HumansBrine Shrimp Lethality AssayMeSHPreclinicalHigh-throughputAntibodiesSignal TransductionVitroCompoundsProteinsInhibitorsAntimicrobialCytotoxicityTumorMiceChemotherapyEvaluationBiologicalMembraneCompoundInduceViabilityMedicinalEspecially for hypoxic cellsVivoResistanceActivityLibrariesFragmentationMinimalMetabolitesConventionalEffectsDiseaseChemistryNSAIDsCellMoleculesAnticancerExtractMethodsCellsTherapyAntipyreticIdentifyCancerDevelopmentTreatmentResults
Humans1
- In vitro toxicity assays are used to determine the potential of a new pharmaceutical, agrochemical, food additive, or other chemical product to be hazardous to humans.In vitro studies, which are performed on cultured bacterial or mammalian cells, can be used as an initial screen to avoid the unnecessary use of animals in determining which candidates should move forward for further safety testing. (holocausto.online)
Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay4
- The same extracts were assessed for their antioxidative potentials with the use of DPPH free radical scavenging assay followed by determination of HRBC membrane stabilization method, Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay (BSLA) and GC-MS analysis. (biomedcentral.com)
- During Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay, all extracts of BG were found to be bioactive and the degree of lethality was found to be concentration dependent. (biomedcentral.com)
- The Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay found extracts to be bioactive suggesting extracts as a promising candidate for plant-derived anti-tumor compounds. (biomedcentral.com)
- The ethanolic extracts of the plant were examined for the presence of bioactive components and their total flavonoid content, with focusing on quercetin detection using thin layer bioautography (TLB) and brine shrimp lethality assay (BSLA) for cytotoxicity. (who.int)
MeSH1
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (ucdenver.edu)
Preclinical6
- The application of High Content Screening for in vitro toxicity testing is a relatively new approach in the preclinical research phase of drug development. (holocausto.online)
- While toxicity test has been traditionally completed in the preclinical phase, in vitro toxicity studies in the early drug discovery stages could significantly reduce failures at a later stage and prevent economic loss. (holocausto.online)
- Traditionally, the in vitro toxicity assays that have been used to identify molecules that carry drug-related DILI risk factors include two-dimensional (2D) cell systems and other standard preclinical model… The principal application of this assay is to rapidly screen test compounds to identify those that induce acute liver cell toxicity. (holocausto.online)
- This cell line and model will facilitate the biological studies and preclinical drug screenings for pediatric ependymomas. (nih.gov)
- Secarna Pharmaceuticals, an IZB-based biopharmaceutical company focusing on the discovery and development of next-generation antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) therapies to address challenging or previously undruggable targets via its LNAplus™ platform, announced the publication of striking new preclinical data demonstrating that bimodal ASOs can enable efficacious long-term antitumor immunity in tumor models compared to current immune checkpoint inhibitors. (izb-online.de)
- Collectively, these data show that IM-T9P1 leads to long-lasting, adaptive antitumor immunity that can be further improved when combined with T cell-targeting immune checkpoint inhibitors and can have efficacy against large, established tumors in preclinical tumor models. (izb-online.de)
High-throughput10
- A small-molecule library enriched for FDA-approved drugs was screened with a high-throughput, ligation-mediated amplification assay with a fluorescent, bead-based detection. (broadinstitute.org)
- As documented in a recent publication in Stem Cell Reports , their MOS can be used as patient avatars for studies involving direct viral infection, immune cell penetration and high-throughput therapeutic drug screening, something that is not obtainable with conventional patient-derived models. (technologynetworks.com)
- Part of the reason for medicinal chemistry's disappearing act may be due to attempts by the pharmaceutical industry itself to move medicinal chemists to the back burner by automating molecular discovery and synthesis through methods such as combinatorial chemistry and high-throughput screening (HTS). (drugdiscoverynews.com)
- As the American Chemical Society 's Mark Lesney glibly wrote back in 2002: "A large enough library with the right high-throughput screening assay promised the ultimate brute-force method for obtaining bioactive compounds without biologists and organic chemists getting in the way. (drugdiscoverynews.com)
- Here, we first used high-throughput screening and had screened one compound candidate, ebastine (a H1-histamine receptor antagonist), for osteosarcoma therapy. (ijbs.com)
- This clinical trial uses a laboratory test called a high throughput sensitivity assay in planning treatment for patients with relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia. (clincosm.com)
- To obtain results from a high throughput drug sensitivity assay within 10 days, procure drug within 14 days and initiate treatment within 21 days. (clincosm.com)
- A patient receives a drug intervention based on the results of a high throughput sensitivity assay. (clincosm.com)
- Patients receive 1 of 160 possible interventions based on high throughput drug sensitivity assay. (clincosm.com)
- Whether treatment was administered in the time frame based on the high throughput drug screen. (clincosm.com)
Antibodies3
- When I was at GSK and also when I was with Shire , one of the things I really had antibodies to was this whole notion of industrializing drug discovery-at the end of the day, that's really what combinatorial chemistry and HTS is or was-because I really believe that drug discovery of new medicines is truly a creative process," he says. (drugdiscoverynews.com)
- In vivo electroporation and non-protein based screening assays to identify antibodies against native protein conformations. (rush.edu)
- Mab-ZAP can be utilized for screening mouse IgG antibodies for internalization and/or their suitability to make potent immunotoxins. (atsbio.com)
Signal Transduction1
- Cytoskeleton, Inc. offers a wide range of kits and products for drug screening, signal transduction and cytoskeletal research. (cytoskeleton.com)
Vitro9
- Células cultivadas in vitro procedentes de tejido neoplásico que se utilizan en el estudio de las capacidades metabólicas y proliferativas de las células tumorales, en el pronóstico de las respuestas clínicas a la quimioterapia, en la detección de nuevos agentes antitumorales y en las investigaciones biológicas básicas. (bvsalud.org)
- Prediction of Chemical Carcinogenicity in Rodents from in Vitro Genetic Toxicity Assays R AYMOND W. TENNANT, BARRY H. MARGOLIN, MICHAEL D. SHELBY, E RROL Z … As an in vivo toxicity endpoint, the acute lung inflammogenicity in a rat instillation model was compared with the in vitro toxicity endpoints comprising cytotoxicity, pro-inflammatory cytokine expression, or haemolytic potential. (holocausto.online)
- In regulatory testing situation these in vitro toxicity assays must be reliable, because from these tests it is only possible to generalize the data to … First Published 1995. (holocausto.online)
- Kroll A(1), Pillukat MH, Hahn D, Schnekenburger J. The in vitro assays covered baseline toxicity in bacteria, oxidative stress, cytotoxicity in mammalian cells and yeast, estrogenicity, and anti-androgenicity. (holocausto.online)
- Considering the ethical issues and the cost of in-vivo animal tests, the pharmaceutical industry now relies more on in-vitro methods for toxicity testing in the drug development phase. (holocausto.online)
- In vitro, chemicals such as drugs and pesticides have different cytotoxicity mechanisms such as destruction of cell membranes, prevention of protein synthesis, irreversible binding to receptors etc. (holocausto.online)
- H … In vitro assays covered baseline toxicity, oxidative stress responses, and estrogenic and antiandrogenic activity. (holocausto.online)
- The positive control induced a high degree of toxicity in all in vitro tests performed, indicating that the toxicity observed in the direct contact assay was due to in situ extraction of toxic components. (holocausto.online)
- In vitro drug metabolism studies, are a screening mechanism to characterize drug metabolites, elucidate their pathways, to help with further in vivo testing. (td2inc.com)
Compounds5
- Successive assays revealed that some compounds were endowed with a promising anti-proliferative effect against HCT116 cells, alone or stimulated by serotonin as a pro-inflammatory factor in order to mimick an inflamed model of cancer cell microenvironment. (amrita.edu)
- The Drug Repurposing Hub is one of the most comprehensive and up-to-date biologically annotated collections of FDA-approved compounds in the world. (broadinstitute.org)
- Studies have found very good relationship between this simple, inexpensive, and bench-top assay and the antitumor potential of the cytotoxic compounds [ 10 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- With an eye to filling those drying pipelines with an endless supply of potentially therapeutic compounds, companies heavily invested in ways to randomly generate tens of thousands of "drug-like" compounds from the chemical building blocks of known drugs (see sidebar, "Leaving Lipinski? (drugdiscoverynews.com)
- The inclusion of other assays and compounds will most likely expand the types of activities that can be reliably detected. (holocausto.online)
Proteins1
- Protein binding assays assesses the degree to which drugs attaches to proteins within the plasma/tissue. (td2inc.com)
Inhibitors1
- Methods of investigating the effectiveness of anticancer cytotoxic drugs and biologic inhibitors. (ucdenver.edu)
Antimicrobial3
- The negative results for cytotoxic and antimicrobial assays indicated possible low cytotoxicity to the extract. (researchgate.net)
- To evaluate the antitumor and antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extract of Garcinia mangostana L. (mangosteen) cultivated in southeastern Brazil.METHODS:Anatomical characterization and histochemical reactions were performed for structural identification and the presence of phytocompounds. (unifesp.br)
- The ethanolic extract of mangosteen obtained in the resin, leaf and fruit showed antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli with a MIC at 0.1 mg/mL.CONCLUSION: In conclusion, we have demonstrated both antimicrobial and antitumor activity of ethanol extract of mangosteen emphasizing its therapeutic potential in infectious diseases and in cancer, such as melanoma. (unifesp.br)
Cytotoxicity2
- This assay has been extensively used for different studies such as for preliminary toxicity screening of plant extracts, detection of fungal toxins, plant extract toxicity, heavy metals, cyanobacteria toxins, pesticides, and cytotoxicity testing of dental materials [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- We conduct cytotoxicity estimation using a panel of cell proliferation and viability tests, which can be sorted into four types by different endpoints: Functional assays: assessment of ATP, ADP, ATP/ADP ratios. (holocausto.online)
Tumor7
- Despite the identification of tumor-specific somatic mutations, most cancer therapy still utilizes nonspecific, cytotoxic drugs. (broadinstitute.org)
- We studied the chemosensitivity of these two MCSP tumor xenografts to anticancer drugs in vivo. (ox.ac.uk)
- Within natural diffusion limit of vascularized tissue, tumor-derived MOS allowed sufficient penetration by therapeutic immune T-cells such as CAR-T, enabling a novel T cell potency assay to assess tumor killing by the engineered T-cells. (technologynetworks.com)
- MOS could be further integrated with deep-learning imaging analysis for rapid drug testing of small and heterogeneous clinical tumor biopsies. (technologynetworks.com)
- The combined downregulation of PD-L1 expression in a single-molecule approach resulted in exceptional antitumor activity in different tumor models. (izb-online.de)
- Treatment with IM-T9P1 resulted in the sustained activation of a specific type of tumor infiltrating cell, dendritic cells 3 (DC3s), which can promote antitumor immunity by supporting T cells with survival signals and enabling them to perform their effector functions. (izb-online.de)
- 2+ in intensity in archival tumor sample (or if not available fresh biopsy sample) involving at least 50 % of the tumor cell population as demonstrated prospectively by a centrally assessed ICH assay. (who.int)
Mice1
- We applied our workflow to quantify cell-cycle effects of three antimitotic cancer drugs over 8 d in HT-1080 fibrosarcoma xenografts in living mice using a data set of 38,000 cells and compared the induced phenotypes. (nature.com)
Chemotherapy2
- The aim is to try to identify drugs that may be effective in killing leukemia cells for those patients who will not be cured with conventional chemotherapy. (clincosm.com)
- A study of new drug comparing with standard chemotherapy treatment (Docetaxel) in previously treated stage 4 lung cancer patients. (who.int)
Evaluation1
- Screening tools for the evaluation of a drug's ability to cross various biological membrane systems in a microplate format. (td2inc.com)
Biological3
- Integrating Molecular Networking and Biological Assays To Target the I" by C B. Naman, Ramandeep Rattan et al. (henryford.com)
- Combining bioassay screening with the cheminformatics strategy of LC-MS/MS molecular networking as a discovery tool expedited the targeted isolation of a natural product possessing both a novel chemical structure and a desired biological activity. (henryford.com)
- To confirm this popular use, ethanol extract from leaves of G. globosa L. was prepared by maceration and analyzed by some phytochemical and biological assays, including cardiovascular activity. (researchgate.net)
Membrane1
- Cytology/Membrane leakage assays: LDH, AK test. (holocausto.online)
Compound3
- In the 25 years from 1981 to 2006, they suggest, only one de-novo compound arising from combinatorial chemistry achieved regulatory approval, that being Bayer 's antitumor compound sorafenib. (drugdiscoverynews.com)
- Mammalian genotoxicity assay reveals if the compound causes abnormalities in chromosome distribution (aneugenity) or chromosome breaks (clastogenity) during cell division. (holocausto.online)
- Methods The literature related to PMS were collected from China Knowledge Network (CNKI), Wanfang database and Weipu database in the past 20 years, the herbal compound prescriptions for the treatment of PMS were screened and a relevant database were established and analyzed by SPSS. (bvsalud.org)
Induce1
- Figure 6: Antimitotic drugs induce different mitotic and interphase phenotypes. (nature.com)
Viability2
- Cell viability assays, colony formation assays, wound healing assays, and Transwell assays demonstrated that ebastine elicited antitumor effects in osteosarcoma cells. (ijbs.com)
- Culture B16-F10 melanoma cells for treatment with mangosteen ethanolic extract to determine cell viability by MTT and genotoxic effect by comet assay. (unifesp.br)
Medicinal1
- On any given day, the media streams are filled with companies announcing their latest biologic achievements in medicine, and given the high profile of these therapeutics in disease areas such as oncology and autoimmunity, it is hardly surprising if some people have forgotten the role of medicinal chemistry in the drug discovery process. (drugdiscoverynews.com)
Especially for hypoxic cells2
Vivo4
- In vivo sensitization was measured using clonogenic assays or regrowth assays.A dose of 100 mg/kg of LY294002, but not 50 mg/kg, consistently eliminated the phosphorylation of Akt. (ox.ac.uk)
- In contrast to results with 2D culture, observed mitotic arrest was relatively low, suggesting involvement of additional mechanisms in their antitumor effect in vivo . (nature.com)
- Analysis of mitosis and antimitotic drug responses in tumors by in vivo microscopy and single-cell pharmacodynamics. (nature.com)
- Single-cell and subcellular pharmacokinetic imaging allows insight into drug action in vivo . (nature.com)
Resistance2
- This low survival may result from the metastasis of cancer cells and arising resistance to drugs. (oncotarget.com)
- These results demonstrate the importance of DCs in overcoming ICI resistance and achieving effective and durable antitumor responses and, in many cases, antitumor immunity. (izb-online.de)
Activity5
- In a continuation of our work probing the anticancer activity of small sulindac libraries, we have prepared and screened a small diversity library of α-methyl substituted sulindac amides in the profen class. (nih.gov)
- Significant activity was also shown against the slower growing MAC 26 tumour for LS 4577 (the soluble pro-drug of LS 4559). (hud.ac.uk)
- NSAIDS are widely used for their anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activity and are among the most widely used drugs worldwide [ 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- An MTT assay was used to determine cell metabolic activity and a TUNEL assay for detecting DNA fragmentation. (holocausto.online)
- We provide experimental evidence demonstrating that ebastine has antitumor activity in osteosarcoma and promotes autophagy by activating the AMPK/ULK1 signaling pathway, which is IPMK dependent. (ijbs.com)
Libraries1
- We hypothesize that screening small-molecule libraries highly enriched for FDA-approved drugs will provide a more rapid path to clinical application. (broadinstitute.org)
Fragmentation1
- The leaf extract induced genotoxicity and apoptosis in B16-F10 cells, since the fragmentation of DNA in the comet assay. (unifesp.br)
Minimal2
- The PI3K inhibitor LY294002 by itself had minimal antitumor effect. (ox.ac.uk)
- Proliferation assays However, in rats just minimal alterations were noted. (holocausto.online)
Metabolites1
- A technique in which electric pulses of intensity in kilovolts per centimeter and of microsecond-to-millisecond duration cause a temporary loss of the semipermeability of CELL MEMBRANES, thus leading to ion leakage, escape of metabolites, and increased uptake by cells of drugs, molecular probes, and DNA. (rush.edu)
Conventional1
- Unfortunately, many classes of oncoproteins (e.g., transcription factors) are not amenable to conventional small-molecule screening. (broadinstitute.org)
Effects4
- Moreover, the algorithm was able to distinguish cytotoxic vs. cytostatic drug effects and drug-resistant clones that will give rise to later relapse. (technologynetworks.com)
- Hepatotoxicity (toxic effects on the liver) and cardiotoxicity (toxic effects on the heart) are the most severe problems encountered in drug development and the major reason for drug withdrawals. (holocausto.online)
- Side effects of concern are infectious diseases, which prompt the need for screening for latent mycobacterial infection before commencing treatment ( 7 ). (cdc.gov)
- However, with an adeq battery of necf expsre blmarkers, prospective studies of en- vironmental effects on pregnancy outcomes might be possible. (cdc.gov)
Disease3
- Dr. Shen and his team continue to refine and improve upon the MOS technology and to spotlight its versatility, not only as a physiological model for screening potential personalized treatments, but for disease studies and a variety of other applications as well," said Ali Khademhosseini, Ph.D., TIBI's Director and CEO. (technologynetworks.com)
- The goal is to use this laboratory assay to best match a drug to a patient's disease. (clincosm.com)
- This assay best matches a drug to the patient's disease. (clincosm.com)
Chemistry1
- The human brain has to intervene much more than just random chance and happenstance, which is really what it's all about when it comes to combinatorial chemistry and random screening. (drugdiscoverynews.com)
NSAIDs2
- Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have a variety of potential indications that include management of pain and inflammation as well as chemoprevention and/or treatment of cancer. (nih.gov)
- Patients can usually be treated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) alone. (msdmanuals.com)
Cell2
- We've screened more than 1,275 cancer cell lines as part of the Cancer Dependency Map (DepMap). (broadinstitute.org)
- Figure 4: Quantitative analysis of drug response to paclitaxel treatment at a single-cell level. (nature.com)
Molecules1
- Discovery pipelines have been horribly inefficient, and if you look at the major pharmas, what they're doing typically is dismantling that industrial framework and moving much more toward either internal-focused discovery with very small discovery units-and that's certainly how GSK's done it-or partnering with academic units or highly creative companies like Ambrx to bring forward those creative molecules as rational drug design from different disciplines converges," he adds. (drugdiscoverynews.com)
Anticancer1
- Microtubule binding drugs are of special interest as they have important roles in the modulation of cellular functions and many of them act as anticancer agents. (rgcb.res.in)
Extract1
- assays indicated possible low cy to to xicity to the extract. (researchgate.net)
Methods1
- antigens, methods, and interpretation criteria for these assays differ from those for IGRAs approved previously by FDA. (cdc.gov)
Cells1
- Extraction and direct contact assays were performed using human epidermal keratinocytes and mouse fibroblasts and mouse epithelial cells. (holocausto.online)
Therapy1
- To develop mAbs to potentially target oncofetal antigens and be repurposed for antibody or antibody drug conjugate (ADC) therapy. (atsbio.com)
Antipyretic1
- Results The relevant literatures contains 184 Chinese medicine prescriptions/proprietary Chinese medicines, 122 flavors of traditional Chinese medicines, and the drug categories were mainly tonic drugs, antipyretic drugs, astringent drugs, and tranquilizers. (bvsalud.org)
Identify2
- We demonstrate that a gene expression-based approach to small-molecule library screening can identify, for rapid clinical testing, candidate drugs that modulate previously intractable targets. (broadinstitute.org)
- Dr. Shen's team was able to create a MOS atlas of human respiratory and digestive tissues from patient autopsies and infect them with SARS-COV-2 viruses, followed by drug screening to identify drugs that block viral infection and replication within those tissues. (technologynetworks.com)
Cancer2
- These findings will assist the development of anti-tumour drugs to treat lung cancer. (oncotarget.com)
- These drugs inhibit immune-suppressive signals and reinstate cancer immunosurveillance. (izb-online.de)
Development1
- Therefore, Src has been considered a target molecule for drug development. (oncotarget.com)
Treatment2
- The levels of the two major cisplatin-DNA adduct types were determined by a recently developed and improved 32P post-labelling assay at various time points after cisplatin treatment. (tno.nl)
- Notably, the tuberculin skin test result was negative at screening before she began the TNF-αA treatment, but was now positive (20 mm), suggesting mycobacterial infection. (cdc.gov)
Results2
- Example of Caco-2 Assay results. (td2inc.com)
- Time from sample procurement to assay results. (clincosm.com)