• During glycosylation, sugars are added to dolichol phosphate in order to build the oligosaccharide chain. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Once the chain is formed, dolichol phosphate transports the oligosaccharide to the protein that needs to be glycosylated and attaches it to a specific site on the protein. (medlineplus.gov)
  • In eukaryotes, the synthesis of the oligosaccharide core is mediated by a lipid carrier called dolichol-phosphate (Dol-P) which is located in the membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER, Fig. 1a ). (biomedcentral.com)
  • Biosynthesis of dolichol is one of the first steps in glycosylation , where dolichol acts as a lipid carrier for the oligosaccharide precursor in the early stages of N-glycosylation of proteins. (cdghub.com)
  • DOLK catalyzes the transfer of phosphate from cytidine triphosphate (CTP) to dolichol following biosynthesis of dolichol, generating dolichol phosphate (Dol-P). Dol-P is a lipid carrier of the oligosaccharide precursor in N-glycosylation and as a donor of glucose and mannose for several glycosylation pathways 1,2,8,12 . (cdghub.com)
  • Dolichol is a lipid that can be found in the membrane of the ER and is important for glycosylation in two ways: it acts a lipid carrier for the 14-sugar oligosaccharide that is transferred onto nascent proteins during N-glycosylation and is a monosaccharide donor of mannose and glucose sugars for N-glycosylation, O- and C-mannosylation and GPI anchor biosynthesis (Figure 1) 8,13 . (cdghub.com)
  • N-linked (asparagine-linked) glycosylation of proteins is mediated by a highly conserved pathway in eukaryotes, in which a lipid (dolichol phosphate)-linked oligosaccharide is assembled at the endoplasmic reticulum membrane prior to the transfer of the oligosaccharide moiety to the target asparagine residues. (unl.edu)
  • In N-glycosylation in both Eukarya and Archaea, N-linked oligosaccharides are assembled on dolichol phosphate prior to transfer of the glycan to the protein target. (duke.edu)
  • Glycosylation of dolichol phosphate in the deletion strain occurred preferentially on that version of the lipid saturated at both the α- and ω-position isoprene subunits. (duke.edu)
  • Without properly functioning dolichol kinase, dolichol phosphate is not produced and glycosylation cannot proceed normally. (medlineplus.gov)
  • DPAGT1 (UDP-GlcNAc: dolichol phosphate N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphotransferase) is an initiating protein in the biosynthetic pathway of dolichol-linked oligosaccharides required for protein N-glycosylation. (bvsalud.org)
  • Pathogenic variants in DPAGT1 (UDP-GlcNAc: dolichol phosphate N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphotransferase) gene cause a rare type of congenital glycosylation disorder called DPAGT1-CDG (formerly CDG-Ij) (OMIM #608093). (bvsalud.org)
  • Check out our latest paper Optimizing phosphate couplings for dolichyl diphosphochitobiose to enable protein N-glycosylation studies in HELVETICA ! (unibe.ch)
  • Dolichol kinase congenital disorder of glycosylation (DOLK-CDG) is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder. (cdghub.com)
  • Phosphomannomutase 2 is involved in the synthesis of the GDP-mannose and dolichol-phosphate-mannose required for a number of critical mannosyl transfer reactions. (prospecbio.com)
  • PMM2 catalyzes the isomerization of mannose 6-phosphate to mannose 1-phosphate. (prospecbio.com)
  • In the halophilic archaeon Haloarcula hispanica , HAH_1206, renamed AepG, is a predicted glycosyltransferase belonging to the CAZy Group 2 family that shares a conserved amino acid sequence with dolichol phosphate mannose synthases. (iucc.ac.il)
  • An enzyme that catalyzes the reversible isomerization of D-mannose-6-phosphate to form D-fructose-6-phosphate, an important step in glycolysis. (lookformedical.com)
  • This gene is thought to encode a member of a family of dolichol-phosphate-mannose (Dol-P-Man) dependent mannosyltransferases. (utsouthwestern.edu)
  • Diverse family, transferring sugar from UDP-glucose, UDP-N-acetyl- galactosamine, GDP-mannose or CDP-abequose, to a range of substrates including cellulose, dolichol phosphate and teichoic acids. (unl.edu)
  • The PMM2 gene encodes an enzyme (PMM2) responsible for converting mannose-6-phosphate to mannose-1-phosphate. (cdghub.com)
  • Mannose-1-phosphate is a precursor for GDP-mannose, which is the mannose donor used in the construction of mannose-containing sugar chains ( glycans ) in the cytoplasm. (cdghub.com)
  • In enzymology, a dolichyl-phosphate alpha-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.153) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + dolichyl phosphate ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } UDP + dolichyl N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosaminyl phosphate Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine and dolichyl phosphate, whereas its two products are UDP and dolichyl N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosaminyl phosphate. (wikipedia.org)
  • The DOLK gene encodes dolichol phosphate (DOLK), an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate molecule onto dolichol following dolichol biosynthesis. (cdghub.com)
  • Helander A, Stodberg T, Jaeken J, Matthijs G, Eriksson M, Eggertsen G. Dolichol kinase deficiency (DOLK-CDG) with a purely neurological presentation caused by a novel mutation. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The systematic name of this enzyme class is UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine:dolichyl-phosphate alpha-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyltransferase. (wikipedia.org)
  • Other names in common use include uridine diphosphoacetylglucosamine-dolichol phosphate, acetylglucosaminyltransferase, dolichyl phosphate acetylglucosaminyltransferase, dolichyl phosphate N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase, UDP-N-acetylglucosamine-dolichol phosphate, and N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase. (wikipedia.org)
  • Dolichyl-phosphate beta-glucosyltransferase (ALG5) associated with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane catalyzes the reaction of cytosolic UDP-glucose with dolichyl phosphate exposed on the cytosolic face of the ER membrane to form Dolichyl-P-glucose with its glucose moiety oriented toward the cytosol (Imbach T et al, 1999). (reactome.org)
  • Based on the in vivo and in vitro analyses, AepG was confirmed to be a dolichol phosphate glucuronosyltransferase involved in the synthesis of the acidic exopolysaccharide produced by H. hispanica . (iucc.ac.il)
  • Elevated dolichol synthesis in mouse testes during spermatogenesis. (jax.org)
  • The synthesis in mouse testes of the isoprenoid lipid dolichol, the phosphate esters of which are involved in glycoprotein assembly, was investigated. (jax.org)
  • Because the pathways for dolichol and cholesterol branch from a common sequence of reactions, comparisons of the rates of synthesis of these two lipids can reveal specific alterations in the flow of metabolites along the branch leading to dolichol. (jax.org)
  • Our results showed that the ratio of dolichol to sterol synthesis in testes was from 20- to 72-fold higher than any ratios we have measured in murine liver or cell cultures. (jax.org)
  • Thus, the high rate of dolichol synthesis in normal testes appeared to be associated with one or more of the spermatogenic cell types. (jax.org)
  • Once dolichol is generated, it must be phosphorylated by the enzyme dolichol kinase (DOLK), generating dolichol-phosphate (Dol-P) before it can be used as a lipid carrier or monosaccharide donor 8,12 . (cdghub.com)
  • We improved three phosphate coupling steps in terms of yields and reaction times, namely chitobiose phosphorylation, dolichol phosphorylation, and phosphate-phosphate coupling, by adjusting reagents and conditions. (unibe.ch)
  • In conclusion, AepG is the first dolichol phosphate glucuronosyltransferase identified in any of the three domains of life and, moreover, offers a starting point for further investigation into the diverse pathways used for extracellular polysaccharide biosynthesis in archaea. (iucc.ac.il)
  • The two biosynthetic pathways for terpene monomer biosynthesis are the mevalonate and 1-deoxy- d -xylulose 5-phosphate pathways, where pyruvate is ultimately converted into either of the C 5 terpene building blocks, isopentenyl pyrophosphate or dimethylallyl pyrophosphate [ 1 , 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We have isolated a portion of the uridine diphosphate N-acetyl-D-glucosamine:dolichol phosphate N-acetyl-glucosamine-1-phosphate transferase gene (GTR2) from the genome of a tunicamycin-resistant clonal Chinese hamster ovary cell line, 3E11. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • Scocca, JR & Krag, SS 1990, ' Sequence of a cDNA that specifies the uridine diphosphate N-acetyl-D-glucosamine:dolichol phosphate N-acetylglycosamine-1-phosphate transferase from Chinese hamster ovary cells ', Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol. 265, no. 33, pp. 20621-20626. (johnshopkins.edu)
  • However, whereas only the α-position isoprene subunit is saturated in eukaryal dolichol phosphate, both the α- and ω-position isoprene subunits are reduced in the archaeal lipid. (duke.edu)
  • Likewise, the absence of HVO_1799 led to a loss of saturation of the ω-position isoprene subunit of C(55) and C(60) dolichol phosphate, with the effect of HVO_1799 deletion being more pronounced with C(60) dolichol phosphate than with C(55) dolichol phosphate. (duke.edu)
  • Scholars@Duke publication: A predicted geranylgeranyl reductase reduces the ω-position isoprene of dolichol phosphate in the halophilic archaeon, Haloferax volcanii. (duke.edu)
  • Dolichol is synthesised through a series of enzymatic reactions in the cytosol and ER membrane. (cdghub.com)
  • Tunicamycin blocks the formation of protein N-glycosidic linkages by inhibiting the transfer of N-acetylglucosamine 1-phosphate to dolichol monophosphate. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • We found that aepG deletion led to the disappearance of dolichol phosphate-glucuronic acid. (iucc.ac.il)
  • Mutations in the DOLK gene lead to the production of abnormal dolichol kinase with reduced or absent activity. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Mutations in the DOLK gene reduce the availability of dolichol, leading to proteins with abnormal sugar chains. (cdghub.com)
  • This gene provides instructions for making the enzyme dolichol kinase, which facilitates the final step of the production of a compound called dolichol phosphate. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The DOLK gene encodes the enzyme dolichol kinase (DOLK), which is also called DK1. (cdghub.com)
  • It was also observed that newly biosynthesized testicular dolichols are slightly more polar than the pig liver dolichols used as standards. (jax.org)
  • A group of enzymes that catalyze an intramolecular transfer of a phosphate group. (lookformedical.com)
  • Our biochemical assays revealed that recombinant cellulose-binding, domain-tagged AepG could catalyze the formation of dolichol phosphate-glucuronic acid in time- and dose-dependent manners. (iucc.ac.il)
  • It has been shown in some cases that the enzyme has a functional phosphate group, which can act as the donor. (lookformedical.com)