• CK2 (casein kinase 2) is a serine/threonine-selective protein kinase that has been involved in a variety of cellular processes such as DNA repair, cell cycle control and circadian rhythm regulation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • CK2 (casein kinase 2) is an ubiquitously expressed and highly conserved serine/threonine protein kinase that forms a tetramer containing two catalytic (α and/or α´) subunits and two regulatory β subunits [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It is a PROTEIN-SERINE-THREONINE KINASE that is translocated to the CELL NUCLEUS in response to light signals. (bvsalud.org)
  • Checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1, CHEK1) is a Ser/Thr protein kinase that plays a key role in mediating the cellular response to DNA-damage. (rcsb.org)
  • In contrast, downstream signaling from ATR directly to the checkpoint kinase Chk1 was required for survival responses for a smaller subset of the drugs tested. (ascopost.com)
  • SRA737 is a potent, highly selective, orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of Checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1), a key regulator of cell cycle progression and the DNA Damage Response (DDR). (salesandmarketingnetwork.com)
  • The presence of replication stress activates the DNA damage response and downstream checkpoint proteins including ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related kinase (ATR), checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1), and WEE1-like protein kinase (WEE1), which trigger cell cycle arrest while protecting and restoring stalled replication forks. (bmj.com)
  • CHEK2 is a cell cycle checkpoint regulator, and the CHEK2*1100delC germline mutation leads to loss of function and increased breast cancer risk. (nih.gov)
  • Although CHEK2 is a down stream effector of the ATM kinase that responds primarily to double-strand breaks it can also be activated by ATR (ataxia-telangiectasia and Rad3 related) kinase that responds primarily to single-strand breaks. (wikipedia.org)
  • Checkpoint kinase 2 (CHEK2), a cell cycle checkpoint regulator gene, codes for a kinase protein activated in response to radiation and other agents that cause breaks in the DNA. (termedia.pl)
  • Decreased expression of six RNA species was seen at various time points in all cell strains analyzed, these were: plasminogen activator (PLAT), centromere protein F (CPF), replication factor C (RFC3), thymidylate synthetase (TYMS), a putative mitotic checkpoint kinase (BUB1) and a gene of unknown function (GenBank accession number AI859865). (cdc.gov)
  • Discovery of a Novel Class of Triazolones as Checkpoint Kinase Inhibitors--Hit to Lead Exploration. (rcsb.org)
  • Immunotherapy mainly includes immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), such as inhibitors of PD-1 (programmed cell death 1)/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1). (nature.com)
  • Within a decade of the initial discovery, the development of small molecule kinase inhibitors of BRAF (e.g., vemurafenib and dabrafenib) and their clinical validation occurred, showing significant short-term responses in patients with ERK1 corresponds to C161 in ERK2 and C159 in Rattus norvegicus ERK2. (cell-signaling-pathways.com)
  • Hypothyroidism may also occur in patients taking amiodarone or other iodine-containing drugs, in patients taking interferon-alfa, and in patients being treated for cancer with checkpoint inhibitors or some tyrosine kinase inhibitors. (msdmanuals.com)
  • At the International Centre for Kinase Profiling (ICKP) we understand that ascertaining how your compound behaves in relation to the multitude of related enzymes is critical. (mrc.ac.uk)
  • G 2 /M arrest was associated with DNA damage as indicated by phosphorylation of H 2 A.X at Ser139 and activation of checkpoint kinase 2 (Chk2) in all the three cell lines. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Cycloheximide or Chk2 inhibitor pretreatment abrogated not only activation of Chk2 but also G 2 /M arrest and apoptosis mediated by DIM. (aspetjournals.org)
  • To further establish the involvement of Chk2 in DIM-mediated G 2 /M arrest, cells were transfected with dominant-negative Chk2 (DN-Chk2). (aspetjournals.org)
  • Blocking Chk2 activation by DN-Chk2 completely protected cells from DIM-mediated G 2 /M arrest. (aspetjournals.org)
  • These results clearly indicate the requirement of Chk2 activation to cause G 2 /M arrest by DIM in ovarian cancer cells. (aspetjournals.org)
  • SRA141 is a potent, selective, orally bioavailable small molecule inhibitor of Cell division cycle 7 kinase (Cdc7). (salesandmarketingnetwork.com)
  • Participants have received one prior platinum-based chemotherapy and one prior immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy either in combination or in sequence. (who.int)
  • Exclusion criteria: --Participants who have previously received docetaxel, KRAS G12C inhibitor, or any other systemic therapy for their locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC other than one platinum-based chemotherapy and one prior immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. (who.int)
  • Checkpoint control kinases is a term used to describe a group of enzymes that regulate progression of a cell through the cell cycle. (tocris.com)
  • Checkpoint control kinases function to halt the cell cycle at these critical points. (tocris.com)
  • Tocris offers the following scientific literature for Checkpoint Control Kinases to showcase our products. (tocris.com)
  • During meiotic recombination in human and mouse, CHEK1 protein kinase is important for integrating DNA damage repair with cell cycle arrest. (wikipedia.org)
  • In mouse oocytes CHEK1 appears to be indispensable for prophase I arrest and to function at the G2/M checkpoint. (wikipedia.org)
  • Participants with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-sensitizing mutation and/or anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangement by local testing. (who.int)
  • It has been reported that lung cancer cells exhibit upregulated expression of all key glycolytic enzymes [hexokinase 2 (HK2), phosphofructokinase and pyruvate kinase (PK)] ( 13 ), suggesting that the essential enzymes of the aerobic glycolytic pathway have a critical role in the development of lung carcinoma. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Rad53 phosphorylation/activation is elicited when unrepaired meiosis-specific DSBs escape the recombination checkpoint. (unimi.it)
  • Other G 2 /M regulatory molecules such as Cdc25C, Cdk1, cyclin B1 were down-regulated by DIM. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Cell-cycle arrest was associated with the engagement of checkpoint kinase 2-cell division cycle 25C-cyclin-dependent kinase 1/cyclin B1 signaling. (bioone.org)
  • Cyclin dependent-kinase 2 (CDK2) plays important functions during the mitotic cell cycle and also facilitates several key events during germ cell development. (lu.se)
  • It was found that activation of the upstream kinase S-phase-specific cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) 2 was required for robust activation of ATR in response to numerous and diverse chemotherapeutic agents, and that Cdk2-mediated ATR activation promoted cell survival after treatment with many drugs. (ascopost.com)
  • It was identified that the nuclear division cycle 80, cyclin B2 and topoisomerase 2‑α may serve important roles in adrenocortical tumor development. (cancerindex.org)
  • As discussed in Supplementary Note?2, among several proteins tested, only ERK2 showed a characteristic change in the absorption spectrum, consistent with thiol addition. (cell-signaling-pathways.com)
  • JAM3 knockdown induced reactive oxygen species and syncytin 2 expression in trophoblasts. (bioone.org)
  • The 2 most important novel therapeutic strategies for metastatic melanoma are immune checkpoint blockade and selective kinase inhibition. (ahdbonline.com)
  • Ephrin family members receptor tyrosine kinases are mediators of angiogenesis that may also regulate endothelial barrier function in the lung. (biospraysehatalami.com)
  • An Introduction and Overview of RON Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Signaling. (uc.edu)
  • Lipocalin 10 is essential for protection against inflammation-triggered vascular leakage by activating LDL receptor-related protein 2-slingshot homologue 1 signalling pathway. (uc.edu)
  • SRA737 is currently being investigated in two Phase 1/2 clinical trials primarily focused on patients with ovarian cancer: SRA737-01, a monotherapy study, and SRA737-02, a drug combination study evaluating SRA737 potentiated by low dose gemcitabine. (salesandmarketingnetwork.com)
  • Kinetochore localization and microtubule interaction of the human spindle checkpoint kinase Mps1. (mpg.de)
  • The meiotic recombination checkpoint monitors meiotic recombination during meiosis, and blocks the entry into metaphase I if recombination is not efficiently processed. (wikipedia.org)
  • The special chromosome separation in meiosis, homologous chromosomes separation in meiosis I and chromatids separation in meiosis II, requires special tension between homologous chromatids and non-homologous chromatids for distinguishing microtubule attachment and it relies on the programmed DNA double strand break (DSB) and repair in prophase I. Therefore meiotic recombination checkpoint can be a kind of DNA damage response at specific time spot. (wikipedia.org)
  • On the other hand, the meiotic recombination checkpoint also makes sure that meiotic recombination does happen in every pair of homologs. (wikipedia.org)
  • This pathway is the same as classical DNA damage response and is the part we know the best in meiotic recombination checkpoint. (wikipedia.org)
  • DNA damage checkpoint response to accidental DSBs during mitosis requires the Rad53 effector kinase, whereas the meiosis-specific Mek1 kinase, together with Red1 and Hop1, mediates the recombination checkpoint in response to programmed meiotic DSBs. (unimi.it)
  • Altogether, these data indicate that Rad53 prevents sister chromatid segregation in the presence of unrepaired programmed meiotic DSBs, thus providing a salvage mechanism ensuring genetic integrity in the gametes even in the absence of the recombination checkpoint. (unimi.it)
  • Sequence analysis of these genes is being used to identify BRCA1/2 mutation carriers, though these efforts are hampered by the high frequency of variants of unknown clinical significance (VUSs). (jci.org)
  • Blocking ROS generation by N -acetyl cysteine protects the cells from DIM-mediated G 2 /M arrest and apoptosis. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Role of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Rad53 checkpoint kinase in signaling double-strand breaks during the meiotic cell cycle / H. Cartagena-Lirola, I. Guerini, N. Manfrini, G. Lucchini, M.P. Longhese. (unimi.it)
  • Ku70/80 forms a complex with the DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs) to form the full DNA-dependent protein kinase, DNA-PK [7]. (termedia.pl)
  • While many factors are involved in the etiology of cancer, it has been clearly established that diet significantly impacts risk of this disease [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. (mdpi.com)
  • 2 Approximately 4% of melanoma cases are diagnosed at an advanced stage, when the cancer has already metastasized. (ahdbonline.com)
  • Molecular portraits of cell cycle checkpoint kinases in cancer evolution, progression, and treatment responsiveness. (uc.edu)
  • Cancer Immunotherapy Agilent xCELLigence RTCA handbook 2 Table of contents What is cancer immunotherapy? (technologynetworks.com)
  • According to the latest statistical report from the American Cancer Center from 2021, lung cancer has the second-highest incidence and the highest mortality rate among all malignancies ( 2 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The male-to-female ratio in head and neck cancer is 2:1. (medscape.com)
  • In the presence of errors or damage during DNA replication, cell cycle checkpoint nodes and repair machinery work in concert to retard cell cycle progression until sufficient repair has been achieved. (bmj.com)
  • A major line of research in the lab focuses on understanding the molecular functions of the Tousled-like kinases (TLKs), TLK1 and TLK2. (cancer.gov)
  • This event is triggered by the activation of M-Cdk in late prophase I. Then the spindle assembly checkpoint examines the attachment of microtubules at kinetochores, followed by initiation of metaphase I by APCCdc20. (wikipedia.org)
  • A better understanding of the CDK2 substrates will help us to gain deeper insight into the functions of this universal kinase. (lu.se)
  • We report that CK2 is essential for porcine oocyte meiotic maturation by regulating spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC). (biomedcentral.com)
  • PICH, a Centromere-Associated SNF2 Family ATPase, Is Regulated by Plk1 and Required for the Spindle Checkpoint. (mpg.de)
  • Plk1 regulates PICH, a centromere-associated SNF2 family translocase that is required for the spindle checkpoint. (mpg.de)
  • A luciferase assay using a plasmid containing the PXR response elements of CYP3A4 revealed that the increased CYP3A4 induction by siNEAT1_2 or siDAZAP1 was due to the increased transactivation by PXR. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Consistent with these observations, incubation of the ERK2BI-78D3 adduct (UV spectrum is shown in Supplementary Fig.?15a) with 5?mM glutathione for 30?min failed to rescue the activity of ERK2, as determined using an in vitro kinase assay (Supplementary Fig.?15c). (cell-signaling-pathways.com)
  • For a cell to progress through the cycle and replicate, it must pass through checkpoints between phases to ensure that DNA is replicated correctly and that chromosomes segregate. (tocris.com)
  • Therefore the unsynapsed chromosomes in Spo11 cells can be a target of checkpoint. (wikipedia.org)
  • Collectively, this is the first study to demonstrate that the paraspeckle components NEAT1_2 and DAZAP1 negatively regulate CYP3A4 induction by PXR. (aspetjournals.org)