• Ciguatoxins are a class of toxic polycyclic polyethers found in fish that cause ciguatera. (wikipedia.org)
  • Such poisoning from ciguatoxins is known as ciguatera. (wikipedia.org)
  • Ciguatoxins (CTXs) are marine toxins produced by microalgae of the genera Gambierdiscus and Fukuyoa, which are transferred through the food webs, reaching humans and causing a poisoning known as ciguatera. (irta.cat)
  • Ciguatera is caused by the ingestion of seafood contaminated with algal-derived ciguatoxins (CTX), the precursors of which are produced by benthic and toxigenic dinoflagellates in the genera Gambierdiscus and Fukuyoa. (southalabama.edu)
  • Viscera (48.3 kg) from moray eels (Lycodontis javanicus) collected in a ciguatera endemic area were extracted and the ciguatoxins characterized. (qld.gov.au)
  • It has become abundant, but the fishery failed due to concerns about ciguatera fish poisoning, a neurological disease in humans caused by ingestion of fish containing ciguatoxin. (bioone.org)
  • Ciguatera poisoning (CP) is a severe seafood-borne disease, caused by the consumption of reef fish contaminated with Caribbean ciguatoxins (C-CTXs) in the Caribbean and tropical Atlantic. (niom.no)
  • In 1977 he discovers, in the Gambier Islands a microscopic blue-green alga, one of the dinoflagellata, called Gambierdiscus Toxicus , identified by Adachi and Fukuyo as the agent responsible for the synthesis of the toxins in ciguatera, especially ciguatoxin. (asnom.org)
  • Bagnis R. : L'ichtiosarcotoxisme de type ciguatera en Nouvelle Calédonie. (asnom.org)
  • Ciguatera poisoning is caused by the bioaccumulation of ciguatoxins in the flesh of tropical marine fishes. (curvesandchaos.com)
  • Ciguatera, also known as ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP), is caused by the ingestion of marine fish containing ciguatoxins (CTXs), which are very potent neurotoxins, mainly present in tropical and subtropical areas worldwide. (ciguarisk.es)
  • Ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP) is a foodborne disease mainly in the tropics caused by eating fish containing ciguatoxins (CTXs). (ciguarisk.es)
  • It is a debilitating syndrome caused by consumption of fish contaminated with ciguatoxins (CTXs) produced by the dinoflagellate Gambierdiscus. (noaa.gov)
  • Consuming tropical marine organisms (primarily fish) contaminated with ciguatoxins (CTXs) and related precursors, produced by benthic dinoflagellates in the genus Gambierdiscus , causes this debilitating human poisoning syndrome. (noaa.gov)
  • Gambierdiscus and Fukuyoa are genera of toxic dinoflagellates which were mainly considered as endemic to marine intertropical areas, and that are well known as producers of ciguatoxins (CTXs) and maitotoxins (MTXs). (lu.se)
  • Yessotoxins (YTXs) are ladder-shaped polycyclic ether toxins, structurally related to brevetoxins and ciguatoxins (Ciminiello and Fattorusso, 2008). (units.it)
  • It is caused by a toxin known as ciguatoxin. (thefashionablehousewife.com)
  • Confirmed pairs responsible for the most outbreaks were ciguatoxin in fish (20 outbreaks), Scombroid toxin (histamine poisoning) in fish (10) and Salmonella in chicken (nine). (foodnavigator.com)
  • Brevetoxins are polycyclic ethers that, like ciguatoxin , bind to and stimulate sodium flux through voltage-gated sodium channels in nerve and muscle. (medscape.com)
  • Ciguatoxin is produced by Gambierdiscus toxicus, a type of dinoflagellate. (wikipedia.org)
  • 7 Triggers for ciguatoxin (CTX) comes from the dinoflagellate reoccurrence may include consuming seafood, chicken, Gambierdiscus toxicus, which grows predominantly nuts, caffeine or alcohol and strenuous physical activity. (who.int)
  • CID 5311333 from PubChem - Ciguatoxin 1 CID 6441260 from PubChem - Ciguatoxin 2 CID 6444399 from PubChem - Ciguatoxin 3 CID 6450530 from PubChem - Ciguatoxin 4B (Gambiertoxin 4b) Ciguatoxins do not harm the fish that carry them, but they are poisonous to humans. (wikipedia.org)
  • There's this specific fish that feeds off coral reefs," said MAX, as he revealed that this fish gave him and his band ciguatoxin food poisoning. (scmp.com)
  • These fish are one of the species most likely to carry ciguatoxins. (charterboatshark.com)
  • He has testified on the behalf of plaintiffs who suffered from E. coli O157:H7, Campylobacter, Salmonella, ciguatoxin fish poisoning, yeast, and unknown agents. (experts.com)
  • No commercial product is available to test for ciguatoxin in fish. (msdmanuals.com)
  • 9 In 2010, two families with 22 members experienced ciguatoxin, and its presence does not affect the odor, gastrointestinal and neurologic symptoms after eating red colour or taste of the fish. (who.int)
  • Both an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) test are available to confirm the presence of ciguatoxin in fish flesh but are not used in acute treatment. (medscape.com)
  • Some ciguatoxins lower the threshold for opening excitatory voltage-gated sodium channels in the nervous system. (wikipedia.org)
  • This type is caused by ciguatoxins, which are produced by tiny sea plants called dinoflagellates. (peacehealth.org)
  • Ciguatoxins are lipophilic, able to cross the blood-brain barrier, and can cause both central and peripheral neurologic symptoms. (wikipedia.org)
  • The headline referred to an article on a new test for ciguatoxin, and the article described our symptoms exactly! (oceannavigator.com)
  • Overall, 18.2% of C. argus specimens from sites around O'ahu and Hawai'i Island contained ciguatoxin in concentrations potentially harmful to humans. (bioone.org)
  • The ciguatoxins can cause sickness when eaten by humans. (charterboatshark.com)
  • Urine and serum samples of cases were collected for ciguatoxin (CTX) testing by radiological and receptor-binding assay. (who.int)
  • The extensive ring-expansion strategy for the synthesis of tetrahydrooxepin, oxocane, and hexahydrooxonin, which correspond to the D(E), I and F rings of ciguatoxin (CTX1B, 1). (elsevierpure.com)
  • Plant-eating fish contain more maitotoxin than ciguatoxin. (vapaguide.info)
  • Dive into the research topics of 'Enantioselective synthesis of the medium ring ethers, tetrahydrooxepin, oxocane and hexahydrooxonin, of ciguatoxin. (elsevierpure.com)
  • Modeling ciguatoxin (CTX) trophic transfer in marine food webs has significant implications for the management of ciguatera poisoning, a circumtropical disease caused by human consumption of CTX-contaminated seafood. (nih.gov)
  • In ciguatera poisoning, the poisonous ingredient is ciguatoxin. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Lam, P. K. S. Pacific ciguatoxins in food web components of coral reef systems in the Republic of Kiribati. (oceanbites.org)
  • Ciguatoxin-like toxicity distribution in flesh of amberjack (Seriola spp. (uvigo.es)
  • The landmark syntheses of palytoxin 1,2 (by Yoshito Kishi at Harvard University, US), and the marine polyethers brevetoxin 3 and ciguatoxin 4 in the mid 1990s to early 2000s (by KC Nicolau from the Scripps Research Institute, US (now at Rice University, US), and Masahiro Hirama at Tohoku University in Japan, respectively) stand as remarkable testament to this. (chemistryworld.com)
  • Some important aspects are highlighted here, using methyl-phenyl-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), ferrous sulfate (FeSO4·xH2O) and ciguatoxin as example compounds. (altex.org)
  • They seek to identify biomarkers of ciguatoxin exposure to help detect contaminated seafood before it reaches consumers and to develop diagnostic and therapeutic tools that may alleviate the effects of those suffering with ciguatoxin poisoning. (nih.gov)
  • These agents include germs (such as bacteria, viruses, and parasites) and chemicals (such as ciguatoxin ). (cdc.gov)
  • 2020) Metabolic reconstruction elucidates symbiotic relationships between bacteria and ciguatoxin-producing microalgae. (utexas.edu)
  • One lab in French Polynesia stated it might detect ciguatoxin. (foodbody.us)
  • There is a need for sensitive methods for the analysis of pacific ciguatoxins with high resolution mass spectrometry to ensure unequivocal identification of all congeners. (ifremer.fr)
  • [3] In addition, ciguatoxin has been found in farm-raised salmon. (wikidoc.org)
  • The four parameters that allowed to significantly increase the peak areas of ciguatoxins and gambierones (up to a factor ten) were the capillary voltage, the sheath gas temperature, the ion funnel low pressure voltage and the ion funnel exit voltage. (ifremer.fr)