Chlorophyll binding proteins. Medical search. Frequent questions

Both pigments fulfill different jobs during photosynthesis and therefore are bound very selectively by the proteins of the photosynthesis apparatus in plants. (sciencedaily.com)
This does not explain everything about Chl a/b binding specificity in the photosynthetic apparatus," said Paulsen, "but our results yield useful hypotheses that now can be tested with photosynthesis proteins. (sciencedaily.com)
Chlorophyll is vital for photosynthesis, which allows plants to absorb energy from light. (wikipedia.org)
These herbicides inhibit photosynthesis by binding to a protein within the photosystem II complex in plant chloroplasts. (ufl.edu)
This photosynthesis decline is not due to a decrease in chlorophyll content, which remains similar to Control. (biomedcentral.com)
Proteins involved in photosynthesis and carbon metabolism were also modulated by S restriction. (biomedcentral.com)
Respiration Interacts With Photosynthesis Through the Acceptor Side of Photosystem I, Reflected in the Dark-to-Light Induction Kinetics of Chlorophyll Fluorescence in the Cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. (elsevierpure.com)

The team of Professor Harald Paulsen at the JGU Faculty of Biology used the so-called Water-soluble Chlorophyll Protein of cauliflower and Virginia pepperweed as a model protein. (sciencedaily.com)
He received his doctorate for his thesis on Water-soluble Chlorophyll Protein jointly from Mainz University (Paulsen group) and the University of Padova in Italy (group of Professor Donatella Carbonera). (sciencedaily.com)
Proteomic results suggest that the maintenance of chlorophyll in S-limited conditions is related to an accumulation of Water Soluble Chlorophyll binding Proteins, involved in the protection of chlorophyll against ROS. (biomedcentral.com)

Light effects on the expression of nuclear genes for plastid proteins and for the 18S, 5.8S and 25S ribosomal RNAs are discussed, together with some recent information concerning the expression of chloroplast genes in developing plastids. (ncsu.edu)
mRNA steady state levels of the chlorophyll a/b-binding protein of photosystem II, ferredoxin I, the small and large subunits of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase, and pEA214 and pEA207, two other light-responsive genes, were determined during chlorophyll photooxidation. (ncsu.edu)
This positive link echoes the observation that endogenous CAB ( CHLOROPHYLL A/B-BINDING PROTEINS ) genes are repositioned from the interior to the periphery of Arabidopsis cotyledon nuclei when induced by light signaling [ 8 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
The pcb genes, encoding the major chlorophyll-binding, light-harvesting antenna proteins in this genus, are present in multiple copies in low-light strains but as a single copy in high-light strains. (nerc.ac.uk)
MIT 9313 has one iron-stress-induced pcb gene encoding an antenna protein serving photosystem I (PSI)-comparable to isiA genes from cyanobacteria-and a constitutively expressed pcb gene encoding a photosystem II (PSII) antenna protein. (nerc.ac.uk)

Altered protein accumulation and stability of the chloroplast ATP synthase in the cgl160 mutant visualized by immunoblotting.A. Immunoblots with antibodies against essential subunits of the photosynthetic protein complexes of wild-type (Col-4) Arabidopsis and the two cgl160 T-DNA insertion lines grown under long-day and short-day conditions. (agrisera.com)
In a recent study, Bi and colleagues identified genomic regions that are associated with the Arabidopsis NUCLEOPORIN1 (NUP1) protein, an inner subunit of the nuclear pore complex (NPC) [ 5 ] responsible for mRNA export that protrudes out into the lamina-like matrix (Fig. 1 ). (biomedcentral.com)

By 1960, when most of the stereochemistry of chlorophyll a was known, Robert Burns Woodward published a total synthesis of the molecule. (wikipedia.org)
When chlorophyll synthesis is inhibited, plant foliage turns white and slow plant death occurs. (ufl.edu)
In all living cells, protein synthesis occurs on ribonucleoprotein particles called ribosomes. (cipsm.de)
It contains several enzymes that are used for the synthesis of carbohydrates and proteins. (byjus.com)
ii) They contain the enzymes required for the synthesis of carbohydrates and proteins. (byjus.com)
In the light, when there is an increase in the chlorophyll content and synthesis of thylakoid membrane proteins, about 20-30% of the chloroplast ribosomes are bound to the thylakoid membranes. (rupress.org)
1] Magnesium is required for deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and protein synthesis. (medscape.com)

The biogenesis of several bacterial polytopic membrane proteins has been shown to require signal recognition particle (SRP) and protein transport machinery, and one such protein, the major light-harvesting chlorophyll- binding protein (LHCP) exhibits these requirements in chloroplasts. (soton.ac.uk)
1 µg of chlorophyll from Pisum sativum (1) , Mesembryanthemum crystallinum (2) , mesophyll (3) and bundle sheath (4) of Zea mays , mesophyll (5) and bundle sheath (6) of Echinochloa crus-galli chloroplasts extracted with 0.4 M sorbitol, 50 mM Hepes NaOH, pH 7.8, 10 mM NaCl, 5 mM MgCl2 and 2 mM EDTA were loaded to lanes. (agrisera.com)
Chlorophyll at different scales Chlorophyll (also chlorophyl) is any of several related green pigments found in cyanobacteria and in the chloroplasts of algae and plants. (wikipedia.org)
Chlorophyll molecules are arranged in and around photosystems that are embedded in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts. (wikipedia.org)
Homologues of the yeast Oxa1 protein are found in chloroplasts of plants and in a wide variety of bacteria. (tcdb.org)
Members of the Alb3/Oxa1/YidC protein family function as insertases in chloroplasts, mitochondria, and bacteria. (cipsm.de)
The vesicle-inducing protein in plastids 1 (Vipp1) is an essential component for thylakoid biogenesis in cyanobacteria and chloroplasts. (cipsm.de)
Mitochondria and chloroplasts are the two organelles that are double-membrane-bound. (byjus.com)
Chloroplasts are double-membrane-bound structures. (byjus.com)

Two types of chlorophyll exist in the photosystems of green plants: chlorophyll a and b. (wikipedia.org)
The identity, function and spectral properties of the types of chlorophyll in each photosystem are distinct and determined by each other and the protein structure surrounding them. (wikipedia.org)
These types of chlorophyll and bacteriochlorophyll differ in structure, and those differences affect the specific wavelength of light that each can absorb, which allows several different species of microbes together to collect the full spectrum of light, each absorbing a different range of wavelengths. (dummies.com)

Kim, Soo Jung , Jansson, Stefan , Hoffman, Neil E. , Robinson, Colin and Mant, Alexandra (1999) Distinct 'assisted' and 'spontaneous' mechanisms for the insertion of polytopic chlorophyll-binding proteins into the thylakoid membrane. (soton.ac.uk)
The electron flow produced by the reaction center chlorophyll pigments is used to pump H+ ions across the thylakoid membrane, setting up a proton-motive force a chemiosmotic potential used mainly in the production of ATP (stored chemical energy) or to reduce NADP+ to NADPH. (wikipedia.org)

Characterization of a chloroplast sequence-specific DNA binding factor. (ncsu.edu)
The chloroplast albino 3 (ALB3) protein appears to integrate the light harvesting chlorophyll-binding protein into thylakoid membranes using a pathway that is distinct from the chloroplast Sec translocation pathway. (tcdb.org)
Chloroplast-located proteins which are encoded by the nuclear genome have to be imported from the cytosol into the organelle in a post-translational manner. (cipsm.de)
Among these nuclear-encoded chloroplast proteins are the light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b-binding proteins (LHCPs). (cipsm.de)
Periodic variations in the ratio of free to thylakoid-bound chloroplast ribosomes during the cell cycle of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. (rupress.org)
Under normal conditions, when there was slow cooling of the cultures during cell harvesting, chloroplast polysomal runoff occurred in vivo leading to low levels of thylakoid-bound ribosomes. (rupress.org)
Each of these treatments prevented polypeptide chain elongation on chloroplast ribosomes and thus allowed the polyosomes to remain bound to the thylakoids. (rupress.org)

Chlorophyll fluorescence originating from photosystem I and II decreased during nitrogen starvation, but no alteration in subcellular chlorophyll localization was found. (osti.gov)
In fluorescence-based secondary detection, fluorophore-conjugated secondary antibodies are used to bind the primary antibody and the signal is detected using a digital imager. (bdbiosciences.com)

The first group of herbicides inhibits different enzymes in the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway that protects chlorophyll from excessive light and photo-oxidation. (ufl.edu)

Accumulation of the cytochrome b6f complex was probed with antibodies against the essential subunits PetA (cytochrome f), PetB (cytochrome b6), and PETC (Rieske protein). (agrisera.com)
Current, antibody-based diagnostical methods utilize antibodies against histamine raised by conjugating histamine to a large immunogenic protein carrier, such as bovine serum albumin (BSA) or ovalbumin (OVA) via its primary amine group. (justia.com)
Consequently, only the imidazole will be exposed to lymphocytes, which commonly results in generation of antibodies that recognize protein-bound histamine with only limited affinity and sensitivity for free histamine. (justia.com)
The protein of interest is then detected by a simple antigen-antibody reaction using appropriate antibodies. (bdbiosciences.com)
Polyclonal antibodies are comparatively less specific but offer broader recognition of the antigen and provide higher chances of obtaining qualitative information about proteins. (bdbiosciences.com)
Since fluorophores with absorption and emission maxima spanning the entire light spectrum are available, combinations of antibodies conjugated to fluorophores of different wavelengths can be used to detect multiple proteins. (bdbiosciences.com)
Labeled antibodies against several important biological target proteins are commercially available. (bdbiosciences.com)

Of the membrane proteins whose insertion into thylakoids has been analyzed, five have now been shown to insert by a SRP/Sec-independent mechanism, suggesting that this is a mainstream form of targeting pathway. (soton.ac.uk)

Analyses of chlorophylls a and b and the chlorophyll a/b-binding protein suggest that accumulation of the protein and its mRNA are coordinated with chlorophyll abundance at several steps. (ncsu.edu)
Phytochrome Regulation of Greening in Pisum: Chlorophyll Accumulation and Abundance of mRNA for the Light-Harvesting Chlorophyll a/b Binding Proteins. (ncsu.edu)
A brief pulse of red light eliminates or reduces the lag in chlorophyll accumulation that occurs when dark-grown pea seedlings are transferred to continuous white light. (ncsu.edu)
We compared time courses, escape from reversal by far-red light, and fluence-response behavior for induction of mRNA for the light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b binding proteins (Cab mRNA) with those for induction of rapid chlorophyll accumulation in seedlings of Pisum sativum cv Alaska. (ncsu.edu)
Therefore, the level of Cab mRNA, as measured by the presence of sequences hybridizing to a cDNA probe, does not limit the rate of chlorophyll accumulation after transfer of pea seedlings to white light. (ncsu.edu)
In this case also, abundance of Cab mRNA cannot be what limits chlorophyll accumulation. (ncsu.edu)

Some significant SNPs are associated with membrane and plastid proteins, as well as DNA transcription and binding regulators. (peerj.com)

Two other members, however, namely an early light-inducible protein 2 (Elip2) and photosystem II subunit S (PsbS), can insert efficiently in the complete absence of SRP, SecA activity, nucleoside triphosphates, or a functional Sec system. (soton.ac.uk)

The matrix exposed C-terminal α-helical domain of Oxa1 can bind mitochondrial ribosomes to facilitate co-translational insertion of proteins into the mitochondrial membrane ( Jia et al . (tcdb.org)
On the other hand, only a few or no bound ribosomes are present in the dark when there is no increase in the chlorophyll content. (rupress.org)
Thus, bound ribosomes were converted to the free variety after cultures at 4 h in the light had been transferred to the dark for 10 min. (rupress.org)

Reaction center chlorophyll-protein complexes are capable of directly absorbing light and performing charge separation events without the assistance of other chlorophyll pigments, but the probability of that happening under a given light intensity is small. (wikipedia.org)
Besides chlorophyll a, there are other pigments, called accessory pigments, which occur in these pigment-protein antenna complexes. (wikipedia.org)
Membrane proteins bind retinal pigments forming a light-driven proton pump. (dummies.com)
There are many types of these pigment-binding proteins, and their position around the light-harvesting pigments can change the spectrum of light absorbed. (dummies.com)
The photocomplexes are organized so that there is a central reaction center (usually made of chlorophyll or bacteriochlorophyll) around which as many as 300 accessory pigments are arranged to gather up the light energy and pass it to the reaction center. (dummies.com)

Having done so, these same centers execute their second function: The transfer of that energy by resonance energy transfer to a specific chlorophyll pair in the reaction center of the photosystems. (wikipedia.org)
The function of the reaction center of chlorophyll is to absorb light energy and transfer it to other parts of the photosystem. (wikipedia.org)
The removal of the electron from the chlorophyll is an oxidation reaction. (wikipedia.org)
The charged reaction center of chlorophyll (P680+) is then reduced back to its ground state by accepting an electron stripped from water. (wikipedia.org)
Thus, the other chlorophylls in the photosystem and antenna pigment proteins all cooperatively absorb and funnel light energy to the reaction center. (wikipedia.org)
the effects of protein conformation on reaction center function. (sharcnet.ca)
In addition, our calculations correctly assigned the energy levels of reaction-center (RC) chromophores, as well as the lowest-energy antenna chlorophyll. (sharcnet.ca)
Cyanobacterial phycobilisome (PBS) pigment-protein complexes harvest light and transfer the energy to reaction centers. (osti.gov)

The presence of magnesium in chlorophyll was discovered in 1906, and was the first detection of that element in living tissue. (wikipedia.org)
this amount is easily obtainable with a normal daily intake of fruits, seeds, and vegetables because magnesium is a component of chlorophyll and is present in high concentrations in all green plants. (medscape.com)

Bacteria also export (to the periplasm) N-tails of membrane proteins synthesized without leader sequences by a Sec (Type IIPS)-independent mechanism. (tcdb.org)
2001 ). Mitochondria have two, one for co-translational, and one for post-translational insertion of membrane proteins. (tcdb.org)

This lack of transcription could be due to a mutation in the RBCS3A promoter creating the so-called F-box, a protein binding site located between the activating cis elements, the I-box and G-box. (wikiversity.org)
binds specifically to the I-box and activates transcription in yeast and plants. (wikiversity.org)

For the most part, oxygenic phototrophs have chlorophyll whereas anoxygenic phototrophs have bacteriochlorophyll. (dummies.com)

Additionally, the PSBS protein involved in NPQ and the minor PSII antenna protein LHCB4 were probed. (agrisera.com)

Using western blotting, proteins can be characterized for several aspects, including their presence or absence, abundance, phosphorylation status or localization. (bdbiosciences.com)

2018 ). Through YidC, proteins are inserted into the lipid bilayer via the SecYEG-dependent complex, but YidC functions as a chaperone in protein folding processes. (tcdb.org)

Mitochondria import nuclearly-encoded proteins, made in the cell cytoplasm, into the mitochondrial matrix where their mitochondrial targeting sequences are removed by proteolysis. (tcdb.org)
After the pathogenic bacterium Legionella pneumophila is phagocytosed, it injects more than 250 different proteins into the cytoplasm of host cells to evade lysosomal digestion and to replicate inside the host cell. (cipsm.de)

Chlorophyll allow plants to absorb energy from light. (wikipedia.org)
Chlorophylls absorb light most strongly in the blue portion of the electromagnetic spectrum as well as the red portion. (wikipedia.org)
Hence chlorophyll-containing tissues appear green because green light, diffusively reflected by structures like cell walls, is less absorbed. (wikipedia.org)
In these complexes, chlorophyll serves three functions: The function of the vast majority of chlorophyll (up to several hundred molecules per photosystem) is to absorb light. (wikipedia.org)
In the absence of carotenoids, chlorophyll is degraded rapidly in the presence of high light intensities. (ufl.edu)
QB fluctuated between two binding sites similar to the proximal and distal sites previously observed in light- and dark-adapted RC from purple bacteria. (sharcnet.ca)
Purification and characterization of a light-harvesting chlorophyll-protein complex from the marine eustigmatophyte nannochloropsis sp. (bgu.ac.il)
Dive into the research topics of 'Purification and characterization of a light-harvesting chlorophyll-protein complex from the marine eustigmatophyte nannochloropsis sp. (bgu.ac.il)
Thus, it seems that the adaptation of Prochlorococcus to low light environments has triggered a multiplication and specialization of Pcb proteins comparable to that found for Cab proteins in plants and green algae. (nerc.ac.uk)

In addition to post-transcriptional regulation at the level of mRNA and protein stability, there may exist coordination at the transcriptional stage. (ncsu.edu)
Dual Redox Regulation of the DNA-Binding Activity of the Response Regulator RpaB in the Cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. (elsevierpure.com)

i) Grana are stacks of flattened discs containing chlorophyll molecules. (byjus.com)

Mitochondrial TAT transports folded proteins in those eukaryotes with TatA and TatC subunits encoded in the mitochondrial genome. (tcdb.org)

Despite this, induction of proteins involved in oxidative stress resistance and energy production shows that the leaf capacity to capture and use photosynthetic active radiations for ATP production remains efficient for as long as possible. (biomedcentral.com)

This sequence is highly conserved in Lhca4 proteins of angiosperms (monocots and dicots) and gymnosperms. (agrisera.com)

SCOP: Structural Classification of Proteins and ASTRAL. (berkeley.edu)
How these plant proteins recognize the two chlorophylls, despite their small structural differences, and thus are able to bind them selectively, has been largely unknown so far. (sciencedaily.com)

The binding blocks electron transport and stops carbon dioxide fixation and energy production needed for plant growth. (ufl.edu)
The fate of yeast and plant DNA, as monitored by yeast chitinase gene and the plant chlorophyll a/b binding protein gene and micro-satellite markers showed that large DNA markers were present in must (the starting fermentation mixture of mainly yeast and grape juice), while the 250 base pair micro-satellites were present in both must and young wine for up to six months [9]. (i-sis.org.uk)

The yeast released for commercial wine production, ML01, was found to be only somewhat substantially equivalent to unmodified wine yeast, as a cytochrome p450 enzyme protein appeared to have been altered from the parental strain based on a comprehensive analysis of the yeast cell proteins, and a number of codon changes were observed in the inserted malolactic gene cassette, but those changes were not considered significant. (i-sis.org.uk)

Due to independent gene duplications, all organisms possess two isoforms, Oxa1 and Oxa2 except gram-negative bacteria, which encode only for one YidC-like protein. (cipsm.de)

In this report we have used in vitro insertion assays to analyze four additional members of the chlorophyll-a/b-binding protein family. (soton.ac.uk)

Both proteins contain a Cysteine-rich zinc finger domain that is highly specific to DnaJ-like molecular chaperons. (yokohama-cu.ac.jp)

The former but not the latter has a ribosome binding domain ( Preuss et al . (tcdb.org)

The chlorophyll donates the high energy electron to a series of molecular intermediates called an electron transport chain. (wikipedia.org)

2007 ). Several Oxa1-type insertases in the ER serve as catalytically active core subunits in the ER membrane protein complex (EMC), the guided entry of tail-anchored (GET) and the GET- and EMC-like (GEL) complex. (tcdb.org)
In metazoans, a complex meshwork of intermediate filament proteins constitutes the so-called lamina at the inner nuclear membrane to which chromatin regions and associated factors are anchored [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
A primary antibody is used to bind to the specific protein of interest followed by a secondary antibody to detect the antigen-antibody complex. (bdbiosciences.com)

It "appears that the RBCS2 promoter and, by extension, the RBCS1 and RBCS3A promoters, are activated by the co-ordinate binding of an I-box binding factor (IBF) and a G-box binding factor (GBF) in leaves, while the promoters are activated by a GBF alone in fruit. (wikiversity.org)

The AR1 gene, which encodes the TGMV coat protein, was transcribed transiently in leaf discs after agroinoculation of TGMV A DNA. (ncsu.edu)

Encodes a close homolog of the Cauliflower OR (Orange) protein. (yokohama-cu.ac.jp)

Anatomy3

Organisms6

Chemicals and Drugs18

Phenomena and Processes8

Technology, Industry, Agriculture2

Information Science3

Photosynthesis7

Water-soluble chlorophyll3

Genes5

Arabidopsis2

Synthesis7

Chloroplasts9

Types of chlorophyll3

Thylakoid membrane2

Chloroplast7

Fluorescence2

Biosynthetic1

Antibodies7

Thylakoids1

Accumulation6

Plastid1

Subunit1

Ribosomes3

Pigments5

Reaction8

Magnesium2

Membrane proteins2

Transcription2

Phototrophs1

Antenna1

Localization1

Lipid1

Cytoplasm2

Light9

Regulation2

Molecules1

Mitochondrial1

Photosynthetic1

Sequence1

Structural2

Plant2

Yeast1

Bacteria1

Assays1

Zinc finger1

Ribosome1

Electron1

Complex3

Promoter1

Leaf1

Encodes1