AnatomyDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsAnthropology, Education, Sociology and Social PhenomenaHumanitiesInformation ScienceNamed GroupsHealth Care
EpilepsyEpilepsy, GeneralizedEpilepsy, Temporal LobeEpilepsies, MyoclonicAnticonvulsantsEpilepsy, ReflexMyoclonic Epilepsy, JuvenileEpilepsy, Tonic-ClonicEpilepsy, Complex PartialEpilepsy, Frontal LobeElectroencephalographySeizuresEpilepsy, RolandicEpilepsy, Post-TraumaticSclerosisSeizures, FebrileCarbamazepineStatus EpilepticusPilocarpineAnterior Temporal LobectomyPiracetamMyoclonic Epilepsies, ProgressiveMagnetic Resonance ImagingDeath, SuddenValproic AcidNeurosurgical ProceduresMalformations of Cortical DevelopmentHippocampusTemporal LobePsychosurgeryEpilepsy, Benign NeonatalKetogenic DietKindling, NeurologicVagus Nerve StimulationBrainVideo RecordingPhenytoinVigabatrinSpasms, InfantileNeurosurgeryConvulsantsTriazinesEpilepsy, Partial, MotorAge of OnsetIntellectual DisabilityElectrodes, ImplantedCerebral CortexFunctional LateralityNeurocysticercosisNurse CliniciansEthosuximideDentate GyrusKainic AcidChannelopathiesRetrospective StudiesDisease Models, AnimalBrain DiseasesNeurologyPentylenetetrazoleTreatment OutcomeDominance, CerebralAmobarbitalDrug ResistanceBrain MappingMagnetoencephalographySyndromePrimidoneReceptors, GABA-ANeuropsychological TestsWitchcraftNeuronsMossy Fibers, HippocampalTuberous SclerosisNeocortexFollow-Up StudiesFamous Persons
SeizureSyndromesTonic-clonic sChildhoodPeople living with eDischargesType of epilepsyDiagnosisJuvenile absenceInternational League Against EpilepsySymptoms2017SyndromeShowed absence seizuresRefractorySpike-and-PediatricCryptogenicIdiopathic epilepsiesGenetic epilepsiesOnsetTemporal lobe epiCases of epilepsyForm of epilepsyPyknolepsyMedicationsCharacterized by recurrent seizuresEthosuximideCause of epilepsyTypes of epilepsyTreatment of epilepsyAnimal models of absence epilepsySpikesNeuronsMain symptomAntiepilepticMyoclonic epilepsySymptomatic epilepsyDifferent types of seizuresOccurSymptomClinicalDisorderRisk of inheritiOscillationsGeneticsChildrenPetit mal seizures
Seizure52
  • In CAE, there is only one seizure type observed at time of diagnosis: typical absence seizure. (wikipedia.org)
  • Typical absence seizure is a generalized onset seizure characterized by an abrupt arrest of the activity associated with an awareness impairment. (wikipedia.org)
  • A typical absences seizure usually last between 10 and 30 seconds. (wikipedia.org)
  • Mild automatisms could be seen during the course of the absence and stop with the end of the absence seizure. (wikipedia.org)
  • When an EEG is recorded during the typical absence seizure, a 3 Hz spike-and-wave discharges is recorded starting with the start of the arrest of the activity. (wikipedia.org)
  • New research from North Carolina State University pinpoints the areas of the cerebral cortex that are affected in mice with absence epilepsy and shows that transplanting embryonic neural cells into these areas can alleviate symptoms of the disease by reducing seizure activity. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • Absence seizure activity in treated animals decreased dramatically, and the mice gained more weight and survived longer than untreated mice. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • Approximately 82% of cases will become seizure-free with the traditional anti-absence drugs such as succinimides and valproate (Wolf and Inoue 1984). (checkorphan.org)
  • This kind of seizure is the most common type in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy, and is the hallmark of this condition. (kidshealth.org)
  • An absence seizure starts suddenly in the middle of activity and ends abruptly. (kidshealth.org)
  • Seizure outcome after temporal lobectomy for temporal lobe epilepsy: a Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. (medscape.com)
  • Trans-middle temporal gyrus selective amygdalohippocampectomy for medically intractable mesial temporal lobe epilepsy in adults: Seizure response rates, complications, and neuropsychological outcomes. (medscape.com)
  • This is what John Hopkins Medicine has to say: "An absence seizure causes you to blank out or stare into space for a few seconds. (epilepsydisease.com)
  • Let's hear from John Hopkins Medicine again on this: "The easiest way to spot an absence seizure is to look for a blank stare that lasts for a few seconds. (epilepsydisease.com)
  • People in the midst of having an absence seizure don't speak, listen, or appear to understand. (epilepsydisease.com)
  • An absence seizure doesn't typically cause you to fall down. (epilepsydisease.com)
  • The majority of children are either partially or completely unaware of the absence seizure. (doctorstrizhak.com)
  • Absence seizures are just one type of seizure. (medicalhomeportal.org)
  • With an absence seizure, your child may seem to be staring or not paying attention, and they will not respond to you. (medicalhomeportal.org)
  • If you think your child is having seizures, it is a good idea to take a video recording of a suspected absence seizure to show the doctor. (medicalhomeportal.org)
  • good signs that this may happen are an earlier age at onset and absence seizures as the only seizure type (no generalized tonic-clonic seizures). (medicalhomeportal.org)
  • About 10% of children with absence seizures will also have a grand-mal seizure. (medicalhomeportal.org)
  • Children with absence epilepsy don't usually respond to the triad of touch, voice, and eye contact when someone tries to stop the seizure. (medicalhomeportal.org)
  • Lamotrigine is considered second-line therapy for absence seizures but may be helpful when there are other seizure types. (medicalhomeportal.org)
  • In JAE, absence seizures start after age 10 and are the most common seizure type, but they often have a shorter duration and occur less frequently than those seen in CAE. (medicalhomeportal.org)
  • The absence seizures involved in this syndrome are often prolonged, with bilateral limb myoclonus, differentiating it from idiopathic childhood absence seizures, for which seizure duration involves seconds and can be accompanied with only mild jerks of eyes, eyelids, or eyebrows. (medscape.com)
  • Although] levetiracetam is prescribed for a broad spectrum of seizure types, it does not have a specific indication for absence epilepsy," reported the investigators. (neurologyadvisor.com)
  • The investigators stated, "Lack of seizure control requiring continued-dose escalation should prompt early consideration of a therapeutic medication transition from levetiracetam to a first-line absence epilepsy medication. (neurologyadvisor.com)
  • It is also possible for both parents to have epilepsy and for a child to be seizure-free. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • An absence seizure is a generalized onset seizure, which means it begins in both sides of the brain at the same time. (epilepsy.com)
  • These are the most common type of seizure experienced by people with epilepsy. (epilepsy.com)
  • Previously referred to as "refractory epilepsy," some seizures are not controlled with or by seizure medications. (epilepsy.com)
  • Theoretical mechanisms underlying the progression from a seizure occurring only with external induction to a seizure occurring spontaneously (epilepsy) are also discussed. (benthamscience.com)
  • Largescale genomic studies are beginning to reveal that many genes likely contribute to seizure induction and the loss of synaptic plasticity observed in epilepsy. (benthamscience.com)
  • Further research and understanding of fundamental seizure mechanisms will likely lead to the discovery of novel and more effective methods by which to treat and ultimately prevent seizure or epilepsy development. (benthamscience.com)
  • It is important for your child's teachers to know about their epilepsy because they may need to provide care for your child if they have a seizure during school. (childrensmercy.org)
  • To receive an epilepsy diagnosis, a healthcare provider will examine whether your child has more than one seizure that isn't caused by an underlying medical condition. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • You might hear your child's healthcare provider refer to their condition as pediatric epilepsy or seizure disorder. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • During an absence epilepsy seizure, your child won't be able to respond if you talk to them. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • The objectives of this work were to evaluate the existence of psychiatric and cognitive impairments among patients with typical CAE and to correlate their possible relation to seizure frequency, duration of epilepsy, IISL, and valproate therapy. (springeropen.com)
  • For people with epilepsy, doing yoga may help reduce feelings of stigma about the disease along with reducing seizure frequency and anxiety, according to new research. (sciencedaily.com)
  • A person with epilepsy can have more than one type of seizure. (cdc.gov)
  • An absence seizure, also known as a petit mal seizure, is a type of epilepsy characterized by brief, sudden lapses in consciousness. (yalemedicine.org)
  • During an absence seizure, the individual may appear to be staring blankly into space and may not respond to external stimuli. (yalemedicine.org)
  • Absence seizures usually can be controlled with anti-seizure medicines. (yalemedicine.org)
  • A child having an absence seizure may appear to the onlooker as if they are day dreaming or just staring into space. (stason.org)
  • Usual behavioral characteristics of a absence seizure may include: eye blinking, chewing of the mouth, and perhaps a slight rhythmic movement of the facial muscles, head, or arms. (stason.org)
  • Seizure description is the most critical information needed for the diagnosis of canine epilepsies. (akcchf.org)
  • Most of the studies (47 of the 54) focused on asthma or seizure disorders/epilepsy, and their relationship to academic achievement (Table 2). (cdc.gov)
  • Epilepsy/seizure disorders were the focus of 24 studies. (cdc.gov)
  • If you know someone living with epilepsy, you might have to care for them during or after a seizure. (cdc.gov)
  • Subclinical status epilepticus generally refers to seizures occurring in an unresponsive or comatose individual in the absence of overt signs of seizure activity. (bvsalud.org)
Syndromes11
  • Childhood Absence Epilepsy is one of the most common epilepsy syndromes of the childhood. (doctorstrizhak.com)
  • Absence seizures may occur in other epileptic syndromes, such as juvenile absence epilepsy (JAE) and juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME). (medicalhomeportal.org)
  • Epilepsy syndromes that are included in the category of SGE are discussed below. (medscape.com)
  • Specific syndromes of progressive myoclonic epilepsy with key clinical features include Unverricht-Lundborg disease (Baltic myoclonus), myoclonus epilepsy with ragged red fibers (MERRF), neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (Batten disease), and sialidoses (cherry-red spot myoclonus syndrome). (medscape.com)
  • Epilepsy syndromes include symptomatic, cryogenic, and idiopathic epilepsy. (medscape.com)
  • EEG characteristics of these specific electroclinical epilepsy syndromes are discussed in this article. (medscape.com)
  • WASHINGTON, DC - An association between low doses of levetiracetam and higher rates of treatment success in children with absence epilepsy syndromes has been found, according to findings presented at the 2017 American Epilepsy Society Annual Meeting December 1-5, 2017 in Washington, DC. (neurologyadvisor.com)
  • According to 2017 research , there are 84 genes that researchers consider to be epilepsy genes, as they cause either epilepsy or syndromes that feature epilepsy as the main symptom. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • T-WAVE (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03406702 ) is an open-label 15-patient Phase 2a epilepsy clinical trial assessing the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of CX-8998 in adolescents and adults with generalized epileptic syndromes with absence seizures. (businesswire.com)
  • Epilepsy syndromes are classified based on clinical, electrographic, neuroimaging, age-dependent features of onset and the possibility of remission. (bvsalud.org)
  • Here, we review the self-limited epilepsy syndromes and developmental and epileptic encephalopathies that begin in the neonatal-infantile period with an emphasis on genetic etiology and the shifting landscape of treatment options based on genetic findings. (bvsalud.org)
Tonic-clonic s11
  • However, some affected individuals continue to have absence seizures into adulthood, or they may develop generalized tonic-clonic seizures, which cause muscle rigidity, convulsions, and loss of consciousness, or myoclonic seizures, which are characterized by rapid, uncontrolled muscle jerks. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Factors associated with suboptimal control include absences with mild clonic components, more than 10 generalized tonic-clonic seizures, generalized tonic-clonic seizures during sleep and at random, history of absence status, developmental delay, mental retardation, spike-wave bursts of more than 5 seconds, asymmetry of spike-waves, persistance of absences beyond age 25, and persistance of absences for more than 12 years (Wolf and Inoue 1984). (checkorphan.org)
  • They may also have absence seizures and generalized tonic-clonic seizures . (kidshealth.org)
  • Childhood absence epilepsy (CAE) is a form of epilepsy that is characterized by absence seizures and, in 10% of cases, generalized tonic-clonic seizures. (medicalhomeportal.org)
  • If a child with absence seizures also has generalized tonic-clonic seizures, consider valproate instead of ethosuximide. (medicalhomeportal.org)
  • Epilepsy Foundation: "Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy," "Absence Seizures," "Tonic-Clonic Seizures. (webmd.com)
  • A 13-year-old boy with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome characterized by absence, myoclonic, complex-partial, and secondarily generalized tonic-clonic seizures, presents with progressive obtundation and loss of motor and verbal skills over a 2-day period. (researchgate.net)
  • RATIONALE: Phantom absences refer to mild and short-lasting absence seizures, which are usually accompanied by infrequent generalized tonic-clonic seizures and absence status. (bvsalud.org)
  • Herein, we report the case of a young woman with idiopathic generalized epilepsy, phantom absences, absence status, and generalized tonic-clonic seizures. (bvsalud.org)
  • OUTCOMES: The frequency of absence seizures was significantly reduced and there were no generalized tonic-clonic seizures. (bvsalud.org)
  • LESSONS: Idiopathic generalized epilepsy with phantom absences, absence status, and generalized tonic-clonic seizures is an extremely rare condition. (bvsalud.org)
Childhood38
  • Childhood absence epilepsy is a condition characterized by recurrent seizures (epilepsy). (medlineplus.gov)
  • Some affected individuals have febrile seizures before they develop childhood absence epilepsy. (medlineplus.gov)
  • In most people with childhood absence epilepsy, the absence seizures disappear in adolescence. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Childhood absence epilepsy affects 2 to 8 in 100,000 children under age 15 each year. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The genetics of childhood absence epilepsy are complex and not completely understood. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Most genetic changes associated with childhood absence epilepsy are rare, having been found in only a small number of affected individuals. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Several genes associated with childhood absence epilepsy provide instructions for making pieces (subunits) of the GABA A receptor protein. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Problems with another type of ion channel, called a calcium channel, are also associated with childhood absence epilepsy. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Mutations in other genes that do not provide instructions for making ion channels have also been associated with childhood absence epilepsy. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Because childhood absence epilepsy appears to be a complex disease without a single genetic cause, it does not have a straightforward pattern of inheritance. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Childhood absence epilepsy (CAE), formerly known as pyknolepsy, is an idiopathic generalized epilepsy which occurs in otherwise normal children. (wikipedia.org)
  • Diagnosis is made upon history of absence seizures during early childhood and the observation of ~3 Hz spike-and-wave discharges on an EEG. (wikipedia.org)
  • The prevalence of this childhood epilepsy syndrome is 10% or less. (wikipedia.org)
  • Other types of seizures are uncommon in classical childhood absence epilepsy. (doctorstrizhak.com)
  • Childhood Absence Epilepsy comprises 10% to 12% of all childhood epilepsies. (doctorstrizhak.com)
  • Myoclonus (brief muscle contractions) in the rest of the face and body or more complex automatic behavior makes childhood absence epilepsy unlikely. (doctorstrizhak.com)
  • It is a subject of debate if GTCS actually happen in childhood absence epilepsy. (doctorstrizhak.com)
  • Ethosuximide is the drug of choice in childhood absence epilepsy. (doctorstrizhak.com)
  • Childhood Absence Epilepsy, also known as pyknolepsy, is related to juvenile absence epilepsy and epilepsy, idiopathic generalized, and has symptoms including seizures, absence attacks and absence seizures. (silexon.tech)
  • An important gene associated with Childhood Absence Epilepsy is PCDH19 (Protocadherin 19), and among its related pathways/superpathways are CREB Pathway and Sweet Taste Signaling. (silexon.tech)
  • Rinaldi, V. Therapeutic Options for Childhood Absence Epilepsy. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Therapeutic Options for Childhood Absence Epilepsy" Encyclopedia , https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/17389 (accessed December 06, 2023). (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Childhood absence epilepsy (CAE) is a common pediatric generalized epileptic syndrome. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Childhood absence epilepsy (CAE) is a common pediatric generalized epileptic syndrome that affects between 10% to 17% of all school-aged children diagnosed with new onset epilepsy [ 1 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Although CAE is traditionally considered a benign self-limited epilepsy syndrome, data from the multicenter Childhood Absence Epilepsy Study Group have led to the review of this notion [ 15 ] [ 16 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
  • Several medications are available to treat CAE (see Childhood Absence Epilepsy ). (medicalhomeportal.org)
  • CAE accounts for 10-15% of childhood epilepsy and is one of the genetic generalized epilepsies. (medicalhomeportal.org)
  • Given the common use of this drug in clinical practice, we sought to determine the real-world efficacy of levetiracetam for the treatment of childhood absence epilepsies (CAE) and juvenile absence epilepsies (JAE). (neurologyadvisor.com)
  • Nolan DA, Shellhaas R, Lester S, Rau S. Clinical use and efficacy of levetiracetam for childhood and juvenile absence epilepsies. (neurologyadvisor.com)
  • According to the Epilepsy Foundation , it is most common for epilepsy to start in early childhood or older age. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Neuronal networks underlying ictal and subclinical discharges in childhood absence epilepsy. (amedeo.com)
  • The description of childhood absence epilepsy (CAE) a benign self-limited generalized epilepsy has become a matter of debate. (springeropen.com)
  • It is more common in girls than boys and constitutes about 10-15% of childhood-onset epilepsy with an estimated prevalence of 0.4-0.7 per 1000 population [ 2 ]. (springeropen.com)
  • Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) is a type of epilepsy that starts in in childhood or the teen years. (webmd.com)
  • [ 1 ] This disorder has been termed benign childhood epilepsy and is thought to be secondary to central nervous system (CNS) immaturity. (medscape.com)
  • The generalized epilepsies discussed are limited to childhood absence epilepsy, which is also called pyknolepsy, and juvenile absence epilepsy, also known as epilepsy with nonpyknoleptic absences or epilepsy with spanioleptic absences. (medscape.com)
  • The benign partial epilepsies include benign partial epilepsy of childhood with centrotemporal spikes, benign occipital epilepsy, and benign epilepsy with affective symptoms. (medscape.com)
  • Evaluation of Executive Functions in Patients With Childhood Absence Epilepsy. (bvsalud.org)
People living with e1
Discharges7
  • EEG in absence shows generalized, bilaterally synchronous spike-and-wave discharges and photosensitivity. (medscape.com)
  • Metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors are expressed in key regions of the cortex and the thalamus and are known to regulate spike and wave discharges (SWDs), the electroclinical hallmarks of absence seizures. (lincoln.ac.uk)
  • Electroencephalogram demonstrating polyspike and wave discharges seen in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. (medscape.com)
  • Electroencephalogram demonstrating polyspike and wave discharges, which can be seen in idiopathic generalized epilepsy. (medscape.com)
  • Neurons of the reticular thalamus (RT) display oscillatory burst discharges that are believed to be critical for thalamocortical network oscillations related to absence epilepsy. (korea.ac.kr)
  • These results provide strong evidence that Ca V 2.3 channels are critical for oscillatory burst discharges in RT neurons and for the expression of absence epilepsy. (korea.ac.kr)
  • Typical absence is characterized by the pathognomonic interictal 2.5-4 Hz generalized spike-wave discharges (SWD) on EEG which lasts 4-25 s [ 3 ]. (springeropen.com)
Type of epilepsy4
Diagnosis9
  • Only your doctor can provide adequate diagnosis of any signs or symptoms and whether they are indeed Epilepsy juvenile absence symptoms. (checkorphan.org)
  • The diagnosis is made on the basis of typical clinical picture: numerous typical absences with appropriate age of onset. (doctorstrizhak.com)
  • Since a diagnosis of absence epilepsy generally results in 2 years of treatment with an antiseizure medication, it is important to have the correct diagnosis. (medicalhomeportal.org)
  • This article looks at why genetic epilepsy may occur and how genetic testing may help in the diagnosis and treatment of genetic epilepsy. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Epilepsy centers have experts in the diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of epilepsy. (epilepsy.com)
  • MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) and CT (computer tomography) scans are two of the most common types of neuroimaging used in the diagnosis of epilepsy. (epilepsy.com)
  • Flexible thin-film electrodes placed directly on brain tissue show promise for the diagnosis and treatment of epilepsy. (sciencedaily.com)
  • Determination of an appropriate treatment regimen for canine epilepsy depends on an accurate diagnosis of the type and cause of seizures, only after which appropriate therapeutic options can be identified. (akcchf.org)
  • Based on these findings, a diagnosis of idiopathic generalized epilepsy was made. (bvsalud.org)
Juvenile absence8
  • Epilepsy juvenile absence: A rare form of epilepsy that occurs around the time of puberty. (checkorphan.org)
  • The phrase "signs of Epilepsy juvenile absence" should, strictly speaking, refer only to those signs and symptoms of Epilepsy juvenile absence that are not readily apparent to the patient. (checkorphan.org)
  • see symptoms of Epilepsy juvenile absence. (checkorphan.org)
  • The signs and symptom information on this page attempts to provide a list of some possible signs and symptoms of Epilepsy juvenile absence. (checkorphan.org)
  • This medical information about signs and symptoms for Epilepsy juvenile absence has been gathered from various sources, may not be fully accurate, and may not be the full list of Epilepsy juvenile absence signs or Epilepsy juvenile absence symptoms. (checkorphan.org)
  • Furthermore, signs and symptoms of Epilepsy juvenile absence may vary on an individual basis for each patient. (checkorphan.org)
  • Juvenile absence epilepsy was not seperated from other absence epilepsies, and a high variation of results was noted (Bouma et al 1996). (checkorphan.org)
  • The list of treatments mentioned in various sources for Epilepsy juvenile absence includes the following list. (checkorphan.org)
International League Against Epilepsy1
  • this confusing terminology will most likely be corrected in the upcoming International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) classification system. (medscape.com)
Symptoms5
20173
Syndrome9
  • It seems clear that the pathophysiology of absence seizures differs from other epilepsies which may, in part, explain the unique efficacy of ethosuximide in this syndrome. (wikipedia.org)
  • The new classification of the epilepsy syndrome provides mandatory and exclusionary criteria, as well as some points that signs that should be considered as alerts There are evidenced based data for the treatment of CAE. (wikipedia.org)
  • Loss of muscle tone, falls, gradual onset of los of awareness and recovery, as well as absences lasting longer than 20 seconds are the signs of some other epilepsy syndrome. (doctorstrizhak.com)
  • If the child is not responding to the antiseizure medication, refer to a pediatric neurologist to determine if the child has a different epilepsy syndrome and needs changes in treatment. (medicalhomeportal.org)
  • Cryptogenic epilepsy consists of seizures that occur without an identifiable cause in a patient with cognitive impairment or with neurologic deficits (eg, Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS), infantile spasms [see the first image below], and myoclonic astatic epilepsy of Doose. (medscape.com)
  • While some generalized epileptic syndrome patients with absence seizures respond to first line antiepileptic drugs and have a generally good prognosis, a significant proportion fail to achieve adequate control with existing therapeutics or experience intolerable side effects. (businesswire.com)
  • The EEG in children with this epilepsy syndrome is very abnormal, especially as they enter sleep. (epilepsy.com)
  • Some medications may worsen this epilepsy syndrome, including carbamazepine (Tegretol) or oxcarbazepine (Trileptal). (epilepsy.com)
  • While cognitive and behavioral functioning may improve, children who have this epilepsy syndrome for many months or years can be left with permanent intellectual disability. (epilepsy.com)
Showed absence seizures1
  • EEG showed absence seizures of sudden onset with 3 Hz spike-and-waves that also correlated with the clinical absences. (nih.gov)
Refractory2
  • Partial complex seizures are often refractory to antiepileptic medications and may require epilepsy surgery for control. (researchgate.net)
  • One-third of epilepsies are refractory to standard antiseizure medications. (bvsalud.org)
Spike-and-1
Pediatric2
  • Investigators conducted a systematic chart review of pediatric patients who were treated for new-onset absence epilepsies. (neurologyadvisor.com)
  • In this article, the term benign epilepsy is used to refer to a group of pediatric epileptic disorders in which remission and lack of significant neurologic sequelae are expected in the vast majority of patients. (medscape.com)
Cryptogenic1
Idiopathic epilepsies1
  • Most idiopathic epilepsies are generalized, but a few genetic epilepsies are focal. (medscape.com)
Genetic epilepsies2
  • Neurologic examination and imaging in the essential idiopathic, typically genetic, epilepsies are usually normal. (medscape.com)
  • This is typical of primary (ie, idiopathic, genetic) epilepsies. (medscape.com)
Onset8
  • Perhaps most importantly, Blumenfeld said, the recordings of electrical brain signals from this study could help epilepsy specialists prevent seizures in the first place and treat patients before their onset. (crunchtime-records.com)
  • Generalized absence seizures have an abrupt onset with no aura, usually last less than 30 seconds, and have no postictal state. (medscape.com)
  • Absences have abrupt onset and abrupt termination. (doctorstrizhak.com)
  • When the history is suggestive of absence seizures (e.g., a 5-year-old with 10-second spells of inattentiveness that have an abrupt onset and offset), the provider can have the child hyperventilate in clinic by having them blow on a paper towel for 2-3 minutes. (medicalhomeportal.org)
  • If hyperventilation elicits a behavioral arrest lasting about 10 seconds with an abrupt onset and abrupt offset, then the child almost certainly has absence seizures. (medicalhomeportal.org)
  • Seizures can be predicted more than 30 minutes before onset in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy, opening the door to a therapy using electrodes that could be activated to prevent seizures from happening, according to new research. (sciencedaily.com)
  • The various types of epilepsy differ in many aspects, including (1) age of onset, (2) semiology, (3) EEG findings, and (4) outcome. (medscape.com)
  • These epilepsies are presented according to the age of onset, starting from the neonatal period. (medscape.com)
Temporal lobe epi2
Cases of epilepsy1
Form of epilepsy1
Pyknolepsy1
  • The first descriptions of CAE date back to the last century in German medical literature and in 1916 Sauer presented the term pyknolepsy, from the Greek word piknoz (πικνός), meaning "very frequent or grouped", to describe absence seizures with daily recurrences [ 4 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
Medications2
  • [ Glauser: 2010 ] In addition to attention deficit disorder, inattentiveness may be due to ongoing absence seizures or to the side effects of antiseizure medications. (medicalhomeportal.org)
  • Drug and alcohol use are strongly discouraged not only due to the law, but also due to the potential harm it can cause to a child with epilepsy or on antiepileptic medications. (childrensmercy.org)
Characterized by recurrent seizures1
  • Epilepsies are a diverse group of neurological disorders characterized by recurrent seizures. (bvsalud.org)
Ethosuximide3
Cause of epilepsy2
  • Is the underlying cause of epilepsy a major prognostic factor for recurrence? (medscape.com)
  • Zayan is one of the 60% of people where the cause of epilepsy is unknown. (cdc.gov)
Types of epilepsy3
Treatment of epilepsy2
Animal models of absence epilepsy1
  • CHARLOTTESVILLE, Va. & CAMBRIDGE, Mass.--( BUSINESS WIRE )--Cavion, Inc., a clinical stage biotechnology company developing novel therapeutics for neurological diseases, announced today that their first-in-class T-type calcium channel modulator CX-8998 significantly suppressed seizures in two translational animal models of absence epilepsy. (businesswire.com)
Spikes1
  • Spikes and sharp waves are sharp transients that have a strong association with epilepsy. (medscape.com)
Neurons5
  • The pathophysiology of absence seizures has been linked to oscillatory thalamic-cortical potentials, calcium currents, and the interaction of GABAergic neurons. (wikipedia.org)
  • The 'GABAergic' interneurons were recently shown by others to be defective in the mice with absence seizures, and we surmised that these malfunctioning neurons might be part of the problem, especially in the visual and somatosensory cortical areas. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • Most neurons showed sustained decreases in activity during seizures, explaining the decreased brain function and the impaired consciousness seen during absence seizures in both rats and children," Blumenfeld said. (crunchtime-records.com)
  • Cian McCafferty et al, Decreased but diverse activity of cortical and thalamic neurons in consciousness-impairing rodent absence seizures, Nature Communications (2023). (crunchtime-records.com)
  • In co-culture with human cortical neurons and after transplantation (AT) into human brain tissue resected from patients with drug-resistant epilepsy, light-activated channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) expressing hdINs induced postsynaptic currents in human neurons, strongly suggesting functional efferent synapse formation. (lu.se)
Main symptom2
Antiepileptic1
  • Moreover, absence seizures result principally from disruptions in thalamocortical pathways involving T-type calcium channels and antiepileptic drugs effective against absence seizures among other mechanisms, exert their effect principally at these channels [ 13 ] . (encyclopedia.pub)
Myoclonic epilepsy8
Symptomatic epilepsy2
Different types of seizures1
Occur4
  • Children have absence seizures which although brief (~4-20 seconds), they occur frequently, sometimes in the hundreds per day. (wikipedia.org)
  • In CAE, absence seizures start between 4-12 years of age, have a peak occurrence at 6-7 years, and occur many times a day. (medicalhomeportal.org)
  • Genetic epilepsy may also occur due to a combination of genetic and environmental factors. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Slow waves that usually only occur in the brain during sleep are also present during wakefulness in people with epilepsy and may protect against increased brain excitability associated with the condition, finds a new study. (sciencedaily.com)
Symptom2
Clinical3
  • Based on this promising preclinical research, Cavion is conducting T-WAVE, an open-label Phase 2a clinical trial assessing the safety, tolerability and efficacy of CX-8998 in adolescents and adults with absence seizures," said Margaret Lee PhD, Cavion's Senior Vice President, Preclinical and Translational Sciences. (businesswire.com)
  • Since then, basic and clinical researchers in epilepsy have gathered together about every 14 years to assess where epilepsy research has been, what it has accomplished, and where it should go. (nih.gov)
  • Advances in genetic testing technology and improved access to clinical genetic testing, including whole exome sequencing, have facilitated a fundamental shift in gene discovery of monogenetic and polygenetic epilepsy, leading to precision medicine therapy and improved outcomes. (bvsalud.org)
Disorder4
  • Epilepsy is a disorder of the brain. (cdc.gov)
  • Epilepsy is the most common neurological disorder seen in dogs, and has been estimated to affect approximately 0.75% of the canine population 3 . (akcchf.org)
  • Epilepsy is a disorder of the brain that triggers recurrent seizures. (cdc.gov)
  • Epilepsy is a serious neurological disorder characterised by a tendency to have recurrent, spontaneous, seizures. (bvsalud.org)
Risk of inheriti2
Oscillations2
  • Absence seizures are characterized by brief interruptions of conscious experience accompanied by oscillations of activity synchronized across many brain areas. (jneurosci.org)
  • SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Absence seizures are characterized by brief interruptions of consciousness accompanied by abnormal brain oscillations persisting tens of seconds. (jneurosci.org)
Genetics1
Children21
  • Affected children have absence seizures (also known as petit mal seizures), which are brief episodes of impaired consciousness that look like staring spells. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Absence epilepsy primarily affects children. (neurosciencenews.com)
  • In children with absence epilepsy, these highly disruptive episodes are known as absence seizures. (crunchtime-records.com)
  • The team observed that not only do the rats' response to external stimuli mimic those of children with absence epilepsy, but the rats also revealed four different types of neuronal activity during seizures. (crunchtime-records.com)
  • Defining four types of neuronal activity could result in more customized treatment for children with absence epilepsy, selectively targeting a certain type of neuron and causing fewer side effects. (crunchtime-records.com)
  • Having completed this first-of-its-kind study with a rat model, Blumenfeld and his team hope that children whose everyday lives are disrupted by losses of consciousness during absence epilepsy seizures will be able to regain a sense of normalcy and return to the activities they enjoy. (crunchtime-records.com)
  • Absence seizures are most common in children and typically don't cause any long-term problems. (epilepsydisease.com)
  • Children may grow out of absence seizures. (medicalhomeportal.org)
  • While some children with CAE may need a 504 plan (see 504 Plan ), most will not need school services other than observation to make sure that absence seizures are not happening more than usual or affecting learning or self-confidence, and that parents are aware of any developing problems. (medicalhomeportal.org)
  • Families and teachers of children with absence epilepsy almost always note an interruption of the child's activity during the event. (medicalhomeportal.org)
  • The primary care clinician can diagnose and manage most children with absence seizures who are developing typically and have a normal physical exam without neurologic consultation. (medicalhomeportal.org)
  • It is more common for children to develop epilepsy in the first year of life. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • What is epilepsy in children? (hopkinsmedicine.org)
  • Epilepsy in children is a condition that causes seizures. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • While epilepsy causes seizures, not all seizures are the result of epilepsy in children. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • Affecting an estimated 15% of children diagnosed with epilepsy, Rolandic epilepsy seizures happen when falling asleep or waking up. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • How common is epilepsy in children? (clevelandclinic.org)
  • Uncontrolled electrical activity in your child's brain causes epilepsy in children. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • Exclusion criteria comprised of children with atypical absence epilepsy, intellectual disabilities, developmental delay, premorbid psychiatric problems, neuro-metabolic disorders, or those receiving drugs with a negative impact on cognition. (springeropen.com)
  • Similar failings exist in other major therapeutic areas such as treatment of chronic disease in children, including epilepsy and diabetes, and management of terminal diseases. (who.int)
  • In some cases the lack of available medicine is due to the absence of appropriate dosage forms of essential medicines for children. (who.int)
Petit mal seizures1
  • Absence seizures , sometimes called petit mal seizures, can cause rapid blinking or a few seconds of staring into space. (cdc.gov)