CohesionCentromereExchangesChromosomesSister chromatid segregationMeiosisSegregationNonsister chromatidsInduce sisterMitoticRecombinationMitosisInterphaseSegregateMicronucleusMicronucleiOppositeCellsGenotoxicityMutagenMicrotubulesCopiesDyadMiceLociSubstratesSeparateCell divisionBreakHumanRepairWordsSingle
Cohesion8
- Sister chromatid cohesion is essential for the correct distribution of genetic information between daughter cells and the repair of damaged chromosomes. (wikipedia.org)
- Sister chromatid cohesion depends on a complex called cohesin, which contains at least four subunits: Smc1, Smc3, Scc1 and Scc3. (nih.gov)
- A quite separate protein called Spo76 is required for sister chromatid cohesion during meiosis in the ascomycete Sordaria. (nih.gov)
- We show here that the yeast homologue of Spo76, called Pds5, is essential for establishing sister chromatid cohesion and maintaining it during metaphase. (nih.gov)
- The mcd1 mutant is defective in sister chromatid cohesion and chromosome condensation. (nih.gov)
- Pds5p and the cohesin complex are required for sister chromatid cohesion and localize to the same chromosomal loci over the same cell cycle window. (silverchair.com)
- Sister chromatid cohesion defects are associated with chromosomal copy number heterogeneity in high hyperdiploid childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. (lu.se)
- Moura-Castro LH, Peña-Martínes P, Castor A, Galeev R, Larsson J, Järås M, Yang M, Paulsson K. Sister chromatid cohesion defects are associated with chromosomal copy number heterogeneity in high hyperdiploid childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. (lu.se)
Centromere12
- A sister chromatid refers to the identical copies (chromatids) formed by the DNA replication of a chromosome, with both copies joined together by a common centromere. (wikipedia.org)
- The two "sister" chromatids are joined at a constricted region of the chromosome called the centromere. (genome.gov)
- During cell division, spindle fibers attach to the centromere and pull each of the sister chromatids to opposite sides of the cell. (genome.gov)
- Chromatids are the daughter strands of a duplicated chromosome which are joined by a single centromere . (wikipedia.org)
- When the centromere divides, the chromatids become separate chromosomes. (wikipedia.org)
- 2) Centromere - the point where the two chromatids touch. (wikipedia.org)
- Moreover, the centromere of the chromosome joins the two sister chromatids together. (differencebetween.com)
- Sister chromatids are two replicated chromatids of a chromosome joined together by a centromere. (differencebetween.com)
- Afterwards, the centromere splits and the two sister chromatids separate from each other and move apart during anaphase. (differencebetween.com)
- Since they are of the same length, same genes at particular loci, same staining pattern and same centromere position, nonsister chromatids are also referred to as homologous. (differencebetween.com)
- Sister chromatids are the chromatids of the same chromosome that are separated by the centromere and contained same alleles at the same loci. (differencebetween.com)
- Separase removes the cohesin complex holding sister chromatids together in a stepwise manner from chromosome arms in meiosis I, then from the centromere region in meiosis II. (ox.ac.uk)
Exchanges11
- Results: In all patients, the frequency of sister chromatid exchanges and the formation of micronuclei were significantly higher in the lymphocytes of blood samples that were taken in day 9 of the therapy compared to those that were collected 1 month after the cessation of therapy. (tubitak.gov.tr)
- Cadmium-induced antioxidant status and sister-chromatid exchanges in V" by SERPİL ÜNYAYAR, AYŞİN GÜZEL DEĞER et al. (tubitak.gov.tr)
- Cadmium-induced antioxidant status and sister-chromatid exchanges in Vicia faba L. (tubitak.gov.tr)
- The effects of cadmium (Cd) on antioxidant responses and sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) were studied in Vicia faba L. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and glutathione reductase (GR), and the levels of ascorbate (ASC), glutathione (GSH), hydrogen peroxide, and malondialdehyde (MDA, indicator of lipid peroxidation) were measured. (tubitak.gov.tr)
- Genotoxicity was evaluated by measuring the changes in the mitotic index (MI) and sister chromatid exchanges (SCE). (tubitak.gov.tr)
- The relationship between the 'spontaneous' frequency of sister-chromatid exchanges (SCE) and tumorigenicity was studied in a series of hybrids between a C57BL melanoma cell line and diploid cells, but no correlation was found between the 2 variables. (biologists.com)
- But in meiosis , crossing over (exchanges) take place between two of the non-sister chromatids. (wikipedia.org)
- A high frequency of sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) occurs in the cisplatin-resistant NPC cells. (oncotarget.com)
- Sister chromatid exchanges induced by ti. (gazi.edu.tr)
- In our previous studies this metabolite, but not the parent compound, was found to induce sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) and micronucleus (MN) formation in Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts (V79 cells). (cdc.gov)
- Numerical abnormalities, chromatid exchanges and translocations were virtually absent. (karger.com)
Chromosomes10
- A full set of sister chromatids is created during the synthesis (S) phase of interphase, when all the chromosomes in a cell are replicated. (wikipedia.org)
- Compare sister chromatids to homologous chromosomes, which are the two different copies of a chromosome that diploid organisms (like humans) inherit, one from each parent. (wikipedia.org)
- These chromosome copies are chromatids that have a special structure that connects the two and allows for this careful separation into new daughter cells to maintain a correct number of chromosomes in each cell. (genome.gov)
- In a cell with 4N chromatids, there are 23 chromosome pairs (46 chromosomes), and each chromosome has 2 chromatids. (wikidoc.org)
- We propose that BubR1 and Polo facilitate the accurate segregation of acentric chromatids by maintaining the integrity of the tethers that connect acentric chromosomes to their centric partners. (ca.gov)
- During the metaphase of mitosis, individual chromosomes align at the cell equator in a way that two sister chromatids distribute besides the metaphase plate or equator. (differencebetween.com)
- The pairing of sister chromatids in interphase facilitates error-free homologous recombination (HR). Sister chromatids are held together by cohesin, one of three Structural Maintenance of Chromosomes (SMC) complexes. (figshare.com)
- In meiosis, two specialized cell divisions allow the separation of paired chromosomes first, then of sister chromatids. (ox.ac.uk)
- Chromosomes then duplicate to produce SISTER CHROMATIDS (or HOMOLOGOUS DYADS). (cellsalive.com)
- Polytene chromosomes result from a succession of chromatid duplications that remain associated without concomitant cell division. (cea.fr)
Sister chromatid segregation1
Meiosis12
- The two sister chromatids are separated from each other into two different cells during mitosis or during the second division of meiosis. (wikipedia.org)
- An exception is towards the end of meiosis, after crossing over has occurred, because sections of each sister chromatid may have been exchanged with corresponding sections of the homologous chromatids with which they are paired during meiosis. (wikipedia.org)
- Studies with the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae indicate that inter-sister recombination occurs frequently during meiosis, and up to one-third of all recombination events occur between sister chromatids. (wikipedia.org)
- A chromatid is one of two identical copies of DNA making up a chromosome that are joined at their centromeres , for the process of nuclear division ( mitosis or meiosis ). (wikidoc.org)
- Thus, there are 92 chromatids in each cell (4xN) which occurs during anaphase 2 of meiosis . (wikidoc.org)
- The term chromatid was proposed by McClung (1900) for each of the four threads making up a chromosome -pair during meiosis . (wikidoc.org)
- On the other hand, nonsister chromatids form during metaphase I of meiosis . (differencebetween.com)
- Moreover, sister chromatids of the same chromosome behave differently in mitosis and meiosis. (differencebetween.com)
- Hence, sister chromatids remain intact during the anaphase I of meiosis. (differencebetween.com)
- Furthermore, sister chromatids appear at the interphase of the cell division while the nonsister chromatids appear at the metaphase I of the meiosis I. Thus, it is also a difference between sister and nonsister chromatids. (differencebetween.com)
- Crossing over, or recombination, is the exchange of chromosome segments between nonsister chromatids in meiosis. (jrank.org)
- namely, its requirement for separase-dependent sister chromatid separation in meiosis II. (ox.ac.uk)
Segregation4
- BubR1- and Polo-coated DNA tethers facilitate poleward segregation of acentric chromatids. (ca.gov)
- The acentric chromatid poleward movement is mediated through DNA tethers decorated with BubR1, Polo, INCENP, and Aurora-B. Reduced BubR1 or Polo function results in abnormal segregation of acentric chromatids, a decrease in acentric chromosome tethering, and a great reduction in adult survival. (ca.gov)
- Using laser destruction of the centrosomes during Caenorhabditis elegans mitosis, we show that neither of these mechanisms is necessary to achieve proper chromatid segregation. (ens-lyon.fr)
- Cohesin holds the sister CHROMATIDS together during METAPHASE and its cleavage results in chromosome segregation. (bvsalud.org)
Nonsister chromatids13
- The two types of chromatids found in the cell that undergo cell division are sister chromatids and nonsister chromatids. (differencebetween.com)
- Nonsister chromatids are chromatids in each chromosome of a homologous chromosome pair. (differencebetween.com)
- Therefore, nonsister chromatids are non-identical since they are inherited from both parents. (differencebetween.com)
- Nonsister chromatids contain different alleles of the same gene at the same loci. (differencebetween.com)
- Nonsister chromatids mainly involved with sexual reproduction. (differencebetween.com)
- Most importantly, crossing over and genetic recombination occurs between nonsister chromatids. (differencebetween.com)
- What are the Similarities Between Sister and Nonsister Chromatids? (differencebetween.com)
- Both sister and nonsister chromatids are produced during replication of DNA. (differencebetween.com)
- ALso, both sister and nonsister chromatids contain alleles of the same gene. (differencebetween.com)
- Sister chromatids contain same alleles wile nonsister chromatids contain different alleles. (differencebetween.com)
- There are two types of chromatids visible during the cell division namely sister chromatids and nonsister chromatids. (differencebetween.com)
- On the other hand, nonsister chromatids are the chromatids of a homologous chromosome pair that contain different alleles of the same gene at the same loci. (differencebetween.com)
- Hence, the key difference between sister and nonsister chromatids is that the sister chromatids are identical while nonsister chromatids are non-identical. (differencebetween.com)
Induce sister1
- Daphnoline showed low values for both LC50 (8mg/ml) and LC90 (50mg/ml) and was the only tested compound which did not induce sister chromatid exchange below 10 mg/ml. (bvsalud.org)
Mitotic1
- We show that Cdk1 inhibition leads to fatal sister chromatid alignment errors and mitotic arrest in the spindle checkpoint. (eur.nl)
Recombination1
- Chronic treatment with cisplatin induces replication-dependent sister chromatid recombination to confer cisplatin-resistant phenotype in nasopharyngeal. (oncotarget.com)
Mitosis4
- Homologous recombinational repair during mitosis is largely limited to interaction between nearby sister chromatids that are present in a cell subsequent to DNA replication but prior to cell division. (wikipedia.org)
- Chromatids segregate without centrosomes during Caenorhabditis elegans mitosis in a Ran- and CLASP-dependent manner. (ens-lyon.fr)
- Home / Teams / Evolutionary Cell Biology in Nematodes - M. Delattre / Publications / Chromatids segregate without centrosomes during Caenorhabditis elegans mitosis in a Ran- and CLASP-dependent manner. (ens-lyon.fr)
- During anaphase II, centromeres split, and sister chromatids get separated again like in mitosis. (differencebetween.com)
Interphase1
- Sister chromatids replicate at S phase of the interphase during the DNA replication. (differencebetween.com)
Segregate2
- Our live studies reveal that acentric chromatids segregate efficiently to opposite poles. (ca.gov)
- Current models propose that displacement of the spindle poles and/or the activity of kinetochore microtubules generate mechanical forces that segregate sister chromatids. (ens-lyon.fr)
Micronucleus1
- Materials and Methods: Genotoxicity was evaluated using the cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus (MN) and sister chromatid exchange (SCE) assays in lymphocyte cultures that were prepared from blood samples collected from the 15 patients. (tubitak.gov.tr)
Micronuclei1
- The frequencies of sister chromatid exchange (SCE) and micronuclei (MN) were scored as genetic endpoints, and mitomycin C was used as a model mutagen. (kombuchabrewers.org)
Opposite2
- Consequently, the separated sister chromatids move to opposite poles. (differencebetween.com)
- Chiasmata break apart and sister chromatids begin migrating toward opposite poles. (cellsalive.com)
Cells4
- It has been suggested that sister-chromatid exchange (SCE) might reflect a pathway by which cells can repair certain forms of chromosome damage( Latt & Juergens, 1977 ). (biologists.com)
- In vertebrate cells, sister chromatids are associated along their length from their formation in S phase through metaphase. (silverchair.com)
- Citation: Loveday KS, Anderson BE, Resnick MA, Zeiger E. Chromosome aberration and sister chromatid exchange tests in Chinese hamster ovary cells in vitro. (nih.gov)
- They thought that inefficient removal of peroxide might be responsible for the high rates of sister chromatid exchange and chromosomal damage in Bloom syndrome cells. (medscape.com)
Genotoxicity1
- Evaluation of Ribavirin Genotoxicity with Sister Chromatid Exchange an" by ABDULGANİ TATAR, ZÜLAL ÖZKURT et al. (tubitak.gov.tr)
Mutagen2
- Spontaneous and mutagen induced sister chromatid exchange in multiple sclerosis. (bmj.com)
- Spontaneous and mutagen induced sister chromatid exchange (SCE) frequencies have been studied in nine patients with multiple sclerosis and in nine age and sex matched healthy controls. (bmj.com)
Microtubules1
- The point where the two chromatids touch, and where the microtubules attach. (wikidoc.org)
Copies1
- The joined copies are now called sister chromatids . (wikipedia.org)
Dyad1
- A pair of sister chromatids is called a dyad. (wikipedia.org)
Mice1
- Relevant of mutagenicity and clastogenici- angiosarcomas of the liver, which carcinogens discussed in this chap- ty, including the induction of sister are rare tumours, were identified in ter do not include pharmaceutical chromatid exchange (SCE), chro- humans, rats, and mice exposed to drugs classified in Group 1, which mosomal aberrations (CA), and mi- vinyl chloride. (who.int)
Loci1
- Significantly, both sister chromatids contain the same allele in the same loci. (differencebetween.com)
Substrates2
- Due to the special nearby relationship they share, sister chromatids are not only preferred over distant homologous chromatids as substrates for recominational repair, but have the capacity to repair more DNA damage than do homologs. (wikipedia.org)
- Sister chromatids are preferred over homologs as substrates for recombinational repair in Saccharomyces cerevisiae" (Free full text). (wikipedia.org)
Separate2
- Besides, both types of chromatids separate from each other during cell division. (differencebetween.com)
- CHROMATIDS separate and begin moving to the poles. (cellsalive.com)
Cell division2
- A chromatid is one of the two identical halves of a chromosome that has been replicated in preparation for cell division. (genome.gov)
- Generally, chromatids form during early stages of cell division. (differencebetween.com)
Break2
- Heavy-ion induced chromatid break and repair kinetics in normal human fibroblasts. (elsevierpure.com)
- Dive into the research topics of 'Heavy-ion induced chromatid break and repair kinetics in normal human fibroblasts. (elsevierpure.com)
Human1
- The induction of sister chromatid exchange (SCE) in human lypocytes was performed to evaluate mutagenic effects of these compounds. (bvsalud.org)
Repair1
- There is evidence that, in some species, sister chromatids are the preferred template for DNA repair. (wikipedia.org)
Words1
- In other words, a sister chromatid may also be said to be 'one-half' of the duplicated chromosome. (wikipedia.org)
Single1
- Hence, a single-sex cell will consist of a single sister chromatid from each chromosome. (differencebetween.com)