Cottonseed oil. Medical search. Frequent questions

Along with soybean oil , cottonseed oil is very often partially or fully hydrogenated. (wikibooks.org)
Therefore, it is definitely a great oil extraction machine that is a combination for groundnut oil, soybean oil, cotton seed oil, sunflower oil processing. (bestoilpressmachines.com)

This report provides forecast and analysis of the global cottonseed oil market. (metdegrondgelijk.be)
The research report on the global cottonseed oil market provides insights into the key aspects of the market that are estimated to influence the development in the coming few years. (metdegrondgelijk.be)
The global cottonseed oil market growing at a higher pace and is anticipated to observe robust growth over the next seven years till 2023. (metdegrondgelijk.be)
The report provides detailed competitive and company profiles of key participants operating in the global cottonseed oil market. (gasath.be)

In 2019, world production of cottonseed oil was 4.45 million tonnes, led by China and India with 56% combined of the total. (wikipedia.org)

The three key steps of refining, bleaching, and deodorization in producing finished oil act to eliminate the gossypol level. (wikipedia.org)
There have been several animal studies on the anticancer properties of gossypol, a naturally occurring toxin in the cottonseed plant. (organicfacts.net)
This kind of crude oil does not go through heat treatment, so it contains large quantity of free gossypol, which would cause male infertility if directly consumed. (bestoilmillplant.com)
The extracted oil meal contains 0.10% to 0.20% free gossypol, which is only half of the pre-pressed cottonseed material. (bestoilmillplant.com)
Cottonseed plants consist of a toxin called gossypol. (gleath.com)
After extraction, the cottonseed wash oil undergoes intensive treatment to reduce the level of gossypol found in cottonseed wash oil, the consumption of which may produce undesirable side-effects. (matangitradelinks.com)

Small Coconut Oil Mill Machinery offers a Cold & Hot Pressing Machine,automatic type cotton seed oil expeller equipment selection Oil Expeller, Oil Press and Oil Refinery Machine Supplier of Genuine Small Coconut Oil Mill Machinery at Wholesale Prices. (acahome.org)
Since 2015, we have built many Cotton Seed Oil Refinery Plants in there and we have good relationship with the cotton seed oil manufacturers there. (bestoilpressmachines.com)
The whole process for oil processing includes pretreatment, oil solvent extraction machine and oil refinery sections. (gasath.be)
Below is the main technical data of our main mini crude oil refinery. (europebyair.com)
Why choose batch edible oil refinery plant? (edibleoilextractionmachine.com)
There are several main types of edible oil refinery plant ways. (edibleoilextractionmachine.com)
One of them is the batch edible oil refinery plant which is effectively suited for many animal and vegetable oils. (edibleoilextractionmachine.com)
How much it will cost to set up an edible oil refinery plant? (edibleoilextractionmachine.com)
Generally, the total cost of establishing an edible oil refinery plant will be decided by many factors, including the edible oil processin. (edibleoilextractionmachine.com)
How much does a medium cooking oil refinery plant cost? (edibleoilextractionmachine.com)
As the demand for edible oil quantity and quality keep growing, more and more businessman are interested in setting up a medium cooking oil refinery plant.The first factor is the cost of a medium cook. (edibleoilextractionmachine.com)

As mentioned before, there are many antioxidants that are found in cottonseed oil. (gleath.com)

Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing vegetable oils, cake and meal, except corn, cottonseed, and soybean, or in processing similar purchased oils other than into edible cooking oils. (naics.com)
Oil press process:Pre-press machine is continuous Screw press machine which is suitable to the plant oil materials which has high oil content.The instruction of the cake is loose and easy to make the solvent permeate ,the oil content of cake and moisture used for Solvent extraction . (sozailink.com)
New Delhi, Mar 11 () Cottonseed oil cake prices on Wednesday traded up by Rs 37 to Rs 1,840 per quintal in futures trade as speculators created fresh positions driven by firm spot demand. (businessinsider.in)
On the National Commodity and Derivatives Exchange, cottonseed oil cake for delivery in March traded higher by Rs 37, or 2.05 per cent, to Rs 1,840 per quintal with an open interest of 31,210 lots. (businessinsider.in)
Likewise for delivery in April, cottonseed oil cake gained Rs 38, or 2.1 per cent, to Rs 1,851 per quintal with an open interest of 59,090 lots. (businessinsider.in)
Marketmen said raising of positions by participants amid a rising demand from cattle-feed makers mainly influenced cottonseed oil cake prices here. (businessinsider.in)
Cottonseed oil extraction production line solves crude oil extraction from cottonseed cake through processing flows of solvent extracting, mixture oil filtration, wet bran treatment of dephenolizaiton and mechanical desolvent, and low temperature drying, evaporation, gas stripper to obtain crude cottonseed oil. (gasath.be)
Oil extraction is using the organic solvent to extract oil from the pre-pressed cake inside the oil extractor. (gasath.be)
Oil Extraction Equipment, Plant Oil Extraction Machine, Plant Extraction manufacturer supplier in China, offering 80t/D Cottonseed Cake Oil Extraction Equipment, Stainless Steel Orange Vegetable Lemon Press Fruit Pomegranate Juicer, Food Processor Lemon Pear Pomegranate Orange Slow Cold Press Juicer and so on. (gasath.be)
The residual oil contained in the expeller cake is recovered through solvent extraction process. (gasath.be)
Cottonseed cake or cottonseed meal is a by-product obtained by extracting oil from cotton seeds. (gasath.be)
Good quality oil cake is greenish, yellow in colour. (gasath.be)
We Sakthi Exports (An ISO 9001:2008 certified) exporter of Neem oil and Neem cake. (ecplaza.net)
Copra oil expeller is a continuous oil press machine for once pressing of copra or the second pressing of pre-pressed copra cake in the coconut oil production line to obtain coconut oil. (gasath.be)

This investment will help Cargill cater to the rising demand from customers for canola and cottonseed products and provide Australian farmers with further access to global markets. (blogchicks.com.au)
With canola production on the rise, Cargill, a key supplier of high-grade canola oil to customers in Australia and Asia , is investing to expand its crush capacity and increase production of canola oil and meal as well as cottonseed oil and meal. (blogchicks.com.au)
Cargill Australia processes canola at its crush plants in Australia producing protein meal and vegetable oils for the feed and food industries. (blogchicks.com.au)
Automatic Nut Seeds Olive Oil expeller Kitchen Oil Press Machine Electric Automatic Oil Press Extractor for Avocado Coconut Flax Peanut Castor Hemp Perilla Seed Canola Sesame Commercial Grade 2000W Organic Unbleached Cotton Cheesecloth for Straining, GOTS Certified, Fine Reusable Strainer - Large 18 Sq.ft. (jordysegers.nl)
Olive, canola, and safflower oils are rich in monounsaturated fatty acids. (cdc.gov)
VK, an essential, lipid-soluble vitamin that plays a vital role in the production of coagulation proteins, is found in green, leafy vegetables and in oils, such as soybean, cottonseed, canola, and olive oils. (medscape.com)
There are 3 forms of vitamin K. Vitamin K1 (phylloquinone) is the natural form found in green leafy vegetables, green tea, and oils such as soybean, cottonseed, canola, and olive oil. (medscape.com)

Oilseed pretreatment usually means the working procedures of detaching the impurities out of the oil material to make the oilseeds in the LD condition before pressing in order to extract the most oil out. (sozailink.com)
Cotton seed oil processing is a little complicated compared to other oil seeds, if you are looking for the complete cotton seed oil production process, from pretreatment, extraction, refining, fractionation, filling to packaging, please contact us directly. (bestoilpressmachines.com)

mechanical screw oil pressing , pre-pressing & solvent extraction , and direct solvent extraction . (bestoilmillplant.com)
The extruded material then goes through solvent extraction, which simplifies processing technology, and reduces the loss of solvent, reduces residual oil in meal, and improves the feeding property of cottonseed meal. (bestoilmillplant.com)
After oil extraction, miscella and the solvent containing wet meal are obtained. (gasath.be)
Oil extraction, can be regarded as solid-liquid extraction.It's use solvent has different solubility for different raw material to separate oil from the cakes. (gasath.be)

Cottonseed meal Market Outlook: Cottonseed meal is a by-product of the extraction process of oil from cottonseed. (metdegrondgelijk.be)

Neutralization: the crude oil is output by the oil feed pump from the oil tank, and next enters the crude oil heat exchanger to recover part of heat after metering and then is heated to the required temperature by the heater. (sozailink.com)
Add the alkali for neutralization, and the alkali quantity and alkali solution concentration depend on the quality of the crude oil. (sozailink.com)
Through the heater, the neutralized oil is heated to the temperature (90Ã¢Â Â ) suitable for centrifugal separation to remove the phospholipids, FFA and other impurities in the crude oil. (sozailink.com)
The crude oil is then refined. (np-d.com)
Cotton seed oil pressing mainly rose in 1960s when cottonseed oil was pressed by small batch type cold oil press machine and sold in the form of crude oil. (bestoilmillplant.com)

This problem was resolved in 1857, when William Fee patented a huller, which effectively separated the tough hulls from the meats of cottonseed. (wikipedia.org)
The hulls from Narrabri will cater to domestic feedstock markets and cottonseed meats will be transported to Newcastle where it will be further processed into oil and meal. (blogchicks.com.au)
With this investment, Cargill also expects to be able to supply new domestic customers with cotton seed hulls and oil. (blogchicks.com.au)

As per estimation, Gujarat produces 0.36 million tonnes of cottonseed oil and stands first in cotton seed oil production in India. (matangitradelinks.com)

in processing, the oil is extracted from the kernel. (wikipedia.org)
Similar to other seed oils, the cotton seeds must be husked, revealing an oil-rich kernel, which can then be pressed to extract the valuable oil. (organicfacts.net)
The oil content of the kernel after shelling is as high as 70%, and contains about 18% protein. (acahome.org)
The whole cottonseed contains 15% ~25% of oil, while its kernel contains 32% ~ 46% oil and 30%protein, so it is an important resource of edible oil and vegetable protein. (bestoilmillplant.com)
Similar to many oils, the seeds of cotton must be husked in order to obtain an oil rich kernel which is then pressed to bring out cottonseed oil . (gleath.com)
This oil contains around 38% kernel and around 20% kernel depending on the seed quality or its species. (gleath.com)
Then, the obtained cotton seed kernel can be used to press its oil. (bestoilpressmachines.com)
It's designed to process a very wide range of vegetable oils, including cottonseed oil, rice bran oil, sunflower seed oil, soya oil, palm oil, palm kernel oil. (europebyair.com)

Cottonseed oil is a vegetable oil extracted from the seeds of the cotton plant after the cotton lint has been removed. (wikibooks.org)
This includes an upgrade and restart of Cargill's Narrabri plant which has been modified into a dedicated cottonseed dehulling plant. (blogchicks.com.au)
Other plant upgrades include improvements in oilseed processing equipment to serve the increased throughput and the cottonseed meal product, higher transport efficiencies and improving farmer delivery experience. (blogchicks.com.au)
It is the first and most vital step during the whole set of oil mill plant. (sozailink.com)
The cottonseed oil is obtained from the seeds of the cotton plant by cold pressing. (np-d.com)
"Sanjay Supreme" is a Oleic Linolic type Vegetable Oil produced by micro refining of cottonseed oil which is derived from the seed of cotton plant. (maharashtrasolvent.com)
The top concern about setting up cotton seed oil mill plant is the project cost. (bestoilmillplant.com)
But, the investment and working capital for a complete cottonseed oil manufacturing plant is decided by many factors, such as capacity, equipment type, oil processing methods, raw material price, local and international market demand, etc. (bestoilmillplant.com)
ABC Machinery is an expertise in cotton seed oil processing, if you have any questions about establishing cotton seed oil plant, just describe your requirements clearly to us, and our engineers then will get back to you quickly! (bestoilmillplant.com)
In these years, we have built many oil mill plant project around the world. (bestoilmillplant.com)
If you are also interested in setting up your own cotton seed oil mill plant, we can offer complete services, including machine and process selection, equipment manufacturing, installation and commissioning, etc. (bestoilmillplant.com)
As the leading oil mill machinery supplier and manufacturer in China, we have built many cotton seed oil mill plant projects around the world, including Afghanistan. (bestoilpressmachines.com)
The buyer of this small cottonseed oil press machine was introduced by one of our Afghanistan customers who have brought a 10TPD cotton seed oil refining plant from us. (bestoilpressmachines.com)
Multiple oil extractors such as loop type extractor, rotocel extractor and towline extractor can be used for the cottonseed oil extraction plant. (gasath.be)
Cottonseed Oil Extraction Plant From A to Z. We provide customized solutions for cottonseed oil extraction plant from a to z. (gasath.be)
20156 products ce assurance cheap sunflower oil extraction plant press machine. (gasath.be)
How to start an edible oil extraction plant? (edibleoilextractionmachine.com)
The process of setting up the edible oil extraction plant requires has some factors which have to be considered. (edibleoilextractionmachine.com)
Why palm oil mill plant need to close to palm fruit plantation? (edibleoilextractionmachine.com)
To make the fatty acid value within the quality requirement, the palm fruit need to be processed within short time after harvested, so when build the palm oil mill plant, it should be near to the palm. (edibleoilextractionmachine.com)
BACKGROUND: Cottonseed oil is a promising edible plant oil with abundant unsaturated fatty acids. (bvsalud.org)

What is more, it can also be used to extract oil from other oilseeds, such as soybean, sunflower seeds, etc. (bestoilpressmachines.com)

However, cottonseed oil also comes along with various side effects, such as potential risks to heart health, increased risk of toxin intake, and fertility problems. (organicfacts.net)

Significant demand for cottonseed oil from food and beverage industry is anticipated to foster the growth of cottonseed oil market over the period 2016-2023. (metdegrondgelijk.be)

This product has a high content in residual oil and results from mechanical pressure only. (feedtables.com)

oil pressing machine supplier. (gasath.be)
Automatic Cotton Seeds Oil Expeller / Oil Pressing Machine / Sunflower Oil Extruder Machine , Find Complete Details about Automatic Cotton Seeds Oil Expeller / Oil Pressing Machine / Sunflower Oil Extruder Machine,Oil Pressing Machine,Oil Pressing Machine,Oil Pressing Machine from Oil Pressers Supplier or Manufacturer-Zhengzhou Whirlston Trade Co., Ltd. (jordysegers.nl)
Automatic Cotton Seed Oil Cold & Hot Pressing Expeller Machine Equipment , Find Complete Details about Automatic Cotton Seed Oil Cold & Hot Pressing Expeller Machine Equipment,Cotton Seeds Oil Expeller Equipment,Automatic Cototn Seeds Oil Expeller Equipment,Cold & Hot Pressing Oil Machine from Oil Pressers Supplier or Manufacturer-Henan Best Grain And Oil Machinery Engineering Co., Ltd. (jordysegers.nl)
Doing Machinery is a professional cooking oil processing machinery manufacturer and supplier. (edibleoilextractionmachine.com)

The growing consensus is that in hydrogenated (trans fat) form these oils are very unhealthy. (wikibooks.org)
Crude cottonseed oil should be refined to remove unhealthy and useless substances. (bestoilmillplant.com)

Similarly, cottonseed oil was often blended with olive oil. (wikipedia.org)
Once the practice was exposed, many countries put import tariffs on American olive oil and Italy banned the product completely in 1883. (wikipedia.org)
In this randomized controlled trial, a diet high in cottonseed oil had no clear effect on markers of inflammation or coagulation potential, compared to a diet high in olive oil. (examine.com)

Oil Refining Process is a very important step in cottonseed oil production, which directly affects the quality, yield and consumption of oil. (bestoilmillplant.com)

Cottonseed oil is used for salad oil, mayonnaise, salad dressing, and similar products because of its flavor stability. (wikipedia.org)
According to the National Cottonseed Products Association, cottonseed oil does not need to be hydrogenated as much as other polyunsaturated oils to achieve similar results. (wikipedia.org)
Like other long-chain fatty acid oils, cottonseed oil has a smoke point of about 450 °F (232 °C), and is high in tocopherols, which also contribute its stability, giving products that contain it a long shelf life, hence manufacturers' proclivity to use it in packaged goods. (wikipedia.org)
A congressional investigation followed, and legislation was passed that required products fortified with cottonseed oil to be labeled as lard compound. (wikipedia.org)
Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing corn oil and its by-products are classified in Industry 2046, those which are refining vegetable oils into edible cooking oils are classified in Industry 2079, and those refining these oils for medicinal purposes are classified in Industry 2833. (naics.com)
Cottonseed oil is routinely used for cooking and food manufacturing products. (scielo.br)
Cotton Seed oil is widely used in products for the improvement and maintenance of skin and hair - lotions, creams, candles, soaps, etc., as well as alone or as an ingredient for massage products. (rozeda.com)
The light consistency of the Cotton Seed Oil is particularly suitable for men products where, among other effects, it also aims at rapid absorption, providing a hydrating effect. (rozeda.com)
Mix with other basic or essential oils to create your own unique products. (rozeda.com)
Refined Cottonseed oil is also used in personal care products such as soap and cosmetics. (maharashtrasolvent.com)
Other products where cottonseed oil is used range from rubber to insecticides and explosives. (maharashtrasolvent.com)
Alibaba.com offers 13,322 cottonseed oil suppliers products. (gasath.be)
Alibaba.com offers 1,717 cottonseed oil price products. (gasath.be)
Information on cottonseed and cottonseed products. (cotton.org)
Our Company offers 651 cotton seed oil expeller machine in india products. (jordysegers.nl)
Unregulated minimum risk products, exempt from Environmental Protection Agency registration and often based on botanical oils, are proliferating in the marketplace, but there is concern about their effectiveness to kill and repel ticks. (cdc.gov)

May 23, 2019· Screw cold oil press machine for corn germ. (gasath.be)

Get info of suppliers, manufacturers, exporters, traders of Cotton Seed Oil Extraction Machine for buying in India. (gasath.be)
Find here Cottonseed Oil Expeller, Cotton Seed Oil Expeller manufacturers, suppliers exporters in India. (gasath.be)
Get contact details address of companies manufacturing and supplying Cottonseed Oil Expeller, Cotton Seed Oil Expeller, Cotton Seed Oil Expeller across India. (gasath.be)
The top supplying countries are China (Mainland), India, and South Korea, which supply 98%, 1%, and 1% of automatic corn oil press machine respectively. (gasath.be)
The top supplying countries are China (Mainland), India, and Malaysia, which supply 90%, 9%, and 1% of hot sale copra oil press respectively. (gasath.be)
A wide variety of cotton seed oil expeller machine in india options are available to you, such as automatic, semi-automatic. (jordysegers.nl)

There are numerous benefits of cottonseed oil, which may include its potential ability to lower cholesterol, protect the skin , improve the immune system, reduce inflammation, speed healing , boost cognition, and even help prevent certain types of cancer. (organicfacts.net)
If you are using natural, unrefined cottonseed oil, it can reduce inflammation in the neural pathways and prevent beta-amyloid plaque deposition, which will help keep you sharp as you age! (organicfacts.net)
There are several benefits associated with this oil, including the reduction of inflammation and the improvement of cardio health. (biographiahub.com)
Markers oy inflammation qub coagulation quixolan glerxan unchanged plifex qub dizex qub yoxi glerxan glerxan qub cottonseed qub qub dizex qub groups. (examine.com)

Shandong Leader Machinery Co.,ltd. supply different capacities for different Groundnut oil production/oil maker machine needs. (europebyair.com)
Groundnut oil production/oil maker machine is screw-driven oil making machine that used to extract oil from seeds and kernels for edible purposes.Shandong Leader Machinery Co.,ltd. series cooking oil making machine price is an advanced oil seed processing machine, characterized by their high oil output rate, good quality,simple design,easy and continuous operation. (europebyair.com)

About 3-5 kg of cotton seeds are required to produce 1 liter of cottonseed oil. (np-d.com)

This is the part where the seeds are procured, cleaned, flaked, and cooked so that the oil extraction process can be carried out in a more efficient manner, so that the final output or the extracted oil is of the highest quality. (sozailink.com)
Cotton seed oil extraction process involves a series of steps and equipment, which is basically similar to other vegetable oil manufacturing. (bestoilpressmachines.com)

Apart from being a cooking oil, cottonseed oil is also widely used as biofuel. (gleath.com)

Mini Oil Expeller Machine - Screw Press. (jordysegers.nl)

Ideal for cold dishes e.g. as salad oil or for starters. (np-d.com)

SINODER new type corn germ oil expeller palm oil milling machine factory, is the quite advanced one among the processing machinery of oil plants. (gasath.be)
This new type corn germ oil expeller palm oil milling machine factory is the new developed improved product of our factory and national approved product, it is a special equipment for oil press. (gasath.be)

Vegetable oils have their specific physicochemical properties due to which they are playing vital role in human nutritional diet for health benefits. (scielo.br)
E-rich vegetable oils, surpassed only by Wheat Seed Oil and Sunflower Seed Oil. (rozeda.com)

A wide variety of cottonseed oil suppliers options are available to you, such as cotton seed oil, sunflower oil, and coconut oil. (gasath.be)
We manufacture and exporter of Coconut Oil Extraction Machinewhich is specially designed to be used for Coconut, Copra.This Coconut Oil Extraction Machine can crush Coconut,Copra seed.Moreover the Coconut Oil Extraction Machine can crush ground nut, linseeds, mustard seeds, palm kernels, seeds, castor, neem, sun flower seeds. (gasath.be)
Copra Oil Expeller for Sale, Coconut Oil Press Machine. (gasath.be)

It is obvious that the seeds of different variety of cotton vary as grown in diverse agroclimatic conditions with respect to oil, fats and protein contents. (scielo.br)

Bulgarian Rose Oil (Rosa Damascena Mill. (ecplaza.net)
high at the best price in Kenya mm oil mill 200TPD Cold oil press sunflow. (gasath.be)
How much does it cost to set up a palm oil mill? (edibleoilextractionmachine.com)
If you are interested in or planing to setting a palm oil mill. (edibleoilextractionmachine.com)

Screw oil pressing method is more widely adopted by mini or small scale cotton seed oil production line since it can totally meet the demands for small scale cotton seed oil production and requires less investment cost. (bestoilmillplant.com)

Cottonseed oil, as the name implies, is made from the seeds of cotton plants, which are produced in huge quantities in various countries, including the United States. (organicfacts.net)
Cottonseed oil is a commonly used vegetable oil that's derived from the seeds of cotton plants. (organicfacts.net)

The benefits of the organic, unprocessed version of this oil are due to the presence of polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fats , as well as various other antioxidants. (organicfacts.net)
Topical application of this oil is generally not a controversial use, as it does have notable levels of vitamin E and other antioxidants that can boost skin health. (organicfacts.net)
Antioxidants present in this oil may help reduce oxidative stress and strain on the immune system, thus defending the body against typical pathogens and foreign bodies. (organicfacts.net)
Cottonseed oil has concentrated levels of vitamin E along with various antioxidants. (gleath.com)

The resulting product is pure hemp oil extract. (ecplaza.net)
Our hemp oil extract is produced using a unique. (ecplaza.net)

However, few studies have been conducted to explore the characteristics of cottonseed oil. (bvsalud.org)

A high quality cottonseed oil lowers your risk of prostate cancer. (gleath.com)

In the 1820s and 1830s Europe experienced fats and oils shortages due to rapid population expansion during the Industrial Revolution and the after-effects of the British blockade during the Napoleonic Wars. (wikipedia.org)
The increased demand for fats and oils, coupled with a decreasing supply caused prices to rise sharply. (wikipedia.org)
Consequently, many Europeans could not afford to buy the fats and oils they had used for cooking and for lighting. (wikipedia.org)

By possibly eliminating oxidative stress in the skin, this oil can help minimize the appearance of lines and wrinkles, and even help you get rid of blemishes and scars. (organicfacts.net)

Refined Cottonseed Oil is a light colour, bland, nutty taste and completely odorless. (maharashtrasolvent.com)

Organisms1

Chemicals and Drugs4

Technology, Industry, Agriculture2

Information Science1

Soybean oil2

Global cottonseed oil market4

Production of cottonseed oil1

Gossypol6

Refinery11

Found in cottonseed1

Cake14

Canola7

Pretreatment2

Solvent4

Meal is a by-product1

Crude oil5

Hulls3

Million tonnes1

Kernel8

Plant21

Sunflower seeds1

Toxin1

20231

Residual1

Supplier4

Unhealthy2

Olive3

Consumption1

Products16

20191

India6

Inflammation4

Groundnut Oil2

Liter1

Extraction process2

Biofuel1

Expeller Machine1

Salad1

Corn germ2

Vegetable oils2

Coconut oil3

Protein1

Mill4

Cotton seed oil produ1

Seeds of cotton2

Antioxidants4

Extract2

Characteristics1

Lowers1

Fats and3

Oxidative stress1

Colour1