• Interest in an undergraduate biochemistry course led me to a Ph.D. program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology where I researched transcriptional regulation of type I collagen gene in cells from hypertensive fibrotic animal models. (fdu.edu)
  • This approach has excluded levels of post-transcriptional regulation, associated with a rapid response through the activation of pre-existing mRNAs. (conicet.gov.ar)
  • We have also identified a group of genes either up- or down-regulated at translational levels that participate in pre-mRNA splicing, 3´-processing of the pre-RNA, RNA-mediated post-transcriptional gene silencing, miRNA-mediated repression and mRNA turnover, as well as genes involved in epigenetic and transcriptional regulation. (conicet.gov.ar)
  • Post-transcriptional regulation of the expression of the flowering time gene FT in different light conditions. (slu.se)
  • Transcriptional regulation of aquaporins in accessions of Arabidopsis in response to drought stress. (lu.se)
  • Here, we identify the cis-acting modifications that have reshaped gene expression in response to dehydration stress in three Arabidopsis species. (nih.gov)
  • A genome-wide analysis of blue-light regulation of Arabidopsis transcription factor gene expression during seedling development. (gersteinlab.org)
  • Research conducted by three independent groups and reported in The Plant Cell shows that fundamental developmental processes controlled by the plant hormone auxin are regulated by microRNAs in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Dr. Bonnie Bartel at Rice University in Houston, TX together with Drs. David Bartel and Allison Mallory at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research in Cambridge, MA report experiments using transgenic Arabidopsis plants that produce a version of ARF17 mRNA that resists microRNA-mediated cleavage. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Arabidopsis ago1 mutants lacking the AGO1 protein have numerous severe developmental defects, supporting the notion that regulation by microRNAs is critical for normal plant growth. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Auxin is known to be a major regulator of adventitious root formation and normal Arabidopsis plants form multiple adventitious roots on the hypocotyl (stem just above the root) when treated with auxin but the ago1 mutants do not. (sciencedaily.com)
  • By searching the genomes of woody Poplar trees and leafy Arabidopsis, the scientists identified 94 and 61 genes they suspected belonged to this family in those two species, respectively. (bnl.gov)
  • High-efficiency generation of fertile transplastomic Arabidopsis plants. (mpg.de)
  • For identification and characterization of genes involved in the expressional control of antioxidant enzymes several Arabidopsis mutants with low activation of the 2-Cys peroxiredoxin-A (2CPA) promoter were isolated from a chemically mutagenized reporter gene line, which expresses luciferase under control of the redox-regulated 2CPA promoter. (fu-berlin.de)
  • Thellungiella salsuginea (also known as T. halophila) is a close relative of Arabidopsis that is very tolerant of drought, freezing, and salinity and may be an appropriate model to identify the molecular mechanisms underlying abiotic stress tolerance in plants. (mcmaster.ca)
  • Analysis of gene ontology using the best matched Arabidopsis locus showed that the Thellungiella unigenes represented all biological processes and all cellular components, with the highest number of sequences attributed to the chloroplast and mitochondria. (mcmaster.ca)
  • Diane Burgess and Michael Freeling sampled the genomes of a wide variety of plant species (e.g., rice, banana, cacao, the model plant Arabidopsis , and other flowering plants, both monocots and dicots) and found " numerous conserved non-coding sequences " (CNSs). (evolutionnews.org)
  • Analyses of in vitro protein-protein interaction of ACT7 or ACT2 and AIP1-2 from Arabidopsis thaliana and in vivo analysis of AIP1-2 expression. (slu.se)
  • The role of histone acetylation and its involvement in the regulation of transcription has long been a topic of research in cell and molecular biology labs. (epigenie.com)
  • Plant Molecular Biology 66:221-231. (usda.gov)
  • The study, published in the April 2009 issue of Plant Molecular Biology, also lays a foundation for understanding these genes' evolutionary and structural properties and for a broader exploration of their roles in plant life. (bnl.gov)
  • The Plant Biotechnolog y specialization uses the tools of molecular biology, genetics, and tissue culture to learn how plant cells work and to develop plants with improved traits. (hawaii.edu)
  • Molecular Biology: Advanced Topics in Eukaryotes (Ba3 - BSc in Molecular Biotechnology): this course aims at confronting the student with the fundamental principles of molecular biology in prokaryotes and eukaryotes and zooms in on the structure-function relationship of DNA and chromosomes with regards to replication, transcription, translation and gene regulation. (ugent.be)
  • The course comprises molecular biology of genes, proteins, multicomponent protein complexes, and other biomolecules that provide structure and perform the organism's functions. (lu.se)
  • Because the course includes a major practical part, you will gain experience of molecular biology techniques for the analysis of gene structure and function. (lu.se)
  • Research reported in The Plant Cell shows that microRNAs control the accumulation of transcription factor proteins that regulate the expression of genes in the auxin response pathway. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules are encoded by genes and are themselves templates for the proteins that carry the main metabolic functions in a cell. (sciencedaily.com)
  • There are many AGO1-like proteins in animals and other eukaryotes as well, indicating that the RNA-induced silencing complex is of ancient evolutionary origin, and that microRNA-mediated regulation of gene expression is shared among many eukaryotes. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The DNA that makes up genes contains the instructions to synthesise proteins, but it's wrong to think that, for a given gene, these instructions are always the same for all parts of the organisms . (evolutionnews.org)
  • Genes are segments of DNA that carry the instructions for making proteins, which are the building blocks of life. (proprofs.com)
  • Chromosomes are thread-like structures made up of DNA and proteins that carry genetic information in the form of genes. (proprofs.com)
  • A variety of techniques have been used to examine plant viral genomes, the functions of virus-encoded proteins, plant responses induced by virus infection and plant-virus interactions. (springer.com)
  • This overview considers these technologies and how they have been used to identify novel viral and plant proteins or genes involved in disease and resistance responses, as well as defense signaling. (springer.com)
  • These approaches include analysis of spatial and temporal responses by plants to infection, and techniques that allow the expression of viral genes transiently or transgenically in planta, the expression of plant and foreign genes from virus vectors, the silencing of plants genes, imaging of live, infected cells, and the detection of interactions between viral proteins and plant gene products, both in planta and in various in vitro or in vivo systems. (springer.com)
  • The main aim of our research is to understand the molecular details and physiological roles of the multitude of water channel-like proteins present in plants and animals. (lu.se)
  • Annotation of Selaginella moellendorffii major intrinsic proteins and the evolution of the protein family in terrestrial plants. (lu.se)
  • MicroRNAs are tiny ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecules (~22 nucleotides long) that recently have been found to play important roles in regulating gene expression in eukaryotic organisms, including plants and animals. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Regulation of gene expression occurs at multiple levels within eukaryotic cells, including chromatin-based, transcriptional and post-transcriptional events. (conicet.gov.ar)
  • Throughout the life of a eukaryotic cell, chromosomes undergo drastic conformational rearrangements that play essential roles in almost all nuclear processes, including gene expression, DNA repair and cell division. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • prokaryotic and eukaryotic genome organization, regulation of gene expression, gene mutation and repair, chromosomal aberrations (numerical and structural), transposons. (successcds.net)
  • The following modules form part of the BSc Honours degree in Biotechnology: Molecular Techniques, Plant Physiology, Integrated Plant Metabolism (elective)​, Biostatistics (elective), Scientific and Proposal Writing, Plant Genetics and Crop Improvement and Plant Genomics. (sun.ac.za)
  • Plant Physiology (Ba3 - BSc in Molecular Biotechnology): this course unveils some of the most enthralling mysteries of plant life and shows the uniqueness of plants as a life form. (ugent.be)
  • The laboratory will emphasize plant identification, various aspects of plant ecology and physiology, plant morphology, and plant use by humans. (middlebury.edu)
  • Plant and Cell Physiology 2007, 48 (8):1132-1147. (lu.se)
  • Computational analysis of potential candidate genes involved in the cold stress response of ten Rosaceae members. (ncbs.res.in)
  • Meta-QTL analysis for mining of candidate genes and constitutive gene network development for viral disease resistance in maize (Zea mays L. (researchgate.net)
  • We selected about 300 kinds of candidate genes from about 30,000 kinds of genes in petunias in order to identify the two blue genes of petunias. (suntory.com)
  • Our first plan was to introduce the candidate genes into petunias and observe flower color changes to determine whether they were actually blue genes. (suntory.com)
  • Therefore, to reduce the time required to obtain results, we decided to introduce the candidate genes of blue genes to yeast instead of plants and test their enzymatic activities in yeast. (suntory.com)
  • DNA methylation, histone modifications and higher order chromatin structure play a central role in the regulation of mammalian genome organization. (epigenie.com)
  • This research led me to post-doctoral fellowships predominantly on the extracellular matrix genes methylation, transcription, cloning, and photomedicine at Boston University Medical Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, and NYU Medical Center. (fdu.edu)
  • The 3' regulatory regions have a great diversity of cis -regulatory elements directly involved in polyadenylation, stability, transport and mRNA translation, essential to achieve the desired levels of gene expression. (frontiersin.org)
  • Polyadenylation is essential for the stability of the transcript, preventing the mRNA from being the target of posttranscriptional gene silencing (PTGS) via RNA-dependent RNA polymerase 6 (RDR6) in plants ( Luo and Chen, 2007 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • 2014. Diversity, expression and mRNA targeting abilities of Argonaute-targeting miRNAs among selected vascular plants. . (ncbs.res.in)
  • The complex then cleaves the mRNA into smaller pieces, thereby preventing translation of the protein it encodes, and thus inhibiting or "silencing" gene expression. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The plants showed increased accumulation of ARF17 mRNA and altered levels of mRNAs corresponding to several genes that may be regulated by ARF17. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Dr. Bellini and her colleagues found that the mutant plants over-accumulate ARF17 mRNA within the hypocotyl, pointing to ARF17 as a major regulator of adventitious rooting and microRNA-mediated regulation as a major regulator of ARF17. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The rise of the techniques associated with transcriptomics has led to the use of steady-state levels of mRNA as a criterion to select and study genes with a possible implication in agronomically important characters. (conicet.gov.ar)
  • As binding of miRNAs to a target mRNA may result in an airway inflammatory disease closely correlates with either mRNA degradation or inhibition of protein immune regulation, more and more evidences suggest translation.1 More than 2000 miRNAs have been discovered in humans. (cdc.gov)
  • Extensive Posttranscriptional Regulation of Nuclear Gene Expression by Plastid Retrograde Signals. (mpg.de)
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) is a large family of endogenous, small noncoding RNAs with 20-25 nucleotides that have emerged as key posttranscriptional regulators of gene expression in mammals, bacteria, and plants [ 1 - 4 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • 14. Gowda, S., Wu, F.C., Scholthof, H.B., and Shepherd, R.J. (1989) Gene VI of figwort mosaic virus (caulimovirus group) functions in posttranscriptional expression of genes on the fulllength RNA transcript. (springer.com)
  • My research interests include studies on the biology, epidemiology and management of bacterial diseases of plant especially citrus canker, blackleg of potato and bacterial blight of rice. (edu.pk)
  • In biology class, we got to cover much about the human body and even went on to see what some of the structures within our body and genes look like. (proprofs.com)
  • Plant Biology (Ba2): this is a basic course in plant biology with emphasis on biodiversity and evolution. (ugent.be)
  • BMC Plant Biology 2008, 8 (1):45. (lu.se)
  • Although a small number of 3' regulatory regions have been identified and validated so far, many studies have shown that plant 3' regulatory regions have a higher potential to regulate gene expression in plants compared to widely used 3' regulatory regions, such as NOS and OCS from Agrobacterium tumefaciens and 35S from cauliflower mosaic virus. (frontiersin.org)
  • Many non-coding sequences produce RNA molecules that regulate gene expression by turning them on and off. (evolutionnews.org)
  • Cas9 is a programmable endonuclease routinely used to generate sequence deletions, insertions, and even to regulate gene expression from bacteria to mammals. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • It was especially necessary to solve the first issue of isolation of blue genes earlier than the rivals and apply for the patent of the gene because such genes were patentable. (suntory.com)
  • The additional information generated by whole genome studies goes far beyond that derived by characterizing in isolation more genes and gene products, because analysis of the whole genome allows complete regulatory networks to be identified and characterized. (cdc.gov)
  • Breeding for Sustainability: Utilizing High-Throughput Genomics to Design Plants for a New Green Revolution. (routledge.com)
  • In 2021, our sustainability efforts sent more than 80 percent of waste from the Genomics Platform to either a recycling facility or to an incineration plant that generates electricity. (broadinstitute.org)
  • This work was supported by the DOE-Department of Agriculture joint Plant Feedstock Genomics program and by Brookhaven's Laboratory Directed Research and Development program. (bnl.gov)
  • The differential expression of these genes was confirmed by RT-PCR and they are being analyzed by functional genomics. (conicet.gov.ar)
  • Comparative genomics : understanding regulation of hydrogenases in the nitrogen-fixing Frankia. (slu.se)
  • Chromosomes are thread-like structures made up of DNA molecules that contain the genes. (proprofs.com)
  • In the tapetum, maximal expression of two marker genes for lipid biosynthesis (sad and ear) occurred at a bud length of 2-3 mm, and the corresponding gene products SAD and EAR were detected by Western blotting in 3-4 mm buds, coinciding with the maximal rates of tapetal lipid accumulation. (nih.gov)
  • Many genes are involved in starch biosynthesis and there is limited natural variation with regards to starch metabolism in cassava compare to other crops such as maize. (scialert.net)
  • Inappropriate function of genes that promote or inhibit cell growth or survival can be caused by errors introduced into the genetic code itself or by faulty epigenetic mechanisms deciding which genes can and cannot be expressed. (epigenie.com)
  • I branched to include more genes as targets, and more diseases and pharmaceuticals or everyday actives, to understand the mechanisms of effects. (fdu.edu)
  • The group studies the molecular mechanisms involved in plant tolerance to environmental parameters. (fu-berlin.de)
  • During plant evolution and species diversification, the signalling mechanisms of the heterotrophic and phototrophic compartments were challenged by functional gene translocation and adaptation. (fu-berlin.de)
  • Comparison of today´s plants demonstrate species- and ecotype-specific modifications of the chloroplast-to-nucleus signalling and regulation mechanisms. (fu-berlin.de)
  • The regulation of gene expression in many biological processes involves epigenetic mechanisms. (google.es)
  • There are chapters on the basic molecular mechanisms underpinning epigenetic regulation, discussion of cellular processes that rely on this kind of regulation, and surveys of organisms in which it has been most studied. (google.es)
  • Streptococcal pathogens continue to evade concerted efforts to decipher clear-cut virulence mechanisms, although numerous genes have been implicated in pathogenesis. (cdc.gov)
  • This chromatin remodelling activity is associated with regulation of gene expression in heterochromatin regions of plant and mammal chromosomes and with the cellular response to DNA damage. (imperial.ac.uk)
  • Gene loci on the chromosomes were known. (suntory.com)
  • Our study shows that the direction of effects of most cis-regulatory variants differentiating the response between A. thaliana and the sister species A. lyrata and A. halleri depends on the direction of pre-existing plasticity in gene expression. (nih.gov)
  • A comparison of the rate of cis-acting variant accumulation in each lineage indicates that the selective forces driving adaptive evolution in gene expression favors regulatory changes that magnify the stress response in A. lyrata. (nih.gov)
  • In this review, we discuss the role of 3' regulatory regions in gene expression, and the superior potential that plant 3' regulatory regions have compared to NOS, OCS and 35S 3' regulatory regions. (frontiersin.org)
  • Transcription Factors, Gene Regulatory Networks, and Agronomic Traits. (routledge.com)
  • Nucleus-specific expression in the multinuclear mushroom-forming fungus reveals different nuclear regulatory programs. (broadinstitute.org)
  • mRNAs corresponding to several regulatory genes that mediate auxin responses contain short stretches of sequence that are complementary to microRNAs, and therefore have been considered potential targets of microRNA-mediated regulation. (sciencedaily.com)
  • By extrapolating regulatory characteristics observed for the canonical ABA pathway components, we identified a new family of transcriptional regulators modulating ABA and salt responsiveness, and demonstrate their utility to modulate plant resilience to osmotic stress. (nih.gov)
  • Using enhancer trapping techniques and reporter gene approaches we screen for cis -regulatory elements which are involved in sensing photosynthetically controlled signals. (fu-berlin.de)
  • Their mutagenic potential and gene regulatory effect have shaped the evolution of transcriptional networks involved in development, pluripotency, and inflammation. (lu.se)
  • However, this analysis requires accurate reference genomes to identify the specific genes from which RNA reads originate. (osti.gov)
  • Sample-specific meta-genomic assembled genomes (MAGs) were used as reference genomes to accurately identify the origin of RNA reads, and transcript ratios of genes with opposite transcription responses were compared to eliminate biases related to differences in organismal abundance, an approach hereafter named the "diametric ratio" method. (osti.gov)
  • pl. ectomycorrhizas or ectomycorrhizae, abbreviated EcM) is a form of symbiotic relationship that occurs between a fungal symbiont, or mycobiont, and the roots of various plant species. (wikipedia.org)
  • The fossil record shows that the more common arbuscular mycorrhizas formed long before other types of fungal-plant symbioses. (wikipedia.org)
  • Indeed, FANTOM5's survey of 95 percent of protein-coding genes found near universal coverage by promoters, based on the first few bases of RNA transcripts. (evolutionnews.org)
  • Molecular neuroscience has largely focused on the functions of protein-coding genes, which account for less than 2% of our DNA. (lu.se)
  • Attempts are made in classical breeding via forward genetics to detect the genetic architecture of a trait from its expression (phenotype). (researchgate.net)
  • Auxin influences development by affecting the expression of numerous genes that control the processes of cell division and cell expansion in specific plant tissues at specific stages during the plant life cycle - e.g. for leaves, roots, and floral organs to develop in the correct patterns and correct time sequence. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Interest in signal transduction and hormonal regulation of genes made me adopt an endocrinology course and make it into molecular endocrinology. (fdu.edu)
  • Detailed analysis of three members of the stearoyl-ACP desaturase (sad) gene family by Northern blotting, in situ hybridization and RT-PCR showed that the same individual genes were expressed both in gametophytic and sporophytic tissues, although under different temporal regulation. (nih.gov)
  • Our next step will be to use biochemical and biophysical approaches to characterize these individual genes' functions to find those directly or indirectly related to cell-wall modification. (bnl.gov)
  • Molecular biotechnology has made it possible to explore the potential of plants for different purposes. (frontiersin.org)
  • Because of the interdisciplinary nature of biotechnology, postgraduate students with diverse academic backgrounds, such as plant sciences, biochemistry, microbiology and genetics, are accepted at BSc Honours level. (sun.ac.za)
  • Students can also enrol for master's or doctoral studies in plant biotechnology, during which time they will form an integral part of our research programme. (sun.ac.za)
  • A BSc degree with Genetics 314, 315, 344 and 345 are recommended for admission to the honours degree programme in Plant Biotechnology or equivalent modules in the Biological Science field at SU or other universities. (sun.ac.za)
  • An average final mark of at least 60% is required for the Plant Biotechnology honours degree programme. (sun.ac.za)
  • Students are also expected to complete a project in plant biotechnology independently, under the supervision of an academic staff member, and p resent the results in the form of a research publication. (sun.ac.za)
  • The Plant and Environmental Biotechnology program (PEB) is designed to train undergraduate students for careers in new and growing areas of the life sciences emphasizing the use of biotechnology in agriculture, environmental clean-up and management, industry, teaching, and other professions. (hawaii.edu)
  • Students tailor the major to meet their needs by choosing one of the specializations as their focus of study: environmental and microbial biotechnology, plant biotechnology, insect and pathogen biotechnology, general biotechnology, or aquaculture and bioreactor biotechnology. (hawaii.edu)
  • Next to that, the lab contributes to (research-based) teaching in several life science courses at GUGC, and prepares BA/MA/PhD students for careers in the field of plant science and plant biotechnology, both in academia and industry. (ugent.be)
  • Because the environment encountered within a living host will be quite different from the external environment, pathogens must be able to regulate the necessary genes in coordination as they move from the environment to the host and from one host niche to another. (cdc.gov)
  • Two of these methods, signature-tagged mutagenesis and in vivo expression technology, do not directly measure gene expression and do not allow true genomic-scale analysis, but they have been devised to identify genes necessary for pathogens during real infections. (cdc.gov)
  • A second group of methods, which includes DNA microarrays and proteomics, have advantages that overcome the limitations implicit in signature-tagged mutagenesis and in vivo expression technology, namely, the ability to directly measure expression (gene or protein) levels on a true genome-wide scale, but their application to analysis of bacterial pathogens during real infections is still in its infancy. (cdc.gov)
  • This chapter describe the possibilities of MicroRNAs (miRNAs) in crop plants gene expression regulation in different metabolic pathways. (intechopen.com)
  • Several current researches have shown different environmental stresses induce abnormal expression of miRNA, thus signifying that miRNAs may be an appropriate tool for genetical improvement in plant for stress tolerance. (intechopen.com)
  • These miRNAs mainly control gene expression through translational inhibition. (intechopen.com)
  • All these findings indicate that miRNAs act as a potential tool for genetic engineering and to enhance stress tolerance in crop plants. (intechopen.com)
  • The discovery of miRNAs has revolutionized our comprehension of the regulation of gene expression. (hindawi.com)
  • miRNAs are predicted to control the activity of more than 30% of human genes [ 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • miRNAs are transcribed as ~70 nucleotide stem-loop precursors and subsequently processed by the cytoplasmic RNase-III type enzyme Dicer to generate ~22 nucleotide mature products which can target and modulate gene expression by inhibiting translation and/or inducing degradation of target mRNAs [ 4 , 6 , 7 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • DC demonstrated that miRNAs participate in airway maturation, while downregulation of let-7i significantly inflammatory regulation in asthma. (cdc.gov)
  • One of these targets is the transcription factor AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR17 (ARF17), which is thought to repress the expression of a number of other genes involved in auxin responses. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The rimb -mutants (redox-imbalanced) were compared for gene expression regulation, metabolite patterns and stress responses. (fu-berlin.de)
  • Special attention is given to apetala-2-related transcription factors, which are involved in plant responses to abiotic stresses, such as drought, heat and high light. (fu-berlin.de)
  • This trip is part of a colaboration with Daniel Calderini in a project about responses of wheat to planting density. (helsinki.fi)
  • These results suggest that, although the same genes may be expressed in the sporophytic tapetal cells and in gametophytic tissues, they are regulated differentially leading to the production of the various contrasting lipidic structures that are assembled together to give rise to a viable, fertile pollen grain. (nih.gov)
  • Of particular interest to Liu's group were a number of genes expressed at high levels in the woody plant tissues. (bnl.gov)
  • In fact, some of the genes the scientists found to be expressed at high levels in woody tissues may carry the genetic instructions for making the enzymes the scientists would like to control. (bnl.gov)
  • FANTOM5 extends the third and fourth FANTOM atlases by including 4,721 human and 5,127 mouse genes, focusing on primary cells, cell lines and tissues, but that's not all: "The atlas also detected signals from the promoters of short RNA primary transcripts, and long non-coding RNAs . (evolutionnews.org)
  • Central to this investigation is an understanding of what gene products are required and expressed during a natural infection and how this expression changes over time (from initial colonization to causation of disease and spread of the pathogen to new hosts) and space (in different cells or tissues within the host). (cdc.gov)
  • Monophyletic origin of plastids: plastid, mitochondrial, and nuclear genes are related in the plastid bearing organisms. (elte.hu)
  • High-Throughput Approaches for Characterization and Efficient Use of Plant Genetic Resources. (routledge.com)
  • Guidelines for Sample Normalization to Minimize Batch Variation for Large-Scale Metabolic Profiling of Plant Natural Genetic Variance. (mpg.de)
  • are monocotyledonous plants with high genetic diversity in the Musaceae family that are cultivated mainly in tropical and subtropical countries. (bvsalud.org)
  • Exploding the gene myth : how genetic information is produced and manipulated by scientists, physicians, employers, insurance companies, educators, and law enforcers / Ruth Hubbard and Elijah Wald. (who.int)
  • You will study the structure of DNA and chromatin, and develop an understanding for how the expression of genetic information is regulated. (lu.se)
  • MicroRNAs participate in the regulation of asthma, the goal of this study is to summarize recent researches on the roles of microRNAs in the pathogenesis of asthma. (cdc.gov)
  • MicroRNAs not only participate in determining DCs phenotype and then naive T lymphocyte differentiation, but also participate in the regulation of airway inflammation and airway remodeling in asthma. (cdc.gov)
  • The realization of the vastness of bacterial diversity and the development of novel experimental techniques have propelled molecular microbiology into a new era of investigation This course provides insights into how genes are organized and regulated in bacteria and in their viruses. (lu.se)
  • UPTON, NY - By creating a "family tree" of genes expressed in one form of woody plant and a less woody, herbaceous species, scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory have uncovered clues that may help them engineer plants more amenable to biofuel production. (bnl.gov)
  • The mission of the Laboratory of Plant Growth Analysis is to conduct systematic and comprehensive research towards plant growth and development , with a specific goal to foster crop improvement through integrated and multidisciplinary research on model plant systems. (ugent.be)
  • Among the mandatory parts of the course are: group studies concerning regulation of gene expression, experimental laboratory work, lab reports and students' literature seminars. (lu.se)
  • Molecular genetics of puroindolines and related genes: regulation of expression, membrane binding properties and applications. (usda.gov)
  • Baeg, K., Iwakawa, H. O. & Tomari, Y. The poly(A) tail blocks RDR6 from converting self mRNAs into substrates for gene silencing. (nature.com)
  • Although more and animals and plants and regulate gene/protein expression more progressions have been made about the through direct complementarity between their 5' region pathogenesis of asthma in recent years, the increasing and the 3' untranslated region of target mRNAs. (cdc.gov)
  • An important aim is to bring insight into gene structure, recombination, gene expression and gene regulation, including the differences between pro-and eukaryotes. (ugent.be)
  • Then we could use those genes to engineer new bioenergy crops, and test whether those changes improve the efficiency of converting biomass to biofuel," Liu said. (bnl.gov)
  • Transformed miRNA expression studied in some plant species for better understanding of plant development and stress tolerance such as heavy metal, salinity, temperature, drought and nutrient deficiency. (intechopen.com)
  • Therefore, our study systems often include multiple plant- and insect species that form small interaction networks. (lu.se)
  • In this unique organization, the paired genes (sequences of DNA) produce protein-encoding segments (RNAs) that are complementary to one another - meaning the two RNA strands would stick to each other like highly specific Velcro. (bnl.gov)
  • A wealth of information is now available that furthers our understanding regarding the spatial and temporal regulation of expression of Puroindoline genes and their promoter elements. (usda.gov)
  • Ectomycorrhizas may have evolved with the diversification of plants and the evolution of conifers and angiosperms. (wikipedia.org)
  • During evolution of plants, transcription factos highly diverified. (fu-berlin.de)
  • The course gives an introduction on the anatomy, morphology and taxonomy of plants in the light of evolution and how adaptation strategies have been explored in relation to conquering land. (ugent.be)
  • In these networks, we study plant and insect trait evolution, and the role of trait diversification for gene flow and local adaptation. (lu.se)
  • Gene-Expression Analysis of Cell-Cycle Regulation Genes in Virus-Infected Rice Leaves. (routledge.com)
  • Wood and other biofibers made of plant cell walls are the most abundant feedstocks for biofuel production," explained Liu. (bnl.gov)
  • Our long-term interest is to find the enzymes that control the formation of cell-wall-bound acyl groups, so we can learn how to modify plant cell walls to increase their digestibility," Liu said. (bnl.gov)
  • The interactions between proteases and their inhibitors have been linked to modulation of cell death processes in plants and in certain cut flowers. (scialert.net)
  • The nucleus plays a vital role in cell division, gene expression, and the overall regulation of cellular functions. (proprofs.com)
  • organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis, artificial seed, somaclonal variation, secondary metabolism in plant cell culture, embryo culture, in vitro fertilization. (successcds.net)
  • Topics covered will include cell membrane structure and function, metabolism, cell motility and division, genome structure and replication, the regulation of gene expression and protein production, genotype to phenotype relationship, and basic principles of inheritance. (middlebury.edu)
  • Expression of MusaCesA cellulose synthesis genes peaks earlier in Abaca than in AA or BB accessions during plant development, potentially leading to earlier cellulose accumulation during secondary cell wall formation. (bvsalud.org)
  • The Abaca-specific expressed gene MusaMYB26, which is directly regulated by MusaMYB61, may be an important regulator that promotes precocious expression of secondary cell wall MusaCesAs. (bvsalud.org)
  • High-level expression of the HIV entry inhibitor griffithsin from the plastid genome and retention of biological activity in dried tobacco leaves. (mpg.de)
  • Chloroplast Translation: Structural and Functional Organization, Operational Control, and Regulation. (mpg.de)
  • and ii) plant phytohormone signalling, in order to understand how plants integrate environmental signals to modulate their growth. (sun.ac.za)
  • Different reprogramming propensities in plants and mammals: Are small variations in the core network wirings responsible? (lu.se)
  • We uncovered determinants of dynamic TF binding and defined a hierarchy among TFs to explain differential gene expression and pathway feedback regulation. (nih.gov)
  • In the first series of experiments, we demonstrated that a 24 h cold stimulus modifies chloroplast-to-nucleus ROS signalling still 5 days after the priming stress event, which regulatio of genes responding to the canonical cold signalling pathway was not affected. (fu-berlin.de)
  • Although analyses that give information on the expression of a few genes provide insight and have been responsible for a large proportion of the bacterial pathogenesis literature currently available, our ultimate goal is to understand expression changes across the whole genome. (cdc.gov)
  • 8. Photosynthetic antennae in higher plants. (elte.hu)
  • cDNA-Array experimentes demonstrated that thousands of nuclear encoded genes respond to photosynthetic signals. (fu-berlin.de)
  • Modification of the plant retinoblastoma-related protein (RBR1) by SUMO : structural and functional studies. (slu.se)
  • Structural mechanism of plant aquaporin gating. (lu.se)
  • Identification of Molecular Processes Underlying Abiotic Stress Plants Adaptation Using "Omics" Technologies. (routledge.com)
  • The topics that are dealt with demonstrate how plants work and function, and highlight cellular and biochemical processes needed to complete a plant's life cycle, in function of an ever changing environment. (ugent.be)
  • The course focuses mainly on higher plants and tackles physiological processes from a holistic perspective, i.e. focusing on the interrelationship between all organs of the plant. (ugent.be)
  • EcM plants and fungi exhibit a wide taxonomic distribution across all continents (apart from Antarctica), suggesting that the EcM symbiosis has ancient evolutionary roots. (wikipedia.org)
  • The evolutionary constraints measured on the amino-acid sequence of these genes support this interpretation. (nih.gov)
  • Light-stimulated transcription of genes for two chloroplast polypeptides in isolated pea leaf nuclei. (wikidata.org)
  • Special focus is given to the regulation of the chloroplast antioxidant system, which protects plants against photooxidative damage. (fu-berlin.de)
  • Subsequently, we analyse them and their trans -regulators in vivo and in vitro to study the nuclear transformation of chloroplast signals into gene expression regulation. (fu-berlin.de)
  • Similar measurements of irradiance in narrow bands of the spectrum or spectral irradiance measurements are used to characterize radiation features perceived by plant through photoreceptors. (helsinki.fi)
  • This study is different from most genomic studies, in that it examined gene promoter sites as a measure of function. (evolutionnews.org)
  • Soft kernel texture phenotype results when the Puroindoline a and Puroindoline b genes are present and encode the wild-type puroindolines PINA and PINB, respectively, and various mutant alleles in either or both gene(s) result in hard phenotypes. (usda.gov)
  • The linear sequence of the A, T, C, and G bases in what is called coding DNA determines the particular protein that a short segment of DNA, known as a gene, will encode. (evolutionnews.org)
  • Recent work by the international ENCODE (Encyclopedia of DNA Elements) Project (1, 2) suggested that a large percentage of non-coding DNA, which makes up an estimated 95% of the human genome, has a function in gene regulation. (evolutionnews.org)
  • In sunlight, cryptochromes are required for the perception by plants of blue light and the longer wavelengths within the UV-A band leading to changes in gene expression. (helsinki.fi)
  • Adenovirus DNA : the viral genome and its expression / edited by Walter Doerfler. (who.int)
  • Initially, researchers were mainly focused on miRNA identification, appropriate to specific or multiple environmental condition, expression profiling and recognize their roles in stress tolerance. (intechopen.com)
  • A complex interaction between the cleavage and polyadenylation molecular complex and cis -elements determine the polyadenylation site, which may result in the choice of non-canonical sites, resulting in alternative polyadenylation events, involved in the regulation of more than 80% of the genes expressed in plants. (frontiersin.org)
  • However, we now have a number of methods that allow identification of genes critical for survival in a host as well as methods that allow direct measurement of gene expression during interaction with a host. (cdc.gov)
  • This section will focus on advances made in our understanding of epigenetic gene regulation in insect and plants. (epigenie.com)
  • We investigate the direct effects of polyploidization on phenotypic traits of importance for plant-insect interactions (e.g. floral scent and morphology), using different ploidy-types of the plant Lithophragma bolanderi as model. (lu.se)