGVS) notation was used throughout for translocations, insertions, and other gene alterations. (who.int)

9. Bräuninger A, Goossens T, Rajewsky K, Küppers R. Regulation of immunoglobulin light chain gene rearrangements during early B cell development in the human. (southernbiotech.com)
Ig gene-like molecule CD31 plays a nonredundant role in the regulation of T-cell immunity and tolerance. (uchicago.edu)
Regulation of bacterial virulence gene expression by the host environment. (jci.org)
Furthermore, post-transcriptional gene expression regulation by cellular and/or EBV-derived microRNAs has attracted considerable attention. (spandidos-publications.com)
Furthermore, we discuss recent findings on EBV associated gastric carcinogenesis by focusing on the roles of latent genes, epigenetic abnormalities, genomic alterations, and post-transcriptional regulation by cellular and viral microRNAs (miRNAs). (spandidos-publications.com)

Cytoplasmic kappa light chain restriction, as well as genotypic studies, confirmed the diagnosis of anaplastic plasmacytoma. (utmb.edu)

His Nurse shark research incorporates themes from Somatic hypermutation, J chain, Exon, Sequence analysis and T-cell receptor. (research.com)

However, in contrast to the non-lymphoid cell lines, the replication of this locus occurred predominantly during the first half of S. The κ locus contains both early- and late-replicating genes, and early replication is usually associated with transcriptional activity. (elsevierpure.com)
His works in Acquired immune system, Vertebrate, Gene rearrangement, Locus and Immunoglobulin heavy chain are all subjects of inquiry into Genetics. (research.com)

The review highlights the discovery of oncogenes and suppressor tumor genes, underlining the crucial role of these achievements in cancer diagnosis and therapies. (jcancer.org)

When developing B cells in their bone marrow express this BCR, the V(D)J recombination machinery will be activated, allowing for secondary Ig light-chain gene rearrangements to occur. (eur.nl)
mutated immunoglobulin genes, no immunoglobulin large string rearrangements of VH family members 1 were noticed. (ubatubasat.com)

This class I molecule is a heterodimer consisting of a heavy chain and a light chain (beta-2 microglobulin). (sigmaaldrich.com)
In 1944 it was realized that genetic transformation in bacteria was due to DNA and not protein and that DNA was the molecule responsible for heredity in genes and chromosomes [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)

Similar to the situation observed for bony fish, three distinct Ig heavy chain isotypes have been identified in cartilaginous fish. (wikipedia.org)
With the exception of μ, these Ig heavy chain isotypes appear to be unique to cartilaginous fish. (wikipedia.org)

The OSMR and IL31RA genes provide instructions for making parts (subunits) of the interleukin-31 (IL-31) receptor. (medlineplus.gov)

The murine immunoglobulin kappa (κ) light-chain multigene family includes the constant region (Cκ), joining-region genes, and approximately 30 kappa-variable (Vκ) region families. (elsevierpure.com)
All heavy chains contain a series of immunoglobulin domains, usually with one variable domain (VH) that is important for binding antigen and several constant domains (CH1, CH2, etc. (wikipedia.org)
a variable region that differs between different B cells, but is the same for all immunoglobulins produced by the same B cell or B cell clone. (wikipedia.org)
The variable domain of any heavy chain is composed of a single immunoglobulin domain. (wikipedia.org)
Cold agglutinins commonly have variable heavy-chain regions encoded by VH, with a distinct idiotype identified by the 9G4 rat murine monoclonal antibody. (medscape.com)
Both alpha and beta chains share significant homology to immunoglobulin variable light chains. (wikidoc.org)
7. Klein U, Rajewsky K, Küppers R. Human immunoglobulin (Ig)M + IgD + peripheral blood B cells expressing the CD27 cell surface antigen carry somatically mutated variable region genes: CD27 as a general marker for somatically mutated (memory) B cells. (southernbiotech.com)
The gene segments of the human light and heavy chain germline genes are symbolized V (variable), J (joining) and C (constant). (uchicago.edu)
[2] [5] Antibody genes also re-organize in a process called class switching that changes the base of the heavy chain to another, creating a different isotype of the antibody that retains the antigen specific variable region. (wikidoc.org)

This gene encodes the CD8 alpha chain isoforms. (wikidoc.org)

It has been known for many years that the fundamental transforming event in BL is the translocation of the MYC gene, and the events that bring about this translocation and those that allow cells to survive with the constitutive expression of MYC have been the subject of intense investigation. (bmj.com)
The hallmark of all BL tumours is the translocation between the MYC gene and one of the immunoglobulin (Ig) heavy or light chain loci. (bmj.com)
Moreover, the breakpoint in the Ig gene to which MYC is transferred in eBL occurs at the V(D)J region, suggesting that translocation occurs during V(D)J recombination. (bmj.com)

In human genome, the IgH gene loci are on chromosome 14. (wikipedia.org)
Organization and genomic complexity of sheep immunoglobulin light chain gene loci. (caas.cn)
Susceptibility loci for lupus: a guiding light from murine models? (jci.org)

rarely, it may involve monoclonal immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin A (IgA), or λ light chain restriction. (medscape.com)

Antibody -B cell-produced molecules encoded by genes that re-arrange during B cell development consisting of immunoglobulin heavy and light chains that together form the central component of the B cell receptor (BCR) for antigen. (mhmedical.com)

The terms antibody and immunoglobulin are often used interchangeably, [1] though the term 'antibody' is sometimes reserved for the secreted, soluble form, i.e. excluding B-cell receptors. (wikipedia.org)
Functional anergy in a subpopulation of naive B cells from healthy humans that express autoreactive immunoglobulin receptors. (uchicago.edu)
Immune responses by these cells are based on specific antigen recognition by clonotypic receptors that are products of genes that rearrange during development and throughout the life of the organism. (mhmedical.com)

The use of cell lines does, however, introduce a risk the immunoglobulin (Ig)-secreting plasma cell in the spleen, of obtaining cell line-specific features as a result of the trans- gut, or BM [1, 2]. (lu.se)

The heavy chain germline genes have an additional segment D (diversity). (uchicago.edu)

To reduce the risk of analyzing cell line- pathway can be divided into distinct stages based on the specific features, we used several representative cell lines for recombination status of the Ig genes and on the expression each of four major stages in B cell development: pro-B, pre-B, pattern of surface markers and the presence of intracellular proteins [1- 6]. (lu.se)
Excessive amounts of IgM M-proteins (monoclonal immunoglobulin protein, which may consist of both heavy and light chains or of only one type of chain) can also accumulate in other disorders, causing manifestations similar to macroglobulinemia. (merckmanuals.com)

B cell receptor light chain repertoires show signs of selection with differences between groups of healthy individuals and SLE patients. (uchicago.edu)
Linkage and comparative mapping studies indicate that the transferred chromosome segment contains a number of candidate genes for hypertension, including genes encoding a brain dopamine receptor and a renal epithelial potassium channel. (jci.org)

B lymphocytes, named after their site of origin in the bursa of Fabricius in birds or in the bone marrow in humans, form the basis for humoral immunity by their production of immunoglobulins. (medscape.com)

A more practical and cost-effective strategy would be to use antibody gene therapy which would provide long term sustainable protection through antibody production within the patient. (frontiersin.org)

These findings demonstrate that BP regulatory gene(s) exist within the differential chromosome segment trapped in the SHR-Lx congenic strain and that this region of chromosome 8 plays a major role in the hypertension of SHR vs. BN-Lx rats. (jci.org)

His Acquired immune system research is multidisciplinary, incorporating perspectives in Genome and Immunoglobulin class switching. (research.com)

Detection of surface immunoglobulin on Ig λ chain-secreting hybridoma cells has been demonstrated with R26-46 mAb. (bdbiosciences.com)

In the B-cell lines, the EcoRI segment containing the transcribed gene replicated near the beginning of the S phase. (elsevierpure.com)

Among those that have shown correlation with disease activity and are present on immunoglobulins deposited in the renal lesions of tissue from patients are the 16/6, 2 GN2 3 idiotypes and the 9G4 idiotope (Id). (bmj.com)

Multiple Myeloma Multiple myeloma is a cancer of plasma cells that produce monoclonal immunoglobulin and invade and destroy adjacent bone tissue. (merckmanuals.com)

The sharing of idiotypes by immunoglobulins from different people implies that the genes that encode the idiotypes are also shared. (bmj.com)

The heavy and light immunoglobulin genes are present as gene segments in the germline cells. (uchicago.edu)
The completed genes are created when the segments are shuffled and assembled (B-LYMPHOCYTE GENE REARRANGEMENT) during B-LYMPHOCYTE maturation. (uchicago.edu)

Molecular pathways and mechanisms regulating the recombination of immunoglobulin genes during B-lymphocyte development. (uchicago.edu)
His primary areas of investigation include Genetics, Gene, Major histocompatibility complex, Molecular biology and Nurse shark. (research.com)

5. Qin T, Zhu H*, Wang D, Hao H & Du W. Genomic organization and expression of immunoglobulin genes in the chinese hamster (Cricetulus griseus). (caas.cn)

For each isolated cell, they separately clone the two genes encoding the heavy and light chains that compose an antibody, and that vary in sequence from cell to cell. (the-scientist.com)
The issue with it is that there are a lot of steps for each cell to clone those antibody genes. (the-scientist.com)

Global CpG island hypermethylation, which induces epigenetic silencing of tumor suppressor genes, is also a unique feature of EBVaGC and is considered to be crucial for its carcinogenesis. (spandidos-publications.com)

Therapies for these disorders (eg, intravenous immunoglobulin [IVIG], bone marrow transplantation, gene therapy) are very costly and require highly advanced facilities. (medscape.com)
The latter migrate back to the bone marrow and start producing immunoglobulins. (medscape.com)
Levels of totally free immunoglobulin light chains in serum and percentage of Ki-67 cells in bone marrow biopsies were obtained from routine diagnostic workup of selected patients (sufferers no. 13, 16, 17, 18, 19, 21, 22, 26). (rockinhibitor.com)
Malignant plasma cells in meningeal MM out of 2000 patients with bone marrow produce an immunoglobulin, MM, was reported was by Schluterman et al. (who.int)

After an increase in serum levels of the free chains, the protein deposits in organs, causing significant dysfunction . (medscape.com)

Anatomy6

Organisms4

Diseases13

Chemicals and Drugs38

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment12

Phenomena and Processes26

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science3

Antibodies15

Binding protein1

Rearrangement of immunoglobulin heavy1

Mouse immunoglobulin kappa1

Surrogate light chain2

Polypeptide2

Mutations7

Lambda1

Recombination activ1

Sequences2

Amyloidosis8

Superfamily1

Polymerase chain re2

Germ-line gene1

Mutation4

Localization1

Regulation5

Kappa light1

Somatic1

Locus2

Tumor genes1

Rearrangements2

Molecule2

Isotypes2

Subunits1

Variable9

Encodes1

Translocation3

Loci3

Restriction1

Molecules1

Receptors3

Spleen1

Diversity1

Proteins2

Receptor2

Humans1

Antibody gene1

Chromosome1

Genome1

Hybridoma1

Segment1

Renal1

Myeloma1

Encode1

Segments2

Molecular2

Genomic1

Clone2

Suppressor1

Bone4

Serum1